2017年高考英语精品课堂基础版之课时训练：专题01《great scientist》（新人教版必修5教师版）

　　Ⅰ.单词拼写

　　’re going out, we will ________（照顾）the baby.

　　You ________（暴露）your mistakes whenever you opened your mouth.

　　He accepted his friend’s ________（挑战）to swim the river.

　　What do you ________（结论）from the facts?

　　The river has been ________（污染）by the waste from the factory.

　　Under the ________（指导）of him, the students have made great progress in English.

　　Advances in ________（科学）help improve our life.

　　The girl student has a ________（积极的）attitude towards life, so she has a happy life all her life.

　　On seeing a snake crawling across the road, the little boy was shocked to walk ________（向后）quickly.

　　The famous star has ________（捐助）a lot of money to the school.

　　The bridge under _________（建设）connects the road with the town.

　　【答案】

　　1. attend

　　2. exposed

　　3. challenge

　　4. conclude

　　5. polluted

　　6. instruction

　　7. science

　　8. positive

　　9. backward

　　10. contributed

　　11.construction

　　Ⅱ .单项填空

　　1. Please read the _____on the bottle of the medicine carefully and pay attention to the amount and the time to take the medicine.

　　A. explanations

　　B. instructions

　　C. introductions

　　D. descriptions

　　【答案】B考查名词辨析。该句句意：请仔细阅读药瓶上的“使用说明”，并且注意吃药的时间和量。A. explanations“解释”； B. instructions“使用指南；用法说明”；C. introductions“介绍”；D. descriptions“描写；简介；说明书”，根据语意可知，正确答案为B.

　　2. A lot of research and findings have shown that trench oil, taken out from kitchen waste, _____the increase of cancers.

　　A. results from

　　B. attends to

　　C. contributes to

　　D. devotes to

　　3. It’s said that the price of the _____ to the park has risen to 100 yuan since last month.

　　A. permission

　　B. admission

　　C. introduction

　　D. instruction

　　【答案】B考查名词辨析。该句句意为：据说这个公园的票价从上个月以来已经升到了100元。 A. permission

　　“允许；许可；同意”；B. admission “入场券/费；承认；获准进入/加入”C. introduction“介绍”；D. instruction “指示；教育”，根据句意可知，正确答案为B.

　　4. The newcomer was annoyed that the natives couldn’t ______his meaning because of his strong accent.

　　A. get down to

　　B. make sense of

　　C. look down upon

　　D. go in for

　　【答案】B考查动词短语辨析。该句句意：这个新来者很苦恼，当地人“弄不懂”他的意思，因为他的口音太重。A. get down to“开始”；B. make sense of“弄懂”；C. look down upon“鄙视；看不起”；D. go in for“喜欢”，根据句意可知，正确答案为B.

　　5. The children went home from the grammar school, their lessons _____for the day.

　　A. finishing

　　B. finished

　　C. had finished

　　D. were finished

　　【答案】B考查独立主格结构。分析句式可知，their lessons______for the day为非谓语结构作状语，finish与their lessons之间为被动、完成关系，故该题正确答案为B.

　　6. There was a ______look on her face, so I repeated the question.

　　A. puzzled

　　B. puzzling

　　C. puzzle

　　D. puzzlement

　　【答案】A考查形容词辨析。该句句意：她的脸上露出了（感到）茫然的表情，所以我重复了一下这个问题。故该题正确答案为A.

　　7. Prices of daily goods ______through a computer can be lower than those in a store.

　　A. are bought

　　B. bought

　　C. been bought

　　D. buying

　　【答案】B考查非谓语作定语。分析句式可知，该空要将bring非谓语化作goods的定语，而两者间的关系为被动，故该题正确答案为B.

　　8. –How do you deal with the disagreement between the company and the customers?

　　-The key ____the problem is to meet the demand ____by the customers.

　　A. to solving; making

　　B. to solving; made

　　C. to solve; making

　　D. to solve; made

　　【答案】B考查介词和非谓语。“…的关键/钥匙”：the key to…；且分析句式可知，第二空应填make的非谓语形式made（表示被动）作demand的定语。

　　9. “Things _____never come again!” I couldn’t help talking to myself.

　　A. lost

　　B. losing

　　C. to lose

　　D. have lost

　　【答案】A考查非谓语。该句句意：失去的就不会在来了。分析句式可知，lose要非谓语化修饰things，因为两者间的逻辑关系为被动，且表示完成，故该题正确答案为A. lost.

　　10. The boy _____in the exam is a student in Class Nine.

　　A. catching cheating

　　B. caught cheated

　　C. catching cheated

　　D. caught cheating

　　【答案】D考查非谓语作定语。catch sb doing sth:抓住某人做某事；而catch和其逻辑主语boy之间为被动关系，故该题正确答案为D.

