2017届高考英语一轮复习夯实训练：Unit 6《Design》（北师大版含解析）

　　2017高考英语北师大版一轮复习Unit 6夯实训练含答案

　　高考题型提能练(六)　Unit 6

　　The adobe dwellings(土坯房)

　　1

　　(build) by the Pueblo Indians of the American Southwest are admired by even

　　2

　　most modern of architects and engineers.In addition to their simple beauty，what makes the adobe dwellings admirable is their

　　3

　　(able) to “air condition”a house without

　　4

　　(use)electric equipment.Walls made of adobe take in the heat from the sun on hot days and give out that heat

　　5

　　(slow)during cool nights，thus warming the house.When a new day breaks，the walls have given up their heat and are now cold enough

　　6

　　(cool) the house during the hot day：

　　7

　　the same time，they warm up again for the night.This cycle

　　8

　　(go) day after day: The walls warm up during the day and cool off during the night and are thus always a timely offset(抵消)for the outside temperatures.As

　　9

　　(nature) architects，the Pueblo Indians figured out exactly

　　10

　　thick the adobe walls needed to be to make the cycle work on most days.

　　【语篇导读】　相比现代化的建筑，简陋的土坯房可谓丑陋不堪。但当代的建筑师却对其情有独钟。短文主要介绍了土坯房能够调节温度的原理。

　　1．built　[考查过去分词短语作后置定语。主语dwellings与动词build之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，故用过去分词形式。又由by一词的暗示也可知用表示被动意义的过去分词。]

　　2．the　[考查定冠词的用法。空格之后为形容词的最高级形式，故填定冠词。]

　　3．ability　[考查形容词与名词的转换。形容词性物主代词their之后应当用名词，故将able转化为其名词形式。]

　　4．using　[考查介词的用法。介词without之后的动词要用动名词形式。]

　　5．slowly　[考查副词的用法。由土坯制成的墙壁在炎热的白天吸收太阳的热量并在凉爽的夜间慢慢将热量释放出来。修饰谓语动词give out，因此要用副词形式。]

　　6．to cool　[考查固定句式的用法。“形容词＋enough＋动词不定式”为一常用句式。]

　　7．at　[考查固定短语的用法。at the same time意为“同时”，是一个常用介词短语。]

　　8．goes　[考查动词的时态。这是一篇说明文，主要介绍了土坯房冬暖夏凉的原理，故用一般现在时态。]

　　9．natural　[考查形容词的用法。修饰名词architects，故要用形容词形式。]

　　10．how　[考查宾语从句的连接词用法。分析句子结构可知，这是一个宾语从句。根据形容词thick及结构可知这里的意思是印第安人要算出土坯墙的确切厚度。所以答案为how。]

　　Ⅰ.阅读理解

　　AIn modern society there is a great deal of argument about competition. Some value it highly, believing that it is responsible for social progress and prosperity. Others say that competition is bad; that it sets one person against another; that it leads to unfriendly relationship between people.

　　I have taught many children who held the belief that their selfworth relied on how well they performed at tennis and other skills. For them, playing well and winning are often lifeanddeath affairs. In their singleminded pursuit of success, the development of many other human qualities is sadly forgotten.

　　However, while some seem to be lost in the desire to succeed, others take an opposite attitude. In a culture which values only the winner and pays no attention to the ordinary players, they strongly blame competition. Among the_most_vocal are youngsters who have suffered under competitive pressures from their parents or society. Teaching these young people, I often observe in them a desire to fail. They seem to seek failure by not trying to win or achieve success. By not trying, they always have an excuse: “I may have lost, but it doesn't matter because I really didn't try.” What is not usually admitted by themselves is the belief that if they had really tried and lost, that would mean a lot. Such a loss would be a measure of their worth. Clearly, this belief is the same as that of the true competitors who try to prove themselves. Both are based on the mistaken belief that one's selfrespect relies on how well one performs in comparison with others. Both are afraid of not being valued.

　　Only as this basic and often troublesome fear begins to dissolve (缓解) can we discover a new meaning in competition.

　　文章大意：本文是一篇议论文。文章首先提出论点“现代社会关于竞争有很多争议”，然后详细分析了不同人对竞争的不同看法。

　　1．What does this passage mainly talk about?

　　A．Competition helps to set up selfrespect.

　　B．Opinions about competition are different among people.

　　C．Competition is harmful to personal quality development.

　　D．Failures are necessary experiences in competition.

