【新人教版】（广东专版）高三英语一轮复习同步精练（附解析）：选修8 Unit 5　Meeting your ancestors（附解析）

　　Unit 5　Meeting your ancestors

　　Ⅰ. 完形填空

　　阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从1～15各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

　　A majority of people have no idea of the hard work and worry that goes into the collecting of those fascinating birds and animals that they pay to see in the zoo.One of the questions that are always asked of me is how I became an animal collector in the first __1__.The answer is that I have always been interested in animals and zoos.According to my parents，the first word I was able to say with any __2__ was not the conventional “mamma” or “daddy”，but the word “zoo”，which I would __3__ over and over again with a shrill __4__ until someone，in groups to __5__ me up，would take me to the zoo.When I __6__ a little older，we lived in Greece and I had a great __7__ of pets，ranging from owls to seahorses，and I spent all my spare time __8__ the countryside in search of fresh specimens to __9__ to my collection of pets.__10__ on I went for a year to the City Zoo，as a student __11__ to get experience of the large animals，such as lions，bears，bison and ostriches，which were not easy to keep at home.When I left，I __12__ had enough money of my own to be able to __13__ my first trip and I have been going __14__ ever since then.Though a collector’s job is not an easy one and is full of __15__，it is certainly a job which will appeal to all those who love animals and travel.

　　【解题导语】 本文讲述了作者从热爱动物到收集动物的故事，尽管要经历辛酸苦辣。

　　1．A．region

　　B．field

　　C．place

　　D．case

　　解析：in the first place是固定短语，意思是“首先”。此句意思是：别人经常问到的问题之一，是当初我是如何爱上动物的。

　　答案：C

　　2．A.clarity

　　B．emotion

　　C．sentiment

　　D．affection

　　解析：这句话的意思是：作者在呀呀学语之时，最早发清楚的音是“zoo”(动物园)，而不是“妈妈”，“爸爸”，因此，应选clarity“清晰”。填入其他选项emotion(感 情)，sentiment(多愁善感)，affection(友爱)不合逻辑。

　　答案：A

　　3．A.recite

　　B．recognize

　　C．read

　　D．repeat

　　解析：根据后面的over and over again，应选“repeat”。

　　答案：D

　　4．A.volume

　　B．noise

　　C．voice

　　D．pitch

　　解析：小孩想去动物园，便不停地发出尖叫声，故选“voice”。A项shrill voice与scream的意思接近。volume(音量)；noise(噪音)；pitch(音调)均不合要求。

　　答案：C

　　5．A.close

　　B．shut

　　C．stop

　　D．comfort

　　解析：shut sb. up是指让某人住口，为了让孩子停止尖叫，只好带他去动物园。

　　答案：B

　　6．A.grew

　　B．turned

　　C．kept

　　D．remained

　　解析：表示年龄的增长用grew。

　　答案：A

　　7．A.many

　　B．amount

　　C．number

　　D．supply

　　解析：great many后直接跟可数名词的复数形式；a great/large amount of后跟不可数名词；只有a great/large number of后可以跟可数名词的复数形式。

　　答案：C

　　8．A.living

　　B．cultivating

　　C．reclaiming

　　D．exploring

　　解析：living后必须接介词in，意为“居住”；cultivating耕种；reclaiming开垦；只有exploring有探察的意思。

　　答案：D

　　9．A.increase

　　B．include

　　C．add

　　D．enrich

　　解析：add to相当于increase增加。其余选项后面都不接to。

　　答案：C

　　10．A.later

　　B．further

　　C．then

　　D．subsequently

　　解析：later on为固定短语，“后来”。

　　答案：A

　　11．A.attendant

　　B．keeper

　　C．member

　　D．aide

　　解析：attendant仆人；keeper可理解为“饲养员”，但是a student keeper容易被误解为“收留学生的人”；aide有“助手”之义。作者一边上学，一边在动物园里打工，只能当助手。

　　答案：D

　　12．A.luckily

　　B．gladly

　　C．nearly

　　D．successfully

　　解析：因为钱是在动物园打工挣的，选successfully更能体现其含义。

　　答案：D

　　13．A.pay

　　B．provide

　　C．allow

　　D．finance

　　解析：finance my first trip意为“支付我的旅行费用”；pay后应接介词for；其他选项的意思相差甚远。

　　答案：D

　　14．A.normally

　　B．regularly

　　C．usually

　　D．often

　　解析：此句为现在完成进行时态，选regularly比较贴切。

　　答案：B

　　15．A.expectations

　　B．sorrows

　　C．excitement

　　D．disappointments

　　解析：此句是由though引导的让步状语从句，应与主句意思相对立。选项中，sorrows和disappointments与主句的appeal to相对立，但sorrows的分量太重。

