2017届高考英语（北师大版）一轮复习综合训练（课件）：Module 5 Unit 14 Careers

　　三、变化原则 1．直接引语：直接引用别人的原话叫做直接引语，直接引

　　语通常置于引号内(“引用原话”)。

　　“What is it all about？”“究竟是什么事呢？”

　　“Nothing serious，just a storm in a teacup.” “没有什么，

　　大惊小怪而已。”

　　2．间接引语：用自己的话转述别人的意思，或引用自己说

　　过的话，都叫做间接引语。间接引语多数用宾语从句来

　　表达。

　　He said that his hands were quite full at that moment.他

　　说那时他忙得不可开交。

　　3．直接引语和间接引语的转换

　　(1)转述陈述句或感叹句去标点符号和引号，用say that接

　　宾语从句，said后从句中人称、时态等要作相应的变化。

　　She said，“I am going to the market.”

　　She said (that) she was going to the market.

　　“What an interesting novel！”she said.

　　She said that it was such an interesting novel.

　　(2)转述一般或反意疑问句去标点符号和引号。用 if/whether接宾语从句，改用陈述句语序。从句中人称、时 态等要作相应的变化。 He asked，“You are a native，aren’t you？” He asked (me) if/whether I was a native. (3)转述选择疑问句去标点符号和引号，接whether...or引导 的宾语从句，改用陈述句语序，从句中人称、时态等要作 相应的变化。 He said，“Is this car Mr.Green’s or Mr.Brown’s？” He asked (me) whether that car was Mr.Green’s or

　　Mr.Brown’s. (4)转述特殊疑问句，去标点符号和引号，由原疑问词引导 宾语从句，改用陈述句语序，从句中人称、时态等要作相 应的变化。 She said，“Where are you going？” She asked (me) where I was going.

　　语法专练 Ⅰ.句型转换。把下列句子变为间接引语。 1．He said，“I’ve left my book in my room.” →________________________________________________ 2．She said，“He will be busy.” →________________________________________________ 3．She said to Tom，“Can you help me？” →________________________________________________ 4．She asked，“Is this book yours or his？” →________________________________________________ 5．The teacher asked，“How did you repair it？” →________________________________________________ He told me that he had left his book in his room.

　　She said that he would be busy.

　　She asked Tom if /whether he could help her.

　　She asked me whether that book was mine or his.

　　The teacher asked me how I had repaired it.

　　6．The teacher said to the students，“Don’t waste your

　　time.” → ______________________________________________ 7．The mother said，“Tom，get up early，please.” →______________________________________________ 8．The teacher said，“The earth goes round the sun.” →______________________________________________ 9．My father said，“Practice makes perfect.” →______________________________________________ 10．The boy said to us，“ I usually get up at six every day.” →______________________________________________ The teacher told the students not to waste their time.

　　The mother asked Tom to get up early.

　　The teacher said that the earth goes round the sun.

　　My father said practice makes perfect.

　　The boy told us he usually gets up at six every day.

　　Ⅱ.单项填空 1．He said，“I am living with my brother.”

　　He said that ________ was living with his brother.

　　A．I

　　B．you

　　C．he

　　D．they

　　答案：C 2．He said，“You are sure to get a warm welcome there.”

　　He said that we ________ sure to get a warm welcome there.

　　A．am

　　B．was

　　C．were

　　D．are

　　答案：C 3．She says，“Something is wrong with my bike.”

　　She says that something is wrong with ________ bike.

　　A．my

　　B．a

　　C．his

　　D．her

　　答案：D 4．He has said，“I will not do so again.”

　　He has said that he ________ not do so again.

　　A．will

　　B．must

　　C．would

　　D．do

　　答案：A 5．The teacher said，“My son had the same experience as

　　the little boy.”

　　The teacher said that his son had ________ the same

　　experience as the little boy.

　　A．been

　　B．have

　　C．had

　　D．done

　　答案：C 1．The students asked ________.

　　A．when is the sports meeting going to be held

　　B．when the sports meeting is going to be held

　　C．if was the sports meeting going to be held

　　D．if the sports meeting was going to be held

　　解析：题意：“学生问是否要举办运动会。”A、B

　　是时态不合适；C是语序不对，故答案是D。

　　答案：D

　　2．—Do you know ________？

　　—Yes，he works in a hospital.

