2017届河北省衡水名校高考英语一轮复习专题撬分练：专题17 词义猜测题（含解析）

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　　基础组Passage 1限时：6分钟

　　体裁：议论文　题材：学校教育类　难度：易词数：296

　　[2016·冀州中学期末]Parents who help their children with homework may actually be bringing down their school grades. Other forms of parental_involvement,_including volunteering at school and observing a child's class, also fail to help, according to the most recent study on the topic.

　　The findings challenge a key principle of modern parenting (养育子女) where schools expect them to act as partners in their children's education.

　　Previous generations concentrated on getting children to school on time, fed, dressed and ready to learn.

　　Keith Robinson, the author of the study, said, “I really don't know if the public is ready for this but there are some ways parents can be involved in their kids' education that leads to declines in their academic performance. One of the things that were consistently negative was parents' help with homework.” Robinson suggested that may be because parents themselves struggle to understand the tasks. “They may either not remember the material their kids are studying now, or in some cases never learnt it themselves, but they're still offering advice.”

　　Robinson assessed parental involvement performance and found one of the most damaging things a parent could do was to punish their children for poor marks. In general, about 20% of parental involvement was positive, about 45% negative and the rest statistically insignificant.

　　Common sense suggests it was a good thing for parents to get involved because “children with good academic success do have involved parents”， admitted Robinson.

　　But he argued that this did not prove parental involvement was the root cause of that success. “A big surprise was that Asian­American parents whose kids are doing so well in school hardly involved. They took a more reasonable approach, conveying to their children how success at school could improve their lives.”

　　最新的一项研究发现，父母帮助孩子完成家庭作业或以其他方式参与到孩子的教育中会对孩子的学业产生不利的影响。

　　★1.The underlined expression “parental involvement” in Paragraph 1 probably means ________.

　　A．parents' expectation on children's health

　　B．parents' participation in children's education

　　C．parents' control over children's life

　　D．parents' plan for children's future

　　答案　B　[词义猜测题。根据画线部分前面的“help their children with homework”以及后面的“including volunteering at school and observing a child's class”可推知，画线部分的意思应是“父母参与到孩子的教育中”。故答案为B。]

　　2．What is the major finding of Robinson's study?

　　A．Modern parents raise children in a more scientific way.

　　B．Punishing kids for bad marks is mentally damaging.

　　C．Parental involvement is not so beneficial as expected.

　　D．Parents are not able to help with children's homework.

　　答案　C　[推理判断题。根据文章第四段中的“In general, about 20%

　　of parental involvement was positive,

　　about 45% negative and the rest statistically insignificant”可知，Robinson的研究结果表明，大约20%的父母的参与是积极的，大约45%的父母的参与是消极的，剩余的是无统计意义的。通过这些数据可判断出，父母的参与没有想象中的那么有益。故答案为C。]

　　3．The example of Asian­American parents implies that parents should ________.

　　A．help children realize the importance of schooling

　　B．set a specific life goal for their children

　　C．spend more time improving their own lives

　　D．take a more active part in school management

　　答案　A　[推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中的“conveying to their children how success at school could improve their lives”可知，美籍亚裔父母向他们的孩子传递的信息是学校里的成功如何能改善他们的生活，也就是说，父母应该帮助他们的孩子意识到学校教育的重要性。故答案为A。]

　　Passage 2

　　限时：7分钟

　　体裁：记叙文　题材：人际关系类　难度：中词数：331

　　[2016·冀州中学仿真]I clearly remember the day when my little brother was born: January 1, 1994. One of my favorite family photos shows me lying with my mother in the hospital bed, happy but unaware of the small, sleeping baby in the background.

　　I stayed with my grandparents for the weekend of my brother's birth, excited about my new brother but not yet aware of what having a little brother would mean. I didn't truly realize what was going on until we were in the hospital room at Duke University—coincidentally

　　(碰巧地), the

　　same

　　room

　　in

　　which

　　I had been born two years earlier.

　　When I looked at my brother for the first time, I felt a mixture of fear and interest. Little did I know that small, pink creature would grow up to be one of my favorite people in the world.

　　In reality, though I am two years older than my brother, I_am_more _often_than_not_the_real_baby_in_the_family. I am very lacking when it comes to common sense. Instructions constantly confuse me and I frequently find myself totally puzzled by things like knowing how to start the washing machine or manage the storage settings on my iPhone.

