2017届河北省衡水名校高考英语一轮复习专题撬分练：专题3 介词、介词短语和动词短语（含解析）

　　………………………………………………

　　………………………………………………

　　A.单句填空(每小题1.5分，共15分，限时7分钟)

　　1．[2016·衡水二中一轮检测]I waved to Nancy, but she was ________(absorb) in her thoughts, and made no response.

　　答案　absorbed　[句意：我跟南希挥手致意，但是她在沉思，没有作出回应。考查be absorbed in，意为“专心于，全神贯注于”，故应填absorbed。]

　　2．[2016·冀州中学热身]He tried to join the army but was ________(reject) because of poor health, which made him depressed.

　　答案　rejected　[句意：他试图去参军，但是因为身体不够健康被拒绝了，这让他很郁闷。reject 意为“拒绝”。根据句意可知填rejected。]

　　3．[2016·枣强中学周测]I knew I had heard this song before but its name ________(escape)me.

　　答案　escaped　[句意：我知道我以前听过这首歌，但我就是想不起来它的名字。the name escape sb.表示“某人记不起那个名字”，故填escaped。]

　　4．[2016·武邑中学模拟]A well­written English composition call________good choice of words and clear organization.

　　答案　for　[句意：一篇好的英语作文需要选词优美、结构清晰。call for意为“需要”，符合句意。故填for。]

　　5．[2016·衡水中学周测]Because of this urgent operation, Dr Blair had to set ________his research and hurried to the hospital.

　　答案　aside　[句意：因为这个紧急的手术，Blair医生不得不把他的研究放在一边，匆匆忙忙地去了医院。set aside意为“把……放到一旁”。根据句意应填aside。]

　　6．[2016·武邑中学周测]According to Darwin's Survival of the Fittest, only those species that were able to adapt ________the sudden great changes of their living conditions survived.

　　答案　to　[句意：按照达尔文的适者生存理论，只有那些能够适应突然变化的生存条件的物种才能存活下来。adapt to意为“适应”，故应填to。]

　　7．[2016·枣强中学猜题]The early pioneers had to go ________many hardships to settle on the new land.

　　答案　through　[句意：早期的先驱们得经历许多艰难困苦才能在新土地上定居下来。go through意为“经历”，符合句意。故此处应填through。]

　　8．[2016·武邑中学期中]Experts have a guess that the nudging was mistaken by the owners ________ knocking.

　　答案　for　[句意：专家们猜想主人常常把推门误认为是在敲门。mistake...for...意为“把……误作……”，为固定搭配。]

　　9．[2016·冀州中学猜题]I am familiar ________ most popular kinds of software.

　　答案　with　[句意：我对大部分流行的软件都很熟悉。be familiar with意为“对……熟悉”，为固定短语。]

　　10．[2016·衡水中学模拟]________ my opinion, the best choice is a good major at a good university.

　　答案　In　[句意：在我看来，最好的选择是一所好的大学里的好的专业。in one's opinion“以某人的观点”，为固定短语。]

　　B．单句改错(每小题1分，共5分，限时3分钟)

　　1．[2016·枣强中学预测]Affected by the financial crisis, my family has to cut

　　off the living expenses.

　　________________________________________________________

　　答案　off→down　[句意：受金融危机的影响，我家得削减生活开支。cut down意为“削减；砍倒”，符合句意。故把off改为down。]

　　2．[2016·武邑中学一轮检测]—Peter won the first prize in the national Chinese competition.

　　—Oh, really? I'm glad that his effort at last paid for.

　　________________________________________________________

　　答案　for→off　[句意：——彼得在全国汉语比赛中获得了一等奖。——哦，真的吗？我很高兴他的努力最终有了回报。pay off 意为“得到好结果；取得成功”。故把for改为off。]

　　3．[2016·衡水中学热身]The idea puzzled me so much that I stopped for a few seconds to try to make it from.

　　________________________________________________________

　　答案　from→out　[句意：这个想法令我如此迷惑，我停下几秒钟想去弄明白它。make out意为“弄清楚；分清；明白”。故把from改为out。]

　　4．[2016·枣强中学热身]Some chopsticks are decorated in coloured pictures.

　　________________________________________________________

　　答案　in→with　[句意：一些筷子上用彩色的画装修。decorate...with...意为“用……装饰……”，本句使用的是被动语态形式。故把in改为with。]

　　5．[2016·衡水中学一轮检测]Beijing lies on North China and enjoys a splendid terrain(地势) and location in China.

