2017届河北省衡水名校高考英语一轮复习专题撬分练：专题6 动词的时态和语态（含解析）

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　　基础组A.单句填空(每小题1.5分，共15分，限时8分钟)

　　1．[2016·衡水中学预测]Tom was sorry to learn that his grandfather ________ (die) for half an hour when he got to the hospital.

　　答案　had been dead　[句意：到医院时得知他的祖父已经去世半个小时了，Tom很难过。设空处表示的动作在got to the hospital之前发生，故设空处用过去完成时；又根据for half an hour可知设空处表示状态，而die为瞬间动词不能与表示一段时间的时间状语连用，故用had been dead。]

　　2.[2016·冀州中学期末]It

　　is

　　reported

　　that

　　China ________ (complete) its first orbiting space station by around 2022.

　　答案　will have completed　[句意：据报道，到2022年左右中国将建成第一个轨道太空站。根据时间状语by around 2022可知设空处应该用将来完成时。]

　　3．[2016·衡水中学热身]At

　　the

　　end

　　of the

　　meeting, it was announced that an agreement ________ (reach)．

　　答案　had been reached　[句意：会议结束时，大会宣布他们达成了一项共识。agreement与reach为被动关系，故用被动语态；又因为reach所表达的动作发生在主句动作之前，所以用过去完成时的被动语态。]

　　4．[2016·武邑中学一轮检测]I needn't have been in that hurry. The flight to Chongqing ________ (cancel) due to the foggy weather.

　　答案　was cancelled　[句意：我本来不必那么着急的。去重庆的航班由于大雾取消了。the flight与cancel为被动关系应用被动语态；又由设空处表示过去的情况要用一般过去时，故用一般过去时的被动语态。]

　　5．[2016·冀州中学一轮检测]I noticed a man sitting at the front. He ________ (pretend) that a tiger toy was real and giving it a voice.

　　答案　was pretending　[句意：我注意到前面坐着一个男人，他正在假装一个老虎玩具是真的并为它发出声音。noticed是过去动作“注意到前面坐着一个男人”，描述当时男人正在做的动作，故用过去进行时。]

　　6．[2016·枣强中学预测]Oh, it looks like Professor Brown is here. I ________ (talk) to you some more after class.

　　答案　will talk　[句意：奥，好像布朗教授在这里，下课后再和你聊。根据前一句的时态及after class判断，talk是将要发生的动作，故填will talk。]

　　7．[2016·衡水中学仿真]She also ________ (believe) in healthy diet. And she requires us to have regular meals.

　　答案　believes　[句意：她相信健康饮食，并且要求我们按时吃饭。根据后一句的时态判断，句子用一般现在时；she作主语，故填单数第三人称形式believes。]

　　8．[2016·冀州中学期中]I remembered she once ________ (tell) me that she would not fall in love with a dark­haired guy.

　　答案　told　[句意：我记得她曾告诉我她不会爱上黑头发的家伙。根据主句时态及once判断本空填told。]

　　9．[2016·衡水中学模拟]He told me that he ________ (overhear) the conversation with the co­worker about helping the sick woman.

　　答案　had overheard　[句意：他告诉我他无意中听到我与同事关于帮助那位生病的女士的对话。overhear发生在过去动作told之前，是“过去的过去”，用过去完成时，故填had overheard。]

　　10．[2016·武邑中学仿真]She started coughing as she ________ (lie) back on a sofa in the hall.

　　答案　lay　[句意：当她躺在大厅的沙发上时，她开始咳嗽。根据主句时态判断，从句也用一般过去时；lie作“躺”讲时，过去式为lay。]

　　B．单句改错(每小题1分，共5分，限时3分钟)

　　1．[2016·冀州中学猜题]I have told one more worker will be needed this year and I think you are fit for it. How about joining us?

　　________________________________________________________

　　答案　have后加been　[句意：我被告知今年还需要一名工人，我认为你很适合这份工作。加入我们怎么样？由语境可知，此处指“被告知”，应用现在完成时的被动语态，故在have后加been。]

　　2．[2016·衡水中学期末]It has been a long time since we meet in China last time.

　　________________________________________________________

　　答案　meet→met　[根据时间状语last time可知，“见面”是发生在过去的动作，应用一般过去时。]

　　3．[2016·武邑中学期中]His progress had been very poor, so one day he stops seeing the doctor and decided to try a different one.

　　________________________________________________________

　　答案　stops→stopped　[and连接两个并列的谓语动词，根据decided及前面的had been可知，下半句应用一般过去时，故将stops改为stopped。]

　　4．[2016·衡水中学期中]“What are you doing, sir? What are you looking for? Could you please keep quiet？”

　　“I was looking for a piece of chocolate，” the man said.