　　That's where Gibson comes in. The poor kid has had to guide me through more tasks than I would care to admit, but he never complains. Though I should probably be told to figure it out myself, he always comes through.

　　I'm envious of his ability to readily answer the ever­present, “What do you want to do with your life？” question at family gatherings. “Be a doctor，” he says—a solid answer, completely opposite to my shaky one, “Well, I'm an English major, so...”

　　My brother truly is my best friend. No one understands me better, and there isn't anyone else I would want to be stuck with in our family. I may not have a clear idea of where I'm headed, but he is stuck with me.

　　弟弟比“我”小两岁，巧合的是，我们出生在同一间病房。这似乎注定了我们的关系非比寻常。弟弟比“我”成熟，比“我”坚定，他是“我”最好的朋友。我希望我们永远在一起。

　　1．How did the author feel when he saw his brother for the first time?

　　A．Angry and sad.

　　B．Excited and moved.

　　C．Curious and scared.

　　D．Happy and interested.

　　答案　C　[细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“When I looked at my brother for the first time, I felt a mixture of fear and interest.”可知作者第一次看到弟弟时既好奇又有些害怕，故选C项。]

　　★2.What does the underlined sentence in the fourth paragraph mean?

　　A．My brother is the real baby in the family.

　　B．In fact, I seem to be less mature than my little brother.

　　C．My brother gets more love from the family than I do.

　　D．I am growing more slowly than my brother.

　　答案　B　[词义猜测题。画线句与上文“我比弟弟大两岁”为转折关系，再结合下文作者的表现，可知作者虽然身为哥哥，却没有弟弟成熟，故选B项。]

　　3．What does the brother often help the author do?

　　A．Help him deal with many daily tasks.

　　B．Help him with his studies.

　　C．Give him advice on how to choose a major.

　　D．Comfort him when he is in a bad mood.

　　答案　A　[细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句以及第五段内容可知弟弟经常帮助作者处理一些日常的事情，比如：开洗衣机、管理手机设置等。]

　　4．What is the best title for this text?

　　A．My Strange Family Gatherings

　　B．The Real Baby in the Family

　　C．Stuck with Me—My Not­So­Little Little Brother

　　D．The Feeling of Having a Brother

　　答案　C　[主旨大意题。本文讲述了作者和弟弟之间的故事。弟弟比作者小两岁，却比他成熟坚定，是作者的好朋友。作者希望永远和弟弟在一起。stuck with意为“在一起”，表现兄弟情深，C项作为标题最合适。]

　　[长难句分析]'I didn't truly realize what was going on until we were in the hospital room at Duke University－coincidentally, the same room in which I had been born two years earlier.直到我们来到杜克大学的病房，我才意识到发生了什么——巧合的是，两年前我就出生在这个房间。

　　句式分析：该句为复合句。not...until意为“直到……才”，until引导时间状语从句；主句中what引导宾语从句；从句中含有in which引导的定语从句。

　　Passage 3限时：6分钟

　　体裁：说明文　题材：科普类　难度：易词数：269

　　[2016·武邑中学预测] A new German study has uncovered evidence that there is a strong link between traffic jams and developing a heart

　　attack. It has been found that individuals were three times more likely to develop a condition if they had recently got stuck

　　in traffic, most probably because of the exposure to the car fumes and other pollution they breathed.

　　The researchers analyzed data of heart attack cases between February 2017 and December 2017. They interviewed

　　nearly 1,500 patients to gather information and figure out what could be potential triggers for a heart attack.

　　The

　　participants were asked a standardized set of questions, such as what they were doing on the day of the heart attack, where

　　exactly they went, what means of transportation they used and how much time they spent in a traffic jam.

　　The experts found that driving a car turned out to be the most common source of traffic exposure. However, using public transportation and riding a bicycle were also other forms of traffic exposure. The researchers reported that 8% of all

　　heart attack cases were specifically linked to having been in traffic. In general, time spent in any type of transportation in

　　traffic was associated with a more than 3 times higher risk of experiencing a heart attack within the first hour immediately

　　following the exposure.

　　The team has also found that women, elderly men, patients who were unemployed, and those with a history of angina

　　(心绞痛) appeared to be particularly sensitive and were affected the most by traffic.

　　Female participants, in fact, were

　　more likely to have a 5 times greater risk of a heart attack following such exposure, compared to men.

