2017版高考英语北师大版《名师伴你行》一轮复习课时作业：19《Language》（含解析）

　　课时作业(十九)　Language

　　A卷

　　Ⅰ.单句语法填空

　　1．Convinced of the________(accurate)of the data, they stuck to their opinion.

　　2．You can't see through the telescope until it is ________(adjustment) to your eyes.

　　3．Beijing has come up with an emergency plan ________(guarantee) that the city has adequate heat supplies.

　　4．It is reported ________a mine accident happened in Shanxi Province.

　　5．When I began to sing，he laughed，which made me ________ (embarrass)．

　　6．We try and keep ourselves ________(inform) about current trends.

　　7．He sent her a letter of ________(congratulate) on her passing the exam.

　　8．The father is so fond of the boy that he will give him ________he wants.

　　9．The Amazon's dry season，from July to September，is ________some people cut and burn the rain­forest.

　　10．________we will have a meeting tomorrow is still under discussion.

　　11．________President Xi visited Russia led to the closer relationship between the two countries.

　　答案：

　　1．accuracy　2.adjusted　3.to guarantee　4.that

　　5．embarrassed　6.informed　7.congratulation　8.whatever　9.when　10.Whether　11.That

　　Ⅱ.完成句子

　　1．________________(据说)the couple are preparing for their wedding anniversary.

　　2．________________(无论你喜欢与否)，you'll have to face it one day.

　　3．________________(只要你开车小心)，you can use my car.

　　4．Smokers have the right to smoke，but________________(另一方面) they do not have the right to endanger the health of others.

　　5．Please________________(随时告诉我)the change of your telephone while you are in America.

　　答案：

　　1．It is said that　2.Whether you like it or not

　　3．Provided that you drive carefully　4.on the other hand

　　5．keep me informed of

　　Ⅲ.阅读理解

　　A

　　(2016·长春高三质检)Melbourne，Australia

　　Melbourne is a hotspot travel destination，and it's easy to see its beautiful beaches and busy city life.

　　Why it's a great choice：Australia as a whole is considered a safe destination for international travel，and because of that，many solo travelers go there.As an English­speaking country，you won't be faced with any language barriers.Melbourne is easy to get around because you can walk or bike practically anywhere!

　　Thailand

　　Thailand is great for solo travelers—perhaps because it is one of the Buddhist mindsets，which promote equality among the sexes.

　　Why it's a great choice: Thailand is known for its friendly atmosphere，and as a travel hotspot，there are plenty of chances to meet other like­minded travelers.Well known for being very cheap，especially in the north.A good choice if you want to get away on a budget.Thailand has a lot to offer，from the party­central Bangkok to beautiful beaches and tropical(热带的) jungle.

　　Hong Kong，China

　　Hong Kong is a great place to relax for solo travelers as it is full of “Zen Moments”，such as beautiful gardens and T'ai Chi classes.

　　Why it's a great choice: Hong Kong is regarded as one of the safest cities in the world.If you're not well­traveled，or perhaps a bit tired of things like language barriers，Hong Kong is a great place to start，as it mixes both Eastern and Western at the same time.

　　Bali，Indonesia

　　Bali is a spiritual place with yoga，spas，healthy food and beaches.The combination of friendly people and splendid visual culture has made Bali number one tourist attraction.

　　Why it's so great: you won't be the only solo traveler in Bali.Everyone is known for being extremely friendly and you're sure to meet some amazing characters along the way.As a Hindu island，Bali is the perfect place for a relaxing and spiritual retreat(静修)．The Sacred Monkey Forest in Ubud is fantastic—if you like monkeys，anyway.

　　1．What do the four places have in common according to the text?

　　A．They're cheap to travel around.

　　B．They're great for solo travelers.

　　C．They offer good spas and yoga.

　　D．There're no language barriers.

　　2．Where can you enjoy both convenient transport and beautiful beaches?

　　A．Melbourne，Australia.

　　B．Thailand.

　　C．Hong Kong，China.

　　D．Bali，Indonesia.

　　3.What has made Bali No.1 tourist attraction?

　　A．Yoga，spas，healthy food and beaches.

