2017年高考英语一轮复习讲练测：必修3.4 Astronmy the science of the stars.（练）（解析版）

　　人教版2017届高三一轮英语复习资料

　　必修3 Unit 4 Astronomy

　　the science of the stars

　　Ⅰ.词义辨析

　　1．______ began our new lesson.

　　A. But 　

　　B. Such

　　C. Thus 　

　　D. So that

　　2．See the model ship ____in the pool? That’s what my father made for me last weekend.

　　A. float

　　B. floating

　　C. floated

　　D. to float

　　3．The new method he suggested sounded good in_______,but is not practical in use.

　　A. opinion   

　　B. policy    

　　C. theory    

　　D. principle

　　4．We should try our best to __________those people after the disaster.

　　A. break out

　　B. cheer up

　　C. break up

　　D. cheer on

　　5．On the ground on some hay, ___ a peasant boy of not more than seventeen.

　　A, lie

　　B. lying

　　C. lay

　　D. laid

　　6．Do ______ the cars on your way to school.

　　A. watch out

　　B. watch out for

　　C. watch

　　D. watch for

　　7．Phillip, can you see something red _____ in the distance on the water?

　　A. Floated

　　B. float

　　C. being float

　　D. floating

　　8．Use an umbrella to _____ you from the rain.

　　A. stop

　　B. prevent

　　

　　C. keep

　　D. protect

　　9．The current political _____ of our country is favorable for foreign investments.

　　A. climate   

　　B. weather   

　　C. state   

　　D. occasion

　　10．Thinking that the students were having an evening class, the teacher left the classroom, _____.

　　A. slowly and gentle

　　B. slowly and gently

　　C. slow and gentle

　　D. slow and gently

　　【答案】CBCBC

　　BDBAB

　　Ⅱ. 动词时态和语态专练

　　1．(2016·南京市模拟)—How is your sister?

　　—She ________ (feel)quite good after the operation，but she is taking a turn for the worse today.

　　2．(2016·南通、扬州、连云港二次调研)—What’s the result of the basketball match?

　　—You see，the rain ________ (ruin)it and the second half is put off till next PE class.

　　3．(2016·苏、锡、常、镇四市调研一)—Hi，Peter.Why didn’t you go to the cinema last night?

　　—I ________ (watch)the popular show Dad，where are we going？with my family.

　　4．(2016·南通市二模)—Have you brought the photo of your family?

　　—Yes，I ________ (look for)it the whole morning.

　　5．(2016·浙江余姚中学质检)—Does your brother serve in the army?

　　—No，not now.But he ________ (serve)in the army for 8 years.

　　6．(2016·金华十校模拟)This glass ________ (break)easily，so please put a “Handle with Care” sticker on the box before you mail it.

　　7．(2016·宁波市十校联考)The nationwide smog serves as a constant reminder，indicating that it’s high time we ________ (reflect)on ourselves.

　　8．(2016·绍兴市模拟)I first read the fashion magazine over a decade ago and ________ (subscribe)to it since.

　　9．(2016·绍兴市英语测试)Reminded that her family would move out of the familiar neighborhood，the little girl ________ (shake)from head to toe the whole night.

　　10．(2016·杭州地区七校三次质检)A recent research shows that there ________ (be)volcanic activities on the moon and Mars.However，they no longer exist now.

　　【答案解析】

　　1．felt　

　　2．ruined　

　　3．was watching　

　　4．looked for　

　　5．served　

　　6．breaks　

　　7．reflected　

　　8．have subscribed　

　　9．was shaking　

　　10．were　

　　.短语填空

　　watch out

　　block out

　　now that

　　cheer up

　　be harmful to

　　in turn

　　pull through

　　pick up

　　go ahead

　　break out

　　1．Firemen said the fire was under control, but they warned that the change in the weather might ______ new fires.

　　2．--- _______ for the glass.

　　---It’s OK.I ‘m wearing shoes

　　3．_____Tom has no interest in piano, there is no point pushing him to learn it．

　　4．Try and__________ a bit; life isn’t that bad!

　　5．Stressful environment leads to unhealthy behaviors such as poor eating habits, which _____ increase the risk of heart disease.

　　6. We hope that she will _____soon.

　　7．Trains stop here in order to _____ passengers only.

　　8．—May I use your computer?

　　—Sure, _____________

　　9．Reading in the sun ________to your eyes.

　　10．That wall________ all the light.