　　答案：B　主旨大意题。根据文章首句“In modern society there is a great deal of argument about competition.”可知，现代社会关于竞争有很多争议。下文内容围绕这一点详细分析了不同人对竞争的不同看法，因此这便是文章的中心论点。故B项正确。

　　2．Why do some people favor competition according to the passage?

　　A．It builds up a sense of duty.

　　B．It pushes society forward.

　　C．It improves personal abilities.

　　D．It encourages individual efforts.

　　答案：B　细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“Some value it highly, believing that it is responsible for social progress and prosperity.”可知，有人认为竞争是社会进步和繁荣的动力。故B项正确。

　　3．The underlined phrase “the most vocal” in Paragraph 3 means ________.

　　A．those who try their best to win

　　B．those who value competition most highly

　　C．those who are against competition most strongly

　　D．those who rely on others most for success

　　答案：C　词义猜测题。根据语境可知，有些人渴望成功，而有些人持相反的态度。在只注重赢家而不注意普通人的文化价值观下，他们强烈谴责竞争。其中最直言不讳的就是那些来自父母和社会的竞争压力下挣扎的年轻人。根据“Among”可知，画线词是指上文提到的那些强烈谴责竞争的人。故C项正确。

　　4．What is the similar belief of the true competitors and those with a “desire to fail”？

　　A．One's worth lies in his performance compared with others'.

　　B．One's success in competition needs great efforts.

　　C．One's achievement is determined by his particular skills.

　　D．One's success is based on how hard he has tried.

　　答案：A　细节理解题。根据最后一段倒数第三、四句“Clearly, this belief is the same as that of the true competitors who try to prove themselves. Both are based on the mistaken belief that one's selfrespect relies on how well one performs in comparison with others.”可知，A项正确。

　　5．Which point of view may the author agree to?

　　A．Every effort should be paid back.

　　B．Competition should be encouraged.

　　C．Winning should be a lifeanddeath matter.

　　D．Fear of failure should be removed in competition.

　　答案：D　推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句“Only as this basic and often troublesome fear begins to dissolve (缓解) can we discover a new meaning in competition.”不难看出作者的态度；只有消除竞争中的畏惧心理，我们才能发现竞争的意义。故D项正确。

　　B

　　(2016·包头测评)According to a new US study, couples who expect their children to look after them in old age should hope they have daughters because daughters are twice as attentive as sons overall.

　　The research by Angelina Grigoryeva, from Princeton University, found that, while women provide as much care for their elderly parents as they can manage, men do as little as they can get away with and often leave it to female family members.

　　Her analysis of the family networks of 26,000 older Americans concluded that gender (性别) is one of the most important things that decide whether or not people will actively care for their elderly parents.

　　In a paper presented at the annual conference of the American Sociological Association in San Francisco, she concludes that simply having a sister makes men likely provide less care.

　　Using data from the University of Michigan Health and Retirement Study, a study which has been tracking a cross­section of over­50s for the last decade, she calculated that women provide an average of 12.3 hours a month of care for elderly parents while men offer only 5.6 hours.

　　“Sons reduce their relative care­giving efforts when they have a sister, while daughters increase theirs when they have a brother.”

　　“This suggests that sons pass on parent care­giving responsibilities to their sisters.”

　　In the UK, the 2011 Census showed that there are now around 6.5 million people with caring responsibilities, a figure which has risen by a tenth in a decade.

　　But many are doing so at the risk of their health. The census showed that those who provide 50 hours or more of care a week while trying to hold down a full­time job are three times more likely to be struggling with ill health than their working counterparts who are not carers.

　　1.According to the passage, what's the most important factor to predict if people will actively care for the elderly?

　　A.Education.　B.Gender.

　　C.Career.

　　D.Income.

　　2.The US study finds that ________.

　　A.having a sister makes men less likely to look after their parents

　　B.sons are twice as likely as daughters to care for parents in old age

　　C.sons and daughters seem to give equal care to their parents

　　D.sons are unwilling to leave care­giving responsibilities to their sisters

　　3.What does the author stress in the last paragraph?

　　A.People should give up their job to care for the elderly.

　　B.Many care providers work longer hours than others.

　　C.Many care providers have potential health problems.

　　D.People shouldn't pass on caring responsibilities to others.

　　4.The author develops the text by ________.

