2017届重庆市高考英语一轮复习阅读理解选编精练：84（含解析）

　　重庆市2017高考英语阅读理解选编（84）（附解析）

　　【2016高考模拟题】阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A.B.C和D项中，选出最佳选项。

　　Tony Morrison has won this year’s Nobel Prize for Literature. Tony Morrison is sixty-two years old. She was born in Lorain, Ohio. She is the daughter of farmers who moved to Ohio from the southern state of Alabama. She studied at Harvard University in Washington D.C. and Cornell University in Ithaca, New York.

　　Her first success came in 1970 with the book called The Bluest Eye. It tells the story of a young black girl in a society where golden hair and blue eyes are considered beautiful. Her next book was called Sulla. It tells the story of two black girls and pain in their lives as they grow up in a small town in Ohio. Her book The Song of Solomon is about a black man who tries to forget his past as a slave and begin a new life. And Tar Baby explores the relationship of a black man and a black woman. In the story the writer argues that black men and women can not get along with each other until they join together to fight racial hatred(种族仇视).

　　Miss Morrison won America’s highest prize for literature, the Pulitzer Prize in 1988 for her book Beloved .It is a powerful story of a slave woman who kills her baby daughter so she will not grow up to be a slave, too. Her latest book Jazz was published last year. It tells about the sad stories in the lives of a black man and woman who moved from a small town in the south to New York City. It took place in the 1920s,a time when Jazz music became popular in America.

　　Tony Morrison is a professor in literature at Princeton University in New Jersey. She says the most wonderful thing about winning the Nobel Prize is that it has finally been awarded to an African American writer. The prize is valued at more than 800 000 dollars. It will be awarded on Dec.10 in Stockholm in Sweden.

　　1. From the passage, we can see_________.

　　A. Morrison is the first woman writer to win the Nobel Prize

　　B. The Bluest Eye tells the story of two black girls

　　C. the Blacks lived a hard life

　　D. Morrison studied at Cornell University and is now still working there

　　2. Morrison has been awarded the Nobel Prize perhaps because_________.

　　A. she is an important professor in literature

　　B. her books are widely read

　　C. what she has written attracted people’s attention to the Blacks’ life

　　D. she mostly writes about the black women

　　3. How many books she has written are mentioned in the passage?

　　A. Five.

　　B. Six.

　　C. Seven.

　　D. Eight.

　　4. Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage?

　　A. Morrison’s father once lived in Alabama.

　　B. When jazz was popular in the United States.

　　C. When her ancestors first came to the U.S.

　　D .When and where the Nobel Prize will be given to her.

　　这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了Morrison的经历以及她的作品所产生的效应。

　　1. C。 细节理解题。根据Morrison所写的所有书的介绍,黑人们都过着艰难的生活。

　　2. C。 细节理解题。根据Morrison所著书中的黑人都有着悲惨的命运,可推知她的书所产生的效应。

　　3. B。 细节理解题。文中总共提到了六本她写的书。

　　4. C。 细节理解题。选项A、B、D分别可在文章第一段、第三段、第四段找到依据。

　　阅读理解Linus Pauling, the only person who has won two undivided Nobel Prizes, was born in Portland, Oregon. He attended Washington High School but because of an unimportant detail he did not receive his diploma until 1962, long after he had received his Bachelor’s degree in chemical engineering from Oregon State College in 1922. He had chosen to study his major because he could get a good job with it.

　　He won the Nobel Prize for Chemistry in 1954 for his research into the nature of the chemical bond and its application to the explanation of the structure of complex substances. His interest in the“behavior”of molecules(分子)led him from physical chemistry to biological chemistry, especially of the human body. He began with proteins and their main parts, the amino acids(氨基酸), which are called the“building blocks of life”. In 1950, he constructed the first satisfactory model of a protein molecule, a discovery very important to the understanding of the living cell.

　　During World WarⅡ, Pauling was a member of the Research Board for National Security, for which he was awarded the Presidential Medal of Merit in 1948. However, the use of the atomic bomb near the end of the war turned Pauling in a new direction. Having long worked on the structure of molecules, he took an immediate interest in the deadly effects of nuclear fallout on human molecular structures.

