2017届高考英语一轮复习夯实练习：选修7U2《Robots》（新人教版含解析）

　　2017高考英语（人教版）选修7U2一轮夯实练习及答案

　　选修7

　　(2016·四川绵阳市高三二诊考试)Many teachers believe that hands－on experience is the __1__(good) way to learn.

　　A group of students in the United States are putting that belief to the test. They __2__ (success)

　　designed

　　and

　　built

　　a

　　robot

　　for

　　discovering unexplored mines __3__

　　the bottom of the sea. Students made the robot __4__(answer)

　　a challenge from the U．S. Department of Defense.

　　The students recently tested the underwater vehicle __5__(call) PerseusⅡ in a 95－meter－long tank of water at the Stevens Institute of Technology.

　　The robot costs about $15，000 to build. The students use a video game control to direct __6__(it) movements in the tank.

　　What’s more，devices known as Japters __7__ (able) the robot to go up，down and toward its target in the water. Video cameras on the robot send images back to a computer through a 13－meter－long cable.

　　Perseus Ⅱ also has __8__ set of lasers (激光)，which are used to measure the size of an object.

　　The robot is the creation of five undergraduate students. For over six months，they worked up __9__ 20 hours a week to design and build Perseus Ⅱ.

　　DeLorme supervised the project from __10__(begin) to end.

　　He says the specialized requirements of robots were demanding.

　　【语篇导读】　本文通过事实证明：亲身的实践经验是学习的最好方法。

　　1．best　[考查形容词最高级。此处表示“亲身的实践经验是学习的最好方法”，故用best。]

　　2．successfully　[考查副词。副词修饰动词designed和built作状语，故用successfully。]

　　3．at　[考查介词。at

　　the bottom of表示“在……的底部”，故用at。]

　　4．to answer　[考查动词不定式。在这里to answer是动词不定式作目的状语，表示“制造这个机器人是为了回应美国国防部的一项挑战”。]

　　5．called　[考查过去分词。此处应用过去分词作后置定语，表示“被叫作”，故用called。]

　　6．its　[movements可知，应用形容词性物主代词作定语。]

　　7．enable　[考查动词和时态。分析句子结构可知，主语是devices，谓语是设空处，故应用动词enable，表示“使发生”。且此处是一般性的描述，故应用一般现在时。]

　　8．a　[考查冠词。a set of表示“一系列”，故用a。]

　　9．to　[考查固定短语。up to表示“达到”，故用to。

　　10．beginning　[考查固定短语。from beginning to end表示“从头到尾”。]

　　单句语法填空

　　1．Having________ (pile)the fallen leaves in the yard，the cleaner left with a smile.

　　2．If you ________ (obey)the law，you would be punished.

　　3．After ________ ()her husband，she swore never to marry again.

　　4．It's surprising that he ________ (desire)so much money.

　　5．Before driving into the city，you are required to get your car________ (wash)．

　　6．This new medicine ________ (test)out on the animals for several times so far.

　　7．With the old people and young children________ (leave)alone at home，more and more peasants come to big cities to make a fortune.

　　8．She was very beautiful but she did not like____________(envy)by so many people.

　　9．Tim refused ________(accompany)by his father when he went for a haircut.

　　10．Often the robots would favour designs that were________ (grand)than their owners wanted.

　　答案　1.piled　2.disobeyed　3.divorcing　4.desired　5.washed　6.has been tested　7.left　8.to be envied　9.to be accompanied　10.grander

　　After 22 years of marriage，I have discovered the secret to keep love alive in my relationship with my wife，Peggy.I started dating another woman.

　　One day Peggy said to me，“Life is too__1__，and you need to spend time with the people you love.You probably won’t believe me，but I know you love her and I think that if you spend more time with her，it will make us__2__.”

　　The “other” woman my wife was encouraging me to__3__is my mother，a 72­year­old widow who has lived alone since my father__4__20 years ago.Right after his death，I__5__2,500 miles away to California and started my own life and career.When I moved back near my hometown six years ago，I promised myself that I would spend more time with my mom.But with the__6__of my job and three kids，I never got around to seeing her much__7__family get­togethers and holidays.

　　Mom was__8__and suspicious when I called and suggested the two of us go out to dinner and a movie.

　　We didn’t go anywhere __9__，just a neighboring place where we could talk.__10__her eyes now see only large shapes and shadows，I had to read the menu for her.

　　“I used to be the__11__when you were little，” she said.

　　“Then it is time for you to relax and let me__12__the favor，” I said.

　　We had a nice talk__13__dinner，just catching up on each other’s lives.We talked for so long that we__14__the movie.

