2017届高考英语牛津译林版一轮写作能力提升课件：第15讲 如何写议论文

　　译林卷区版

　　英语 第15讲　如何写议论文 一、魔法导航 1.明确论点 论点是议论文的灵魂和统帅。但要注意一篇议论文只有一个中心论点,有时 可以有分论点。论点应鲜明、准确、概括,而不可模棱两可。 2.选用恰当的论据 论据是用来证明论点的材料,有事实论据和理论论据两种。论据必须围绕中 心论点而展开。另外,论据还必须具有典型性,其表述要精要,只要表述出与论 点相关的内容即可。 3.确定合理的论证角度 论证是议论文写作的重要环节,其基本类型有立论和驳论两种。立论从正面 论述,驳论从反面论述。 ——思维缜密,论证有力 4.明确写作思路 在高中阶段“引入问题——分析问题——解决问题”是最常用的写作思路, 有时还可根据需要在文章的结尾强化论点或给出推论,所以“总——分—— 总”式结构是议论文最常用的写作思路。 5.灵活运用论证方法 例证法(用典型事例作论据来证明论点)、对比论证(这种方法可以增强论证的 鲜明性)、反证法(从反面论证自己的观点的合理性)、引证法(引用名人名言 等)是最常用的论证方法,同学们应熟练掌握。 二、常用句式 (1)Opinions on...vary from person to person. (2)People take different views on this question. (3)Some people are in favor of/for/against the idea that... (4)Some people believe that...Others argue that... (5)On the other hand,...people object that... (6)As far as I am concerned/In my view/Personally speaking... (7)As is vividly described in the picture above... (8)According to the pictures above,we can see that... (9)It's obvious that... (10)Only in this way can we... (11)It's high time that... 三、典题示例  真题在线 (2017福建) 孩子的成长和教育是社会热议的话题,现今父母包揽一切、孩子过度依赖等 现象十分严重。请阅读下面的漫画,按要求用英文写一篇短文。 内容要求: 1.描述漫画内容; 2.分析漫画所揭示的问题; 3.提出你的看法。 　      注意: 1.短文开头已给出,不计入总词数; 2.考生可适当发挥,使文章内容充实、连贯; 3.词数120左右; 4.文中不能出现考生的具体信息。 参考词汇:铺路pave the way From the picture we can see a family of three walking on a long red carpet.    

　　    审题谋篇 文章体裁 议论文 中心人称 第三人称 主体时态 一般现在时 要点 布局 第一段:描述漫画的主要内容(the child, the father and the mother)。 第二段:分析漫画所揭示的问题。  

　　第三段:提出自己的看法。 1.过度保护孩子的危害; 2.提出解决问题的建议。 考场作文: From the picture we can see a family of three walking on a long red carpet. The well-dressed boy walks proudly and looks very ①relaxing. However, his mother is paving the way for him. Meanwhile, his father is walking behind him, holding his jacket to prevent him from ②hurt-ing.

　　As we all know, most Chinese parents are overprotecting their children. It's typical of them to give their children ③that they want. It does great harm to their development and growth.

　　Personally, parents should give their children plenty of space where they can improve their a-bility to live on their own. It's a must for them to adapt to the society and live a happy life in the future.

　　文章提升: 1.修改错误: 1)“人感到……”应使用-ed形容词,故应将① relaxing改为    。 2)hurt与him(指代孩子)构成被动关系,故应将 ②hurting改为    。 3)that引导宾语从句既不在从句中担当句子成 分,也没有任何意义,故将③that改为    。 2.提升建议: 将画线部分变成主从复合句:     　      阅卷现场 参考范文: From the picture we can see a family of three walking on a long red carpet. The son, well dressed, waves proudly in the middle while the father behind bends forward to hold the jacket and the mother in front rolls out the carpet, sweating. It shows a common phenomenon nowadays that children are the focus of families, shouldering the hope of their parents. Parents arrange everything for their children and spare no effort to pave the way for their success. As a consequence, children become so reliant on their parents that they have no independent thought or creative ideas. Such a situation is of great concern. In my opinion, overprotection and too much care are extreme- ly bad for children's development. Instead of doing everything for them, parents should encourage their children to overcome difficulties and inspire them to develop by themselves. Only in this way can they grow up to be independent and become truly successful.  答案 1.修改错误:1)relaxed　2)being hurt　3)whatever

　　2.提升建议:It's typical of them to give their children whatever they want, which does great harm to their development and growth.

　　四、高分秀场 (2015江西九江高三二模) 近年来,微信(WeChat)成为了人们日常生活中必不可少的通讯工具,尤其在今 年春节期间,“微信抢红包热”(Red envelop fever)风靡全国。请对这一现象 写一篇100词左右的短文,内容包括以下几点: 1.使用微信的利与弊。 2.自己的看法和建议。 [我来试写] In recent years,WeChat is becoming increasingly popular.    

　　   答案 One possible version: In recent years ,WeChat is becoming increasingly popular.“Red envelop”fever has swept the country especially during this Spring Festival. There are many reasons for WeChat to be known.To begin with,WeChat is a rela- tively cheap way of communication,which cuts down the cost of making a phone call.Next,WeChat is to the taste of the majority of people with its various func- tions,and it is available everywhere at any time. However,problems also exist.Firstly,our identity can be revealed and we can be in trouble. Moreover,it may make communicating with others face to face less.Final- ly,our attention might be drawn too much to focus on study. There is an doubt that WeChat will improve as time goes by.