　　B．Friendly people and splendid visual culture.

　　C．Meeting some amazing characters along the way.

　　D．Fantastic monkeys in the Sacred Monkey Forest.

　　4．What type of writing is this text?

　　A．A travel journal.

　　B．A business report.

　　C．A travel guide.

　　D．A press advertisement.

　　答案：

　　解题导语：本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了澳大利亚的墨尔本、泰国、中国的香港和印度尼西亚的巴厘岛这四个旅游胜地，以及它们值得一去的原因。

　　1．B　解析：细节理解题。通读全文可知，每个景点的介绍中都提及了solo traveler(s)，因此选B项。

　　2．A　解析：细节理解题。根据Melbourne, Australia部分第一段的“its beautiful beaches and busy city life”以及第二段中的“Melbourne is easy to get around because you can walk or bike practically anywhere.”可知，在澳大利亚的墨尔本你可以享受到便利的交通和美丽的沙滩。

　　3．B　解析：细节理解题。根据Bali, Indonesia 部分第一段的第二句“The combination of friendly people and splendid visual culture has made Bali number one tourist attraction.”可知，友好的人们与精彩的视觉文化融合使巴厘岛成为第一观光胜地。

　　4．C　解析：推理判断题。文章主要介绍了四个热点旅游胜地以及它们的特色、优势，因此应选C项“旅游指南”。

　　B

　　(2015·宝鸡质量检测)With 10,600 bicycles in circulation, Paris city officials are hoping the program will provide people with more environmentally friendly transportation.

　　It seems both Parisians and tourists are taking advantage of the program. Since its launch a little over two weeks ago, Velib′ has already seen almost half a million rentals. And, with the addition of 10,000 more bikes and 700 more stations in the next 12 months, city officials expect at least 200,000 regular users by year end.

　　Parisian Olivier Bioret has already gone for a spin on one of Vélib′s vehicles and plans to make use of them more often.

　　“It's a real pleasure — when, like me, you don't have space enough in your flat to have your own bike — to be able to discover, to cross Paris and not have to take the subway，” he said.

　　As a socialist and longtime green activist, Mayor Bertrand Delanoe regards Vélib′ as just a part of his plan to reduce car traffic and, thus, lower pollution by 2020.

　　Apart from its environmental benefits, Vélib′ is also being praised as a way of collecting money for the city, for all the money from rentals goes to the city government.

　　Paris is not alone in its attempt to profit from the power of the bicycles.

　　Across the globe, cities such as Barcelona, which stated its bike­share program in March with 1,500 vehicles and 100 stations, and New York, which launched a five­day trial program last month, are using bicycles as a way to cut back on both traffic and pollution.

　　However, it remains to be seen whether people's acceptance of these programs is simply a passing fashion or whether this movement has the power to take root and transform the face of public transportation around the world.

　　5．The real purpose of Vélib′ is________.

　　A．to help people save money and space

　　B．to make some money for the city government

　　C．to provide convenience to both Parisians and tourists

　　D．to reduce traffic and pollution in the city

　　6．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

　　A．There will be 700 stations in one year's time.

　　B．There will be over 20,000 bikes in use in a year.

　　C．In the first two weeks there were nearly a million rentals.

　　D．There will be 200,000 regular rentals each day by year end.

　　7．We can know from the passage that________.

　　A．other cities also have such programs

　　B．Parisians can use the bicycles for free

　　C．Paris sets an example to many other cities

　　D．Paris is the first city to start such a program

　　8．As to the future of the program, the author is________.

