2017届重庆市高考英语一轮复习阅读理解选编精练：36（含解析）

　　重庆市2017高考英语阅读理解选编（36）（附解析）

　　阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。

　　(2017·哈尔滨市质检，B)

　　Bursting into the classroom from recess (课间休息), 15 children take their seats and face the

　　woman they know as Ms. Yang.

　　“What day is it today？” she asks, in Mandarin Chinese (普通话)．

　　“Confucius' birthday！” the fifth graders shout in Mandarin.

　　“Why do we celebrate Confucius' birthday？”

　　“Because he's the greatest teacher in the history of China！” exclaims a brownhaired girl.

　　She is speaking Mandarin.

　　English is rarely heard in Lisa Yang's class at the Chinese American International School

　　(CAIS), despite the fact that few students are native speakers of Mandarin.

　　The United States is actively trying to increase the group of students in “critical languages”

　　such as Mandarin. The students at CAIS are way ahead in such a trend.

　　Founded 25 years ago, this small private school in San Francisco, USA, does what few other American schools do: It produces fully fluent speakers of Mandarin Chinese, by far the most

　　commonly spoken language in the world.

　　Mandarin Chinese is suddenly hot in American schools.

　　As China becomes the world's

　　leading economy sometimes this century, schools in the U. S. are scrambling to add Mandarin to

　　their list of foreign languages or expand Chinese programs already in place.

　　?It really is almost unprecedented (无前例的). People are looking at China as a force to be reckoned with... And to ensure that the U. S. has the ability to conduct trade, and to work with the Chinese, certainly having an understanding of Chinese language and culture is an advantage，” said Marty Abbott of the American Council on the Teaching of Foreign Languages(ACTFL)．

　　To develop Chineselanguage programs has not been smooth. A shortage of trained teachers

　　has made it difficult for some schools to join the race. When schools do get teachers, they often

　　hire them straight from China, and the teachers usually suffer culture shock when they come to the U. S.

　　Robert Liu remembers his first two years in an American classroom.

　　It was not an easy adjustment. ?In China, students respect their teachers，” he said.

　　Liu found that American students, however, expect an active teaching style. He had to use games to engage them rather than lectures.

　　To avoid many of the problems with foreign teaching styles, the CAIS has been working with the Chinese government to improve training of teachers who are sent to the U. S.

　　文章大意：本文为一篇说明文。随着中国经济地位的增长，美国的很多学校掀起了学习汉语的热潮。

　　1．Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?

　　A．Understanding Chinese language and culture is helpful to work with Chinese.

　　B．Chineselanguage programs have met trouble during the development.

　　C．Many other American schools do the same as CAIS, founded 25 years ago.

　　D．A lack of trained Mandarin Chinese teachers is a problem for the programs.

　　答案：C　推理判断题。根据文章第八段第一句“Founded 25 years ago, this small private school in San Francisco, USA, does what few other American schools do...”可知，C项中“Many other American schools”表述错误。故答案选C。

　　2．What kind of problem is the most difficult to adjust in teaching Chinese in America?

　　A．To adapt themselves to the American life styles.

　　B．To communicate with the American students.

　　C．To get along well with the American students.

　　D．To be fit for the cultural differences in teaching styles.

　　答案：D　推理判断题。根据倒数第三段最后一句中的“the teachers usually suffer culture shock when they come to the U. S．”和倒数第二段内容可知，中国老师到美国任教时，遭遇到的最大问题就是文化冲击，由于教学风格的不同，老师们需要做出很大的调整。故答案选D。

　　3．The meaning of the underlined word “scrambling” is similar to

　　________.

　　A．climbing

　　B．rushing

　　C．changing

　　D．beating

　　答案：B　词义猜测题。根据第九段画线词上下句内容可知，画线词所在句的句意为：由于中国将会成为本世纪领先的经济体，很多美国学校正在加紧将普通话列入他们的外语名单当中或扩大现在已有的汉语项目。因此，画线词应为“加速，加紧”之意，故答案选B。

　　4．It can be learned from the passage that ________.