　　德国的一项新研究发现，陷入交通堵塞和患心脏病之间有很大联系。

　　★1.The underlined word in Paragraph 2 can be replaced by _______.

　　A．directions

　　B．effects

　　C．tendencies

　　D．causes

　　答案　D　[词义猜测题。根据第二段的内容和第三段中的“driving a car turned out to be the most common source of traffic exposure”和“8% of all heart attack cases were specifically linked to having been in traffic”以及最后一段中的“greater risk of a heart attack following such exposure”可推知，trigger意为“诱因”，与cause同义。]

　　2．The researchers came to the conclusion________.

　　A．by doing experiments in hospitals

　　B．by observing the traffic in the streets

　　C．by surveying patients in hospitals

　　D．by interviewing drivers trapped in traffic jams

　　答案　C　[推理判断题。根据第二段中的“They interviewed

　　nearly 1,500 patients...”可知，研究者通过调查医院的患者，然后分析结果的方式得出结论“there is a strong link between traffic jams and developing a

　　heart attack”。]

　　3．From the last two paragraphs, we can know that________.

　　A．nearly half of all heart attack cases have a link with traffic

　　B．taking public transportation will certainly avoid heart attacks

　　C．women are less likely to be affected by traffic than men

　　D．unemployed women patients may be affected by traffic most

　　答案　D　[细节理解题。由最后一段中的“The team has also found that women, elderly men, patients who were unemployed... Female participants, in fact, were more likely to have a 5 times greater risk of a heart attack following such exposure, compared to men.”可知失业的女病人受到交通的影响可能最严重。]

　　4．What could be the best title for the passage?

　　A．Traffic Jams Are a Great Concern

　　B．Be Sure to Avoid Traffic Jams

　　C．Traffic Jams May Lead to Heart Attacks

　　D．Get Your Heart Away from Traffic Jams

　　答案　C　[标题判断题。文章第一段提出研究结果“there is a strong link between traffic jams and developing a heart attack”，下文就此展开论述，所以C项作文章标题最佳。]

　　能力组Passage 1

　　限时：7分钟

　　体裁：说明文　题材：科技发明类　难度：中词数：274

　　[2016·衡水二中模拟] In Los Angeles, drivers spend sixty­one hours every year stuck in traffic. These drivers know too well how bad the traffic can be. “There're too many cars, and you can't move around a lot.”

　　Professor Cyrus Shahabi also knows about traffic jams. He lives more than 65 kilometers from his office at the University of Southern California, in Los Angeles. He is always late even with the help of a navigation (导航) system.

　　He decided to develop a program called ClearPath for that. He says his program uses historical data to predict traffic conditions even before the driver leaves the house. “What's unique is that we use a lot of data that's currently become available including traffic data, weather data, and we analyze that so that we can predict what's going to happen in front of you when you leave home.”

　　Professor Shahabi says his system does more than just respond to current traffic conditions. With ClearPath, he says, a driver can decide what time he wants to leave, and ClearPath will give the fastest route. It looks at the entire road network, including surface streets as well as highways, before the driver hits the road. Professor Shahabi hopes to have ClearPath available nationwide and overseas once they can collect traffic data from other cities. “I always thought that Los Angeles had the worst traffic, but now I know that Shanghai, Beijing, Seoul, Tokyo, believe it or not, Singapore, Hong Kong certainly are examples that can immediately use this.”

　　Professor Shahabi hopes to share this new technology with companies that already have navigation systems, such as Google and Apple.

　　谢哈比教授发明了一种程序，能够在司机出发前收集到路况、天气等信息，这对于在交通拥挤的城市开车的人来说是一个极大的帮助。

　　1．Drivers in Los Angeles were mentioned in order to________.

　　A．show care for them

　　B．introduce their life

　　C．solve traffic problems D．raise the topic

　　答案　D　[推理判断题。通过用实例来引起下文，提出主题。]

　　2．What is unique about ClearPath?

　　A．It can use a lot of information all over the world.

　　B．It can ensure that you will never be late for work.

　　C．It helps drivers see clearly what happens on the road.

　　D．It helps drivers know the road conditions ahead of time.

　　答案　D　[细节理解题。由第三段的“... his program uses historical data to predict traffic conditions even before the driver leaves the house.”和“What's unique is that...”及第四段内容可知。]

　　★3.The underlined word “hits” in the fourth paragraph probably means________.