　　A．critical　B．optimistic

　　C．uncertain

　　D．negative

　　答案：

　　解题导语：这是一篇说明文。在巴黎，政府提供了很多的自行车给人们带去便利，更重要的是此举减轻了交通压力，使城市更为环保。

　　5．D　解析：细节理解题。根据第五段中的“Mayor Bertrand ... lower pollution by 2020”可知，D项正确。

　　6．B　解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“With 10, 600 bicycles in circulation”和第二段最后一句中的“And, with the addition of 10,000 more bikes”可知，B项正确。

　　7．A　解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“Across the globe, cities such as Barcelona, which stated its bike­share program in March”可知，其他城市也有此计划。故选A项。

　　8．C　解析：作者态度题。根据最后一段“However, it remains...around the world.”可知，这些计划的未来还有待证实，故C项uncertain “不确定的”正确。

　　Ⅳ.书面表达

　　(2016·长春第二次质检)假设你是高三学生李华，你和表弟王强即将参加高考，在考前的100天，请你结合自己的学习、生活，用英语给表弟写一封建议信。要点包括：

　　1．努力学习

　　2．调整心态

　　3．锻炼身体

　　4．其他方面

　　注意：1.词数100左右；

　　2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；

　　3．开头和结尾已为你写好。

　　Dear Wang Qiang，

　　How are you doing recently？　

　　Yours，

　　Li Hua

　　答案：

　　Dear_Wang_Qiang，

　　　 How_are_you_doing_recently？I'm writing to give you some suggestions on study and life. For Senior 3 students, time is precious. It is high time that we took effective measures to live our life to the fullest.

　　First of all, I highly propose we make the most of the time in class, following our teachers.Besides, we tend to get anxious with time going by. Take it easy. It's OK. More importantly, just as an old saying goes，“Health is wealth”．That's why we have to spend some time exercising regularly. Tired as we feel, we are lucky and happy with so many teachers, friends, and our parents standing behind us. We may ask them for help whenever we need it.

　　Do you like my advice? I hope we will graduate from high school without regrets and be admitted to our ideal universities.Wish you success.

　　Yours，

　　Li_Hua

　　B卷

　　Ⅰ.阅读理解

　　(2016·河北七校高三联合考试)High heels，coffee cups and dogs have been regarded as three of the most dangerous things to have in a car.

　　While men were responsible for the greater number of accidents reported, women played their part by driving in high heels.Putting fashion over function meant 44 percent of female motorists had been prevented from using the pedals correctly by their high heels.

　　Being keen on a caffeine kick while driving can also create an accident if they leave empty coffee cups lying around their vehicles.Twenty percent of those surveyed admitted they had crashed their cars or had a near miss after a deserted coffee cup or an empty drink bottle rolled under their brake pedals.

　　However, it is not just wearing and eating that cause a threat from inside the car; man's best friend could also cause a catastrophe if not safely secured.One in eight motorists claimed to have had a scrape(擦伤) or miss on the road due to their dogs' wandering freely，climbing into the front seat or trying to escape through the windows.

　　The accidents meant drivers took their eyes off the road for more than three seconds each time, according to the poll of 2,000 British motorists.The survey has found drivers will pick up an average bill of ￡261.47 for the damage caused by every crash.Londoners were the most at risk of an accident closely followed by motorists in the West Midlands and Wales.

　　Janet Connor, a managing director, said many accidents could be avoided if people cleaned their cars regularly，as one in ten drivers involved in crashes admitted to driving inside a mountain of waste materials.She said, “The possible dangers and distractions outside the car are well­known but as the evidence suggests, those within the car are often forgotten.”

　　1．What mistake do women drivers most probably make while driving?

　　A．They wear expensive clothes.

　　B．They wear shoes with high heels.

　　C．They drink too much coffee in cars.

　　D．They take their dogs without tying them.

　　2．Those who like drinking coffee often have accidents because________.

　　A．the coffee may make them feel faint

　　B．the coffee may make the car smell terrible

　　C．empty coffee cups may make the brake fail

　　D．deserted bottles look the same as brake pedals

　　3．Why shouldn't drivers put their dogs in the car while driving?

　　A．Dogs may bark loudly if seeing traffic lights.

　　B．Dogs may walk around or even try to escape.

　　C．Dogs may break the windows to get fresh air.

　　D．Dogs may make the inside of the car dirty.

　　4．We can mainly learn from the passage that________.