　　【答案】(1)break out

　　(2)watch out

　　(3) Now that (4) cheer up

　　(5)in turn

　　(6)pull through

　　(7)pick up

　　(8)go ahead

　　(9)is harmful to

　　(10) blocks out

　　IV.完成句子

　　1．He_____________ (放好桌子)and went out ．(lie)

　　laid the table

　　2．We must do what we can to ______________________ (防止河流污染)．(prevent)

　　prevent the river from being polluted

　　3． _____________________ , you might as well make full use of it.(既然你有好机会)．(now that)

　　Now that you have a good chance

　　V.模仿造句

　　1．What many scientists believe is that the continued presence of water allowed the earth to dissolve harmful gases and acids into the oceans and seas.

　　造成这次意外的是的他过于粗心。

　　______________________________________________________

　　What caused the accident is that he was too careless.

　　3．They multiplied and filled the oceans and seas with oxygen, which encouraged the later development of early shellfish and all sorts of fish.

　　他没能通过考试，这让我们非常惊讶。

　　______________________________________________

　　He didn’t pass the exam, which made us surprised.

　　4．But when I tried to step forward I found I was carried twice as far as on the earth and fell over.

　　日本生产的汽车是中国生产的汽车的两倍。

　　_____________________________________________________

　　The number of cars made in Japan is twice as large as that of those made in Chinese.

　　5．That made it possible for life to begin to develop. 那

　　他的帮助让我们的成功有了可能。

　　_______________________________________________

　　His help made it possible for us to succeed.

　　VI．语法填空（共10小题：每小题1分，满分1分）【】

　　阅读下列材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。

　　Mr. Johnson lived in the woods with his wife and children. He owned

　　l

　　farm, which looked almost abandoned.

　　2

　　(lucky),he also had a cow which produced milk every day. He sold or exchanged some of the milk in the towns nearby

　　3

　　other food and made cheese and butter for the family with what

　　4 (leave). The cow was their only means of support, in fact. One day, the cow was eating grass

　　5

　　it began to rain heavily. While making great efforts to run away, she

　　6

　　(fall) over the hill and died. Then the Johnson tried to make a living

　　7 the cow. In order to support his family, Mr. Johnson began to plant herbs and vegetables. Since the plants took a while to grow, he started cutting down trees

　　8

　　(sell) the wood. Thinking about his children’s clothes, he started growing cotton too. When harvest came around, he was already selling herbs, vegetables and cotton in the market

　　9

　　people from the town met regularly. Now it occurred to

　　10

　　(he)that his farm had much potential and that the death of the cow was a bit of luck.

　　【答案】

　　1.a

　　2.Luckily

　　3.for

　　4.was left

　　5.when

　　6.fell

　　7.without

　　8.to sell

　　9.where

　　10.him

　　【解析】

　　试题分析：这篇短文讲述的是Johnson先生一家人靠着农场里的奶牛维持生活，但是一次意外奶牛死了，Johnson先生不得不想其他办法继续生活。他一边种药草和蔬菜，一边砍树去集上卖木头。上帝在给他关上了一扇门的时候，又给他打开了一扇门。 3.for

　　句意：他去附近的镇里卖牛奶，或是用牛奶来换其他的食物。本句话中exchange 的意思是交换，根据句意可知，Johnson先生用牛奶来换其他的食物。这里是用短语exchange…for…，故填介词for。 4.was left

　　句意：他去附近的镇里卖牛奶，或是用牛奶来换其他的食物，用剩下的牛奶制作奶酪和黄油。leave离开；剩下，留下。根据文意可知，Johnson先生一家靠农场里的奶牛产奶来生活。除去卖掉的和换其他食物的牛奶，剩下的他就用来制作奶酪和黄油。这里what was left是一个宾语从句，根据句意可知用被动语态。 5.when

　　句意：一天，奶牛正在吃草，这时突然开始下起大雨。when是并列连词，意思是正在这时。这句话使用的句型是be doing sth. when…，正在做某事这时…。 6.fell

　　句意：在慌忙逃跑的时候，奶牛摔下了山死了。fall摔倒，掉下来，根据文意可知，这篇短文使用的是一般过去时态，故这里填过去式fell。 7.without

　　句意：牛奶死了，Johnson先生不得不继续生活。with和…一起。根据文意可知，牛奶在慌忙躲雨的时候，不小心摔死了，因此Johnson先生就不得不没有了奶牛来生活。故填without。 8.to sell

　　句意：因为这些药草和蔬菜需要花费时间来生长，Johnson先生就开始砍树来卖木头。sell卖，销售。根据文意可知，Johnson先生一边种植药草和蔬菜，一边砍树去卖掉木柴。这里用动词不定式形式在句中做目的状语。 9.where

