2017届高考英语一轮复习夯实练习：选修8U4《Pygmalion》（新人教版含解析）

　　2017高考英语（人教版）选修8U4一轮夯实练习及答案

　　选修8

　　(2016·广西桂林、崇左市高三4月联考)Our modern life is changing our eating habits.We are spending too much time in front of TV or computers and __1__(become) “couch potatoes” or “mouse potatoes”．We also eat too much junk food and we don’t get enough exercise.The foods we find in the supermarket are sometimes no

　　__2__(benefit) to us，and it is difficult to know exactly __3__

　　we are eating when we buy ready－made or pre－prepared dishes.Considering this situation，it is becoming __4__(much) important than ever

　　__5__(make) sure that we keep a healthy diet.

　　A healthy diet gives us the calories we need and don’t contain too much fat.The number of calories we need

　　__6__(change) depending on what kind of body we have (are we short，tall，heavy etc.)and how active we are.Quality food，or healthy food，gives us calories in the best way.Junk food，__7__

　　the other hand，gives us few calories and lots of fat and sugar.If we eat too much fat and sugar，we will put on

　　__8__(weigh) easily，in order to live

　　__9__

　　happy and long life，we should keep a __10__(balance) diet.

　　【语篇导读】　本文是一篇说明文。不良的饮食习惯给人们带来了很多危害，因此作者呼吁大家要养成健康的饮食习惯。

　　1．becoming　[考查动词的用法。与前面的“are spending”构成并列谓语，故用－ing形式。]

　　2．beneficial　[考查固定搭配的用法。谓语动词为系动词be，故用形容词作be no beneficial to”意思是“对……无益”。]

　　3．what　[考查关系词的用法。句意：当我们购买了现成的或提前准备好的食物时，我们很难清楚地知道我们吃的到底是什么。know后面的宾语从句中缺少宾语，故填what。]

　　4．more　[考查比较级的用法。根据后面的than这个词，可知要用形容词的比较级。]

　　5．to make　[

　　6．changes　[考查动词时态的用法。the number of 意思是“……的数目”。“The number of＋复数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数。]

　　7．on　[考查固定搭配的用法。on the other hand 为固定搭配，意思是“另一方面”。]

　　8．weight　[考put on后面缺少宾语，应当变成名词。“put on weight”是“增肥”的意思。]

　　9．a　[考查冠词的用法。live a happy life“过着幸福的生活”，这是固定词组。]

　　10．balanced　[考查形容词的用法。修饰名词diet要用形容词，balanced意思是“均衡的”。]

　　单句语法填空

　　1．Most of the students are willing ________ (condemn) his deed in the class as lack of manners.

　　2.You should realize that your________ (remarkable)may hurt the feelings of people around you.

　　3．People who harm others to benefit themselves are really ________ (disgust)．

　　4．I would have no ________ (hesitate)in declining the position.

　　5．It was at a wedding that I first made the ________ (acquaint)of him.

　　6．Yesterday her old mother________ me for her daughter.That means I was ________ for her daughter.In fact she often makes the same________．(mistake)

　　7．Tom is often________．Last year he went to Shanghai to try his ________．________ he met and married his girlfriend there.(fortune)

　　8．The children

　　____________ (classify) into different groups according to how much they know.

　　9．You should look up the right ________ (pronounce)of this word in the dictionary.

　　答案　1.to condemn　2.remarks　3.disgusting4．hesitation　5.acquaintance　6.mistook；mistaken；mistake　7.fortunate；fortune；Fortunately　8.were classified　9.pronunciation

　　Directions: For each blank in the following passages there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.

　　“What are you going to be when you grow up?” is a question that you may have been asked. You may not even know there are a variety of geography-related jobs.

　　The Association of American Geographers lists nearly 150 different geography jobs. So, if you are interested in people, places, and environments, consider a job in geography. Your work will not be limited to maps—it might range from

　　1

　　data to planning projects, or making decisions about the environment.

　　Processing Geographic Data

　　A geographer’s main activity is analyzing geographic information to answer geographic questions. Jobs processing geographic data begin, of course, with collecting the information. One on-the-ground job in data collection is that of a surveyor. Surveyors

　　2

　　and measure the land directly. They may mark boundaries, study the shape of the land, or even help find sewer(下水道) and water systems beneath the Earth. High-tech information-gathering jobs include working with Geographic Information Systems (GIS) data. Some examples of these jobs include remote sensing specialists and GIS analysts. Data analysis jobs require the ability to think

　　3

　　, high-level computer skills, and a college education.

　　Once data have been processed, a geographer may study the information to use in planning projects such as a new urban area, a(n)

　　4

　　evacuation(撤退) plan, or the placement of a new highway. Planners can also help determine how to make a neighborhood a better place to live. These jobs, too, require good critical thinking, writing, and computer skills, as well as a college education. Planners are

　　5

　　to the success of a community.

