2017届高考英语一轮复习《全优课堂》模块知识总复习课件：必修3 unit 4《Astronomy：the science of the stars》（新人教版）

　　She had to raise her voice to make herself heard. 她不得不提高嗓门让人听到她的声音。 I make it a rule to go for a walk every day. 每天散步成了我的习惯。

　　【易错点津】 在被动语态中，此类结构中省略的动词不定式符号to 要还原。 例如： Tom was made to study hard by his parents. 汤姆被他父母要求努力学习。

　　【即时巩固】 语法填空 ①He managed to make himself ___________ (understand) in an interesting way. ②At no time should he be made __________ (take) a chance. ③He made__________

　　clear that he was against the theory. 【答案】①understood　②to take　③it 2．But when I tried to step forward, I found I was carried twice as far as on the earth and fell over. 而当我试着向前迈步时，我发觉我被送出去很远，步子的跨度竟是在地球上的两倍，因而我摔倒了。 句型提炼： 倍数＋as…as… twice as far as…是一种倍数的表示方法，意为“是……的两倍远”。英语里常见的倍数表达法有： A＋be＋倍数＋as＋adj./adv.原级＋as B A＋be＋倍数＋adj./adv.比较级＋than B A＋be＋倍数＋the＋名词(size/weight/ length…)＋of B 【句型剖析】

　　A new iPad in the market costs about three times the price of a second­hand one. 市场上一部新iPad的价格大约是一部二手货的三倍。

　　【即时巩固】 句型转换 亚洲是欧洲的四倍大(比欧洲大三倍)。

　　Asia is four times as large as Europe. ＝Asia is ①______________

　　of Europe. ＝Asia is ②______________

　　than Europe. 【答案】①four times the size ②three times larger 【即时巩固】 语法填空 ②We can't exist ____________ the money our parents are earning.　 ③There__________

　　(existence) several theories that explain how the world come into __________

　　(exist)． 【答案】①exist　②on　③exist；existence

　　3．puzzle n．谜；难题 vt.使困惑；使糊涂 【考点激活】 ①Tenyson's care for the elderly woman ____________ the flower seller. 丁尼生对老妇人的照顾使卖花的人很迷惑。(2017福建)

　　(1)puzzle about/over sth.　苦苦思索；仔细琢磨 (2)puzzling adj.　令人迷惑不解的 puzzled adj.　迷惑不解的(常用来修饰人) be puzzled by　被……迷惑 (3)be in a puzzle about/as to sth.　对某事迷惑不解 【知识建构】

　　People have long puzzled over how the Egyptians moved such huge rocks. 很长时间以来，人们一直在苦思冥想，埃及人是如何移动这些巨大石块的。(2015四川) 【即时巩固】 语法填空 The physics problem was ②____________ (puzzle)．The student looked at it with a ③____________(puzzle) expression.She was in ④______________puzzle as to what to do next.I thought she ⑤________________ (puzzle) by it. 【答案】①puzzled　②puzzling　③puzzled　④a　⑤was puzzled

　　4．pull n．& vt.拉(力)；拖；牵引力 【考点激活】 ①I sat down on the floor and ____________ a few books off the shelf at random. 我坐在地板上，随意地在书架上拽了几本书。(2015天津)

　　(1)pull away　(汽车等)开走 pull away from　挣脱；脱离 pull down　拆毁；摧毁；(把身体)拖垮 pull in　(车辆等)进站；停靠 pull out　驶出；拉出；拔出 pull through　康复；痊愈 pull up　停车 pull together　齐心协力 (2)push　v．推；推动 【知识建构】

　　The handshake seems to be longer than elsewhere.So do not pull away from the handshake. 在这个地方握手似乎要比其他地方握的时间长，所以握手时不要迅速挣脱。(2017浙江) It is easier to pull down than to build up. 拆房容易盖房难。