　　________________________________________________________

　　答案　was→am　[此处指说话时正在进行的动作，故用现在进行时。]

　　5．[2016·枣强中学猜题]In the past two and a half years, our school had organized many activities.

　　________________________________________________________

　　答案　had→has　[根据时间状语In the past two and a half years可知，应用现在完成时。故将had改为has。]

　　能力组A.单句填空(每小题1.5分，共15分，限时6分钟)

　　1．[2016·衡水中学月考]—I was very angry with Kelvin yesterday.

　　—I know your feelings, but if you forgive him, you ________ (be) a bigger man.

　　答案　will be　[句意：——昨天我对凯尔文感到非常愤怒。——我理解你的感受。不过如果你能原谅他，那你就是个伟大的人。if you forgive him, you ________(be) a bigger man是一个含有条件状语从句的复合句，谈论的是将来的事情，从句用一般现在时，主句用一般将来时。]

　　2．[2016·武邑中学周测]—I saw you and Ann do some gardening yesterday afternoon. Why didn't you take part in Sam's wedding ceremony?

　　—I would have. But my car ________(fix)．

　　答案　was being fixed　[句意：——我昨天下午看见你和安在花园劳作。为什么没有参加萨姆的婚礼？——我原本要参加的。不过我的车正在修理之中。根据语境可知，萨姆在举行婚礼时，他们的车正在维修之中，故用过去进行时的被动语态。]

　　3．[2016·冀州中学月考]Global oil prices ________ (fall) since June as demand weakens in China and Europe while output in the United States grows steadily.

　　答案　have been falling　[句意：由于中国及欧洲对石油的需求量的减弱及美国石油输出的稳固增加，因此自从六月以来全球油价一直在下跌。根据时间状语since June可知，此处表示过去开始一直到现在的动作，说话时还在进行，故用现在完成进行时。]

　　4．[2016·衡水中学周测]Sorry. I didn't answer your phone, for I ________ (negotiate) with a trade partner from Tanzania.

　　答案　was negotiating　[句意：对不起，我没有接你的电话是因为(那时)我正与来自坦桑尼亚的生意伙伴在谈判。根据上下文语境可知，negotiate是打电话的时候正在发生的动作，故用过去进行时。]

　　5．[2016·枣强中学一轮检测]I studied German for three years when I was in high school but I ________ (forget) most of it. I can hardly speak it now.

　　答案　have forgotten　[句意：我在高中时学了三年的德语，不过我已经忘了多半。我现在基本上不能说了。根据语境，此处强调forget对现在所造成的影响或结果，故用现在完成时。]

　　6．[2016·武邑中学模拟]Over the last few years, the number of students participating in volunteer programs ________ (increase) sharply in our school.

　　答案　has increased　[句意：在过去的几年里，我们学校参加志愿活动的学生的人数急剧上升。根据时间状语over the last few years可知应用现在完成时。]

　　7．[2016·衡水中学预测]—Morning, Andy. How do you like the party last night?

　　—Great. I really ________ (enjoy) myself there.

　　答案　enjoyed　[句意：——早上好，安迪。你觉得昨晚的聚会怎么样？——很棒。我在那儿真的玩得很开心。根据上句中的时间状语last night可知应用一般过去时。]

　　8．[2016·枣强中学周测]Modern teaching equipment as well as tens of computers ________ (send) to the village school last week.

　　答案　was sent　[句意：现代化的教学设备和数十台电脑在上周被送往这所乡村学校。as well as连接两个并列结构作主语时，谓语动词的数应与前面的名词保持一致；根据时间状语last week可知应用一般过去时，且equipment与send之间为被动关系，故应用被动语态。答案为was sent。]

　　9．[2016·冀州中学预测]Life is like a hot bath. It________(feel) good while you're in it, but the longer you stay in, the more wrinkled you get.

　　答案　feels　[句意：生活就像洗热水澡。泡着很舒服，但泡得越久，你的皮肤就越皱。本句是在阐述人生的感悟，系动词feel应该用一般现在时。系动词没有被动语态。]

　　10．[2016·武邑中学模拟]The most delicious cake in the world ________(make) by Mom. Please wait an hour to enjoy it.

　　答案　is being made　[句意：妈妈正在做世界上最美味的蛋糕，请等一个小时享用吧。根据Please wait an hour to enjoy it.可推知设空处表示现在正在进行的动作，故用现在进行时；cake与make之间为被动关系，故用被动语态。]

　　B．单句改错(每小题1分，共5分，限时3分钟)

　　1．[2016·枣强中学一轮检测]I remembered that the air conditions had turned off before I left office.

　　________________________________________________________

　　答案　turned前加been　[air conditions与turn off之间为动宾关系，故用被动语态。]

　　2．[2016·衡水中学周测]I go to the cinema once a week when I was at school.