　　A．have an accident

　　B．get to

　　C．turn left or right D．collect traffic data

　　答案　B　[词义猜测题。根据第三段的“... his program uses historical data to predict traffic conditions even before the driver leaves the house.”以及第四段内容，不难判断hit the road为“上路”的意思。]

　　4．What's Professor Shahabi's attitude toward his invention?

　　A．Disappointed.

　　B．Proud.

　　C．Optimistic.

　　D．Worried.

　　答案　C　[推理判断题。由文章第四段的“... certainly are examples that can immediately use this.”可知谢哈比教授希望自己的发明能够得到进一步推广，对它的发展前景很乐观。]

　　Passage 2限时：7分钟

　　体裁：说明文　题材：科普类　难度：易词数：286

　　[2016·枣强中学期末]

　　Eating 40 percent less food could extend a person's life by 20 years, according to scientists.

　　Researchers at the Institute of Healthy Aging at University College London are developing a treatment that they hope will fight the “disease” of getting older.

　　They are looking into how genetics (遗传学) and lifestyle can affect aging and add years, possibly decades, to a person's life.

　　Age­related diseases such as cardiovascular diseases, cancer and neuro degeneration can also be treated, it is claimed.

　　They want to find out how the life of a rat can be increased by up to 30 percent simply by reducing its food intake.

　　Researcher Dr Piper told The Independent, “If you reduce the diet of a rat by 40 percent it will live for 20 or 30 percent longer. So we would be talking 20 years of human life. This has shown on all sorts of animals, even Labradors (a kind of dog)．” The scientists are also studying fruit flies, which share 60 percent of human genes and age in a similar manner, and mice.

　　They have already made the healthy lifespan (寿命) longer in both flies and mice by using drug treatments and a balanced diet. It is hoped that this combination will also work to extend (延长) human life. Dr Piper said,

　　“If we discover the genes involved with aging, we should be able to delay aging itself. This is what we've found.”

　　He added that the_field_of_research_into_extending_life_is_only_ a_

　　decade_old,_so_remains_“in_theory”. It is their special approach to treating all age­related diseases caused by the “disease” of aging itself that sets their research apart.

　　文章介绍一个有关饮食与寿命长短的关系的研究。

　　1．The author writes this text in order to________.

　　A．encourage people to eat as little as possible

　　B．tell people how harmful food is to their health

　　C．introduce an on­going research on delaying aging

　　D．show how similar mice and humans are to each other

　　答案　C　[推理判断题。本文客观地介绍了一项正在进行的研究。]

　　2．How can people live longer according to the text?

　　A．Exercise regularly.

　　B．Reduce their diet properly.

　　C．Vary their lifestyles constantly.

　　D．Change their genes completely.

　　答案　B　[推理判断题。本文的主旨大意是饮食和寿命长短的关系。根据第五段中的“They want to find out how the life of a rat can be increased by up to 30 percent simply by reducing its food intake.”及第六段内容可知。]

　　★3.What does the underlined sentence in the last paragraph suggest?

　　A．The research is effort­taking.

　　B．The result of the research is reliable.

　　C．The research has been done for a long time.

　　D．There's a long way to go to put the theory into practice.

　　答案　D　[句意猜测题。画线句子是说，这个研究才开始10年，所以还停留在理论层面，以后的路还很长，所以D项正确。]

　　Passage 3限时：6分钟

　　体裁：记叙文　题材：个人情感类　难度：易词数：286

　　[2016·衡水二中仿真]When I told my father that I was moving to Des Moines, Iowa, he told me about the only time he had been there. It was in the 1930s, when he was an editor of the literary magazine of Southern Methodist University (SMU) in Dallas, Texas. He also worked as a professor at SMU, and there was a girl student in his class who suffered from a serious back disease. She couldn't afford the operation because her family was poor.

　　Her mother ran a boarding house in Galveston, a seaside town near Houston, Texas. She was cleaning out the attic (阁楼) one

　　day when she came across an old dusty manuscript (手稿). On its top page were the words，“By O．Henry.” It was a nice story, and she sent it to her daughter at SMU, who showed it to my father. My father had never read the story before, but it sounded like O．Henry, and he knew that O. Henry had once lived in Houston.So it was possible that the famous author had gone to the beach and stayed in the Galveston boarding house, and had written the story there and left the manuscript behind by accident.My father visited an O．Henry expert at Columbia University in New York, who authenticated the story as O．Henry's.