　　A．the students in Lisa Yang's class usually speak Chinese

　　B．there are few American students in Lisa Yang's class

　　C．we celebrate Confucius' birthday because he's the greatest history teacher

　　D．in America the students don't respect their teachers

　　答案：A　细节理解题。根据第六段中“English is rarely heard in Lisa Yang's class...”可知，在杨老师的课堂上很少用英语。A项表述正确。故答案选A。根据第五段的内容可知，C项错误；B、D两项在原文中没有涉及。故排除。

　　阅读理解2017·山东省实验中学一模Depression (抑郁症) is a serious problem today.Depression causes workers to be unproductive，causing companies and countries to lose billions of dollars.One expert says that depression is like cancer because it is “widespread，costly and deadly”．Depression hits one person in five around the world.

　　Although people have believed depression to be a problem among the rich and educated，studies show that depression is a problem among everyone.Over any six­month period，between five to seven percent of the world’s population will be suffering from a serious depression.Suicide rates among people suffering from the disease in its extreme，or clinical form were 80 percent higher than in the population at large，and sufferers were four times more likely to have heart attacks.People who suffer from depression often have problems sleeping，getting up on time，and doing work productively.

　　Depression，which researchers agree has its origin in the genes，brings loss of confidence and ability to concentrate—making it impossible for employees and managers to work efficiently.

　　Depression is made more serious in China by Chinese’s inability to face it.Many people believe that depressed people are either weak or lazy.Besides，there is no good treatment，with few specialists available.“Most patients in China just don’t get help，”a Chinese doctor says.“In my hospital，I have to see 30 or 40 patients in a morning，just have time to say ‘Hello，how do you feel？’”

　　In Western countries，people are not afraid to admit that they have depression，but most do not tell it to their boss，because they fear that they will be stricken_off_the_rolls.“In my experience，aging bosses are the most willing to admit they have it.Because they feel the most secure about themselves，” an American doctor says.

　　Hopefully，in the near future，people around the world will be able to admit that they have depression so that they can get the right treatment.

　　1．Which of the following is true according to the passage?

　　A．It is widely believed that everyone may suffer from depression.

　　B．Depression brings great problems to its sufferers in their life and work.

　　C．Depression is a commonly­existing problem only in rich countries.

　　D．The poorer and the less educated a person is，the less he will suffer from depression.

　　2．Compared to normal people，the depressed people are likely to be________.

　　A．very unconfident and often absent­minded

　　B．easy to avoid being hit by heart attacks

　　C．working efficiently and productively

　　D．either weak or lazy

　　3．Depression becomes more serious in China because of________.

　　A．the understanding of the problem

　　B．the lack of treatment and doctors

　　C．their unwillingness to tell it to their boss

　　D．the doctors’ careless work

　　4．What can we infer from the passage?

　　A．People are suffering from depression because of the shortage of specialists.

　　B．The aging bosses around the world dare to say they are depressed.

　　C．More and more patients will turn to specialists for help.

　　D．Western people are braver than Chinese people.

　　5．What does the underlined words in the 5th paragraph mean?

　　A．Hired.B．Dismissed.

　　C．Promoted.D．Recommended.

　　语篇解读　本文是一篇科普类说明文。抑郁症已经成为威胁人们正常生活和工作的一个重要的疾病形式，人们应正确地面对抑郁症。

　　1．解析：　细节理解题。根据文章第二段最后一句“People who suffer from depression often have problems sleeping，getting up on time，and doing work productively.”可知，答案B符合文意。

　　答案：　B

　　2．解析：　细节理解题。根据文章第三段“...brings loss of confidence and ability to concentrate—making it impossible for...”可知，答案A符合文意。

　　答案：　A

　　3．解析：　细节理解题。根据文章第四段第一句和第三句“Besides，there is no good treatment，with few specialists available.”可知，抑郁症在中国更严重一方面是因为人们不能正视这个事实，另一方面是由于缺少专家和较好的治疗。