　　“__15__was your date？my wife asked when I got home that evening.”

　　“Nice...nicer than I thought it would be，” I said.

　　Mom and I get out for__16__a couple of times a month.Sometimes we take in a movie，but__17__we talk.Through the talks，I know what it was like for her to work in a factory during the Second World War.I know how she met my father there，and know how they__18__the difficult times.I can’t get enough of these stories.They are__19__to me，a part of my history.

　　Peggy was right.Dating another woman has__20__my marriage.

　　【语篇解读　22年的婚姻之后，作者发现了维系夫妇二人良好关系的秘诀，那就是与另外一个女人约会，这个女人不是别人，正是自己的母亲。

　　1.A.easy

　　B．difficult

　　C．short

　　D．hard

　　解析　根据1空后面的内容可知，作者的妻子认为人生太“短暂”。

　　答案　C

　　2． A.closer B．longer

　　C．happier D．easier

　　解析　此处与第一段中的relationship相呼应，意思是这样做能让我们之间的关系“更加亲密”。

　　答案　A

　　3．A.date B．please

　　C．meet

　　D．consult

　　解析　根据第一段后半部分中的dating可知，作者的妻子鼓励作者与之“约会”的对象是作者的母亲。

　　答案　A

　　4．A.passed out B．passed by

　　C．passed down

　　D．passed away

　　解析　根据4空前面的widow可知，作者的母亲是一位寡妇，由此可知她自从丈夫在20年前“去世”后就一直独居。另外，5空前面的death是线索提示。

　　答案　D

　　5．A.went B．drove

　　C．moved

　　D．removed

　　解析　就在父亲去世后，作者“搬”到了2 500英里之外的加利福尼亚，开始了自己的生活和事业。此外，下一句开头部分的内容也是线索提示。

　　答案　C

　　6．A.pressure B．development

　　C．demand

　　D．loss

　　解析　虽然作者自我承诺多花时间陪母亲，但是由于工作和三个孩子的“需要”，除了家庭团聚和假期之外，作者从未能履行自己的诺言。

　　答案　C

　　7．A.beyond B．with

　　C．during D．on

　　解析　参见上题解析。此处beyond表示“除……之外”。

　　答案　A

　　8．A.excited B．annoyed

　　C．delighted D．surprised

　　解析　作者此前很少陪伴母亲，如今突然给母亲打电话并建议两人一同外出就餐和看电影，她显然很“惊讶”。本句中的suspicious也是线索提示。

　　答案　D

　　9．A.ordinary B．fancy

　　C．plain D．common

　　解析　作者和母亲并没有去任何“豪华的”地方，仅仅去了一个附近的可以说话的地方。

　　答案　B

　　10. A．Since B．Until

　　C．If D．Unless

　　解析　“因为”她的视力不佳，作者不得不将菜单读给母亲听。

　　答案　A

　　11．A.worker B．waitress

　　C．reader

　　D．owner

　　解析　此处与上一段中的read相呼应，意思是当作者小的时候，作者的母亲经常是“读者”。

　　答案　C

　　12．A.award B．return

　　C．turn D．answer

　　解析　如今作者的母亲年事已高，是作者“回报”恩惠的时候了。

　　答案　B

　　13．A.over B．with

　　C．on D．across

　　解析　作者和母亲在晚饭期间交谈甚欢，此处over表示“在……期间”。

　　答案　A

　　14．A.forgot B．refused

　　C．missed

　　D．abandoned

　　解析　作者和母亲交谈的时间很长，以至于“错过”了那部电影。

　　答案　C

　　15．A.What

　　B．Who

　　C．Where D．How

　　解析　根据下一段中的内容可知，作者的妻子询问的是这次约会“如何”。

　　答案　D

　　16．A.talk B．movie

　　C．walk D．dinner

　　解析　根据第8空后面的“go out to dinner”可知作者和母亲每个月都要出去吃几次“晚饭”。

　　答案　D

　　17．A.finally B．merely

　　C．mostly

　　D．especially

　　解析　上文提到作者和母亲长时间交谈，以至于错过了电影，由此可知，两人在一起的时候“主要”是交谈。

　　答案　C

　　18．A.went through

　　B．got through

　　C．looked through D．saw through

　　解析　通过交谈，作者知道了母亲如何与父亲相识和他们如何“渡过”那些困难时光。

　　答案　A

　　19．A.friendly

　　B．kind

　　C．loyal

　　D．important

　　解析　根据上下文内容可知，这些故事对作者而言很“重要”。

　　答案　D

　　20．A.ruined B．damaged

　　C．helped D．affected

　　解析　根据第一段第一句的内容可知，与母亲约会对作者的婚姻有“帮助”。

　　答案　C“America’s No.1 Health Problem.” So reads the headline of an article published by the American Institute of Stress that claims the biggest threat to health today is neither cancer nor AIDS. The report says: “It has been estimated（估计）that 75 to 90 percent of all visits to primary care physicians are for stress related problems.”