　　My father then set out to sell it.Eventually, he found himself in Des Moines, meeting with Gardner Cowles, a top editor at the Des Moines Register. Cowles loved the story and bought it on the spot. My father took the money to the girl. It was just enough for her to have the operation she so desperately needed.

　　My father never told me what the O．Henry story was about. But I doubt that it could have been better than his own story.

　　文章讲述了作者的父亲帮助他的一位患病学生的经历。这位学生的母亲偶然发现了一本O.Henry的手稿。作者的父亲亲自去Des Moines帮助他的学生卖了这部手稿，并把钱给了他的学生。

　　1．Who found the O．Henry's manuscript?

　　A．The girl's mother.

　　B．The author's father.

　　C．The girl.

　　D．The author.

　　答案　A　[细节理解题。根据文章第二段第二、三句可知：一天她母亲在打扫阁楼时，偶然发现了一本布满灰尘的手稿，首页上写着“欧·亨利著”，故选A项。]

　　2．Which of the following might explain the fact that the manuscript was found in the attic?

　　A．O.Henry once worked in Houston.

　　B．O.Henry once stayed in Galveston.

　　C．O.Henry once moved to Des Moines.

　　D．O.Henry once taught at SMU.

　　答案　B　[细节理解题。根据文章第二段第五句和第六句可知：欧·亨利曾经在Houston居住。因此，这位著名的作家有可能去过海边并且在那所房子里住过，他在那里写了这部小说，然后无意中把手稿落在了那里。故选B项。]

　　★3.The

　　underlined

　　word “authenticated” in Paragraph 2 probably means________.

　　A．named B．treated

　　C．proved

　　D．described

　　答案　C　[词义猜测题。根据语境可知，我父亲拜访了在纽约的哥伦比亚大学的一位研究欧·亨利的专家，他证明这部手稿就是欧·亨利的作品。A：命名；B：对待；C：证明；D：描写；故选C项。]

　　4．According to the text, why did the author's father go to Des Moines?

　　A．To sell the O．Henry story.

　　B．To meet the author himself.

　　C．To talk with the O．Henry expert.

　　D．To give money to the girl.

　　答案　A　[细节理解题。根据第三段前三句可知：父亲要把这部手稿卖掉，最终他去了Des Moines去见Gardner Cowles，一位Des Moines Register杂志的高级编辑，这位编辑十分喜欢这个故事并且当场买下了它。故选A。]

　　强化组Passage 1

　　限时：7分钟

　　体裁：记叙文　题材：人物故事类　难度：中词数：255

　　[2016·枣强中学期中] When Shakespeare was twenty­one, he went to London,

　　a very interesting place, to try his fortune.

　　There were the famous London Bridge and St. Paul's

　　Cathedral,

　　and palaces and markets and long streets full of shops.

　　Then, too, there were the daily crowds where could be

　　seen people from all over the world. Knights, scholars and

　　highwaymen (拦路强盗) or thieves who had been infamous for their clever robberies, passed by each other.

　　Here, also, were noblemen dressed in gold, from Italy, Spain and France; slaves from Spanish America, sea captains

　　and ministers,

　　soldiers and servants—all held by chances or interests within the gray walls which circled London, and

　　whose gates gave welcome to as strange a crowd as could be found in the world.

　　Into this curious crowd came Shakespeare, quick to see and

　　eager to learn. And before long all these strange sights were as

　　familiar to him as the faces of his own town's residents. Each one

　　told its story to him so plainly that, as before he had learned the secrets of the fields and woods, so now he learned men and men's interests that make up the great world.

　　And he learned these lessons so well that when he came

　　to write his plays, he made such use of them as no writer ever

　　made before or since; for it is the use of this knowledge of the

　　world,

　　combined with his own genius,

　　that makes Shakespeare

　　the greatest dramatist that has ever lived.

　　本文主要讲述了莎士比亚到伦敦后的经历，他很快适应了那里的生活，并把自己所观察到的事情融入自己的创作中。

　　1．What was London like in Shakespeare's eyes when he first

　　went there?

　　A．Dirty and small.

　　B．Strange and interesting.

　　C．Infamous and terrible.

　　D．Familiar and modern.