　　A.explaining social networks of careers

　　B.describing people's experiences

　　C.comparing different gender behavior

　　D.analyzing various researches and data

　　1．解析：选B　细节理解题根据第三段中的“concluded that gender (性别) is one of the most important things that decide whether or not people will actively care for their elderly parents”可知决定人们是否会主动照顾老年人的最主要因素是性别故选B解析：选A　细节理解题根据第四段可知美国社会学家Angelina Grigoryeva得出结论家中有姐妹的男士对父母的照顾可能会更少与A项内容一致故A项正确解析：选C　推理判断题根据最后一段主题句“But many are doing so at the risk of their health.”及下文可知在最后一段作者着重指出很多护理提供者都有潜在的健康问题故选C解析：选D　写作手法题通读全文可知作者在第三五八段给出了研究的数据接着在相应数据段落的下一段分析得出结论由此可推知本文是以分析各种研究和数据得出相关结论的写作手法展开的故选DMr Peter Johnson，aged twenty­three，battled for half an hour to escape from his trapped car yesterday when it landed upside down in three feet of water.He took the only escape route—through the boot.

　　Mr Johnson’s car had ended up in a ditch (沟渠) at Romney Marsin，Kent after he lost proper control on ice and hit a bank.“Fortunately，the water began to come in only slowly，” Mr Johnson said.“I couldn’t force the doors open because they were jammed against the wails of the ditch and dared not open the windows because I knew water would come flooding in.”

　　Mr Johnson，a sweet salesman of Sitting Home，Kent，first tried to attract the attention of other motorists by sounding the horn (笛) and hammering on the roof and boot. Then he began his struggle to escape.

　　Later he said，“It was really a half penny that saved my life.It was the only coin I had in my pocket and I used it to unscrew the back seat to get into the boot.I hammered desperately with a hammer trying to make someone hear，but no help came.”

　　It took ten minutes to unscrew the seat，and a further five minutes to clear the sweet samples from the boot.Then Mr Johnson found a wrench (扳手) and began to work on the boot

　　lock.Fifteen minutes passed by.“It was the only chance I had.Finally_it_gave，but as soon as I moved the boot lid，the water and mud poured in.I forced the lid down into the mud and climbed

　　up clear as the car filled up.”

　　His hands and arms cut and bruised，Mr Johnson got to Beckett Farm nearby.Huddled in a

　　blanket，he said，“That thirty minutes seemed like hours.” Only the tips of the car wheels were

　　visible，police said last night.The vehicle had sunk into two feet of mud at the bottom of the

　　ditch.

　　1．Which of the following objects is the most important to Mr Johnson?

　　A．The hammer.B．The coin.

　　C．The seat.D．The horn.

　　2．We know from the passage that________.

　　A．Mr Johnson’s car stood on its boot as it fell down

　　B．Mr Johnson’s car accident was partly due to the slippery road

　　C．Mr Johnson struggled in the pouring mud as he unscrewed the back seat

　　D．Mr

　　Johnson could not escape from the door because it was full of sweet jam

　　3．“Finally it gave” in Paragraph 5 means that________.

　　A．at last the wrench went broken

　　B．the chance was lost at the last minute

　　C．the lock came open after all his efforts

　　D．luckily the door was torn away in the end

　　4．What is the best title for this newspaper article?

　　A．Driver Escapes through Car Boot

　　B．The Story of Mr Johnson，a Sweet Salesman

　　C．The Driver Survived a Terrible Car Accident

　　D．Car Boot Can Serve as the Best Escape Route

　　阅读理解

　　语篇解读　本文是一篇资讯报道。文章主要讲述了Mr Johnson在自己的车意外坠入三英尺深的沟渠后如何自救逃生的故事。

　　1．解析：　细节理解题。根据第四段Mr Johnson所说的话“It was really a half penny that saved my life.It was the only coin I had in my pocket”可知，是一枚硬币(coin)救了他的命，硬币对他极其重要。

　　答案：　B2．解析：　推理判断题。根据第二段第一句“Mr Johnson’s car had ended up in a ditch (沟渠) at Romney Marsin，Kent after he lost proper control on ice and hit a bank.”可推知，可能是由于路滑导致了这起事故。

　　答案：　B

　　3．解析：　句意理解题。根据第五段第二句“Then Mr Johnson found a wrench (扳手) and began to work on the boot

　　lock.”可知，文中画线的it指的是“the boot lock”，此处指他打开了锁。

　　答案：　C

　　4．解析：　标题概括题。根据对文章的整体理解和第一段的概述可知，本文主要讲的是一位司机在意外坠入三英尺深的沟渠后如何自救逃生的故事，故选A项。

　　答案：　A

　　Ⅱ.任务型阅读

　　(2016·银川质量检测)

　　How to Love Your Parents

　　Even if you think that your parents are mean­spirited at times, loving your parents is a normal and fulfilling part of life. You love them for the fact that they created you, raised you, and are in part a source of who you are. Here are some ways to love your parents.

