2017版高考英语北师大版《名师伴你行》一轮复习课时作业：16《Stories》（含解析）

　　课时作业(十六)　Stories

　　A卷

　　Ⅰ.单句语法填空

　　1．That plane crash ________(occurrence)only minutes after take­off.

　　2．I'll try my best to get my work________(finish)as soon as possible.

　　3．People find all sorts of excuses for________(abandon)an animal.

　　4．We were late.When we arrived，the show________(start)．

　　5．There was nothing in the letter of___(particularly)importance.

　　6．It was reserved for him to make the______(admire)discovery.

　　7．After the guard________(inspect)the bag，he________(hand)it back to Mark.

　　8．A close friendship________(gradual)grew up between them.

　　9．We were very surprised at his________(normal)behavior.

　　10．My bike is broken.I'll have it________(repair)．

　　11．There was nothing left of the town.The earthquake of the previous year________(destroy)it completely.

　　答案：

　　1．occurred　2.finished　3.abandoning　4.had started

　　5．particular　6.admirable　7.had inspected；handed

　　8．gradually　9.abnormal　10.repaired　11.had destroyed

　　Ⅱ.完成句子

　　1．He spent seven days in the wind and snow，________(又冷又饿)．

　　2．She stood at the gate ________________(似乎在等人)．

　　3．It was the second time that he ________________(受惩罚)because he drove after drinking.

　　4．_____________(既然这是最后一次机会)you should catch it.

　　5．People cheered up__________________(当屠呦呦一出现)．

　　答案：

　　1．cold and hungry　2.as if (she were) waiting for someone　3.had been punished　4.Now (that) this is the last chance　5.the instant Tu Youyou appeared

　　Ⅲ.阅读理解

　　A

　　(2016·大庆教学质量检测)According to the UN Intergovernmental Panel(专家咨询组)on Climate Change，global temperatures have risen by approximately 0.6℃ in the past century，caused mainly by emissions of greenhouse gases produced by human activities，such as the burning of fossil fuels and deforestation.Temperatures are to increase between 1.6 ℃ and 5.8 ℃ in the next century，accompanied by sea level rise and an increase in the frequency of extreme weather events.

　　The best available evidence suggests that climate changes since the 1970s may already be causing over 150,000 deaths annually，and that greenhouse gas emissions would increase disease burdens in the coming decades.The risks are concentrated in the poorest population，who have contributed least to the problem.

　　The Kyoto Protocol(京都议定书)is signed by 128 nations，and commits the participating industrialized countries to cutting emissions of greenhouse gases by over 5% below 1990 level by the period of 2008­2017.

　　“Over 600 thousand people died in weather­related disasters in the 1990s.Temperature and rainfall influence the rates of diseases and infections including malaria，and malnutrition，which together cause over 3.5 million deaths a year.The Kyoto Protocol is the first step towards protecting the climate system，which exerts such a strong influence on our health”，said Dr Kerstin Leitner，Assistant Director General for Sustainable Development and Healthy Environments.

　　While acting to reduce greenhouse gas emissions，it is also essential to protect vulnerable(脆弱的)communities from the effects of climate changes.WHO works to promote measures such as protection from malaria and other climate sensitive diseases，and reliable access to clean water and sanitation，for people in the most vulnerable developing countries.Increasing disease control efforts will also help to protect current and future generations from the impacts of greenhouse gas emissions.

　　1. According to the passage，what is the reason for the rise of global temperatures?

　　A．The burning of fossil fuels.

　　B．The rise of sea level.

　　C．Extreme weather disasters.

　　D．The emissions of greenhouse gases.

　　2. Which of the following is true?

　　A．Weather­related disasters caused over 3.5 million deaths.

　　B．The climate system has a deep impact on human health.

　　C．The members of the Kyoto Protocol are all industrialized countries.

　　D．The poorest population are to blame because they contribute least to the problem.

　　3. In order to protect communities，WHO takes some measures except________.

　　A．preventing diseases caused by climate changes

　　B．helping to provide clean water

　　C．aiding to offer sanitation

　　D．gaining access to vulnerable developing countries

　　4. What does the passage mainly talk about?

　　A．Climate changes and the effects on human health.

　　B．Climate changes cause over 15,000 deaths annually.

　　C．WHO promotes measures such as protection from malaria.

　　D．The Kyoto Protocol helps to protect human health.