　　________________________________________________________

　　答案　on→in　[句意：北京位于中国的北部，拥有极好的地势和地理位置。lie in意为“位于……”， 为固定搭配。故把on改为in。]

　　能力组A.单句填空(每小题1.5分，共15分，限时7分钟)

　　1．[2016·冀州中学模拟]The shelter is expected to help the homeless live ________ the bitter winter.

　　答案　through　[句意：这个避难所期望能帮助那些无家可归的人度过寒冷的冬天。live through意为“度过”。]

　　2．[2016·衡水二中周测]The water supply has been cut ________ temporarily because the workers are repairing the broken pipes.

　　答案　off　[句意：水供应被切断了。cut off意为“切断电源、水源、煤气等”。]

　　3．[2016·枣强中学仿真]For several days they had been busy ________ preparing for this.

　　答案　in　[“忙于做某事”应用be busy (in) doing或be busy with sth.，后面是doing形式，故填in。]

　　4．[2016·衡水二中月考]I can put ________ with the house being untidy, but I hate it if it's not clean.

　　答案　up　[句意：我可以忍受房间不整齐，但我讨厌它不干净。put up with意为“忍受”，故填up。]

　　5．[2016·武邑中学热身]I'm sorry for cutting ________， but I have an urgent and important thing to talk to you.

　　答案　in　[句意：抱歉，我要打断一下你，我有一件要紧的事要和你谈。cut in意为“打断，插嘴”。]

　　6．[2016·衡水二中期中]—Susan looks so sad. What's wrong with her?

　　—A letter from home set ________ an attack of homesickness.

　　答案　off　[句意：——苏珊看上去很悲伤，她怎么了？——一封家书突然引起了她的思乡之情。set off意为“引发，激起，引起”。]

　　7．[2016·枣强中学模拟]The human mind can carry ________ many tasks that other animals cannot, like using language and judging what other people are thinking.

　　答案　out　[句意：人类大脑可以完成很多其他动物不能完成的任务，如：使用语言，判断其他人在想什么。carry out意为“执行，完成”。]

　　8．[2016·衡水二中期末]I was riding along the street and all of a sudden, a car cut ________ and knocked me down.

　　答案　in　[句意：我正在沿着大街骑车，突然一辆小汽车强行超车，将我撞倒了。cut in意为“插嘴，打断，超车抢道”。]

　　9．[2016·武邑中学猜题]New computers are soon out of date since newer models are turned ________ constantly.

　　答案　out　[句意：由于更加新型的电脑不断地被生产，新电脑很快就过时了。turn out为及物动词短语，意为“生产，制造”。]

　　10．[2016·冀州中学仿真]—John can't concentrate on his studies recently.

　　—Yes, that might account ________ why he did so badly in the last exam.

　　答案　for　[句意：——约翰最近不能集中精力学习。——是的，那可能就是为什么他上次考试考得很差的原因。account for意为“是……的原因”。]

　　B．单句改错(每小题1分，共5分，限时3分钟)

　　1．[2016·武邑中学预测]To help children become independent, parents should guide children to figure off how to solve problems on their won.

　　________________________________________________________

　　答案　off→out　[句意：为了帮助孩子们变得独立，父母应该指导孩子们找出如何自己解决问题的办法。figure out意为“找出”，故把off改为out。]

　　2．[2016·衡水二中模拟]When it comes up choosing your future career, what kind of things will you take into consideration?

　　________________________________________________________

　　答案　up→to　[句意：当谈到将来的职业选择时，你会把哪些因素考虑在内呢？when it comes to sth.意为“当涉及/谈到……时”，为固定句型。故把up改为to。]

　　3．[2016·枣强中学期末]The policeman stopped him when he was driving home and accused him with speeding.

　　________________________________________________________

　　答案　with→of　[句意：当他开车回家时警察拦住了他，指控他超速驾驶。accuse sb. of sth.意为“指控某人某事”，为固定句式。故把with改为of。]

　　4．[2016·衡水二中仿真]My brother likes eating very much but he isn't very particular with the food he eats.

　　________________________________________________________

　　答案　with→about　[句意：我弟弟很喜欢吃东西，但他对食物并不挑剔。be particular about...意为“对……挑剔”，为固定短语。故把with改为about。]

　　5．[2016·武邑中学模拟]The company has launched several types of cars this year, and one on particular appeals to the young.

　　________________________________________________________

　　答案　on→in　[句意：这家公司今年推出了几款汽车，其中有一款尤其吸引年轻人。in particular意为“尤其”，为固定搭配。故把on改为in。]

　　强化组A.语篇型语法填空(每空1.5分，共15分，限时10分钟)

　　阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

　　[2016·枣强中学一轮检测]There were only a few days left before Christmas. I was __1__ (extreme) anxious for my shopping, trying to make sure everyone got __2__ they wanted.