　　A．where does Tom work

　　B．where Tom works

　　C．what does Tom do

　　D．what Tom does

　　解析：题意：“你知道Tom在哪儿工作吗？”“是的，他在

　　医院工作。”A、C语序不对，D是说“Tom是干什么工作”，

　　和答语不符，故答案是B。

　　答案：B 3．—I saw Dave in the lift this morning.

　　—Really？He ________ around here for a long time.

　　A．won’t be seen

　　B．wasn’t seen

　　C．hasn’t been seen

　　D．hadn’t been seen

　　解析：题意：“今天早上我在电梯里见到了Dave。”“真

　　的吗？我好长时间在这儿都没看见过他。”考查时态，谈

　　话是过去的语境，不可用A、C，题干中有for a long

　　time当然答案是D。

　　答案：D

　　4．—He has to finish the experiment today.He must be

　　in the lab，________？

　　—That’s quite possible.

　　A．mustn’t he

　　B．won’t he

　　C．doesn’t he

　　D．isn’t he

　　解析：此题考查反意疑问句。must，can表推测时变

　　反意疑问句，不能用must或者can，而要把句子还原

　　成正常时态，然后再找助动词。此句还原成正常时

　　态为：He is in the lab，所以D项是正确答案。

　　答案：D 5．—It took me ten years to build up my business，and it

　　almost killed me.

　　—Well，you know what they say？________.

　　A．There is no smoke without fire

　　B．Practice makes perfect

　　C．All roads lead to Rome

　　D．No pains，no gains

　　解析：考查交际用语中的语意逻辑。句意：——我花了十年

　　的时间才成立我的公司，我几乎给累垮了。——句意：你知

　　道人们怎么说？不劳无获。

　　答案：D

　　拓展提升：汉语和英语在交际文化方面有许多共同之处， 但也存在诸多差异。这些差异往往是考查的重中之重。我 们要力求用英语思维，避免母语的干扰，要根据英语的交 际习惯来应答。 【例1】 American Indians ________ about five percent of the

　　U．S.population.

　　(2008·浙江，14)

　　A．fill up

　　B．bring up

　　C．make up

　　D．set up

　　【解题方法指导】 考查词组辨析。句意：美洲印第安人大

　　约占美国总人口的5%。此处make up表示“组成；构成”。

　　fill up表示“填满”；bring up表示“抚养；提出”；set

　　up表示“建立”。

　　答案：C

　　教材原文对照

　　Make up information about yourself.

　　(P24) 【例2】 Over the past decades，sea ice ________ in the

　　Arctic as a result of global warming.

　　(2009·浙江，9)

　　A．had decreased

　　B．decreased

　　C．has been decreasing

　　D．is decreasing

　　【解题方法指导】 句意：在过去几十年里，由于全球

　　变暖，北极的海冰一直在减少。由时间状语Over the

　　past decades可知，主句只能用现在完成时，故选C。

　　答案：C

　　教材原文对照

　　Jobs in farming,coal mining and heavy industry are

　　decreasing rapidly.

　　(P28) 【例3】 The little girl who got lost decided to remain ________

　　she was and wait for her mother.

　　(2009·山东，28)

　　A．where

　　B．what

　　C．how

　　D．who

　　【解题方法指导】 句意：那个迷路的小女孩决定待在原地等

　　她的母亲。where引导地点状语从句。

　　答案：A

　　教材原文对照

　　Working like this allows you to live where you want,…

　　(P28) 【例4】 My parents live in a small village.They always keep

　　candles in the house ________ there is a power out.

　　A．if

　　B．unless

　　C．in case

　　D．so that

　　【解题方法指导】 考查状语从句的引导词。句意：……

　　他们总是在家里储备蜡烛以备停电之需。in case引导状

　　语从句，意为“以防，万一，唯恐”。

　　答案：C

　　教材原文对照

　　Work with more than one program in case you have to use

　　them at work,and try to tead about new technology.

　　(P28) 4.pay off

　　得到好的结果；取得成功；还清；偿清；结清工资解雇

　　(某人)

　　【精讲拓展】

　　pay 生利；有……收益；值得(麻烦)；合算

　　pay back报复，偿还；偿付；报答

　　pay for 付款；为……付出代价

　　pay a visit 访问

　　pay attention to 注意

　　【典型例句】

　　We finally paid off the mortgage on our house.我们终于把房子

　　的抵押贷款还清了。

　　[美国传统]

　　One day I’ll pay him back for all the pain he’s caused me.