　　【图解助记】 【即时巩固】 完成句子 ②So long as we________________(齐心协力), we will create a good environment

　　to study in our class.(2015广东) ③Don't worry, your brother is going to____________ (康复)soon. ④ __________(用力推) when I tell you to. 【答案】①pulled　②pull together　③pull through　④Push hard 1．in time及时；终于 【考点激活】 ①We arrived in the summer, just ____________to enjoy the midnight sun. 我们在夏天到达，正好能及时享受到午夜的太阳。(2017四川) (1)in no time　立刻；马上 at no time　绝不 at a time　每次；一次 at one time　曾经；一度 at times　有时候 at the same time　同时 from time to time　有时；偶尔 (2)take one's time　别着急；慢慢来 pass/kill time　消磨时光 【知识建构】

　　In time you'll appreciate the beauty of this language. 总有一天你会体会到这门语言的优美之处。 At no time did they actually break the rules of the game.It was unfair to punish them. 他们实际上从未违反比赛规则，惩罚他们是不公平的。

　　【易错点津】 at no time位于句首时，句子要部分倒装；in no time意为“立刻， 马上”，无否定意义，置于句首，不引起倒装。

　　【即时巩固】 用time的相关短语填空 John was determined.He was poor in English, but ②_________

　　did he lose heart.③__________

　　he got a zero in the English exam, which made him very sad.His teacher encouraged him, saying “④__________ .If you keep on working hard, you will make progress ⑤___________.” Hearing this, John took action

　　⑥ ____________.

　　【答案】①in time 　②at no time　 ③At one time ④Take your time　⑤in time　 ⑥in no time

　　2．in one's turn轮到某人；接着 【考点激活】 ①When it was ____________， he told us a joke. 当轮到他时，他给我们讲了个笑话。

　　(1)in turn　依次；轮流；转而；反过来 by turns　轮流；交替 (2)take turns to do sth.　依次；轮班，轮流做某事 It is one's turn to do sth.　轮到某人做某事 (3)It turns/turned out that…　结果…… 【知识建构】

　　I wouldn't scold anyone for deciding to party on weekends and in turn I wouldn't expect anyone to give offence to me for focusing on my health. 我不会责怪任何决定在周末聚会的人，而且反过来我也不希望任何人因关注我的健康而冒犯我。(2015福建) It's your turn to watch out the stranger. 轮到你密切注视这个陌生人了。 【即时巩固】 完成句子 ②Theory is based on practice and ________________(反过来) serves practice. ③We ___________ (轮流照看)the old lady. ④It ______________(结果) his plan was a great success. 【答案】①in his turn　②in turn　③took turns to look after④turned out that

　　3．prevent…from 阻止；制止 【考点激活】 ①The real challenge is preventing light ______scattering. 真正的挑战在于阻止光线分散。(2015北京)

　　【知识建构】

　　You can't stop/keep people from saying what they think. 人们怎么想就会怎么说，你阻止不了。 【易错点津】 在主动结构prevent/stop…(from) doing sth.中的from可以省略，而keep…from doing sth.中的from不可以省略；在被动结构中的from均不能省略。

　　【即时巩固】 语法填空 ②We should prevent the river from _______ _______ (pollute)． ③Factories must be prevented __________ giving off smelly gas. ④It has been proved that wine helps protect __________

　　heart disease. 【答案】①from 　②being polluted　③from　④from/against 4．now that 既然 【考点激活】 ①______________ Chicago's waste water was draining efficiently into the Chicago River, the city's next step was to clean the polluted river. 既然芝加哥的废水大量排入芝加哥河，那么城市下一步的工作就是处理干净这些污染的水。(2015湖南)

　　【词义辨析】

　　now that 与since同义，语气较弱，指双方都明确的原因或众所周知的原因，侧重主句，从句表示显然的或已知的理由 because 语气最强，一般指事情发生的直接原因，回答why的提问时，一般放在主句之后 as 语气比because弱，所引导的从句表示的是显而易见的原因和理由，从句一般放在主句前 for 并列连词，表示推断的原因，或对前一分句补充说明理由；for表示这一用法时需放在两句之间 in that 意为“因为；由于”