　　________________________________________________________

　　答案　go→went　[根据when I was at school可知是过去发生的事，故用过去时。]

　　3．[2016·冀州中学月考]My father has smoked for 10 years but he gives it up because of his illness.

　　________________________________________________________

　　答案　去掉has　[根据语境可知，现在已经戒烟了，那么吸烟就是过去的动作，故用过去时。]

　　4．[2016·武邑中学周测]They wanted to help but could not get there in time.

　　________________________________________________________

　　答案　wanted前加had　[根据but后句意可知，前句表示“原本想……”是过去的过去的动作，故用过去完成时。]

　　5．[2016·衡水中学月考]I have known Dr Jackson since she joins the Chinese Society.

　　________________________________________________________

　　答案　joins→joined　[主句用现在完成时时，since引导的时间状语从句用一般过去时，故用joined。]

　　强化组A.语篇型语法填空(每空1.5分，共15分，限时7分钟)

　　阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

　　[2016·枣强中学猜题]A boy quarreled with his parents and __1__ (run) away from home. He had a hard life without any contact with his family for years. Later he wanted to go home __2__ he was afraid that his parents might not welcome him.

　　Finally he decided to write a letter to his father __3__ (express) his desire to return home and begging his pardon. In his letter he asked his father to tie a white ribbon on the tree near his house by the side of the railway lines if he was ready __4__ (welcome) him back home. If he did not see the ribbon on the tree, he would think that his family did not welcome him and then he would leave home forever.

　　He boarded the train and waited very __5__ (nervous) as the train was about to pass by his home. To his great surprise, the tree __6__ (decorate) with hundreds of white ribbons, __7__ danced in the wind. His family did not want him to miss __8__ sight of the ribbon and the welcome signal, so __9__ (them) covered the whole tree with ribbons to show their whole­hearted __10__ (happy) and willingness to welcome him back.

　　1．________　2.________　3.________　4.________

　　5．________　6.________　7.________　8.________

　　9．________　10.________

　　本文讲述了一个男孩和父母争吵离家出走，多年没和他的家人联系，后来他想回家，希望家人能在树上挂上白丝带，表示欢迎他的回家。

　　1．ran　[考查动词时态。句意：一个男孩和他的父母吵架了并离家出走了。根据语境及上文的quarreled可知，此处讲述的是过去发生的事情，故用一般过去时。]

　　2．but　[考查连词。句意：后来他想回家，但是他害怕他的父母可能会不欢迎他。根据句意，空格前后为转折关系，故填连词but。]

　　3．expressing　[考查非谓语动词。句意：最后他决定给他的父亲写封信，表达他对回家的渴望并请求原谅。句中已有谓语动词decided，故设空处应用非谓语动词形式；且he与express之间为逻辑上的主动关系，故用现在分词expressing作状语。]

　　4．to welcome　[考查非谓语动词。be ready to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“准备做……”。]

　　5．nervously　[考查词性转换。分析句子结构可知，设空处修饰动词waited, 应用副词形式nervously。]

　　6．was decorated　[考查动词时态和语态。此处指的是过去的事情，且tree与decorate之间是被动关系，故用一般过去时的被动语态。故填was decorated。]

　　7．which　[考查定语从句。逗号后为非限制性定语从句，先行词为white ribbons，指物，且在从句中作主语，故用which引导 。]

　　8．the　[考查冠词。句意：他的家人不想让他错过丝带和欢迎信号的景象……。sight后有of the ribbon修饰，故此处表示特指，应填定冠词the。]

　　9．they　[考查代词。句意：……所以他们用丝带覆盖整棵树……。这里指的是他的家人，且在从句中作主语，故用主格they。]

　　10．happiness　[考查词性转换。设空处和willingness并列，作show的宾语，所以用名词形式happiness。]

　　B．语篇型短文改错(每处错误1分，共10分，限时7分钟)

　　假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

　　增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。

　　删除：把多余的词用斜线()划掉。

　　修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

　　注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

　　2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。

　　[2016·衡水中学期中]To improve my grades, I paid more attention for the teachers' talking in the classes, I asked my teachers or my classmates when I didn't understand something. I study till very late at the night when I met with difficult problems. Above all, I came to understand the importance of take notes in class. As a result, I did best in some tests day by day. About three month later, I stood out not only in my class but also in the grade in the finally exam. From then on, I tried to do my best when we did something because I know if I want something, I should work hardly for it.

　　答案　

　　To improve my grades, I paid more attention

　　the teachers' talking in the classes,

　　I asked my teachers or my classmates when I didn't understand something. I

　　till very late at

　　night when I met with difficult problems. Above all, I came to understand the importance of

　　notes in class. As a result, I did

　　in some tests day by day. About three

　　later, I stood out not only in my class but also in the grade in the

　　exam. From then on, I tried to do my best when

　　did something because I know if I want something, I should work

　　for it.