　　答案：D

　　Ⅱ. 词汇运用

　　1．The game ________(因下雨中断了)．

　　2．I didn’t see your car，so I ________(认为你出去了)．

　　3．My teacher is always smoking in class，________(不管学生的健康)．

　　4．You can’t even cut up meat with the knife；it ________(需要磨一下)．

　　5．Efforts ________(维护和平) have failed.

　　6．The book gives a ________(贫困及其根源的详细分析)．

　　7．________(具体问题总是具体对待)．

　　8．The new drug ________(对这种病的治疗有重大意义)．

　　9．There exist significant differences between ________(西方和我们的教育制度)．

　　10．The ambassador’s wonderful speech ________(赢得了经久不息的热烈掌声)．

　　11．A few words of comfort ________(消除了她的疑虑)．

　　12．My watch ________(走得不太准)．

　　答案：1.was interrupted by the rain　2.assumed that you’d gone out　3.regardless of the health of the students　4.needs sharpening　5.to preserve the peace　6.detailed analysis of poverty and its causes　7.Deal with specific problems specifically　8.has great significance for the treatment of the disease　9.western educational systems and those of ours　10.received long­lasting warm applause　11.relieved her of her anxiety　12.is not very accurate

　　Ⅲ.阅读理解

　　What does it mean to say that we live in a world of persuasion? It means that we live among competing interests.Your roommate’s need to study for an exam may take priority(优先) over pizza.Your instructor may have good reasons not to change your grade.And the object of your romantic interest may have other options.

　　In such a world, persuasion is the art of getting others to give fair and favorable consideration to our point of view.When we persuade, we want to influence how others believe and behave.We may not always prevail—other points of view may be more persuasive, depending on the listener, the situation, and the merit of the case.But when we practice the art of persuasion, we try to ensure that our position receives the attention it deserves.

　　Some people, however, object to the very idea of persuasion.They may regard it as an unwelcome interruption into their lives. Just the opposite, we believe that persuasion is unavoidable—to live is to persuade.Persuasion may be ethical(合乎道义的) or unethical, selfless or selfish, inspiring or degrading. Ethical persuasion, however, calls for sound reasoning and is sensitive to the feelings and needs of listeners.Such persuasion can help us apply the wisdom of the past to the decisions we now must make. Therefore，the most basic part of education is learning to resist the one kind of persuasion and to encourage and practise the other.

　　Beyond its personal importance to us, persuasion is indispensable to society.The right to persuade and be persuaded is the bedrock of the American political system, guaranteed by the First Amendment to the Constitution(美国宪法)．

　　【文章大意】 我们生活在一个劝说的世界。劝说无处不在，无法避免。

　　1．According to the passage，persuasion means ________.

　　A．changing others’ points of view

　　B．exercising power over other people

　　C．getting other people to consider your point of view

　　D．getting people to agree with you and do what you want

　　解析：考查细节理解。参照第二段中的“persuasion is the art of getting others to give fair and favorable consideration to our points of view.”可知C选项正确。

　　答案：C

　　2．The underlined word “prevail” in the second paragraph means ________.

　　A．win

　　B．fail

　　C．speak

　　D．listen

　　解析：考查词义猜测。从文章第二段“other points of view may be more persuasive...”可知道其他人的观点也许更有说服力，要根据听众，当时的情形等诸多因素，可以推断我们也许会被别人说服，不会总是成功。

　　答案：A

　　3．The passage states that some people object to persuasion because they think it is ________.

　　A．a danger to society

　　B．difficult to do well

　　C．unwelcome behavior

　　D．never successful

　　解析：考查细节理解。从文章第三段第二句“They may regard it as an unwelcome interruption into their lives.”可知C选项正确。

　　答案：C

　　4．The passage mainly discusses ________.

　　A．how people persuade

　　B．why people persuade

　　C．that persuasion is both good and bad

　　D．that persuasion is important and it is all around us

　　解析：考查细节理解。根据文章第三段“we believe that persuasion is unavoidable...”和最后一段“Beyond its personal importance to us，persuasion is indispensable to society.”可说明persuasion无处不在，而且对社会很重要。

　　答案：D

　　5．We can infer from the passage that ________.

