2017届《名师A计划》高考英语新人教版一轮复习配套练习：必修3 Unit 2《Healthy eating》（含解析）

　　Unit 2　Healthy eating

　　(60分钟81分)

　　Part A

　　一、阅读理解(共8小题;每小题2分,满分16分)

　　A

　　It has long been hailed(宣称) as the most crucial meal of the day,vital for getting the body going and preventing overeating later on.But breakfast may not be so vital after all,if new research is to be believed.Contrary to popular belief,the study found the first meal of the day had little impact on snacking or portion sizes later in the day.It also had no effect on metabolism(新陈代谢).

　　The researchers,from the University of Bath,now suggest the better health of people who eat a good breakfast may be due to their general,wide diet regime(养生法).They found there was no change in metabolism after six weeks between those who ate nothing for breakfast and those who consumed 700 calories before 11 am.The major difference was that those who abstained from breakfast ate fewer calories over the whole day. 

　　This goes against the long-held theory that people who skip breakfast simply make up for it by gorging on food later on.However,breakfast eaters were likely to expend more energy—around 442 calories—by being active,mainly in the morning after eating.They also had more stable blood sugar readings,especially by the end of the trial.

　　The research added:“The belief that breakfast is ‘the most important meal of the day’ is so widespread that many people are surprised to learn that there is a lack of scientific evidence showing whether or how breakfast may directly cause changes in our health.It is certainly true that people who regularly eat breakfast tend to be slimmer and healthier but these individuals also typically follow most other recommendations for a healthy lifestyle,so have more balanced diets and take more physical exercise.”

　　In another study published this month,researchers at the University of Alabama at Birmingham divided volunteers into three groups.One skipped breakfast,others always ate it and a third continued with their current regime.Four months later,no one in any group had lost much weight.

　　1.According to the new research,the people who eat breakfast tend to . 

　　A.prevent overeating later on

　　B.expend more energy

　　C.have more balanced diets

　　D.lose more weight

　　2.If you want to be healthier and slimmer,you should . 

　　A.not eat breakfast

　　B.snack as frequently as possible

　　C.eat general,wide breakfast

　　D.have a healthy lifestyle

　　3.The underlined phrase “abstained from” in Paragraph 2 means . 

　　A.didn’t have B.had

　　C.had more D.had less

　　4.The best title of the passage is . 

　　A.whether to have breakfast or not

　　B.no expected good to have breakfast

　　C.difference between having and not having breakfast

　　D.healthy diet

　　【文章大意】本文为议论文,主要论述了“早餐没有预想中那么重要”的观点。

　　1.B　细节理解题。根据第三段第二句中的“breakfast eaters were likely to expend more energy...by being active”可知,吃早餐的人可能会因为更加活跃而消耗更多能量。

　　2.D　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段最后一句可知,更健康更苗条的人的其他生活方式也一定是非常健康合理的,也会注意平衡饮食和锻炼身体,这说明生活方式健康合理是保持健康苗条的重要条件。

　　3.A　词义推测题。根据第三段第一句“This goes against the long-held theory that people who skip breakfast simply make up for it by gorging on food later on.”可知,这和之前人们认为的“不吃早餐会使人之后进食更多”的想法截然相反,这里的“这”就是指第二段最后一句的内容,即不吃早餐的人一天摄入的卡路里更少。故此处的abstain from意为“不吃”。

　　4.B　标题归纳题。第一段最后两句“...the study found the first meal of the day had little impact on snacking or portion sizes later in the day.It also had no effect on metabolism.”是本文的主题句,即吃早餐没有预想中那么重要,下文都是围绕这一论点展开的论证。

　　B

　　Food serves as a form of communication in two fundamental ways.Sharing bread or other foods is a common human tradition that can promote unity and trust.Food can also have a specific meaning,and play a significant role in a family or culture’s celebrations or traditions.The foods we eat—and when and how we eat them—are often unique to a particular culture or may even differ between rural(农村的)and urban areas within one country.

　　Sharing bread,whether during a special occasion(时刻)or at the family dinner table,is a common symbol of togetherness.Many cultures also celebrate birthdays and marriages with cakes that are cut and shared among the guests.Early forms of cake were simply a kind of bread,so this tradition hits its roots in the custom of sharing bread.

　　Food also plays an important role in many New Year celebrations.In the southern United States,pieces of corn bread represent blocks of gold for prosperity(兴旺)in the New Year.In Greece,people share a special cake called vasilopita.A coin is put into the cake,which signifies(预示)success in the New Year for the person who receives it.