　　A．people often neglect the dangers outside the car

　　B．accidents will be avoided if cars are cleaned regularly

　　C．dangers within the car should be given more attention to

　　D．only 10% of the drivers remember to keep their cars clean

　　答案：

　　解题导语：本文介绍了开车时最危险的三种东西：高跟鞋、咖啡杯以及狗，并告诉我们在开车时应该多关注这些危险的东西。

　　1．B　解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“women played their part by driving in high heels”可知，女性驾车所犯的错误是穿高跟鞋，故选B项。

　　2．C　解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Twenty percent of those surveyed admitted they had crashed their cars or had a near miss after a deserted coffee cup or an empty drink bottle rolled under their brake pedals.”可推知，空的咖啡杯可能造成刹车失灵，故选C项。

　　3．B　解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的“One in eight motorists claimed to have had a scrape(擦伤) or miss on the road due to their dogs' wandering freely, climbing into the front seat or trying to escape through the windows.”可知，狗可能到处走动或从窗户逃跑，故选B项。

　　4．C　解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“The possible dangers and distractions outside the car are well­known but as the evidence suggests, those within the car are often forgotten.”可推知，车内的这些潜在的危险和使人分心的事情也是事故发生的原因，但是经常被人们忘记，所以需要我们给予更多的关注，故选C项。

　　Ⅱ.完形填空

　　I was sure that I was to be killed.I became terribly nervous.I fumbled(胡乱寻找)in my pockets to see if there were any cigarettes, which had __1__ their search.I found one and because of my __2__ hands, I could barely get it to my lips.But I had no matches, they had taken those.

　　I looked through the bars at my guard.He did not make eye __3__ with me.I called out to him “Have you got a light？” He looked at me, __4__ and came over to light my cigarette.As he came close and lit the match，his eyes unintentionally locked with mine.At that moment, I __5__.I don't know why I did that.Perhaps it was __6__， perhaps it was because when you get very close one to another, it is very hard not to smile.__7__， I smiled.In that instant, it was as though a spark jumped across the gap between our two hearts，our two human __8__.I know he didn't want to, but my smile leaped __9__ the bars and generated a smile on his lips，too.He lit my cigarette but stayed near，looking at me __10__ in the eyes and continuing to smile.I kept smiling at him，now aware of him as a(n) __11__ and not just a guard.“Do you have__12__？” he asked.“Yes, here, here.” I took out my wallet and nervously looked for the pictures of my children.He, too, took out the photos of his children and began to talk about his plans and hopes for __13__.My eyes were filled with tears.I said that I __14__ that I'd never see my children again，never have the chance to see them__15__.Tears came to his eyes, too.__16__， without another word，he unlocked my cell and silently led me out.Out of the prison, __17__ and by back routes，out of the town.There，at the edge of town, he __18__ me.And without another word, he turned back toward the town.

　　“My life was __19__ by a smile.”Yes, the smile—the unaffected, unplanned, natural connection between people.I really believe that if that part of you and that part of me could __20__ each other, we wouldn't be enemies.We couldn't have hate or envy or fear.

