要求考生分析作者运用某一写作手法的目的。常见的提问方式有:
⑴ The writer uses...to (show that) ______. ⑵ By quoting..., the author intends to_____. ⑶ By telling the story of..., the author intends to__________. ⑷ The story of...is used to __________. 作者运用某种写作手法的目的或是要引出主题、突出主题,或是要吸引读者关注主题,或是要把主题说明得更清楚。
分析写法目的 常用的写作手法的目的有:
⑴ 开头提出问题——让读者关注主题。 ⑵ 简介相关事物——为了引出主题。 ⑶ 列举具体事例——说明文段的主题。 ⑷ 运用比拟或比喻——让读者易理解抽象或陌生的事物。 ⑸ 引语——说明或论证某个观点,或使自己的观点更有说服力。
无论哪种手法,也不管出于何种目的,都必定与主题相关,为主题服务。
阅读下列短文节选,从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中,选出最佳选项。 1. The writer uses the two questions at the beginning of the passage to ______. A. test the readers’ knowledge about waves B. draw the readers’ attention to the topic C. show Jamie Taylor’s importance D. invite the readers to answer them 即学即用 解析: B
小船会被波浪涌起等问题作者不是不懂回答,后面的There is certainly a lot of energy in waves也说明了这点。这种明知故问叫“设问”,其目的是“引起读者关注主题”,启发人们思考。
2. By quoting (引用) the remark of a being from another planet, the author intends to____.
A. suggest human beings are controlled by a clock B. describe why clocks can rule the planet Earth C. tell readers what clocks look like D. compare chicks to human beings
解析:A
全文主旨是建议读者买古钟,作者引用这段话很可能是说明建议买古钟的原因, 即钟对人的重要性;由引语的首句The planet Earth is ruled by a mysterious creature和尾句This creature is the real master of Earth and men are its slaves可知,“人类由钟控制着”,故选A。
3. Jane and David’s story is used to show that_____ .
A. party-goers usually get hungry at parties B. party invitations can be confusing C. people should ask for food at parties D. birthday parties for middle-aged people are dull
解析:B
作者在前面两段叙述Jane和David的故事,他们原以为参加这个生日晚会是有吃的,结果等到11点也没有东西吃,不得不饿着回家。到第三段第一句,才点出本文的主题,“他们的经历表明:印在请帖上的字需要讲清楚。”像Jane 和David收到的请帖是令人困惑的,故选B(晚会请帖可能是令人困惑的)。
4. The story of Bill Clinton is used to________. A. improve US Kotean relations B. introduce the topic of the text C. describe his visit to Korea D. tell us how to address a person 解析:B
第二至五段可知,作者主要是谈文化差异可能会造成误解,作者对处理这种文化差异造成的交往困境提出了建议。可见,作者以克林顿的故事开头,就是为了引出主题。
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