　　11. We think the film _____the Middle Ages in Europe is worth seeing a second time.

　　A. set in

　　B. was set it

　　C. is set in

　　D. setting in

　　12. Nobody wants to make friends with the boy _____money.

　　A. suspected of having stolen

　　B. suspected to steal

　　C. suspected having stolen

　　D. suspecting to have stolen

　　【答案】A考查非谓语作定语。分析句式可知，该空要非谓语化作定语修饰boy，又因为“怀疑某人做某事”：suspect sb of doing sth.可知，suspect和其逻辑主语间的关系为被动，故正确答案为A.

　　13. The manager’s demand was that the data____ to in his report _____ to Mr Brown without delay.

　　A. referring; be e-mailed

　　B. referring; should be e-mailed

　　C. referred; were e-mailed

　　D. was referred; must be e-mailed

　　【答案】A考查非谓语作定语和虚拟语气。该句句意：经理的要求是他在报告中提到的数据立即用电子邮件发给布朗先生。分析句式结构可知，第一空用referred,为过去分词作定语；另外，demand后面的从句要用虚拟语气，其谓语形式应为（should）+ 动词原形，故该题正确答案为A.

　　14. The pilot asked all the passengers on board to remain _____ as the plane was making a landing.

　　A. seat

　　B. seating

　　C. seated

　　D. to be seating

　　【答案】C考查非谓语作表语。该句句意：当飞机要着陆的时候，飞行员让飞机上的乘客保持坐着的状态。seat为及物动词，其宾语为sb，表示某人坐着时应用be seated，所以此空用seated作表语，即该题正确答案为C.

　　15. The music of the film ____by him sounds so ____.

　　A. playing; exciting

　　B. played; excited

　　C. playing; excited

　　D. played; exciting

　　【答案】D考查非谓语作定语和表语。句意：他演奏的这部电影的音乐让人听起来感到兴奋。因为film和play之间为被动关系，故第一空用过去分词形式。excited意为“感到兴奋的”，而exciting意为“令人兴奋的”故该题正确答案为D.

　　III.用以上短语的适当形式填空

　　put forward

　　draw a conclusion

　　expose…to

　　link…to…

　　apart from

　　be strict with

　　make sense

　　cure…of

　　be absorbed in

　　contribute…to

　　1. It’s Steve Jobs that ______the idea of developing iPhone and iPad.

　　2. We ________from the facts.

　　3. He _____the plan ______several newspapers.

　　4. He ________ writing a letter and didn’t even look up when I came in.

　　5. The old man ______half of his savings _______the poor children.

　　6. ________ the cost, we need to think about how much time the job will take.

　　7. Our English teacher _______ us and in his teaching.

　　8. No matter how hard I tried to read it, the sentence didn’t _______to me.

　　9. The patient ______ his disease three years ago.

　　10. The new bridge will ______ the island _______the mainland.

　　【答案】

　　put forward

　　2. draw a conclusion

　　3.exposed;to

　　4.was absorbed in

　　5.contributed;to

　　6.Apart from

　　7. is strict with

　　8.make sense

　　9. was cured of

　　10.link;to

　　IV.完成句子

　　1.对于工作，我们再怎么谨慎都不过分。任何小的食物都可能导致严重的事故。

　　We _________________________________our work. Any small mistake may lead to a serious accident.(cautious)

　　2.正是这种语言影响了我看待事物，表达观点和了解世界的方式。

　　It was the language that helped shape the way I saw things, expressed ideas, and _____________________. (sense)

　　3.建造这些房屋不仅需要建筑材料，也需要大脑。

　　It took more than building supplies ______________________________. It took brains, too. (construct)

　　凝视着画像，他的妈妈陷入沉思。

　　With _______________________ the portrait, his mother was deep in thought. (fix)

　　5.只有当他看了这幅画，才能决定这画是否值得一买。

　　Only when he sees the painting __________________________whether the painting is worth buying. (decide)

　　【答案】

　　cannot be too cautious about

　　2.made sense of the world

　　to construct these houses

　　4.her eyes fixed on

　　5.can he decide

　　V.七选五

　　下面文章中有5处（第61-65题）需要添加小标题。请从以下选项（A、B、C、D、E和F）中选出符合各段意思的小标题，并在答题纸上将相应选项的标号涂黑。选项中有一项是多余选项。

　　Make sure the respondent has enough information

　　Remember your survey’s purpose

　　Keep your questions simple

　　Include only one topic per question

　　If in doubt, throw it out

　　Avoid leading questions

　　Write more effective survey questions

　　Naturally, no question is “good” in all situations, but there are some general rules to follow. Using these rules and examples will help you write useful questions.