　　She may need some help as she's new. 她是新来的，可能需要一些帮助。 I was fortunate in that I had friends to help me. 我很幸运，有一些朋友帮助我。

　　【即时巩固】

　　完成句子 ②________________________ (既然你得到了这个机会), you had better make full use of it. ③It must have rained last night, _________ _______(因为地面是湿的)． 【答案】①Now that ②Now that/Since you have got the chance ③for the ground is wet 1．This produced a chain reaction, which made it possible for life to develop. 这就产生了一系列的反应，使得生命得以发展了。

　　句型提炼： make＋宾语＋宾语补足语 句中it作形式宾语，possible为宾语补足语，to develop为真正的宾语。

　　(1)make＋宾语 ＋宾语补足语

　　【句型剖析】

　　(2)当该结构中的宾语是不定式短语或从句时，多用it作形式宾语，而把不定式短语或从句后置。即： make ＋ it ＋ 宾语补足语 ＋ 不定式短语或从句 Unit 4　Astronomy:

　　the science of the stars 话题·科学技术 假设你将参加某英语杂志社开展的一次征文活动，征文的内容要求你在电视、手机(cell)和网络三者中，放弃其中一个并陈述理由。请你以“Which would you give up: TV, cell, or Web？”为题，写一篇英语短文。

　　★话题词汇 1．update　vt.更新；使现代化 2．artificial　adj.人造的 3．intelligent　adj.智能的 4．negative effect　负面影响 5．scientific breakthrough　科学突破 6．potential ability　潜能

　　★话题佳句 1．No invention has received more praise and abuse than the Internet. 没有一项发明像互联网一样同时受到如此多的赞扬和批评。

　　2．It's believed that computer skills will help people enhance job or promotion chances. 大家都认为计算机技术可以帮助人们获得更多工作或提升机会。 3．We will spare no efforts to catch up with the advanced world levels. 我们将努力赶上世界先进水平。 Ⅰ.单词速忆 1．__________vt.&n．拉(力)；拖；牵引力 2．__________vi.&vt.(使)浮动；(使)漂浮 n．漂浮物 3．__________n．学说；理论 4．__________n．系统；体系；制度 5．__________n．大气层；气氛 pull float

　　theory system atmosphere 6．__________adv.因此；于是 7．__________vt.&vi.(使)迷惑；(使)为难n.谜；难题 →__________ adj.迷惑不解的 8．__________vi.存在；生存 →__________n．存在；生存；生活(方式) 9．__________n．生物学 →__________ n．生物学家 thus puzzle

　　puzzled

　　exist existence biology biologist 10．________n．物理学家 →__________ n．物理学 →__________ adj.物理的；物理学的 11．________n．宗教；宗教信仰 →__________ adj.宗教的；虔诚的 12．________adj.有害的 →__________ n．&vt.伤害；损害；危害 →__________ adj.无害的 physicist physics physical religion religious harmful harm harmless

　　13．_______adj.猛烈的；激烈的；强暴的 →_________adv.强烈地；猛烈地；激烈地 →__________n．暴力；暴力行为 14．________ prep.与……不同；不像 →__________(反义词) prep.像 →___________v．&n.不喜欢 violent violently violence unlike like dislike

　　Ⅱ.短语快译 1．_______________阻止；制止 2．_______________爆发；突发

　　3．_______________下蛋 4．_______________感到高兴；感到振奋

　　5．_______________密切注视；当心；提防

　　prevent…from… break out

　　lay eggs cheer up watch out

　　6．_______________产生；分娩

　　7．_______________挡住(光线)

　　8．_______________太阳系

　　9．_______________及时；终于

　　10．_______________轮到某人；接着

　　11．_______________既然 give birth to block out solar system in time in one's turn now that Ⅲ.句式仿写 1．The earth became so violent that it was not clear whether the shape would last or not.(so…that…) 仿写： 我的英语非常好，被选为英语老师的助手。(2015陕西) My English is _____________________ I am elected as assistant to my English teacher. 【答案】so good that