　　答案：

　　解题导语：这是一篇关于气候变化的文章。人类的某些行为导致的气候变化会危害人类自身，我们要采取必要的措施来拯救我们自己。

　　1．D　解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“global temperatures have risen...emissions of greenhouse gases”可知，D项正确。A项是产生温室气体的行为之一，故可排除。

　　2．B　解析：细节理解题。A项与文章第四段中的“Over 600 thousand people died in weather－related disasters...which together cause over 3.5 million deaths a year”不符；C项意为“京都议定书”成员国都是工业化的国家，与文章第三段的内容不符；D项与文章第二段的最后一句话不符。根据第四段中的“The Kyoto Protocol. . . on our health”可知选B项。

　　3．D　解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“such as protection ...sanitation”和“Increasing disease control efforts”可知A、B、C三项正确。由“for people in the most vulnerable developing countries”可知，D项错误。

　　4．A　解析：主旨大意题。根据文章内容可知，B、C、D项均是文中某一方面的内容，比较片面，A项最能概括文章大意。

　　B

　　(2015·银川高三质检)A campaign is being launched to encourage children to give up 30 minutes of screen time a day to head for the great outdoors to experience the wonders of the wilderness.

　　The newly formed Wild Network—a cooperation of nearly 400 organizations—is attempting to attract youngsters away from television and computer screen and into fields，woods and parks.Organizers say it is the UK's biggest ever campaign to reconnect children with nature and outdoor play，and claim it could help improve fitness，mental alertness and general happiness.

　　A documentary film，Project Wild Thing，will be a sign of the launch at more than 50 cinemas across the UK from Friday.It looks at the increasingly weak link between children and nature.

　　Members of the network include the National Trust，RSPB，Play England and the NHS sustainable development unit.Andy Simpson，chairman of the Wild Network，said，“The tragic truth is that kids have lost touch with nature and the outdoors in just one generation.Time spent outdoors is down，roaming ranges have fallen drastically，activity levels are declining and the ability to identify common species has been lost.”

　　Suggestions of how to get more time in nature include collecting conkers，camping or snail racing，and observing autumn color on trees.

　　From January，the network will aim to make suggestions to politicians on how the government can do more to get children muddy and bright­eyed.

　　This is not the first time the message of less screen but more play has been brought up.Children in the 1980s were entreated to do the same by the BBC TV series Why Don't You，which somewhat confusingly called on its viewers to“switch off your TV set，and go to do something less boring instead.”

　　5．What is the purpose of the campaign?

　　A．To reconnect children to play together.

　　B．To get children back enjoying the great outdoors.

　　C．To encourage children to head for computer screen.

　　D．To attract youngsters to watch TV for outdoor information.

　　6．How can children get more time in nature according to the passage?

　　A．By surfing the Internet.

　　B．By collecting stamps.

　　C．By going to the cinema.

　　D．By doing snail running.

　　7．“Less screen but more play”was first put forward by________.

　　A．Wild Network

　　B．The BBC TV

　　C．The National Trust

　　D．Play England

　　8．What can we infer from the passage?

　　A．The government will play an important role.

　　B．Children have already been close to nature.

　　C．Politicians have controlled the campaign.

　　D．TV viewers will turn away from television.

　　答案：

　　解题导语：本文是一篇说明文。讲述了一项活动的发起，即让孩子远离电视和电脑屏幕，去享受户外活动。

　　5．B　解析：细节理解题。根据第一段的内容可知，发起这项活动是为了鼓励孩子们每天减少三十分钟的看电视时间而去户外体验大自然的奇观。故选B项。

　　6．D　解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第三段“Suggestions of how ... on trees.”可知，建议孩子们去大自然中收集七叶树果实，宿营或者玩蜗牛竞速游戏，或者去观察树木秋天时的颜色。这些都是孩子们可以在大自然中玩的活动。

　　7．B　解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“This is...Why Don't You...”可知，这个想法最先是在20世纪80年代由the BBC TV提出的。故选B项。

　　8．A　解析：推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的内容可知，从一月份开始，网络将主要向政客们建议关于政府如何做得更多来使得孩子们去户外玩耍。由此可推知，政府在这件事上也将起到重要的作用。故选A项。

　　.书面表达

　　(2016·兰州高三实战考试)生活中我们都需要朋友，我们该结交怎样的朋友，不同的人有不同的看法。请认真阅读下面的引语(quotation)，按要求用英语写一篇短文。

　　A true friend is a source of strength and hope.