　　1.________

　　A gentle “good morning” and “I love you” will warm a coldest heart. Remember that they brought you into this world. Without your parents, you might still wander at an unknown corner in an unknown world.

　　Respect them more and cherish these moments. You can use these moments to learn from them for when you're off on your own. It's OK to get angry but angry actions don't help you or your parents. Act calmly, cool off, journal about your feelings, or talk to a friend.

　　2.________

　　Obey their requests. It will make your attitude better and earn you more respect from them. It may seem like you are going through hell when you don't get what you want or you have to clean. However, you had better remember they keep a roof over your head when it's cold, raining, snowing, or too hot. Understand that parents are human beings and make mistakes. 3.________

　　Since you can forgive your friends, why not forgive your parents?

　　Keep company with them. Do things with your parents like watching TV, or go somewhere with them. 4.________

　　Listen to their old stories and learn from them. You will find they are your teachers in this way or another.

　　Some people simply may not be able to love their parents. 5.________

　　Seek help if you are being abused in any way. Parents do not have a right to harm you.

　　A.Forgiveness is the key.

　　B.Tell them you love them every morning.

　　C.Parents will in turn express their love to you.

　　D.After this, share your feelings with your parents.

　　E.Anyway, spend as much time with them as you can.

　　F.Please remember parents are as important as friends.

　　G.There can be realistic reasons for this, family violence for example.

　　Ⅲ.完形填空

　　(2016·太原学段测评)Eyes are a kind of language we use to express ourselves. Through one's eyes, we can __1__ sorrow, happiness or encouragement and many other __2__. Eyes are always one of the fastest and most direct organs to __3__ our thoughts.

　　I still remember an __4__ experience, which happened when I took part in a singing contest at the age of nine. It was the __5__ of my mother's eyes that encouraged me to go for it. I had showed great __6__ in singing before that. But I was too shy to sing in __7__. So one day my mother took me to __8__ up for the singing contest. With my mother's __9__ and encouragement, I was determined to meet that __10__. Standing on the stage, I suddenly found I became the __11__ of all the eyes. I got so nervous that I couldn't even __12__ my eyes open. When it was my turn to be introduced to the audience and sing, I became even more __13__. I felt my legs were shaking and my memory seemed __14__， as I couldn't remember anything. Searching for help, I __15__ my mother's eyes which were sparkling with encouragement and strong power. It seemed that they were __16__ to me, “Come on, Baby! Take it easy. I'll __17__ be with you！” I read the message through her eyes and at that moment I __18__ my confidence and began to sing my song. When I came down from the stage, she came up to me and gave me a __19__ hug, saying, “Great! I'm proud of you！” At that time, I found her eyes filled with tears of __20__. Sometimes, you see, just the encouraging eyes themselves can make a shy person brave.