　　句意：丰收的时候，他已经在人们定期赶集的市场上去卖药草、蔬菜和棉花了。where 在这里引导的是一个定语从句，修饰先行词the market。 0.him

　　句意：现在看来好像他的农场是非常有潜能的，奶牛的死也似乎给他带来了好运气。It occurred to sb. that…某人突然发现…,这是一个固定的句型，因为这篇短文讲述的是Johnson先生，故填him。

　　【知识归纳】

　　1.was/were doing sth.---when---did—正在做某事，这时候---。They were talking when

　　the teacher came in.老师进来的时候他们正在讲话。

　　2.be about to do sth.---when---did---正要做某事，这时候---。I was about to wash my face when he came back. 当他回来的时候我正要去洗脸。 3.had just done sth---when---did---刚刚做完某事，这时候---。I had just finished the homework when the telephone rang. 电话铃响的时候我刚好写完了作业

　　考点：考查语法填空

　　完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）

　　阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

　　Steven knew he was a good but not great web designer and was about to go on an interview at a marketing firm in the city. He

　　1

　　well and went over the checklist（备忘录） needed to make a good first

　　. Steven was appointed the 3rd in the interview room and was waiting his

　　3

　　.

　　In the waiting room a gentleman entered and asked Steven “Are you

　　4

　　about the job interview?” Steven replied “No. I'm very confident.” The man then asked him

　　5

　　he was so confident. Steven then said that he had been

　　6

　　for quite some time now and

　　7

　　—he was qualified for the job. The man was impressed with his answer and their

　　8

　　continued. Fifteen minutes passed before Steven was

　　9

　　for the interview. The man thanked Steven and they

　　10

　　phone numbers.

　　Steven did not get the job.—He was a little

　　11

　　but his spirits stayed

　　12

　　.

　　A week later his cellphone

　　13

　　. A man replied “Hey it's Tom, we've met at the Marketing Firm.” Steven remembered the interview and Tom

　　14

　　his deepest thanks for the conversation they had in the waiting room. Being

　　15

　　, Steven asked “But how did I help you”? Tom replied, “You did not

　　16

　　help me but you've answered a question I was asking

　　17

　　for over 5 years.” Steven asked “What was it?” Tom answered. “

　　18

　　… I had none. Your talk gave me confidence to ask this woman I've been dating for 5 years to

　　19

　　me” and she said “YES!!!” —Without your words I would have never even asked and my life would be

　　20

　　today so I just wanted to call and say ‘thank you’ one million times.”

　　1.A.started

　　B. prepared

　　C. knew

　　D. spoke

　　2.A.decision

　　B. choice

　　C. experience

　　D. impression

　　3.A. turn

　　B. mark

　　C. job

　　D. boss

　　4.A. nervous

　　B. happy

　　C. sad

　　D. lonely

　　5.A.how

　　B. when

　　C. why

　　D. whether

　　6.A. studying

　　B. living

　　C. staying

　　D. standing

　　7.A.wondered

　　B. felt

　　C. decided

　　D. remembered

　　8.A.telephone

　　B. debate

　　C. explanation

　　D. conversation

　　9.A.called off

　　B. called for

　　C. called in

　　D. called on

　　10.A. exchanged

　　B. took

　　C. found

　　D. dialed

　　11.A.impatient

　　B. disappointed

　　C. worried

　　D. relaxed

　　12.A. usual

　　B. low

　　C. silent

　　D. high

　　13.A. sounded

　　B. failed

　　C. rang

　　D. responded

　　14.A. expressed

　　B. accepted

　　C. received

　　D. deserved

　　15.A.careful

　　B. puzzled

　　C. fortunate

　　D. satisfied

　　16.A.probably

　　B. secretly

　　C. easily

　　D. directly

　　17.A.himself

　　B. yourself

　　C. myself

　　D. itself

　　18.A. Confidence

　　B. Appreciation

　　C. Success

　　D. Luck

　　19.A.refuse

　　B. marry

　　C. forgive

　　D. admire

　　20.A. smooth

　　B. innocent

　　C. convenient

　　D. Different

　　3.A考查名词。A. Turn转弯，变化；B. Mark记号；C. Job工作；D. Boss老板；wait one’s turn等待轮到某人，固定搭配，故选A。

　　.A考查形容词。A. Nervous紧张；B. Happy快乐；C. Sad伤心；D. Lonely孤独；根据 “No. I'm very confident.” 的回答可知，问的问题应该是和不自信有关的，最常见的是你是不是对这个面试感到紧张，选A。