　　Many cultures have ceremonies to celebrate the birth of a child,and food can play a significant role.In China,when a baby is one month old,families name and welcome their child in a celebration that includes giving red-colored eggs to guests.In many cultures,round foods such as grapes,bread,and moon cakes are eaten at welcome celebrations to represent family unity.

　　Nutrition is necessary for life,so it is not surprising that food is such an important part of different cultures around the world.

　　(2015·安徽高考)

　　1.According to the passage,sharing bread. 

　　A.indicates a lack of food

　　B.can help to develop unity

　　C.is a custom unique to rural areas

　　D.has its roots in birthday celebrations

　　2.What does the coin in vasilopita signify for its receiver in the New Year?

　　A.Trust. B.Success.

　　C.Health. D.Togetherness.

　　3.The author explains the role of food in celebrations by. 

　　A.using examples B.making comparisons

　　C.analyzing causes D.describing processes

　　4.What is the passage mainly about?

　　A.The custom of sharing food.

　　B.The specific meaning of food.

　　C.The role of food in ceremonies.

　　D.The importance of food in culture.

　　【文章大意】本文是说明文。食物在交际方面起着重要的作用。共享食物是人类的传统,能促进人们的团结与信任。食物也在节日庆祝中起着重要作用。

　　1.B　细节理解题。根据第一段中“Sharing bread or other foods is a common human tradition that can promote unity and trust.”可知,共享食物能促进人们的团结与信任。

　　2.B　细节理解题。根据第三段中“A coin is put into the cake,which signifies success in the New Year for the person who receives it.”可知,硬币代表着成功。

　　3.A　推理判断题。在讲述庆祝活动时,作者列举了食物在美国、希腊等国所代表的意义。

　　4.D　主旨大意题。全文讲述了食物在世界不同文化中的重要性。

　　二、语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)

　　By “luxury(奢侈品)”,we mean “a pleasant and often expensive thing that is not necessary”.From a 1.(history) point of view,things which were luxuries when they first came into being all became 2.(necessary) later. 

　　Anything,no matter how luxurious it is,will become a necessity,when it is 3.(wide) used.This is true of many of the present luxuries,among which mobile phones,cars,computers and many other things 4.(include).It is known to all that the purpose of the development of science is 5.(make) things easy for the mankind,not for only 6. small number of people.7.,the first thing to do after a new invention occurs is to spread it so as to benefit 8. many people as possible.In the course of the spread,the luxury becomes decreasingly luxurious until in the end it becomes a necessity.This is an objective law,and nothing can be an exception. 

　　With the quick 9.(develop) of science and technology,the process for many things to become a necessity from a luxury will be greatly shortened.Anything that can be imagined will be invented and in no time becomes a necessity 10.(access) to ordinary people. 

　　(2015·哈尔滨九中三模)

　　1.historical。名词词组point of view需用形容词来修饰,from a historical point of view为固定搭配,意为“从历史的角度看”。

　　2.necessities。由前文的luxuries可知,此处应填名词的复数形式,与前文保持一致。

　　3.widely。从句的谓语动词is used需用副词来修饰,故填widely。

　　4.are included。mobile phones...many other things与include之间是被动关系,需要用被动语态。

　　5.to make。句意:众所周知,科学发展的目的是为人类把事情变容易。此处动词不定式作表语,表示目的。

　　6.a。a small number of为固定短语,意为“少数的”。

　　7.Therefore/Thus。前一句讲“科学发展的目的是为人类把事情变容易”,后一句讲“新发明诞生之后的第一件事就是传播它,从而使尽可能多的人从中获益”。两句之间为因果关系,故用therefore或thus连接。

　　8.as。此处指使尽可能多的人受益。as many...as possible意为“尽可能多的……”。

　　9.development。空格前有形容词quick修饰,所以应该填名词development。

　　10.accessible。句意:任何可以想象的东西都会被发明出来并且不久就会变成普通人可得到的必需品。固定搭配accessible to意为“可接近的,可得到的”。这里“accessible to ordinary people”作后置定语修饰名词necessity。

　　Part B

　　一、完形填空(共20小题;每小题1.5分,满分30分)

　　I used to abandon myself to despair.Last year my mother 　1　 from stroke(中风)and had an operation on her brain.I felt my whole world turn upside down and I had no 　2　 what I could do to help her to relieve her 　3　.Tears welled up in my eyes whenever I was alone. 

　　Last month I 　4　 my precious watch,which was an 18-year-old birthday gift from my father.I could not fall asleep for a couple of nights because I felt 　5　 about the loss. 

　　There have been many 　6　 like these in my life.I could never figure out how to deal with such tough things 　7　 I read“If You Have a Lemon,Make a Lemonade” by American writer Dale Carnegie. 