　　From then on, Pauling protested the production of the hydrogen bombs and supported the prevention of the spread of nuclear weapons. Through his efforts, The Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty, declaring all nuclear tests to be illegal except underground ones, came into effect on October 10, 1963, the same day Linus Pauling was awarded the Nobel Prize for Peace.

　　【文章大意】本文主要介绍了Linus Pauling一生的成就及其对世界所做出的杰出贡献。他是唯一一位两度独立获诺贝尔奖的科学家。

　　1. From the first paragraph, we learn that Linus Pauling　.

　　A. didn’t study hard while in Washington High School

　　B. is the only scientist who has won two Nobel Prizes

　　C. was once badly treated in Washington High School

　　D. chose to study chemical engineering to earn his living

　　【解析】选D。细节理解题。从第一段最后一句话“He had chosen to study his major because he could get a good job with it. ”可以得出正确答案为D选项。

　　2. Which of the following things did Pauling pay much attention to at first?

　　A. The“behavior”of molecules.

　　B. Physical chemistry.

　　C. Biological chemistry.

　　D. The human body.

　　【解析】选B。推理判断题。从第二段第二句话“His interest in the‘behavior’of molecules led him from physical chemistry to biological chemistry, especially of the human body. ”我们可以看出, Pauling的兴趣发生了变化, 从physical chemistry转到了biological chemistry上, 所以正确答案为B选项。

　　3. During World WarⅡ, Linus Pauling　.

　　A. had to stop his research because of the war

　　B. made great contributions to the safety of the country

　　C. joined the army to fight for the safety of the country

　　D. took part in researching nuclear bombs

　　【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第三段第一句话“During World WarⅡ, Pauling was a member of the Research Board for National Security, for which he was awarded the Presidential Medal of Merit in 1948. ”可以得出正确答案为B选项。

　　4. The main idea of the passage is to show　.

　　A. Linus Pauling’s attitude towards nuclear weapons

　　B. Linus Pauling’s contributions to the world

　　C. Linus Pauling’s research on the structure of molecules

　　D. Linus Pauling’s getting the Nobel Prize for Peace

　　【解析】选B。主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了Linus Pauling一生的成就及其对世界的贡献, 所以应该选择B选项。

　　【长春市普通高中2016届高三质量监测（二）]D

　　阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。The Oldies but Goodies jazz band will perform romantic music for Valentine’s Day. The band’s repertoire (常备节目) includes jazz music of the 1950s~1960s, domestic and overseas folk songs and pop songs. Programs of the latest concert include Moon River, Autumn Whisper, Butterfly Lovers, Love Story, Rosy Life, My Heart Will Go On and A Night at Moscow’s Suburb.

　　7:30 pm, Feb 14

　　China National Library Concert Hall, 33 Zhongguancun Nandaji, Haidian district

　　010-6848-5462

　　The China National Symphony Orchestra will put on a concert named Romantic Early Spring. On the performance list are Tonight Unforgettable, In Memory, Beautiful Legend, I Hope You’ll Come back and This is Love.

　　7:30 pm, Feb 14

　　Beijing Concert Hall, 1 Xicheng district

　　010-6605-7006

　　International cello (大提琴) master Yo-Yo Ma will perform in Guangzhou. The Grammy winner, who is popular in both the East and West, will play Mark O’Connor’s Appalachia Waltz, Ahmed Adnan Saygun’s Partita and Bach’s Suite No. 1 and Suite No. 2.

　　7 pm, Jan 26

　　Symphony Hall, Xinghai Concert Hall, 33 Qingbo Lu, Ersha Island

　　020-8737-2222

　　The concert for children will feature famous Russian composer Sergey Prokofiev’s masterpiece, Peter and the Wolf. It is a children’s story (with both music and text by Prokofiev), spoken by a narrator accompanied by the orchestra. Children with tickets to the concert will also get free admission to two forums featuring the musical and Sergey Prokofiev.