　　—Jonathan Lockwood Huie

　　内容要求：

　　1．你对该引语的理解；

　　2．你的相关经历；

　　3．恰当的结尾。

　　注意：1.短文开头已给出，不计入总词数；

　　2．文中不能出现考生的具体信息；

　　3．词数100左右。

　　This quotation from Jonathan Lockwood Huie tells us that 　

　　答案：

　　This_quotation_from_Jonathan_Lockwood_Huie_tells_us_that real friends can give us strength and hope when we are in trouble and real friends can benefit from each other. We need such friends who can point out our mistakes directly and who have the same life goals as us. Once I failed again and again in my math and lost interest in it，it was my best friend who encouraged me not to give up and offered help in time. With his kind and selfless help，I gradually caught up with others.

　　So I say we need friends but what we most need is a friend that can enrich our life.

　　B卷

　　Ⅰ.阅读理解

　　A

　　(2016·唐山高三一模)The spread of Western eating habits around the world is bad for human health and the environment.These findings come from a new report in the journal Nature.

　　David Tilman，a professor of ecology at the University of Minnesota，America，examined information from 100 countries to identify what people ate and how a diet affected health.He noted a movement beginning in the 1960s.He found that as nations industrialized(工业化)，population increased and earnings rose，more people began to adopt what has been called the Western diet.

　　The Western diet is high in sugar，fat，oil and meat.By eating these foods，people began to get fatter and sicker.David Tilman says overweight people are at greater risk for non­infectious diseases like diabetes(糖尿病)and heart disease.

　　Unfortunately when people become industrialized，if they adopt this Western diet，they are going to have these health problems，especially in developing countries in Asia.China is an example where the number of diabetes cases has been jumping from less than one percent to 10 percent of the population as they began to industrialize over a 20­year period.And that is happening all across the world，in Mexico，in Nigeria and so on.

　　And，a diet bad for human beings，is also bad for the environment.As the world's population grows，more forests and tropical(热带的)areas will become farmlands for crops or grasslands for cattle.We are likely to have more greenhouse gas in the future from agriculture than that coming out of all forms of transportation right now.

　　Mr Tilman calls the link between the diet，the environment and human health，“a trilemma”—a problem offering a difficult choice.He says one possible solution is leaving the Western diet behind.

　　1．According to the passage，more greenhouse gas might be given off in the future from ________.

　　A．transportation

　　B．developing countries

　　C．agriculture

　　D．developed countries

　　2．David Tilman believes that ________.

　　A．the diet，the environment and human health are closely connected

　　B．the Western diet is the only choice as the nation industrializes

　　C．people in tropical areas are more likely to have heart disease

　　D．traditional diets are more balanced than the Western diet

　　3．We can infer from the passage that ________.

　　A．Nigeria has the largest number of diabetes cases

　　B．overweight people are at higher risk of infectious diseases

　　C．the examined information comes from developing countries

　　D．industrialization contributes to the spread of the Western diet

　　4．The main purpose of the passage is to ________.

　　A．call on us to protect the environment

　　B．warn us of the danger of the Western diet

　　C．remind us of the importance of health

　　D．advise us to have a balanced diet

　　答案：

　　解题导语：《自然》杂志上一篇新的报告表示，西方饮食对人的健康和环境有不良影响，人们应警惕西方饮食带来的危害。

　　1．C　解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的最后一句“We are likely to have more greenhouse gas in the future from agriculture than that coming out of all forms of transportation right now”可知，未来更多的温室气体排放可能来自于农业，故选择C项。

　　2．A　解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段的第一句“Mr Tilman calls the link between the diet，the environment and human health...a difficult choice.”可知，Tilman先生把日常饮食、环境和人的健康之间的联系称为三难困境。由此可知，它们三个是紧密相关的，故选择A项。

　　3．D　解析：推理判断题。根据第二段的最后一句“He found that as nations industrialized(工业化)，population increased and earnings rose，more people began to adopt what has been called the Western diet”可推知，工业化、人口增长和收入增加造成了西方饮食的传播，故D项正确。

　　4．B　解析：写作意图题。综合全文，尤其是根据文章最后一段的最后一句可知，西方饮食有害健康，不利于环境，故作者是想通过该文让人们警惕西方饮食带来的危害。

　　B

　　(2015·泰安高三质检)Any day we wish；we can discipline ourselves to change it all.Any day we wish；we can open the book that will open our mind to new knowledge.Any day we wish；we can start a new activity.Any day we wish；we can start the process of life change.We can do it immediately，or next week，or next month，or next year.

　　We can also do nothing.We can pretend rather than perform.And if the idea of having to change ourselves makes us uncomfortable，we can remain as we are.We can choose rest over labor，entertainment over education，delusion(幻想)over truth，and doubt over confidence.The choices are ours to make.But while we complain about the effect，we continue to nourish(助长)the cause.