　　“When the wise man is handed a lemon,he says,‘What 　8　 can I get from this?How can I 　9　 my situation?How can I turn this lemon into a lemonade?’”he wrote. 

　　I suddenly 　10　 that life is full of ups and downs,so I need to stay 　11　 all the time. 

　　Now when I think of my past,I wish I could have handled things 　12　.When my mother was fighting for 　13　,I should have held her hands in mine,telling her things would get better instead of 　14　 and crying. 

　　Several weeks ago,I took part in a campus singing competition.I didn’t 　15　 a prize.If I had not 　16　 this article,I would definitely have felt 　17　 again.But instead,I smiled after the competition.I was happy that at least I had got some stage 　18　. 

　　Life is not just a bed of roses.There are thorns(刺)as well,but these thorns help us become 　19　 and strong.When life 　20　 us a lemon,let’s try to make a lemonade. 

　　(2015·郑州二模)

　　1.A.resulted B.suffered

　　C.survived D.escaped

　　2.A.hope B.wonder

　　C.idea D.doubt

　　3.A.pain B.anxiety

　　C.fear D.pressure

　　4.A.received B.sold

　　C.fixed D.lost

　　5.A.unbelievable B.shameful

　　C.angry D.terrible

　　6.A.diseases B.memories

　　C.incidents D.difficulties

　　7.A.when B.until

　　C.though D.since

　　8.A.lesson B.lemonade

　　C.decision D.challenge

　　9.A.control B.accept

　　C.improve D.avoid

　　10.A.realized B.thought

　　C.discovered D.predicted

　　11.A.healthy B.independent

　　C.serious D.positive

　　12.A.exactly B.differently

　　C.easily D.practically

　　13.A.recovery B.life

　　C.freedom D.happiness

　　14.A.shouting B.hiding

　　C.quarreling D.regretting

　　15.A.expect B.miss

　　C.win D.refuse

　　16.A.figured out B.written down

　　C.found out D.come across

　　17.A.embarrassed B.discouraged

　　C.excited D.concerned

　　18.A.performance B.experience

　　C.progress D.effect

　　19.A.brave B.calm

　　C.great D.clever

　　20.A.shows B.makes

　　C.gives D.sends

　　【文章大意】本文主要以“我”的经历告诉我们应该乐观面对生活中的挫折和不如意。

　　1.B　suffer from“遭受,患……病”。由空后的stroke可知,此处是“患病”之意。

　　2.C　由上文“I felt my whole world turn upside down”可知,这里指“我”不知道能够做些什么。I have no idea意为“我不知道”。

　　3.A　pain“痛苦”;anxiety“焦虑”;fear“恐惧”;pressure“压力”。上文提到母亲接受了脑部手术,故A项符合语境。

　　4.D　根据本段最后的the loss可知,上周“我”丢失了宝贵的手表。

　　5.D　“我”对于这次丢表事件耿耿于怀,几夜不能入睡,故terrible“感到糟糕的”符合语境。

　　6.C　由下文的“such tough things”可知,此处指“我”的生活中还有很多这样的事件。disease“疾病”;memory“记忆”;incident“事件”;difficulty“困难”。

　　7.B　句意:直到我读了美国作家戴尔·卡耐基写的“If You Have a Lemon,Make a Lemonade”这篇文章,我才知道该如何处理这类棘手的事情。not...until...为固定结构,意为“直到……才”。

　　8.A　根据上下文可知,智者应当是问自己可以获得什么样的教训。lesson“教训”。

　　9.C　此处指智者在思考如何改善自己的境况。improve “改善,提高”。

　　10.A　从上文可知,“我”从卡耐基充满睿智的话语中明白(realize)了生活是充满挫折的。

　　11.D　既然“我”已经意识到生活中就是充满挫折的,那么“我”就需要一直保持乐观(positive)。

　　12.B　根据下文的“I should have held...instead of　14　and crying”可知,“我”回想过去时总希望自己对以前的事情有不同的处理方式。 

　　13.A　母亲生病了,所以是“争取康复”。recovery“恢复,痊愈”。

　　14.B　此处hiding 与crying并列,表示“我”当时的不恰当表现,即躲避(hide)现实。

　　15.C　句意:我没有获奖。win a prize“获奖”。

　　16.D　come across“碰巧遇到”,这里指的是碰巧读到这篇文章。

　　17.B　由空后的“But instead,I smiled...”可知,这里指“如果不是已经读过这篇文章的话,‘我’肯定又会感到泄气”。embarrassed“尴尬的”;discouraged“泄气的”;excited“兴奋的”;concerned“担忧的,关心的”。