　　2．This produced a chain reaction, which made it possible for life to develop.(make it possible for sb./sth.to do) 仿写： 从这个故事中，我明白了勤奋能使我们克服巨大困难的道理。(2015福建) From the story, I have learned a lesson that hard work _______________ great difficulties. 【答案】makes it possible for us to overcome

　　3．I found I was carried twice as far as on the earth and fell over.(倍数表达法) 仿写： 这条河流是那条河流的三倍长。 This river is __________________ that one. 【答案】three times as long as

　　4．Walking does need a bit of practice now that gravity has changed.(now that引导原因状语从句) 仿写：期终考试结束了，孩子们看上去都很轻松愉快。 The children looked lighthearted _________ _____________________________________. 【答案】now that the final exam was over Ⅳ.单元语法 主语从句 用合适的关系词完成下面的句子 1．It is required in the regulations ________ ______ you should not tell other people the password of your e­mail account. 2．______________ is known to all is ______________ Diaoyu Island is part of China. 3．______________ breaks the law can't escape being punishment. 4．It remains to be seen ______________ the newly formed committee's policy can be put into practice. 5．______________ different countries have different traditions is natural. 【答案】1.that　2.What；that　3.Whoever　4.whether　5．That Ⅴ.教材活用 根据课文内容，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式 At the very 1.____ (begin), the earth was just a cloud of energetic dust.Then the dust 2._____ (combine) into a ball moving around the sun.After that, it exploded loudly with fire and rock, 3.______ (produce) water vapor, carbon, nitrogen and other gases,4._______

　　in the end made the 5._______ (earth) atmosphere.

　　Then the earth cooled down, and water, one of the earth's special 6.__________ (quality), appeared and stayed on the earth, which made it possible for life to begin to develop.Some small plants growing in the water appeared on the earth's surface, followed by land animals,7.__________ (include) insects, amphibians, reptiles and the most important animals called dinosaurs.

　　Finally dinosaurs disappeared all of 8.__________

　　sudden and some small clever animals 9._____ _____ hands and feet appeared and spread all over the earth.In place of dinosaurs they became the10.__________ (important) animals on the planet — that is, human beings.

　　【答案】1.beginning　2.combined　 3.producing 4．which　5.earth's 　 6.qualities　7.including　8.a 9．with　10.most important 1．harmful adj.有害的 【考点激活】 ①Many wastes produced in the producing process are______________ as well. 在生产过程中产生的很多废物也是有害的。(2015江苏) (1)be harmful to sb./sth.　对某人/某物有害 (2)do harm to sb./do sb.harm　对某人有害 do more harm than good　弊大于利；害多利少 (3)There is no harm in doing sth. ＝It does no harm (for sb.) to do sth.　做某事没有坏处 (4)harmless　adj.无害的 【知识建构】

　　They can do more harm than good to family relationships. 对家庭关系而言，他们弊大于利。 There is no harm in making an apology to him first. 先向他道歉没有什么坏处。

　　【即时巩固】 一句多译 然后我意识到，浪费时间玩电脑游戏对我的学习和健康是有害的。(2015重庆) Then I realized that wasting time in playing computer games

　　②________________________(harmful)． ③_____________________ (do harm to)． 【答案】①harmful ②was harmful to my study and health ③did harm to my study and health 2．exist vi.存在；生存 【考点激活】 ①The goal is to find out whether kids using today's new technology can teach themselves to read in places where no schools or teachers ____________. 目标是弄清楚在没有老师或者学校的地方，使用当今新科技的孩子们能否自学。(2017山东) (1)exist in…　存在于……之中 exist on…　靠……为生 There exists/existed…某地有……；存在…… (2)existence n．　存在；生存 come into existence 产生；成立；开始存在 (3)existent adj.　存在的，现存的 【知识建构】

　　Besides the color, there exist other differences. 除了颜色不同外，还有其他的区别。

　　【易错点津】 exist一般不用于进行时态，也不能使用被动语态。