　　答案：　B

　　4．解析：　推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Hopefully，in the near future，people around the world will be able to admit that they have depression so that they can get the right treatment.”可推知，将会有越来越多的人向专家求助，故答案C正确。

　　答案：　C

　　5．解析：　词义猜测题。根据对文章第三段的整体理解可以推知，员工一旦把自己抑郁的情况告诉老板，老板有可能会由于抑郁能使人没有自信或不能够集中工作而辞退员工。故stricken off the rolls与dismissed的意思最为接近。

　　答案：　B阅读下列材料，从每题所给的选项中选出最佳选项。Life is to be enjoyed.There's no point in giving up something you enjoy unless you get something back that's even better.When people eat more healthfully, exercise, quit smoking, and manage stress better, they find that they feel so much better that it reconstructs the reason for making these changes from fear of dying to joy of living.The latest studies show that when you exercise and eat right：

　　YOUR BRAIN receives more blood flow and oxygen, so you become smarter, think more clearly, have more energy, and need less sleep.Two studies showed that just walking for three hours per week for only three months caused so many new neurons to grow that it actually increased the size of people's brains!

　　YOUR FACE receives more blood flow, so your__skin__glows more and wrinkle less.You look younger and more attractive.In contrast, an unhealthy diet, chronic emotional stress and smoking reduce blood flow to your face so you age more quickly.Smoking accelerates aging because nicotine causes your arteries to narrow down, which decreases blood flow to your face and makes it wrinkle earlier.This is why smokers look years older than they really are.

　　YOUR GENES change.In May, a study was published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences showing that changing your lifestyle changes your genes.

　　YOUR TELOMERES (染色体端粒) get longer.Telomeres are the ends of our chromosomes (染色体) that control how long we live.As telomeres become shorter, then cells age more quickly, thus shortening your life.

　　Besides, one of the most interesting findings in the study was that the mothers' awareness of stress was more important than what was really occurring in their lives.The researchers gave the women a questionnaire and asked them to rate on a three－point scale how stressed they felt each day, and how out of control their lives felt to them.The women who were aware that they were under heavy stress had significantly shortened and damaged telomeres compared with those who felt more relaxed.On the contrary, some of the women who felt relaxed despite raising a disabled child had more normal－appearing telomeres.

　　In other words, if you feel stressed, you are stressed; if you feel fine, you are fine.

　　【语篇解读】　本文主要讲述了健康的饮食，积极锻炼以及其他因素给我们身体各方面带来的影响。

　　1．Which of the following are good for lengthening one's life, according to the passage?

　　①eat healthy food　②drink plenty of water　③take exercise　④get up early　⑤go to sleep early　⑥release one's stress

　　A．①③⑥

　　B．①②③C．①⑤⑥

　　D．③④⑥

　　答案　A　

　　．The underlined words “your skin glows” in Paragraph 3 are closest in meaning to ________．

　　A．your skin becomes white as there is plenty of sunshine

　　B．your skin becomes smooth as there is much blood in it

　　C．your skin looks pink as you are healthy

　　D．your skin becomes soft as you exercise enough

　　答案　C　

　　．In the author's opinion, when you exercise and eat right, you will experience some changes EXCEPT ________．

　　A．brains becoming cleverer

　　B．faces having fewer wrinkles

　　C．arteries turning narrower

　　D．genes being changed

　　答案　C　

　　．From the last but one paragraph we learn that ________．

　　A．mothers will have more damaged telomeres if they raise a disabled child

　　B．mothers don't know how to handle stress effectively

　　C．some women were asked to fill out a questionnaire about educating children

　　D．mothers' positive attitudes are the key to managing their stress

　　答案　D　

　　5．The best title for the passage would be ________．

　　A．Eat better, live better

　　B．Feel better, live longer

　　C．Less stress, fewer diseases

　　D．Smoke more, age sooner

　　答案　B　

　　（由2017·湖南卷A改编）

　　Want to improve your writing skills? New Writing South is directing the way!