　　As Shakespeare uniquely observed，“The fault is not in the stars，but in ourselves.” We created our circumstances by our past choices.We have both the ability and the responsibility to make better choices beginning today.

　　Those who are in search of the good life do not need more answers or more time to think things over to reach better conclusions.They need the truth.They need the whole truth.And they need nothing but the truth.

　　We cannot allow our errors in judgment，repeated every day，to lead us down the wrong path.We must keep coming back to those basics that make the biggest difference in how our life works out.And then we must make the very choices that will bring life，happiness and joy into our daily lives.And if I may be so bold to offer my last piece of advice for someone seeking and needing to make changes in their life—If you don't like how things are，change it！You're not a tree.

　　You have the ability to totally transform every area in your life—and it all begins with your very own power of choice.

　　5．The first paragraph tells us that________.

　　A．no one wants to be disciplined

　　B．we often need some new knowledge

　　C．taking activities does good to our health

　　D．we want to change all the time

　　6．We may conclude from the second paragraph that________.

　　A．whatever happens，we have to change ourselves

　　B．people tend to nourish the cause of bad results

　　C．whether we change or not depends on ourselves

　　D．most choices we made are not good enough

　　7．From Shakespeare's words，we know________.

　　A．it is our duty to change for the better

　　B．we complain a lot about our past choices

　　C．sometimes we have to face the fate

　　D．we should believe in ourselves in life

　　8．In the author's opinion，if you want a good life，what you need most is________.

　　A．self­confidence　

　　B．good choices

　　C．strong wills 　

　　D．the truth

　　答案：

　　解题导语：改变始于选择。对于那些寻求改变自己人生的人，如果不满意事情的现状，那就去改变它吧！

　　5．D　解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中的四个“Any day we wish”的排比可知，我们每天都希望有所改变，故D项正确。

　　6．C　解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的四个“We can...”的排比和倒数第二句“The choices are ours to make.”可知，我们是否需要改变取决于我们自己，故C项正确。

　　7．A　解析：推理判断题。第三段的第一句引用了莎士比亚的独到见解“错误并不在于命运，而在于我们自身”，再根据接下来的两句“我们过去作出的选择决定了我们现在的处境。从现在开始我们有能力和责任去作出更好的选择。”可知，A项正确。

　　8．B　解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，作者认为想要改变你的生活，就要从选择开始，故B项正确。

　　Ⅱ.短文改错

　　假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

　　增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。

　　删除：把多余的词用斜线(划掉。

　　修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

　　注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

　　2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。

　　Everyone wishes to be successful in life.If you want to success，you must build self­confidence.Walk fast will make you look and feel more important but practicing good posture can make you to feel more confident.

　　The reason why success is so important is what success can bring happiness not only to the one who succeed but also to his friends and family.Success can be achieve through diligence.As the saying goes：Where there is will，there is a way.The beginning of things is always difficult，but if we insist on doing your best，the difficulties will be overcome.What's more，devotion and self­confidence are also of great important to success.

　　答案：

　　Everyone wishes to be successful in life.If you want to ，you must build self­confidence.

　　fast will make you look and feel more important

　　practicing good posture can make you to feel more confident.

　　The reason why success is so important is

　　success can bring happiness not only to the one who

　　but also to his friends and family.Success can be

　　through diligence.As the saying goes：Where there is

　　will，there is a way.The beginning of things is always difficult，but if we insist on doing

　　best，the difficulties will be overcome.What's more，devotion and self­confidence are also of great

　　to success.

　　Ⅲ.书面表达

　　(2016·山东省济南模拟)本学期，你校外籍教师拟开设如下课程：1.英语口语；2.英语书面表达；3.今日美国。假如你是李华，请给课程负责人Mr Smith写一份申请书，报名参加其中一门课程的学习，内容必须包括：

　　1．介绍你的英语能力；

　　2．说明你感兴趣的课程及参加意图；

　　3．表达你希望获准的愿望。

　　注意：1.词数100左右；

　　2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

　　答案：

　　Dear Mr Smith，

　　　 I'm writing to sign up for one of the courses that you will offer.

　　Frankly speaking，I think I'm doing well in English because I always get good marks in the written English tests.But I'm not so good at spoken English，and that is what troubles me most.Besides，I find it hard for me to talk with native English speakers.So I decide to enter for the spoken English course so that I can communicate with others freely and fluently in English.I promise I'll try my best to learn it well.

　　I would appreciate it if you could approve my application.

　　Yours sincerely，

　　Li Hua