　　1.A.feel　B.read

　　C.find

　　D.cause

　　2.A.emotions

　　B.passions

　　C.expressions

　　D.impressions

　　3.A.rewrite

　　B.rebuild

　　C.reveal

　　D.repeat

　　4.A.unbelievable

　　B.unfair

　　C.unable

　　D.unforgettable

　　5.A.right

　　B.power

　　C.sense

　　D.sight

　　6.A.interest

　　B.pride

　　C.surprise

　　D.delight

　　7.A.audience

　　B.school

　　C.public

　　D.hall

　　8.A.sing

　　B.jog

　　C.join

　　D.sign

　　9.A.cooperation

　　B.company

　　C.comprehension

　　D.conduct

　　10.A.challenge

　　B.difficulty

　　C.change

　　D.discussion

　　11.A.distance

　　B.direction

　　C.focus

　　D.front

　　12.A.have

　　B.make

　　C.let

　　D.keep

　　13.A.curious

　　B.nervous

　　C.serious

　　D.anxious

　　14.A.gone

　　B.brought

　　C.missed

　　D.left

　　15.A.turned

　　B.opened

　　C.met

　　D.raised

　　16.A.telling

　　B.passing

　　C.sending

　　D.speaking

　　17.A.usually

　　B.always

　　C.almost

　　D.even

　　18.A.regained

　　B.recited

　　C.received

　　D.returned

　　19.A.sudden

　　B.blank

　　C.big

　　D.suitable

　　20.A.encouragement

　　B.sorrow

　　C.regret

　　D.joy

　　Ⅳ.短文改错

　　(2016·南宁市高中毕业班适应性测试)I can well remember if I didn't pass the Chinese exam several times in last year. I felt that I was laughed by all the other classmates. My Chinese teacher notices my difficulty, so she gave me any advice and told me to change my attitude. With her help, I tried to face the trouble with the positive attitude. To my surprise, everything changed great. It was not long after I made great progress in my Chinese. Life is full of difficulties. Sometime you may not be able to decide the situation you are in, and you can change your attitude.

　　高考题型提能练(六).1～5　BDAEG.

　　1．解析：选B　句意：透过眼神我们可以读懂(read)其蕴含的悲伤愉悦或鼓励等多种情绪故B项正确2．解析：选A　emotion“情绪情感”根据本句中的“sorrow, happiness or encouragement and many other”可推知这里是指像悲伤愉悦等其他情感故A项正确3．解析：选C　reveal“揭示表露”句意：眼睛总是最快最直接表露我们思想情感的人体器官之一故C项正确4．解析：选D　unforgettable“难以忘怀的”根据下文可知9岁时作者在妈妈的鼓励下参加了歌唱比赛这段经历令作者难以忘怀故D项正确5．解析：选B　power“功能力量”句意：就是母亲眼神所传递的力量鼓舞了我参加歌唱比赛由15空后的“strong power”也可得到提示故B项正确6．解析：选A　interest“兴趣”根据语境可知9岁时作者就参加了歌唱比赛这说明至此以前她擅长唱歌对唱歌很感兴趣show interest in ...“对……表现出兴趣”故A项正确7．解析：选C　public“公开场合”由“But”可知虽然作者对唱歌很感兴趣但太害羞而不敢在公开场合唱歌in public“在公开场合下”故C项正确8．解析：选D　sign up for ...“报名参加……”符合语境故D项正确9．解析：选B　cooperation“合作”；company“陪伴”；comprehension“理解”；conduct“引导指导”根据语境可知在母亲的陪伴和鼓励下作者参加了歌唱比赛故B项正确10．解析：选A　challenge“挑战”根据语境可知在母亲的陪伴和鼓励下作者参加了歌唱比赛这意味着她要面对挑战克服害羞在公众场合唱歌故A项正确11．解析：选C　focus“焦点中心”根据语境可知站在舞台上作者发现观众都看着她(多双眼睛聚焦于她)慌了神故C项正确12．解析：选D　根据语境可知作者站在舞台上观众都看着她她慌了不敢睁开眼睛看keep“使某物一直保持……状态”这里是指作者“不敢让眼睛一直睁着”故D项正确13．解析：选B　nervous“紧张的”根据上文“so nervous”以及“even more”可知当被介绍要唱歌时作者感到更加紧张故B项正确14．解析：选A　根据下文“as I couldn't remember anything”可知作者双腿打颤头脑一片空白(失去记忆)故A项正确15．解析：选C　当作者慌乱无措渴求帮助时她的眼神与母亲的眼神相遇了从母亲的眼神中她获得了鼓励和力量故C项正确16．解析：选D　根据下文“Come on, Baby ... ”可知母亲的眼睛好像会说话让作者加油别紧张speak to sb.“对某人说话”符合语境tell sb. sth.“告诉某人某事”tell后接双宾语故D项正确17．解析：选B　母亲的眼神鼓励作者加油要她别紧张母亲会一直陪伴其左右always的频度大于usually更能突出母亲对作者的关爱故B项正确18．解析：选A　regain“重新获得”根据语境可知作者读懂了母亲眼神的意味因此重新获得了信心和力量开始唱了起来故A项正确19．解析：选C　根据语境可知当作者唱完从舞台上走下来时母亲给了她一个大大的(big)拥抱这体现了母亲的高兴和自豪故C项正确20．解析：选D　joy“高兴”根据语境可知作者克服了害羞成功唱完整首歌母亲为之高兴自豪欣喜的眼泪夺眶而出故D项正确.第一句：if→that; 去掉in第二句：laughed后加at第三句：notices→noticed; any→some第四句：第二个the→a 第五句：great→greatly第六句：after→before第八句：Sometime→Sometimes; and→but