　　·Towner Writer Squad (班组）for kids aged 13-17

　　Led by comedy and TV writer, Marian Kilpatrick, Towner Writer Squad will meet once a month at the contemporary art museum for 11 months, starting 12 October, 2017.

　　The FREE squad sessions will include introductions to a wide range of writing styles, from poetry to play writing and lyrics (抒情诗）to flash fiction, to support the development of young writers.

　　Application & Selection

　　If you would like to apply to be part of the Towner Writer Squad, please send a sample piece of your writing (about 500 words), responding to the title‘LUNCH,’with your name, age, address and e-mail address to: debo@newwritingsouth.com.

　　Once all applications are in, you will be invited to an open selection event on 17 September，4-5pm, at the gallery of Towner. This will be an informal opportunity to meet the Squad Leader, Squad Associate and other young people.

　　You will also have a chance to get to know the fantastic gallery space and get a taste of what’s to come.

　　Deadline for applications: 8 September, 2017

　　For further information go to: facebook.com/towner or towner.org.uk or newwritingsouth.com

　　Any questions 一 feel free to send your e-mail to Towner Writer Squad Associate: whame@towner.gov.uk

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　　·Beginner Writing Project for kids aged 10-13

　　Due to popular demand, a writing project will be started for eager beginners.

　　Start time: 6 September, 2017

　　Meet every other Saturday，2-4pm, at the Towner Study Centre.

　　Study and write at your own pace 一 you do not have to rush 一 as you have a year to go through the project. Practise under the guidance of some experienced writers and teachers who can help you with basic writing skills. Most importantly, build confidence and have fun while writing!

　　No previous experience or special background is required. Many others have been successful this way. If they can do it, why can’t you?

　　Fee: £179

　　For more information go to: newtowner.org.uk or generate.org.uk

　　1. Towner Writer Squad will be started _______.

　　A.to train comedy and TV writers

　　B.to explore the fantastic gallery space

　　C.to introduce a contemporary art museum

　　D.to promote the development of young writers

　　2. To join the Writer Squad，each applicant should first _______.

　　A.provide a piece of their writing

　　B.meet the Writer Squad Leader

　　C.offer their family information

　　D.complete an application form

　　3. Applications for the Writer Squad should be e-mailed no later than _______.

　　A. 6 September, 2017

　　B. 8 September, 2017

　　C. 17 September, 2017

　　D. 12 October, 2017

　　4. What is most important for the beginners?

　　A. Practising as much as possible.

　　B. Gaining confidence and having fun.

　　C. Studying and writing at their own pace.

　　D. Learning skills from writers and teachers.

　　5. More information about Beginner Writing Project can be found at _______.

　　A. facebook.com/towner

　　B.newwritingsouth.com

　　C. newtowner.org.uk

　　D. towner.org.uk

　　文章大意：本文叙述了两个想要提高写作技能的培训班以及这两个培训班的具体要求和收费等其他的信息。

　　1. D。细节题。本题考察细节，A项是对Tower Writer Square的错误理解。在第一行中只是提及这个活动是有comedy and TV writer组织的，并不是说这个活动就是为了培养comedy and TV writer。B项只是这个活动的一个附加部分。C项不是这个活动目的。根据第一则广告第二段最后一句to support the development of young writers。说明这个活动的目的是促进青年作家的发展。故D正确。

　　2. A。细节题。根据第一则广告第三段2,3行please send a sample piece of your writing。可知要想参加这个活动，需要先提供自己的一个作品。BCD三项都不是必须的条件。故A正确。

　　3. B。细节题。根据第一则广告中Deadline for applicantions:8 September 2017可知申请时间 是2017年9月8日。可知申请者要申请不要晚于9月8日。故B正确。

　　4. B。细节题。根据第二则广告中Most importantly , build confidence and have fun while writing。可知作者认为对于刚刚开始的人来说，最重要的是要有信心和开心。

　　5. C。细节题。根据本广告最后一句For more information go to: newtowner.org.uk or generate.org.uk可知要想得到第二则广告的更多信息，请登录这个网站。故C正确。