　　8 pm, Feb 8

　　Chamber Hall, Xinghai Concert Hall, 33 Qingbo Lu, Ersha Island

　　020-8738-2223

　　1. Jack is fond of pop music and he would most probably choose to go to __________.

　　A. China National Library Concert Hall

　　B. Symphony Hall, Xinghai Concert Hall

　　C. Chamber Hall, Xinghai Concert Hall

　　D. Beijing Concert Hall

　　2. Mary is a great fan of Bach and for more information she can dial __________.

　　A. 010-6848-5462

　　B. 010-6605-7006

　　C. 020-8737-2222

　　D. 020-8738-2223

　　3. What is special about the last concert?

　　A. You can enjoy different kinds of music.

　　B. You can enjoy both music and story.

　　C. Children can attend it free of charge.

　　D. It will be performed by an international master.

　　D篇：【语篇解读】本文是一则广告，属应用文，介绍了四场各具特色的音乐会。读者可

　　以根据介绍的信息选择自己喜欢的音乐会。

　　1.A【命题立意】推理判断题。考查考生对具体信息的理解和推理判断能力。

　　【试题解析】第一则广告介绍的音乐会是有关流行音乐的，符合Jack的爱好。

　　2.C【命题立意】细节理解题。考查考生对具体信息的理解和提取能力。

　　【试题解析】第三则广告提到Yo-Yo Ma 将演奏Bach 的作品.

　　3.B【命题立意】细节理解题。考查考生对具体信息的理解和提取能力。

　　【试题解析】根据第四则广告的介绍可知，该场音乐会节目的特色是将音乐与故事

　　融合在一起。

　　【2016高考练习】

　　阅读理解。阅读下面短文，选择最佳答案填空。

　　When the seventeenth-century settlers brought the English language to America,they immediately and necessarily began to adapt(使适应)it to their new environment.These changes were clear early and criticized by some people on both sides of the Atlantic.However,after the Revolution,Americans began to be proud of their own form of English.Noah Webster was the major early supporter of American meanings and spellings over British ones and published the earliest American dictionary,An American Dictionary of the English Language.During the years since Webster,language differences have continued to develop,proving(证明)the truth of George Bernard Shaw’s often-repeated words that the two nations are divided by a common language.

　　Like the American language,the earliest American literature(文学)copied English models.However,after the Revolution and the War of 1812,writers began to create a clear American literature.However,in 1820,Sydney Smith asked the famous question “Who reads an American book?”

　　Answering to this and similar taunts(讽刺)with creative anger,American writers soon produced works that plenty of British people read.Works by Washington Irving,Walt Whitman,and Mark Twain had been acclaimed greatly in Britain by the end of the nineteenth century.

　　Even as American writers got respect in Britain,British writers continued to have great influence in America.Charles Dickens went to America twice,in 1842 and 1867—1868.Other major British writers who traveled and lived in the United States include D.H.Lawrence and Aldous Huxley.British best works continue to be widely read.The works of William Shakespeare and Jane Austen became popular films.

　　At the turn of the twenty-first century,many books and writers continue to cross the Atlantic in both directions — made possible by the proud heritage(继承)of the shared language.

　　【文章大意】美国人和英国人使用相同的语言。起初英国人看不起美国人写的书,后来美国独立后,一些美国作家写的文学作品深受英国人的欢迎,同时英国一些作家的作品也在美国人中广泛阅读。

　　1.The author of this passage seems to think 　. 

　　A.British English is better than American English

　　B.American English is better than British English

　　C.the same language has divided the two nations

　　D.the same language has connected the two nations

　　解析:推理判断题。由最后一段“made possible by the proud heritage(继承)of the shared language”可知,因为语言相同使得美国人和英国人联系交流起来。

　　答案:D

　　2.From the question asked by Sydney Smith,we can infer that 　. 

　　A.the British had to translate American books into English ones

　　B.the British found American books difficult to understand

　　C.the British thought highly of books written by Americans

　　D.the British looked down upon American books at first

　　解析:细节理解题。由第三段“Answering to this and similar taunts(讽刺)with creative anger...”可知,英国人起初看不起美国人编写的书。

　　答案:D

　　3.The underlined word “acclaimed” in Paragraph 3 probably means “　”. 

　　A.soldB.discussed

　　C.welcomed D.refused

　　解析:词义理解题。根据“...American writers soon produced works that plenty of British people read.”可知,美国作家很快创作出英国人阅读的作品。后面列举了Washington Irving,Walt Whitman,and Mark Twain等名人的作品,很显然是受英国人欢迎的。

　　答案:C