　　I had to shop for 3 kids, so it was not cheap. I thought the bill added up to about 300 dollars. However, when I went to pay, my credit card was refused. I was __3__ (shock). I began to call my bank while the line behind me got __4__ (long). The bank said they had fixed my card so I tried again. Refused again! I was embarrassed and __5__ (anger). I had money but couldn't buy Christmas gifts. The __6__ (thing) I chose were already in short supply and in demand. The man right behind me was very kind, laughing and joking about all __7__ other angry customers. I apologized and said I wanted to try my card once more. But __8__ I could, he used his.

　　My ENTIRE Christmas __9__ (be) paid for!

　　I told him I couldn't accept that, but he insisted. I told him I would pay him back, but he refused __10__ (give) me his name. After I finally started crying and thanking him, he said, “Tell your kids Santa says Merry Christmas and be good.”

　　1．________　2.________　3.________　4.________

　　5．________　6.________　7.________　8.________

　　9．________　10.________

　　本文是一篇记叙文。作者到商店给孩子们购买圣诞礼物，结账时信用卡出了问题。在两次尝试失败后，排队等待的人们越来越生气。就在作者尴尬万分的时候，一个善良的陌生男子用他的信用卡帮作者付了账，而且不让作者还款。1.extremely　[考查词性转换。句意：我对购物极其焦虑……。形容词anxious需要用副词来修饰，extremely意为“极度，极其”。]

　　2．what　[考查宾语从句。句意：……要确保每个人都得到他们想要的东西。空后宾语从句的谓语动词wanted后缺少宾语，故填指物的疑问代词what。]

　　3．shocked　[考查词性转换。句意：我很吃惊。该句主语为指人的代词I，故填shocked，意为“感到惊讶的”。]

　　4．longer　[考查形容词比较级。句意：我开始打电话给银行，与此同时我身后的队伍变得越来越长。此处暗含前后状态的对比，故填longer。]

　　5．angry　[考查词性转换。句意：我又尴尬，又生气。并列连词and前的embarrassed为形容词，故此处用anger的形容词形式。]

　　6．things　[考查主谓一致。句意：我选好的东西已经是供应短缺，或供不应求了。根据该句的谓语动词were可知此处应填复数形式。]

　　7．the　[考查冠词。句意：在我后面的男士非常友好，嘻嘻哈哈拿其他所有生气的顾客开玩笑。此处考查“all the＋n.(pl.)”的结构，此外，“the other＋n.(pl.)”表示剩余的全部。]

　　8．before　[考查时间状语从句。句意：但是我还没来得及(尝试)，他就刷了他的卡。两个单句间需要连词连接。根据句意此处需要填时间状语从句的引导词before，意为“在……之前；还没来得及……”。]

　　9．was　[考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：我的整个圣诞节由别人付账了！主语为Christmas，该动作发生在过去，故填was。]

　　10．to give　[考查固定短语。句意：……但是他拒绝告诉我他的名字。refuse to do sth.意为“拒绝做某事”，为固定搭配。]

　　B．语篇型短文改错(每处错误1分，共10分，限时8分钟)

　　假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处错误。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

　　增加：在缺词处加一个漏词符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。

　　删除：把多余的词用斜线()划掉。

　　修改：在错的词下面画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

　　注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

　　2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。

　　[2016·衡水中学周测]It was a year ago when Joshua got a bike for Christmas, but he rode it every day. One morning, he suddenly found the bike gone. Ran to his front yard, he saw a man loading it into his car. He shouted, but the man drive off. As a devoted Christian, he told his dad he real forgave the thief. What's more, he wanted the thief know he was forgiven. So the next day, he posted the message on a posterboard and put it in the front yard. “To the person who stole my bike: You hurt my feeling. But I am a Christian and I forgive him！” When he left for home the next morning, at the end of the driveway, the bike was back with new brakes.

　　答案　

　　It was a year ago

　　Joshua got a bike for Christmas,

　　he rode it every day. One morning, he suddenly found the bike gone.

　　to his front yard, he saw a man loading it into his car. He shouted, but the man

　　off. As a devoted Christian, he told his dad he

　　forgave the thief. What's more, he wanted the thief know he was forgiven. So the next day, he posted

　　message on a posterboard and put it in the front yard. “To the person who stole my bike: You hurt my . But I am a Christian and I forgive ！” When he left

　　home the next morning, at the end of the driveway, the bike was back with new brakes.