　　18.B　尽管“我”没有获奖,但是“我”获得了舞台经验(experience)。

　　19.A　句意:生活中的困难会帮助我们变得更加勇敢(brave)和坚强。

　　20.C　 联系上文的“I read ‘If You Have a Lemon,Make a Lemonade’”可知,此处指“如果生活给了我们一个柠檬,那我们就要努力把它变成一杯柠檬汁”。give sb.sth.“给某人某物”。

　　二、七选五阅读填空(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)

　　Dear Seth,

　　You’re only three years old,and at this point in your life you can’t read,much less understand what I’m going to try to tell you in this letter.But someday,when you’re ready,I hope you will find some wisdom and value in what I share with you.

　　Life can be cruel.

　　1　 They’ll tease you or try to hurt you because you’re different. 

　　There’s not much you can do except learning to deal with them and choose friends who are kind to you and who make you feel good about yourself.When you find friends like this,treasure them,spend time with them and love them.

　　Be open to life anyway.

　　Yes,you’ll find cruelty and suffering in your journey through life,but don’t let that close you to new things.Don’t retreat from life,don’t hide or wall yourself off.　2　  

　　Life isn’t a competition.

　　You will meet many people who will try to do better than you in school,in college,at work.To them,life is a competition.

　　But here’s the secret:life isn’t a competition.　3　 Learn to enjoy the journey and make it a journey of happiness,of constant learning,of continual improvement,of love. 

　　4　  

　　If there’s a single word you should live your life by,it should be this:love.It might sound corny,I know,but trust me,there’s no better rule in life.

　　Love not only your loved ones,but your neighbors,your co-workers,strangers,your brothers and sisters in humanity.And most of all,love yourself and learn to love yourself for who you are.

　　5　 You are starting out on an unknown,tiring,scary,but ultimately incredibly wonderful journey,and always remember I will be there for you when I can. 

　　Love,

　　Your dad

　　A.It’s a journey.

　　B.Life is full of love.

　　C.Love should be your rule.

　　D.Finally,know that I love you and always will.

　　E.Last,think that you are a wonderful human being.

　　F.Be open to new things,new experiences,new people.

　　G.There will be people in your life who won’t be very nice.

　　【文章大意】本文是一位父亲写给儿子的信,在信中他和儿子分享了自己的人生智慧和宝贵意见。

　　1.G　根据下文中的“They’ll tease you or try to hurt you”推断,they指代上文提及的充满恶意的人。故G项符合语境。

　　2.F　根据本段主题“Be open to life anyway.”和空前一句话可知,父亲建议孩子不要自闭,要敞开心扉。

　　3.A　根据下文中的“enjoy the journey and make it a journey of...”可知,A项符合语境。

　　4.C　根据下文内容可知,本段是关于love的。C项总领下文,为正确选项。

　　5.D　根据最后一句中的“always remember I will be there for you when I can”可知,D项符合语境。

　　三、短文改错(满分10分)

　　Last weekend we go mountain climbing.Even the heavy rain in the morning could not prevent us going.Set off very early,we went along an extreme narrow road,all in high spirits.On every side of the road was green fields and some farm houses.We could hear the sound of the rain and our footsteps mixing with our laughter.At noon we reached the top of the mountain.That surprised us most there was the beauty of scenes.After having short rest there and sharing with the food we had brought,we started going down.It rained even harder.We were wet to the skin,and we still sang and laughed happily.

　　1.第1句:go→went。文章讲述的是上周末发生的事,需用一般过去时。

　　2.第3句:Set→Setting。句子主语we与set off之间是主动关系,故用V-ing形式作伴随状语。

　　3.第3句:extreme→extremely。修饰形容词narrow需用副词。

　　4.第4句:every→either或each。“在道路的每一边”用either或each。every指三者或三者以上中的每一个,故将every改为either或each。

　　5.第4句:was→were。主语green fields and some farm houses是复数,谓语动词也应用复数形式。

　　6.第5句:mixing→mixed。the sound of the rain and our footsteps和动词mix是被动关系,故用过去分词作宾语补足语。

　　7.第7句:That→What。...surprised us most there是主语从句,表示最让我们吃惊的内容,应用what来引导。

　　8.第8句:在having后加a。have a short rest是固定短语,意为“休息片刻”。

　　9.第8句:删除with。share是及物动词,后面直接加宾语。

　　10.第10句:and→but。上句表示“我们全身都湿了”,下句表示“我们仍然欢歌笑语”,前后是转折关系,故用but连接。