　　.C考查关系词。A.how如何；B. When何时；C. Why为什么；D. Whether是否；根据Steven then said that he had been

　　for quite some time now and

　　7

　　的回答，可知是问了为什么会对面试这么自信，选C。

　　.A 考查动词。A. Studying学习；B. Living生活；C. Staying停留；D. Standing站立；根据he was qualified for the job可知是因为他学习了很久，掌握了这个工作要求掌握的技能，故选A。

　　.B考查动词。A.wondered疑惑；B. Felt感受；C. Decided决定；D. Remembered记得；与下文的he was qualified for the job是从句，他是感到自己有资格获得这个工作，可知选B。

　　.D考查名词。A.telephone电话；B. debate 辩论；C. Explanation解释；D. Conversation谈话；根据The man was impressed with his answer and their

　　continued可知他们的谈话继续，故选D。

　　.C 考查动词短语。A.called off 取消；B. called for需求；C. called in召集，回收；D. called on拜访；可知15分钟过后，他被叫进去参加面试了，选C。

　　.A考查动词。A. Exchanged交换；B. Took拿；C. Found找到；D. Dialed拨号；面试结束之后他们交换了电话号码，选A。

　　.B考查形容词。A.impatient不耐心；B. Disappointed失望；C. Worried担心；D. Relaxed放松；根据Steven did not get the job.可知他没能得到这个工作，心里是失望的，选B。

　　.D考查形容词。A. Usual普通；B. low低；C. Silent沉默；D. High高；根据He was a little

　　but his spirits stayed

　　12

　　. 可知这两句话是转折关系，他虽然感到失望但是他的精神还是高涨，选D。

　　.C考查动词。A. Sounded听起来；B. Failed失败；C. Rang响起来；D. Responded回复；电话铃声响起来了，故选C。

　　.A考查动词。A. Expressed表达；B. Accepted接受；C. Received得到；D. Deserved值得；根据Tom

　　his deepest thanks for the conversation可知是表达了深深的感激，故选A。

　　.B考查形容词。A.careful仔细；B. Puzzled疑惑；C. Fortunate幸运；D. Satisfied满意；根据“But how did I help you”? 的提问，可知是表达了自己的疑惑，故选B。

　　.D考查副词。A.probably合适；B. Secretly秘密；C. Easily简单；D. Directly直接；你没有直接帮助我，但是你回答了一个问题，故选D。

　　.C考查代词。A.himself他自己；B. Yourself你自己；C. Myself我自己；D. Itself它自己；是我在这五年里一直询问我自己的问题，故选C。

　　考点：考查故事类短文阅读

　　VIII．基础写作

　　【】假如你是李夏。你看到美国留学生Sharon在网上发贴，希望有人能帮助她提高普通话(Mandarin)水平，她可以教英语作为回报。请根据以下提示用英语给她写一封电子邮件。

　　1．表达给她提供帮助的意愿；

　　2．说明你能胜任辅导的理由；

　　3．给出讲好普通话的两点建议；

　　4．提出你学习英语的具体需求。

　　注意：

　　1．词数100左右，开头语已为你写好；

　　2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；

　　Hi Sharon,

　　This is Li Xia. I learned from your post that you want to improve your Mandarin

　　【答案】

　　Dear Sharon,

　　This is Li Xia, I learned from your post that you want to improve your Mandarin.

　　I felt honored to have the chance to help you with your Mandarin learning. I’m good at speaking standard Mandarin. I’ve been a broadcaster in the school broadcasting station for years. When it comes to how to speak fluent Mandarin, I suggest that you learn a bunch of pronunciation rules first, which are quite different from the English ones. Another suggestion is to practice speaking. As one saying goes. “Practice makes perfect.” However, my English is just OK and I have many problems with my study. I really hope that you can give me good advice on how to study English. I believe we both can make much progress with each other’s help.

　　Looking forward to your reply soon!

　　Yours,

　　Li Xia

　　【亮点说明】本文采用常用的三段式，要点齐全，布局安排合理，层次分明，使用高级词汇、短语和高级句式。I learned from your post that you want to improve your Mandarin.句中使用定语从句；I felt honored to have the chance to help you with your Mandarin learning.动词不定式作定语；When it comes to how to speak fluent Mandarin,当谈到---的时候，是固定句式；I suggest that you learn a bunch of pronunciation rules first, which are quite different from the English ones. suggest后面的宾语从句中运用虚拟语气（should）+动词原形，同时句中还用了非限制性定语从句；As one saying goes. “Practice makes perfect.”as引导非限制性定语从句，同时句中使用谚语；I really hope that you can give me good advice on how to study English.宾语从句体现句中。

　　考点：考查电子邮件式话题作文