　　A．if you are right，you can always be successful in your persuasion

　　B．persuasion is a necessary and important act in any society

　　C．any persuasion is from a selfish and annoying point of view

　　D．persuasion is hard to do and hard to succeed

　　解析：考查推断理解。根据最后一段“Beyond its personal importance to us，persuasion is indispensable to society.”可判断B项正确；根据文章第二段最后一句“But when we practice the art of persuasion，we try to...”可知道掌握了说服这门艺术，说服就变得容易，判断D项错误；根据第二段可知，即使你正确，也未必总是成功，说服成功与否还要根据很多外在因素，可判断A项错误；根据文章第三段“persuasion may be ethical or unethical，selfless or selfish”可判断C项错误。

　　答案：B

　　Ⅳ.信息匹配

　　阅读下列应用文及相关信息，并按要求匹配信息。

　　首先请阅读下列旅游公园的信息：

　　(2010·广东惠州一调)

　　A．CANYON COUNTRY PARK

　　Arizona’s northwest region is home to awe­inspiring beauty，including one of the Seven Wonders of the world：the Grand Canyon.Explore further and you will find the beautiful Sedona and Oak Creek Canyon and the high­peaked San Francisco Mountains.Activities change along with the colors of the seasons，from hiking and rafting to skiing and sledding.

　　B．CHIEF SLEEP EASY RV PARK

　　Quiet park for all with great value.Located in a small town but close to larger towns in Nevada and Utah.Club house and Internet.Most utilities paid.Then retreat to this campground with lush landscaping and a lovely San Gabriel Mountains backdrop.Enjoy Wi­Fi and modern service for your computing needs.The full gym and heated pool are open year­round，the mini­market is fully stocked and catering service is available.

　　C．ARIZONA RV PARK

　　Open all year.Set at 7,000 feet under the cool shade of ponderosa pines near the Coconino National Forest and the Historic Route 66.Set out on hiking trails from your cliff dwellings.Northern Arizona features local geology and native cultures.Shop and dine in downtown Flagstaff.KOA staff can help arrange tours to northern Arizona sites.

　　D．CANYON MOTEL & RV PARK

　　This property is rated 1 in the Williams www.tripadvisor.com for the third year in a row.This grand canyon country location is a perfect escape from the ordinary mountain views and located in the largest growth of ponderosa pines in the world.Go south 3/4 mile and the park is the first business on the right.

　　E．RED LODGE OAK PARK

　　Open：May 11～September 30.

　　Our Activities：golf，trout fishing，hiking，horseback riding，and shopping.

　　Our Events：heated swimming pool，available memorial day through labor and fun cycles.

　　F．FLINTSTONES BEDROCK CITY PARK

　　Located in beautiful northern Arizona，it is a theme park of wildlife，with a natural animal zoo，a gift shop，a diner，a convenience store，galleries and restaurants.The legendary Beartooth Highway begins near this place，which winds for 69 miles past glaciers，alpine lakes and towering peaks in Montana and Wyoming to Yellowstone National Park.

　　请阅读以下旅游者的信息，然后匹配旅游者和其选定的旅游公园的信息。

　　【文章大意】 本部分要求将旅游者与旅游公园的信息匹配起来。

　　1．Danniel，a professor，poet and historian，from Newcastle，wants to spend their five­day holidays，along with his students，by exploring local history and native cultures this October.

　　解析：本题的“local history，native cultures”与C项的“local，native cultures”相匹配。

　　答案：C

　　2．Orwell，a great quiet writer，will spend his holiday from May 1 to May 15.He is used to doing exercises in the gym in the morning，and enjoys swimming in a heated pool at noon.

　　解析：本题的“He is used to doing exercises in the gym in the morning，and enjoys swimming in a heated pool at noon”与B项的“The full gym and heated pool are open year­round”相匹配。

　　答案：B

　　3．Nick，who likes hiking and rafting，wants to ride the nearby Skyride up to 11,500 feet for a view of the Grand Canyon，Utah and the city of Flagstaff this summer.

　　解析：本题的“the Grand Canyon，hiking and rafting”与A项的“the Grand Canyon，hiking and rafting”相匹配。

　　答案：A

　　4．Bergius，from Greek，active and challenging，competed in the local 12th Horseback Riding.He will marry his girlfriend by traveling this August.His girlfriend is interested in riding a cycle and shopping.