　　Advising Businesses and Government

　　About half of jobs using geography are in business and government. All kinds of businesses use geographic information to help build and

　　6

　　their operations. A location analyst studies an area to find the best location for a client. The client might be a large retail store chain that wants to know which location would be best for opening a new store. The location analyst can study GIS reports on such elements as transportation networks or population in an area and give the business owners the positive and

　　7

　　points about a location being considered.

　　In 1967, the Mexican government was looking for a location to create a new international tourist resort. They used location analysts to find an area that had good beaches and was easy to reach from the United States. The

　　8

　　was Cancún, today one of the world’s most desirable vacation sites.

　　Businesses connected with natural

　　9

　　such as forests also rely on geographers. Geographers help them understand the relationship between their business and the environment where their business is located.

　　In 1967, Cancún was a small island on Mexico’s Caribbean coast. It had white sand beaches, many birds and mangrove(红树) trees, but few people. After it was selected as a resort site, it was quickly

　　10

　　. Today, Cancún has more than 100 hotels and 500,000 permanent residents. Many work in the tourist industry that serves the millions of visitors who come each year from all over the world.

　　Physical and Human Geography

　　Physical geographers are sometimes called earth scientists. Some study such topics as geomorphology (地形学), that is, the study of how the shape of the Earth

　　11

　　. Others study weather and climate. Still others study water, the oceans, soils, or ecology. Jobs in these fields require

　　12

　　scientific training.

　　Some geographers study economic, political, and

　　13

　　issues as they relate to place or region. Human geographers are usually hired by government agencies to analyze a specific problem. These geographers work

　　14

　　with political scientists, economists, and sociologists.

　　Together, they provide possible solutions to problems from many different aspects of life in an area. And, of course, geographers teach the subject at all levels of

　　15

　　, from elementary schools to universities. But no matter what geography jobs people might hold, they are always trying to answer the basic geographic questions: “Where are things located?” and “Why are they there?”

　　1.A. performing

　　B. analyzing

　　C. appreciating

　　D. downloading

　　2.A. map

　　B. mine

　　C. shape

　　D. honour

　　3.A. creatively

　　B. critically

　　C. wildly

　　D. moderately

　　4.A. disaster

　　B. radioactivity

　　C. excursion

　　D. vacation

　　5.A. qualified

　　B. determined

　　C. valuable

　　D. feasible

　　6.A. survive

　　B. expand

　　C. manage

　　D. boom

　　7.A. negative

　　B. effective

　　C. depressive

　　D. profitable

　　8.A. scenery

　　B. destination

　　C. result

　　D. foundation

　　9.A. potentials

　　B. histories

　　C. resources

　　D. sciences

　　10.A. specialized

　　B. polluted

　　C. governed

　　D. transformed

　　11.A. proceeds

　　B. stretches

　　C. extends

　　D. changes

　　12.A. peculiar

　　B. special

　　C. reasonable

　　D. enthusiastic

　　13.A. psychological

　　B. contemporary

　　C. religious

　　D. social

　　14.A. closely

　　B. peacefully

　　C. loyally

　　D. sensitively

　　15.A. demonstration

　　B. revolution

　　C. examination

　　D. education

　　【参考答案】Section A

　　1--5 BABAC

　　6--10 BACCD

　　11--15 DBDAD

　　三、阅读理解

　　A段

　　Digging a Hole in China's Black Gold.

　　China's love affair with coal is set to last, but for investors the romance has come out of the relationship.

　　For the last few years, investors in China's coal section have been mining a rich seam(煤层). From the beginning of 2005 to the end of 2011, the level Qinhuangdao coal price rose 81%, supporting strong growth in profitability (利润)and enviable degree at mining majors like China Shenhua Energy.

　　But as any miner will tell you, the longer you work a seam, the more difficult it is to get value. China's coal prices have fallen nearly 10% in the last three months. A seasonal fall from the winter peak, and a cyclical（周期性的）slowdown brought about by China's slowing construction and money tightening, is only part of the picture. Those effects will fade, but coal miners will still have to battle against structural pressure for lower prices.

　　In 2008, China's 60 biggest miners the efficient excellences from a section with 9,000-plus firms accounted for just over half of civil production. Since then, the big have gotten bigger and the small are disappearing. Michael Parker, coal mining analyst at Sanford Bernstein, estimates in 2017 the top 60 miners will account for 80% of output.

　　The assumption has always been that it's the very low-cost little mining operations that will go to the wall, pushing prices up. In fact, Mr. Parker argues that it's small industrial operations working difficult seams, and with poor access to convey that will be the first to go. The exit of these high-cost means that spot prices will increasingly be set by bigger more efficient producers and that means pressure for prices to stay low.