　　1.A.missed

　　B．lost

　　C．escaped

　　D．suffered

　　2．A.clumsy

　　B．shaking

　　C．sweaty

　　D．rough

　　3．A.contact

　　B．touch

　　C．link

　　D．connection

　　4．A.delighted

　　B．satisfied

　　C．smiled

　　D．shrugged

　　5．A.panicked

　　B．smiled

　　C．screamed

　　D．scared

　　6．A.happiness

　　B．relief

　　C．nervousness

　　D．sadness

　　7．A.Somewhat

　　B．Anyhow

　　C．Somehow

　　D．Anymore

　　8．A.heads

　　B．minds

　　C．hands

　　D．souls

　　9．A.through

　　B．across

　　C．against

　　D．over

　　10．A.coldly

　　B．seriously

　　C．directly

　　D．casually

　　11．A.opponent

　　B．relative

　　C．enemy

　　D．person

　　12．A.sisters

　　B．kids

　　C．friends

　　D．brothers

　　13．A.him

　　B．me

　　C．them

　　D．us

　　14．A.proved

　　B．confirmed

　　C．feared

　　D．imagined

　　15．A.grow up

　　B．live through

　　C．live on

　　D．grow apart

　　16．A.Obviously

　　B．Suddenly

　　C．Gradually

　　D．Slowly

　　17．A.noisily

　　B．terrifyingly

　　C．quietly

　　D．hurriedly

　　18．A.released

　　B．killed

　　C．comforted

　　D．hurt

　　19．A.transformed

　　B．improved

　　C．influenced

　　D．saved

　　20．A.recognize

　　B．approach

　　C．realize

　　D．remember

　　答案：

　　解题导语：人们或许不会相信，一个微笑竟然挽救了一个人的生命。微笑是无声的语言，是人与人之间最自然最真挚的交流方式。如果我们都能用心灵去认识彼此，那么世间便不再有结怨成仇的憾事，也没有了憎恨、嫉妒和恐惧。

　　1．C　解析：此处表达的是“作者在衣袋里胡乱寻找，看有没有避开监狱看守们搜查的香烟”。故答案为C项。escape意为“逃避，避开”，符合语境。

　　2．B　解析：文章第一句话表明“我确信我很快就要被杀死”，由此可知，此时的作者应是非常恐惧和紧张的。所以此处用shaking表示“颤抖的”，符合句意和语境。其余的选项虽然也可以用来修饰“手”，但均与上下文情景不符。

　　3．A　解析：此处考查固定搭配“eye contact”，意为“对视，相互直视”。

　　4．D　解析：根据常识，作者和监狱的看守之前并不认识，所以当作者向看守借用打火机时，看守自然是不情愿(根据下文，尽管如此他还是给作者点燃了香烟)。shrug意为“耸肩”，是英美人的习惯动作之一，表示“不感兴趣、不在乎或不知道”。

　　5．B　解析：根据下文中第7空前的“...it is very hard not to smile”可知，此处空格处应填入smiled，表示“在那个时刻，我突然冲着他微笑，但是我自己也不知道为什么会有这般的反应”。

　　6．C　解析：根据常识，当两个陌生人靠得很近时，最可能的感觉和反应是“紧张”，不过此处只是作者的一个推测而已。

　　7．B　解析：上文表明作者推测“或许是过于紧张，或许是当你如此靠近另一个人时，你很难不对他微笑”。此处表达的应是“无论怎样，我还是对着他笑了”。anyhow意为“不管怎样，无论如何”(用于交谈中希望回到主题时)。somewhat意为“有点儿，有几分”；anymore意为“不再”(＝not...anymore)；somehow意为“用某种方式；不知怎么地”。

　　8．D　解析：此处human soul意为“人的灵魂”。此处表达的是“就在那一刹那，这抹微笑如同火花一般打破了我们两个人灵魂之间的隔阂”。

　　9．A　解析：through意为“(从空间)穿过”。此处表达的是“但是我的微笑透过了铁栅栏，使得监狱看守受到了感染，嘴角上也不自觉地出现了笑容”。

　　10．C　解析：directly意为“直接地，径直地”(同义词为straight)。“look at sb.directly into the eyes”意为“直视着某人(的眼睛)”。此处表达的是“他给我点燃了香烟以后，并没有立即离开，而是两眼直盯着我看，但是脸上仍然在微笑着”。

　　11．D　解析：根据语境，此处表达的是“我”一直在冲他微笑，意识到我不再把他仅仅作为一个监狱的看守看待，而是已把他当作一个人看待”。此处的“人”表达一种特别的含义，即一个有血有肉、有“人情味儿”的人。

　　12．B　解析：结合下文提到的“...the pictures of my children”可知，此处监狱看守问的应是“你有孩子吗？”。kids与children同义。