　　解析：本题的“this August，interested in riding a cycle and shopping”与E项的“May 11～September 30，fun cycles，shopping”相匹配。

　　答案：E

　　5．Cuvier，biologist of studying wild animals and plants，will attend the Animals Festival of Nation，Mountain Man Rendezvous and other summer festivals.He is also about to visit Yellowstone National Park by the way.

　　解析：本题的“wild animals and plants，Yellowstone National Park”与F项的“wildlife，natural animal zoo，Yellowstone National Park”相匹配。

　　答案：F

　　Ⅴ.基础写作

　　(2010·揭阳市高考二模)

　　妈妈的怀抱

　　父母对子女的爱护永远是那么的贴心温暖，动物世界亦然。

　　阳光明媚的一天，水獭妈妈打算带宝宝到河对岸去，但是困倦的宝宝可不愿辛苦游着过河。于是，水獭妈妈把宝宝放在了肚皮上，“仰泳”抵达河对岸，水獭宝宝全程酣睡。这一幕被拍摄了下来，上传到网上后，温暖了无数人的心。

　　参考词汇：水獭otter；仰泳do backstroke；

　　【写作要求】

　　1．使用5个句子表达全部的内容；

　　2．文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称。

　　【评分标准】

　　句子结构的准确性和复杂度；信息内容的完整性和连贯性。

　　________________________________________________________________________

　　________________________________________________________________________

　　________________________________________________________________________

　　________________________________________________________________________

　　________________________________________________________________________

　　【参考范文】

　　One sunny day，Mother Otter decided to take her baby to the other side of the river. However，Baby Otter，being too tired，was not willing to do the swimming at all. Therefore，Mother Otter carried her baby on her belly and did backstroke all the way until they got to their destination while Baby Otter was soundly asleep. The touching scene，which was filmed and uploaded to the internet，warmed the hearts of a large number of netizens，with me included.Love from MOTHER is always there，even in the animal world.

　　Ⅵ.读写任务

　　(2010·湛江市普通高考测试)

　　阅读下面的短文，然后按照要求写一篇150词左右的英语短文。

　　The U．N. Climate Change conference opened in Copenhagen，Denmark on Dec.7th with some 15,000 delegates and observers from nearly 200 countries attending what is called the last best chance for an agreement to combat global warming.

　　Most scientists believe the warming trend is mainly caused by human activity，especially the use of fossil fuels (化石燃料) and the cutting down of forests. In Copenhagen，experts and officials alike are putting the emphasis on what people and governments can do to cut the emission (排放) of greenhouse gasses. Scientists say a 25 to 40 percent cut in carbon­dioxide emissions is needed to control global warming.

　　A youthful online group that calls itself the “Low­Carbon Tribe” is leading the way to an eco­friendly lifestyle. Tribe members，who range in age from 20 to 40，say they are trying to reduce carbon dioxide emissions in a relaxed and fashionable way. Helping save the planet is part of their daily routine，they claim，citing the way they dress，what they eat and how they travel.

　　【写作内容】

　　1．以约30个词概括这段短文的内容；

　　2．然后以约120个词就“低碳生活”进行议论，内容包括：

　　(1)低碳生活所包含的出行方式，节能等方面，并具体举例说明；

　　(2)简要谈低碳生活的好处。

　　【写作要求】

　　1．在作文中可以使用自己亲身的经历或虚构的故事，也可以参照阅读材料的内容但不得直接引用原文中的句子；

　　2．作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称。

　　【评分标准】

　　概括准确，语言规范，内容合适，篇章连贯。

　　【参考范文】

　　Lead a Low­Carbon Lifestyle

　　In Copenhagen，the severe consequence brought by carbon­dioxide emissions arouses great concern of experts and officials. Some volunteer groups online propose a low­carbon lifestyle to the reduction of carbon­dioxide emissions.

　　A low­carbon lifestyle covers many aspects of modern life，such as transportation，home heating，and holiday travel，which can be conducted in a way that gives the maximum reduction of personal carbon emissions. In reality，anyone can get involved. Drink less bottled water because plastic harms the environment. Take a subway or a bus to work instead of private cars，which can avoid the carbon­dioxide emissions. Raise your air conditioner’s temperature to save energy. There is other carbon­saving advice such as washing clothes by hand，eating less meat and climbing stairs instead of using elevators. Moreover，planting trees is an effective way tobalancetheir carbon dioxide emissions.

　　In a word，leading a low­carbon lifestyle helps cut the carbon­dioxide emissions，save energy and give us a healthy life.