　　With structural forces against a return to rising coal prices, investors in China's black gold should dig a huge stone hit their foot into a hole.

　　1. Which is the general idea of this passage?

　　A.Why it is difficult for China’s coal price to increase.

　　B. China's 60 biggest miners the efficient excellences.

　　C. the romance has come out of the relationship.

　　D. the low-cost little operations that will fail.

　　2. What is the investors’ attitude to China’s coal?

　　A. angry.

　　B. disappointed.

　　C. not excited.

　　D. very excited.

　　3.Which is a reason for the last few years’ Chinese investors feeling glad?

　　A. poor access to transport that will be the first to go.

　　B. investors in China's black gold got much money.

　　C. spot prices will be set by bigger producers.

　　D. coal price rose 81%.

　　4.The cause that led to a cyclical slowdown of coal price was______.

　　A. strong growth in profitability.

　　B. China's money tightening and slowing construction.

　　C. China's 60 biggest miners.

　　D. the small are disappearing.

　　5. The word “convey” in the fifth paragraph may mean ______.

　　A.transport.

　　B. change.

　　C. reduce.

　　D. increase.

　　本文为说明文，主要介绍中国的煤炭价格为何难以上涨，并具体分析其原因。

　　1.A。主旨大意题。因为本文主要讲中国的煤炭价格为何难以上涨，并具体分析其原因。

　　2.C。推理判断题。据第一段信息句China's love affair with coal is set to last, but for investors the romance has come out of the relationship. 中国与煤炭的“恋情”将继续下去，但对投资者来说，这段关系已经不能再让人怦然心动了。以此得知其态度是不很兴奋。

　　3. D。细节理解题。从第二段信息句For the last few years, investors in China's coal section have been mining a rich seam(煤层). From the beginning of 2005 to the end of 2011, the level Qinhuangdao coal price rose 81%理解得知煤价上升80%是投资者高兴的一个原因。

　　4. B。细节理解题。从第三段信息句A seasonal fall from the winter peak, and a cyclical（周期性的）slowdown brought about by China's slowing construction and money tightening, is only part of the picture.理解到电煤需求较冬季取暖高峰期出现季节性的下滑，是由中国不断放缓的建筑施工和货币紧缩措施造成的。

　　5. A。词义猜测题。联系前后文理解到本句意为：实际上，帕克说，行业内的小型企业（开采的煤层难度较大、交通不便）将是首先被淘汰出局的。故这里是“运输”的意思。

　　B段

　　阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。

　　Researchers from France and Italy discovered that Canadian parents are less strict with their children than mothers and fathers in France and Italy.

　　“Our most important finding was the difference between Canadians and the others，” said Professor Michel Claes，the lead author of the study.“Canadians focus on independence and negotiation. On the other hand，Italians，for example，exercise more control. We found Canadians seem to focus on negotiation in case of a conflict.”

　　Claes said Canada，France and Italy were selected for the study because they share important cultural and social factors.“We chose French­Canadians because they share the same language as France，and originally came from France and share certain values. Italy was included because it was considered to have similar，strong and important family values，” he explained.

　　The researchers examined the emotional ties between parents and their children by questioning 1,256 students aged 11 to 19 years old.

　　Canadian students reported less control and more free actions，according to the study. Italian parents were stricter and French parents were somewhere in the middle.

　　Claes explains that the differences lie in education in Canada，France and Italy.

　　“North America has its own educational values，which promote individualization. Tolerance and comprehension are encouraged. Italy，on the other hand，promotes respect of authority，control，and the need for permission.” he said.

　　Children from all three countries described their mothers as warm and communicative. Italian and Canadian children had similar feelings about their fathers，and reported high levels of emotional ties. But French fathers were generally thought by their children to be more distant and cold.

　　“We were surprised by this，” Claes admitted.“It seems as though the relationships between French mothers and their children were becoming closer over time，while fathers maintain a form of distance and coldness，which is more of a source of conflict in France than in the other countries.”

　　8．Professor Michel Claes believes that Canada，France and

　　Italy ________.

　　A．have the same family spirit

　　B．have some similar cultural traditions

　　C．have experienced some similar social changes

　　D．have experienced similar cultural developments

　　9．How did the researchers carry out the study ?

　　A．By collecting answers of parents from Canada，France and Italy.

　　B．By collecting answers of children from Canada，France and Italy.

　　C．By questioning parents and their children from Italian Canadian families.

　　D．By

　　questioning

　　children

　　from

　　French­Canadian families.

　　10. According to Michel Claes，what mainly leads to the differences in parent­children

　　relationships among Canada，France and Italy?