　　答案　B　[细节理解题。根据第一段中的“a very interesting place”和第五段中的“all these strange sights”可知，在Shakespeare的眼中，伦敦是一个有趣而陌生的城市，即B项正确。]

　　2．Which of the following best describes Shakespeare?

　　A．Shakespeare got inspiration to write from his hometown, London.

　　B．Shakespeare was eager to make friends with the noblemen

　　in London.

　　C．Shakespeare was good at observing and learning fromthe daily life.

　　D．Shakespeare became the greatest dramatist owing to his

　　own genius.

　　答案　C　[推理判断题。根据第五段可知，Shakespeare来到伦敦不久之后，通过观察和学习了解了伦敦，并适应了那里的生活，由此可推断出，Shakespeare擅长观察日常生活并从中学习，故C项正确。]

　　★3.What does the underlined word “one” in Paragraph 5 refer

　　to?

　　A．Crowd.

　　B．Sight.

　　C．Face.

　　D．Resident.

　　答案　B　[词义猜测题。画线词后的“as before he had learned the secrets of the fields and woods”的意思为“正如他以前所学到的田野和树林的秘密那样”，根据这句话可知，one指的是像田野和树林一样的景象，故B项正确。]

　　4．The passage probably comes from________.

　　A．a poster

　　B．a textbook

　　C．an advertisement

　　D．an announcement

　　答案　B　[推理判断题。本文主要讲述了莎士比亚到伦敦的经历，所以这篇文章最有可能出现在一本教材中，故B项正确。]

　　Passage 2限时：7分钟

　　体裁：记叙文　题材：人物故事类　难度：中词数：272

　　[2016·衡水二中热身] My father was a self­taught mandolin player. He was one of the best string instrument players in our town. He could

　　not read music, but if he heard a tune a few times, he could play it. When he was young, he was a member of a small

　　country music band that featured Patsy Cline as their lead singer but he left it.

　　Dad was a very religious man. There was

　　a lot of drinking and cursing (咒骂)

　　on the day of his audition and he did not want to be around that type of environment.

　　Occasionally, Dad would get out his mandolin and play for the family. I loved to sing, but I never learned how to

　　play the mandolin. This is something I regret to this day.

　　Father once worked for Todd Steel in Point of Rocks, Maryland and was involved in an accident.

　　Dad got the index

　　finger of his left hand mashed between two pieces of steel. He didn't lose enough of the finger where it would stop him

　　picking up anything, but it did impact his ability to play the mandolin.

　　After the accident,

　　Dad was reluctant (不愿意的)

　　to play the mandolin.

　　When I came home on leave and asked him

　　to play he would make excuses for why he couldn't play.

　　Eventually, we would wear_him_down and he would say, “Okay,

　　but remember, I can't hold down on the strings the way I used to.” For the family it didn't make any difference that Dad

　　couldn't play as well.

　　In 1993, my father was diagnosed with inoperable lung cancer. About a week before his death, we asked Dad if he

　　would play the mandolin for us.

　　He made excuses but said “okay”.

　　He knew it would probably be the last time he could

　　play for us.

　　Dad was doing something he had done all his life, giving. Sick as he was, he was still pleasing others.

　　Dad

　　sure could play that Mandolin!

　　作者通过回忆父亲和他的曼陀林的故事表达了对一生只想着奉献和如何让亲人快乐的父亲的思念。

　　1．What can we learn from the passage about the father?

　　A．Father practiced very hard in order to play the mandolin well.

　　B．Father left the band because he hated the atmosphere there.

　　C．The writer was taught to play the mandolin by his father.

　　D．Father was once the lead singer of a small local band.

　　答案　B　[细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“There was a lot of drinking and cursing (咒骂) on the day of his audition and he did not want to be around that type of environment.”可知B项正确。根据第一段中的“if he heard a tune a few times，he could play it”可排除A项；根据第二段中的“I loved to sing, but I never learned how to play the mandolin.”可排除C项；根据第一段中的“he was a member of a small country music band that featured Patsy Cline as their lead singer”可排除D项。]

　　2．Why was Father unwilling to play the mandolin after the accident?

　　A．Because he was afraid he couldn't play as well as before.

　　B．Because he was badly injured and was too weak to play it.

　　C．Because he didn't have enough fingers to play the mandolin.

　　D．Because his family would feel disappointed at his performance.