　　It is no exaggeration（夸张）to say that people today are being attacked by stress. According to the National Consumers League, “Work is the top source of stress for adults who have problems and stress in their lives (39%), followed by family (30%). Other sources include health (10%), concern about the economy (9%) and concern about international conflict and terrorism (4%).”

　　However, stress is hardly unique to the United States. A British survey in 2005 estimated that “over half a million individuals in Britain believed in 2004 that they were experiencing work-related stress at a level that was making them ill.” As a result of “work-related stress, depression or anxiety,” there are “an estimated thirteen and a half million reported lost working days per year in Britain.”

　　The picture is no less bleak in mainland Europe. According to the European Agency for Safety and Health at Work, “work-related stress has been shown to affect millions of European workers across all types of employment sectors.” One survey revealed that there are “about 41 million workers affected by work-related stress each year.”

　　What about Asia? A report issued by a conference held in Tokyo concluded: “Job stress is a common concern among many countries in the world, both developing and industrialized countries.” The report observed that “several countries in East Asia, including China and Korea, have rapidly industrialized and economically grown. These countries now have a lot of concerns on job stress and its harmful effects on workers’ health.”

　　1. The author quoted “America’s No.1 Health Problem.” (Para. 1) in order to ______.

　　A. talk about health problems in America

　　B. introduce the topic of stress

　　C. emphasize the stress in America

　　D. tell readers something about American Institute of Stress

　　答案解析：答案为B。本题为推理题。本文的内容是为了揭示世界上人们的工作压力非常大，对健康造成了威胁，因此作者在开头使用“America’s No.1 Health Problem”是为了引入压力的话题，故答案为B。

　　2. From the passage we can learn that

　　.

　　A. both cancer and AIDS are not as serious as the threat of stress to health

　　B. stress is mainly from working and living pressure

　　C. Americans never care about international conflict and terrorism

　　D. people in mainland Europe are more optimistic than English people

　　答案解析：答案为B。本题为细节推理题。由第二段 “Work is the top source of stress for adults who have problems and stress in their lives (39%), followed by family (30%). Other sources include health (10%), concern about the economy (9%) and concern about international conflict and terrorism (4%).” 可知，工作和家庭生活中的压力比重最大，故B选项正确，C选项错误。

　　由第一段 “America’s No.1 Health Problem.” So reads the headline of an article published by the American Institute of Stress that claims the biggest threat to health today is neither cancer nor AIDS.”可知，癌症和艾滋病没有压力带给健康的威胁那么严重的情况是在美国，不具有普遍性，故A选项错误。第三段揭示了英国人的工作压力非常大，第四段的首句理解是关键 “The picture is no less bleak in mainland Europe.” 意为“欧洲大陆的情况依旧不容乐观”，故D选项错误。

　　3. It can be inferred from the last paragraph that ______.

　　A. Asian people are more willing to develop their countries

　　B. the rapid economic development is the main reason for stress

　　C. some people in Asian countries have health problems from employment stress

　　D. Asian countries have a better situation of stress than Europe

　　答案解析：答案为C。本题为推理题。最后一段揭示了亚洲的压力情况，由该段的最后一句话 “These countries now have a lot of concerns on job stress and its harmful effects on workers’ health.” 可知，一些亚洲国家的工作压力也影响了人们的健康，故C选项正确，B选项错误，经济发展不是压力的主要原因，压力来自工作。A、D选项未提，均不选。

　　4. What’s the main subject of the passage?

　　A. Stress attacking health. B. How to deal with stress.

　　C. A survey on working stress. D. Health problems around the world.

　　答案解析：答案为A。本题考查文章的主题。全文揭示了在美国，欧洲，亚洲人们的工作压力对健康造成了威胁，故答案为A。

　　B段

　　More surprising,perhaps,than the current difficulties of traditional marriage is the fact that marriage itself is alive and increasing.As Skolnick notes,Americans are a marrying people:relative to Europeans,more of us marry at younger age.Moreover,after falling in the early 1970s,the rate of marriage in the United States is now increasing.Even the divorce rates need to be taken in this pro-marriage context:some 80 percent of divorced individuals remarry.Thus,marriage remains,by far,the preferred way of life for the vast majority of people in our society.