　　A．Educational opportunities.

　　B．Traditional ideas.

　　C．Educational values.

　　D．Historical events.

　　11．Which of the following is NOT a finding of the study?

　　A．French children have troubled relationships with their parents.

　　B．Canadian children have close relationships with their parents.

　　C．Italian children have good relationships with their parents.

　　D．Kids from Canada，France and Italy have closer ties with their moms.

　　参考答案1—4、BBCA

　　四、七选五

　　(2015·山东济南市5月针对性训练)

　　For some people，the warmest memories from childhood come from being read a great story.__1__ It develops children's language skills and increases their ability to succeed in school and，later，work.

　　A new report by the American Academy of Pediatrics says reading aloud is so important that parents should start as soon as their children are born and continue to read aloud even after their children can read by themselves.They say parents should also point to and talk about pictures in books for infants(婴幼儿)．__2__

　　The company Scholastic is a major U．S.publisher of children's books.Every two years，Scholastic publishes a report on American reading attitudes and habits.The 2015 report says only 31 percent of children in the U．S.read a book for fun almost every day.

　　__3__

　　One is simply to have books in the home.Elizabeth Lyttleton，the mother of three，is lucky.Her mother once wrote and illustrated children's books，so the family always have plenty to read.She says all her children learn from books but in different ways.__4__

　　Researchers from the Scholastic company found that 80%of children surveyed of all ages say they love being read to.And children ages 6 to 11 whose parents do not read to them anymore say they miss it.

　　__5__ Of all the six to 17­year­olds in the Scholastic study，more than 90%said their favorite books are the ones they chose for themselves.

　　A．The Scholastic report also suggests permitting children to choose their own books.

　　B．Scholastic also identifies some ways to develop a love of reading in a child.

　　C．A book does not have to be serious to be good for kids.

　　D．For young children，parents should ask questions about the book.

　　E．Do children still read for fun?

　　F．Another way to develop a reading habit in children is to read to them.

　　G．But reading to children does more than create warm memories.

　　文章大意：作者主要介绍父母们给孩子读书的好处，帮助孩子养成良好的读书习惯，喜欢读书，让孩子受益一生。

　　1．G　根据空前后与G中的关键词warm memories，reading，being read，children，childhood等可知答案。 But是关键提示词，首句意思是：对于很多人来说，童年最温暖的回忆(the warmest memory)就是有人给读故事(being read a great story)。选项G的“warm memories”对应空格前的“the warmest memory”；“reading to children”对应空格前的“being read a great story”和空格后的“it”。并且，选项G中的“more than”对应空格后的“It develops children's language skills(开发孩子的语言能力)and increases their ability to succeed in school, and later, work(并且增强孩子的学习能力和日后的职场能力)”。说明给孩子读故事的好处，不只是空格前的一句，还有空格后的两大好处，故选G。

　　2．D　根据空前后与D中的关键词：parents，questions，children，book，questions等。根据第二段的“start as soon as their children are born”和“infants(婴儿)”等词可以看出。本段讲的是要尽早开始培养阅读兴趣。D选项提到了“young children(幼儿)”一词，可以与本段的上文形成照应。而且，选项D的“ask questions”与上文的“point to”和“talk about”都是给幼儿读书时可以用到的方法，是并列关系。可知答案选D。

　　3．B　根据空前后与B中的关键词ways，love for reading等判断。 空格后的“One”是重点提示词。根据对本段结构的分析，后文有方法之一“One”，所以就会有方法之二。而3题位于本段开头，所以极有可能是总起本段。选项B中的“some ways”就能起到总起全段的作用。而且选项B的“develop a love of reading in a child”(开发孩子对阅读的热爱之情)在意思上也能统帅后文，都是讲的培养孩子阅读热情的方法。故答案选B。

　　4．F　根据空前后与F中的关键词another，one，read to them，being read等。3空格后的“One”是重要提示词。3空格后“One”一句是说方法之一是“to have books in the home”(家里有书)。那么下文就应该会有方法之二。在结构上形成对应上的只有F选项，因为F选项有“Another”一词。而且，F选项的“to develop a reading habit in children”在意思上顺承前一句，且能领起下一句，照应下句的“they love being read to”。可知答案选F。

　　5．A　根据空前后与A中的关键词：choose，own，themselves等。空格后的一句说“their favorite books are the ones they chose for themselves”(孩子们最喜欢的书是他们自己选择的那些书)，说的是自主选择对于培养阅读兴趣的重要性。选项A中的“choose their own books”正好对应空格后的“chose”。空格后的一句是对于选项A的进一步阐释。而且，选项A中的“The Scholastic report”对应上文的“Scholastic”。由此可知答案选A。