　　答案　A　[推理判断题。根据第三段可知，父亲在一次事故中左手食指严重受伤，虽然他仍然可以演奏，但是受伤的手指还是对父亲的演奏能力产生了影响，再结合第四段中的“Okay，but remember, I can't hold down on the strings the way I used to.”和“For the family it didn't make any difference that Dad couldn't play as well.”可知，父亲不愿意演奏是因为担心演奏得没有以前好。]

　　★3.What does the underlined phrase “wear him down”

　　in the 4th paragraph probably mean?

　　A．Make him angry.

　　B．Make him tired.

　　C．Defeat him.

　　D．Persuade him.

　　答案　D　[词义猜测题。根据本句中的“Eventually”和“Okay”可知，父亲最终同意为大家演奏曼陀林，由此可以推断，画线处指的应是我们说服了父亲，故选D。]

　　4．Which of the following words can be used to best describe Father?

　　A．Generous but strict.

　　B．Kind and helpful.

　　C．Religious and caring.

　　D．Clever and brave.

　　答案　C　[推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Dad was a very religious man.”和最后一段中的“Dad was doing something he had done all his life, giving... pleasing others.”可知C项正确。]

　　Passage 3限时：6分钟

　　体裁：说明文　题材：科普知识类　难度：中词数：274

　　[2016·武邑中学期末] If you think that running marathons will help you live a

　　long and healthy life, new research may come as a shock.

　　According to a recent scientific study, people who do a very

　　strenuous workout are as likely to die as people who do no

　　exercise at all.

　　Scientists in Denmark have been studying over 1,000

　　joggers and non­joggers for 12 years. The death rates from the

　　sample group indicate that people who jog at a moderate pace

　　two or three times a week for less than two and a half hours in

　　total are least likely to die. The best speed to jog at was found

　　to be about 5 miles per hour. The research suggests that

　　people who jog more than three times a week or at higher

　　speeds of over 7 mph die at the same rate as non­joggers.

　　The

　　scientists think that this is because strenuous exercise causes

　　structural changes to the heart and arteries (动脉).Over time, this can cause serious injuries.

　　Peter Schnohr, a researcher in Copenhagen, said,

　　“If

　　your goal is to decrease risk of death and improve life

　　expectancy, jogging a few times a week at a moderate pace is

　　a good strategy. Anything more is not just unnecessary,

　　and it

　　may be harmful.”

　　The implications of this are that moderate forms of exercise such as t'ai chi, yoga and brisk walking may be better for us than “iron man” events, triathlons and long­distance running and cycling. According to Jacob Louis Marott, another researcher involved in the study, “You don't actually

　　have to do that much to have a good impact on your health.

　　And perhaps you shouldn't actually do too much.”

　　最新的一项科学研究显示：从事剧烈运动的人与根本不锻炼的人死亡几率是一样的，而适度的锻炼会有益于健康。

　　★1.The underlined word

　　“strenuous” in Paragraph 1 is closest

　　in meaning to “________”．

　　A．hard

　　B．regular

　　C．practical

　　D．flexible

　　答案　A　[词义猜测题。此处指像马拉松一样的锻炼，所以strenuous应与hard意思相近，表示“艰苦的，费力的”。regular“定时的”；practical“实用的”；flexible“灵活的”。]

　　2．The author presents some figures in Paragraph 2 to________.

　　A．suggest giving up jogging

　　B．show risks of doing sports

　　C．provide supportive evidence

　　D．introduce the research process

　　答案　C　[写作目的题。作者在第二段中采用了列数字的方法，是为了提供支持的证据，能更有力地说明第一段的研究结论。]

　　3．According to the scientists, why is too much exercise

　　harmful?

　　A．It may injure the heart and arteries.

　　B．It can make the body tired out.

　　C．It will bring much pressure.

　　D．It consumes too much energy.

　　答案　A　[细节理解题。根据第二段的最后两句“The scientists think that this is because strenuous exercise causes structural changes to the heart and arteries (动脉). Over time, this can cause serious injuries.”可知，剧烈运动会导致心脏和动脉结构发生变化，从而有损健康。]

　　4．What can be inferred from the text?

　　A．No exercise at all is the best choice.

　　B．More exercise means a healthier life.

　　C．Marathons runners are least likely to die.

　　D．Proper exercise contributes to good health.

　　答案　D　[推理判断题。根据最后两段可知，过度锻炼不仅没有必要，而且还可能有害，适当的锻炼会有助于健康。]