2017届河北省衡水名校高考英语一轮复习撬题对点练：专题6 动词的时态和语态（2）（含解析）

　　A．单句填空

　　1．To my delight, I________(choose) from hundreds of applicants to attend the opening ceremony.

　　答案　was chosen　[句意：令我高兴的是，在几百个申请者中我被选中参加开幕式了。首先，句子主语I和choose是被动关系，所以要用被动语态；其次，本句是对过去所发生事情的客观描述，所以用一般过去时，故用was chosen。]

　　2．It is reported that a space station________(build) on the moon in years to come.

　　答案　will be built　[句意：据报道在未来的几年里(人们)将在月球上建立空间站。根据分析可知，a space station与build之间是被动关系，又由in years to come“在未来的几年里”可知，用一般将来时，故用will be built。]

　　3．More expressways________ (build) in Sichuan soon to promote the local economy.

　　答案　will be built　[句意：四川将很快修建更多的高速公路以促进地方经济(的发展)。题干中的soon表明空格处用一般将来时，且句子的主语expressways 是谓语动词build的承受者，故用一般将来时的被动语态will be built。]

　　4．The professor was delighted to find that two thirds of the project________(finish) by the students independently.

　　答案　had been finished　[句意：教授高兴地发现学生们已独立完成了该项目的三分之二。根据分析可知，finish这个动作发生在was delighted to find之前，应该用过去完成时，又因project和finish之间是被动关系，故用had been finished。]

　　5．Unless some extra money________(find)，the theatre will close.

　　答案　is found　[句意：除非我们能再弄到些钱，否则剧院将关闭。主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时表示将来，money和find之间为被动关系，故用被动语态。]

　　6．—What's up? The house is in a mess.

　　—Oh, I forgot to tell you. It________(paint)．

　　答案　is being painted　[句意：——怎么回事？屋子里乱糟糟的。——哦，我忘了告诉你，房子正在被粉刷。此处表示说话时正在进行的动作，故用现在进行时的被动语态，表示“正在被粉刷”。]

　　7．“Remember to put on more clothes，” Mother said on the phone. “Cold weather ________ (expect) to come tomorrow morning.”

　　答案　is expected　[句意：妈妈在电话中说：“记得多穿点衣服，寒冷天气预计明天早晨就到了。”根据句意可知“预计”这一行为发生在直接引语语境中的“现在”，故用一般现在时；cold weather与expect为被动关系，故用被动语态。]

　　8．—Excuse me, is the book Gone with the Wind by Margaret Mitchell available now?

　　—Sorry, but it ________ (sell) so well that we don't have any in store.

　　答案　sells　[句意：——玛格丽特·米切尔写的《飘》现在有现货吗？——对不起，它这么畅销，我们没有任何存货了。sell在此处意为“卖得……”，sell well表示“畅销”不用被动语态。]

　　9．—That must have been a terrible experience.

　　—Yeah. I ________ (stick) in the damaged car, unable to move.

　　答案　was stuck　[句意：——那一定是一次可怕的经历。——是的。当时我被卡在破损的车里动不了。考查一般过去时的被动语态。]

　　10．This brand of knife is quite popular with customers, for it ________ (cut) well.

　　答案　cuts　[句意：因为这个品牌的刀子很好用，所以它在顾客中很受欢迎。本句表示主语的某种属性特征，故用一般现在时的主动形式表示被动意义，此外主语it为单数第三人称，故cut后需加“s”。]

　　B．单句改错

　　1．Despite the previous rounds of talks, no agreement has reached so far by the two sides.

　　________________________________________________________

　　答案　reached前加been　[agreement和reach是动宾关系，故用被动语态。]

　　2．I had a strong desire to reach in and play with the toy, but held back thankfully by the shop window.

　　________________________________________________________

　　答案　held前加was　[主语I与hold之间是动宾关系，故用被动语态。]

　　3．In my hometown, there is always a harvest supper for the farmers after all the wheat has cut.

　　________________________________________________________

　　答案　cut 前加been　[主语wheat与cut之间是动宾关系，故用被动语态。]

　　4．Tai Chi called “shadow boxing” in English.

　　________________________________________________________

　　答案　called前加is　[Tai Chi与call之间是动宾关系，故用被动语态。]

　　5．We told that our rooms hadn't been reserved for that week.

　　________________________________________________________

　　答案　told前加were　[we与told之间是动宾关系，故用被动语态。]

　　6．Experiments on animals had conducted long before the medicine was applied to patients.

　　________________________________________________________

　　答案　conducted前加been　[experiments和conduct之间是被动关系，故用被动语态。]

　　7．—Can he get the first prize for running in this sports meeting?

　　—Impossible now. He expected to do so, but he has just hurt his leg.

　　________________________________________________________

　　答案　expected前加was　[expect和he之间是动宾关系，故用被动语态。]

　　8．Do you have any problems if you offered this job?

　　________________________________________________________

　　答案　offered前加are　[根据语境可知，you 和offer之间是动宾关系，故用被动语态。]

　　9．Every answer I gave received by a frown from the manager.

　　________________________________________________________

　　答案　received前加was　[every answer与receive之间是动宾关系，故用被动语态。]

　　10．Paris's cultural diversities presented widely by the fact that many worldwide designers are pleased to show up with their new designs.

　　________________________________________________________

　　答案　presented前加are　[diversities与present之间是被动关系，故用被动语态。]

　　易错题一：一般过去时与过去完成时的混用

　　[例]　He walked very fast. I could hardly keep up with him. Soon he disappeared in the crowd.

　　I stood there puzzled. Suddenly I realized the handsome young fellow ________ (cheat) me.

　　[错解]　cheated

　　[错因分析]　考生很容易受到句子中出现的动词stood和realized的干扰，认为此处应用一般过去时，因而误填cheated。

　　[答案]　had cheated

　　[心得体会]

　　易错题二：一般过去时与现在完成时的混用

　　[例1]　We would like to go and thank him ourselves, but we ________ (find)

　　out his address yet.

　　[错解]　found

　　[错因分析]　考生没有理解现在完成时的具体含义而误用一般过去时。

　　[答案]　haven't found

　　[心得体会]

　　[例2]　I am teaching in a school in Guangzhou now. I ________ (work)

　　in the countryside for nearly ten years.

　　[错解]　have worked

　　[错因分析]　考生易受句中的时间状语“for nearly ten years”的影响，误用现在完成时have worked，认为“for＋一段时间”为现在完成时的标志。

　　[答案]　worked

　　[心得体会]

　　易错题三：及物与不及物动词的误用

　　[例1]　If you want to know what ________ (happen) afterwards, read the next chapter.

　　[错解]　was happened

　　[错因分析]　由于受汉语思维的影响，很多考生认为happen为及物动词，所以误填was happened。

　　[答案]　happened

　　[心得体会]

　　[例2]　You wash them in the clear stream and cook them without oil or salt, but still they ________ (taste) delicious.

　　[错解]　are tasted

　　[错因分析]　由于受汉语思维的影响，很多考生认为taste为及物动词，所以误填are tasted。

　　[答案]　taste

　　[心得体会]