　　What has changed more than marriage is the nuclear family.Twenty-five years ago,the typical American family consisted of a husband,a wife,and two or three children.Now,there are many marriages in which couples have decided not to have any children.And there are many marriages where at least some of the children are from the wife's previous marriage,or the husband's,or both,sometimes these children spend all of their time with one parent from the former marriage;sometimes they are shared between two former spouses.

　　Thus,one can find every type of family arrangement.There are marriages without children;marriages with children for only the present marriage;marriages with“full-time”children from both the present and former marriages;marriages with“full-time”children from the present marriage and“part-time”children from former marriages.There are stepfathers,stepmothers,half-brothers,and half-sisters.It is not all that unusual for a child to have four parents and eight grandparents!These are enormous changes from the traditional nuclear family.But even so,even in the midst of all this,there remains one constant:most Americans spend most of their adult lives married.

　　1.By calling Americans marrying people the author means that__________.

　　　A.Americans are more traditional than Europeans

　　　B.Americans expect more out of marriage than Europeans

　　　C.there are more married couples in the USA than in Europe

　　　D.more of Americans as compared with Europeans,prefer marriage and they accept it at a younger age

　　2.Which of the following can be presented as the picture of today's American families?

　　　 A.A typical American family consists of only a husband and a wife.

　　　 B.Many types of family arrangements have become socially acceptable.

　　　 C.Americans prefer to have more kids than before.

　　　 D.There are no nuclear families any more.

　　.The“nuclear family”refers to___________.

　　A.families formed up by men or women working for nuclear power stations

　　B.married couples who are closely matched

　　C.family consists of married couples who do not want to have any child

　　D.family with small number of members

　　4.“Part-time”children________]

　　A.spend some of their time with their half-brothers and some of their time with their half-sisters

　　B.spend all of their time with one parent from the previous marriage

　　C.are shared between the two former spouses

　　D.cannot stay with“full-time”children

　　【参考答案】1—4、DBCC

　　四、七选五

　　(2015·河南省八市重点高中教学质监测)

　　Relax during a job interview

　　Few people actually like job interviewing. It's nerve­wracking trying to show your “best ”self to a perfect stranger. __1__ That's not easy, but there are some ways to pull yourself together and feel more confident.

　　Prepare solid talking points. It's always best to over­prepare for possible questions by not only researching the company and the person interviewing you, but also by preparing answers and practicing those responses. Review the skills and experiences requested in the job announcement and have two to three examples how you have demonstrated each one. __2__

　　Remember: It's a two­way street. This is conversation, not an interrogation(审问)．__3__ Remembering that this is a back and forth discussion, where you can—and should—ask questions as well as answer them, can help you feel more comfortable.

　　Just breathe. __4__

　　Your body will relax a lot. You want to avoid upper chest breathing, as it tends to just move you, stress upward to your face.

　　__5__

　　If you go into an interview picking apart your outfit or imperfect responses, you're only hurting your chances of coming off as calm and collected. Turn off your negative self­talk and then create a different self­talk message, like ，“I am here to share the best of my ability and that is all I can really do.”

　　Work it out. Putting in some gym time the morning of your interview can help you get rid of any nervous tension. Exercise helps calm your nervous system and tends to reduce the intensity of physical manifestations(表现形式)of stress such as restlessness.

　　A．Stop the negative thoughts.

　　B．Put your idea into practice.

　　C．When faced with an interviewer, you may be nervous.

　　D．Before you walk into your interview, take a few deep breaths.

　　E．You're trying to prove you're the one for the job and that you can handle stressful situations.

　　F．Don't forget that you're not the only one being interviewed—you're also interviewing the organization.

　　G．This will strengthen your answers and allow you to show how your experience is relevant to the job or organization for which you're interviewing.

　　文章大意：文章介绍在面试时如何摆脱紧张，让自己放松。

　　1．E　根据上句中的nerve­wracking并与E中的stressful前后对应等。故选E。

　　2．G　根据空前的Review the skills and experiences requested in the job announcement and have two to three examples how you have demonstrated each one.和G的strengthen，show，experience，job，organization等可知选G。

　　3．F　根据空前的This is conversation, not an interrogation(审问)和空后 Remembering that this is a back and forth discussion和题干F后not the only one等判断选F。

　　4．D　根据空前的Just breathe.和空后的关键词relax和D中的take a few deep breaths可判断选D。

　　5．A　根据空后的Turn off your negative self­talk and then create a different self­talk message和A中的stop the negative thoughts判断选A。