　　1.________________

　　All other rules and guidelines are based on this one. There was a reason you decided to spend your time and money to do your survey, and you should ensure that every question you ask supports that reason. If you start to get lost while writing your questions, refer back to this rule.

　　2. ________________

　　This is another way of stating the first rule, but it is important enough to repeat. A question should never be included in a survey because you can’t think of a good reason to discard it. If you cannot come up with a concrete benefit that will result from the question, don’t use it.

　　3._________________

　　Compound sentences force respondents to keep a lot of information in their heads, and are likely to produce unpredictable results. Example: “Imagine a situation where the production supervisor is away from the line, a series of defective parts is being manufactured, and you just heard that a new client requires ten thousand of these parts in order to make their production schedule. How empowered do you feel by your organization to stop the line and make the repairs to the manufacturing equipment?” This question is too complex for a clear, usable answer. Try breaking it down into components parts.

　　4. ________________

　　How would you interpret the responses to “Please rate your satisfaction with the amount and kind of care you received while in the hospital.” or, a question asking about speed and accuracy? If you want to be able to come up with specific recommended actions, you need specific questions.

　　5. ________________

　　Asking respondents “How effective has this company’s new distribution program been?” may not be as effective as “Recently, we used a new distribution system. Did you know this?” Followed by “Have you seen any positive benefits resulting from this change?” It can be beneficial to break down questions that require background information into two parts: a screening item describing the situation which asks if the respondent knows about it, and a follow-up question addressing attitudes the respondent has about the topic.

　　【答案】

　　B

　　E

　　C

　　D

　　A

　　【解析】

　　试题分析：如何写更有效的调查问题。

　　B考查段落大意。该段讲得是写出有效的调查问题的最基础的原则，即所有其他的方法原则都基于此点，也是你决定花钱费时间地去做调查的原因，且你要让你设计的调查问题都围绕该点，当你茫然时也应再参考一下的基本点。故该题正确答案为B.即“要记住你调查的目的。”

　　E考查段落大意。根据该段中的“should never be included in a survey”和“don’t use it”可知，本段讲得是要弃用一些无用无益的问题。故该题正确答案为E.

　　C考查段落大意。该句所给的例子说明的是“This question is too complex for a clear, usable answer. Try breaking it down into components parts.”问题问得太复杂了。故该题的正确答案为C.“要让你的调查问题简洁。”

　　考点：段落大意的总结和文章结构的把握

　　VI短文改错（满分10分）

　　I — a smart cat. He enjoys playing with me, that brings much happiness to me.

　　One evening, I noticed that my cat stopped playing. I looked up, and here, about three meters ahead of my cat, was a big mouse. It seems to be eating something, their little eyes turning to look around from time to time.

　　I held my breath and felt a bit exciting. I couldn’t help wondering whether my cat was able to catch so big mouse. Suddenly, he jumped at the mouse with his mouth widely open. The mouse tried to escape, and it was too late. The poor mouse was killed before it realized that what had happened. Then my cat held the mouse between his tooth and brought it over to me as if to say he had done a good job.

　　【答案】

　　that改为which

　　here改为there

　　seems改为seemed

　　their改为its

　　exciting改为excited

　　在big和mouse中间添加a

　　widely改为wide

　　and改为but

　　去掉that

　　tooth改为teeth

　　【解析】

　　试题分析：我家聪明的猫咪抓住了一只大老鼠。

　　考查定语从句。that不能引导非限制性定语从句，故改为which在代指先行句内容在定语从句中充当主语。

　　考查句式。英语中的存在句型为“There be”，该句句意：“我抬头看了一下。在我的猫咪前面大概三米远的地方有只大老鼠。”而here意为“这儿”，该句无此意，故将Here改为There.

　　考查时态。故事发生于过去，作者用一般过去时为基本时态来进行叙述。故该处将seems改为seemed.

　　考查行文逻辑。该处句意指“这只老鼠”的小眼睛时不时地四下张望。故将their改为its.

　　考查形容词辨析。“excited”:感到激动的；“exciting”:令人激动的。该处指我屏住呼吸“感到很激动”，故将exciting改为excited.

　　考查冠词。mouse为可数名词。“如此大的一只老鼠”：so big a mouse/such a big mouse，故在big和mouse中间添加a.

　　考查副词用法。wide和widely均可作adv.但wide指“具体概念”，widely指“抽象概念”，而在该处指猫咪把嘴张得大大地，为具体概念。故将widely改为wide.

　　考点：考查重点单词和基本句式