　　13．C　解析：此处用them指代前面提到的“his children”，表达的是“他也掏出了孩子的照片，并且开始讲述他对他的孩子们的期待与计划”。

　　14．C　解析：作者害怕自己看不见孩子们了，不能陪伴着他们成长。

　　15．A　解析：本句大意为“我说我担心(feared)再也见不到我的孩子们了，也害怕再也没有机会看着孩子们长大成人(grow up)了”。

　　16．B　解析：句中“without another word”表明了此处应使用suddenly表示动作的突然性。

　　17．C　解析：此处表达的是“监狱看守打开了牢门，悄悄地带我从后面的小路逃离了监狱，出了小镇”。根据常识，此时此景下的动作应是秘密地和静悄悄地。

　　18．A　解析：就在小镇边上，他把我释放(release)了。

　　19．D　解析：此处表达的是作者的感慨“一个微笑，一个连接人与人之间关系的、自然的、事先没有准备的微笑竟然挽救(save)了自己的生命”。

　　20．A　解析：此处大意是“如果我们能用心灵去认识(认可)彼此，那么人世间便不会再有憎恨、妒忌和恐惧”。此处用recognize表示“认可，认识”，符合句意。其余各选项分别意为“接近，靠近”“意识到”和“记得，记起”，均与上下文语境不符。

　　Ⅲ.语法填空

　　In my memory, playing the shuttlecock game was one of my favorite things during my childhood.My hometown is in northeast China 1.________ the winter is very long—almost five to six months.Playing the shuttlecock outside was the main game in the winter.2.________ I liked to play this kind of game very much, the shuttlecock became my good friend who always 3.________ (accompany) me in the long winter.

　　Actually, this game was very simple.In a word, it just was 4.________ (play) by a person who kicked the shuttlecock with his or her foot and kept it from 5.________ (drop) down on the ground as long as possible.Depending on different interests, the player could kick the shuttlecock with different parts of his or her foot.Sometimes we were divided 6.________ two teams, and each team had one, two, or more persons.Then we had a match to see which team could keep playing for a long time.The team that could keep playing much 7.________ (long) would win.

　　It was easy to make them by hand.At that time, I always made them by hand and by myself.I used chicken feathers to make the shuttlecock.For the small metal base, I 8.________ (usual) chose two or three ancient Chinese 9.________ (coin) with a hole in the middle.I just put the chicken feathers into the hole of the base, and then tied them together very well with thread.This, a simple shuttlecock 10.________ (be) ready.

　　答案：

　　1．where　解析：考查定语从句引导词。where引导定语从句，在定语从句中作地点状语。

　　2．Because　解析：考查连词。“I liked to play this kind of game very much”是“the shuttlecock became my good friend”的原因，故用连词because引导原因状语从句。

　　3．accompanied　解析：考查词性转换。定语从句前面的动词became是过去时，故定语从句中的谓语动词也用过去时。

　　4．played　解析：考查时态、语态和主谓一致。it是主语，单数第三人称，代指the game，是被动且为过去时。

　　5．dropping　解析：考查非谓语动词用法。keep...from是固定短语，后面加动词­ing形式，意为“阻止……不做……”。

　　6．into　解析：考查固定短语。be divided into是固定短语，意为“被分成”。

　　7．longer　解析：考查词性转换。根据句意可知，踢毽子时间较长的获胜。

　　8．usually　解析：考查词性转换。空格后面是动词，故用副词修饰。

　　9．coins　解析：考查名词复数。名词coin前有数词two or three修饰，应该用复数形式。

　　10．was　解析：考查主谓一致。主语为“a simple shuttlecock”是单数，谓语动词用单数形式。

　　Ⅳ.短文改错

　　(2015·全国卷Ⅰ)假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

　　增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。

　　删除：把多余的词用斜线()划掉。

　　修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

　　注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

　　2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。

　　When I was a child，I hoped to live in the city.I think I would be happy there.Now I am living in a city，but I miss my home in countryside.There the air is clean or the mountains are green.Unfortunately，on the development of industrialization，the environment has been polluted.Lots of studies have been shown that global warming has already become a very seriously problem.The airs we breathe in is getting dirtier and dirtier.Much rare animals are dying out.We must found ways to protect your environment.If we fail to do so，we'll live to regret it.

　　答案：

　　When I was a child，I hoped to live in the city.I

　　I would be happy there.Now I am living in a city，but I miss my home in

　　countryside.There the air is clean

　　the mountains are green.Unfortunately， the development of industrialization，the environment has been polluted.Lots of studies have

　　been

　　shown that global warming has already become a very

　　problem.The

　　we breathe in is getting dirtier and dirtier. rare animals are dying out.We must

　　ways to protect

　　environment.If we fail to do so，we'll live to regret it.