　　总有一天我会叫他为给我造成的一切痛苦付出代价。

　　[美国传统]

　　It pays to be on time.准时有好处。

　　[美国传统]

　　完成句子 Can you lend me some money—I can ________ ________

　　________ tomorrow. 你能借给我点儿钱吗？我明天就可以还给你。 I’ll certainly ________ ________ for what you did to me！ 你那样对待我，我一定要回敬你的！ It will ________ in the long run if the setting off

　　firecrackers is effectively banned in the cities. 从长远来看，在城市里真正有效地禁放鞭炮，是值得的。 答案：pay it back　pay back　pay

　　5．as/so long as只要；和……一样长

　　【精讲拓展】

　　as...as...像……一样

　　as...as possible/one can 尽可能地……

　　as soon as 一…… 就

　　as well as 和……一样好；不但……而且

　　as many / much as...与……一样多

　　【典型例句】

　　He lived abroad as long as five years.他住在国外长达五年之久。

　　I’ll go on the camping trip as long as you lend me a tent.

　　只要你借给我一顶帐篷，我就去露营。

　　[美国传统]

　　As long as you’re offering，I accept.既然你主动提出，我就接

　　受。

　　[美国传统]

　　【词语辨析】 only if/as long as (1)only if可视为if的加强说法，即其中的 only 是修饰 if 从 句的，其意为“只有在……条件下”。 I’ll accept the bill only if you send it to my home address. 你必须把账单送到我住的地方，我才愿意偿付。 (2)从语气上看，only if 的语气要比as long as 强，as long

　　as 通常只是用于提出一个条件，与if 的意思比较接近； 而only if 引出的从句内容则通常暗示它是主句内容的唯一 条件，含有“只有……才……”“只有在……的时候”“…… 唯一的条件是……”之意。 You can borrow the book as long as you keep it clean. 只要你不把书弄脏，这书你就可以借。 We can succeed only if everyone in the team pulls his weight. 我们全队只有人人各尽所能才能取得成功。 注意：if only表示“但愿”“要是……就好了”，此时多与虚拟语气连用。 If only I were rich.要是我很有钱就好了。 If only I hadn’t told him about it.要是我没有告诉他这事就好了。

　　You may use the room as you like ________ you clean it

　　up afterwards.

　　(2009·北京，22) A．so far as

　　B．so long as

　　C．in case

　　D．even if 解析：句意：你可以使用这个房间，只要你用后打扫干 净。so long as＝as long as 只要，符合题意。 答案：B

　　My parents don’t mind what job I do ________ I am

　　happy.

　　(2009·陕西，13) A．even though

　　B．as soon as

　　C．as long as

　　D．as though 解析：句意：我父母不在乎我从事什么样的工作，只要我 高兴就好。本题考查状语从句。as long as只要，引导让 步状语从句。 答案：C

　　Peter’s jacket looked just the same as Jack’s，but it cost

　　________ his.

　　(2009·辽宁，33) A．as much twice as

　　B．twice as much as C．much as twice as

　　D．as twice much as 解析：句意：彼得的夹克衫看起来和杰克的一样，但价钱 却是他的两倍。考查倍数表达法：倍数＋as＋原级＋as。 答案：B —Do you have a minute？I’ve got something to tell you. —OK，________ you make it short.

　　(2008·安徽，31) A．now that

　　B．if only

　　C．so long as

　　D．every time 解析：句意：——你有时间么？我有事要和你说。——好 的，只要你长话短说。so long as只要，表示条件，符合题 意。if only要是……就好了。 答案：C

　　6．in case 以防，万一

　　【精讲拓展】

　　In case of...假使，以防(后接词组)

　　In any case无论如何

　　In no case绝不

　　In this/that case如果是这样、那样

　　In the case of...就…… 而言

　　【典型例句】

　　In case she comes back，let me know immediately.

　　假使她回来了，立刻告诉我。

　　In case that it rains，you’d better take an umbrella.

　　以防下雨，你最好带上一把雨伞。

　　I’ll keep some of these unused things in case.

　　我要保留一些不用的东西，以备急需。

　　In any case，we will have to leave soon.

　　无论如何，我们必须马上走。

　　[美国传统]

　　即学即用 ________ anybody calls while I am away，please write down his

　　name and address. A．If

　　B．Should

　　C．Could

　　D．In case Leave your key with a neighbour ________ you lock youself out

　　one day.

　　(2007·北京，33) A．ever since

　　B．even if C．soon after

　　D．in case 答案：D　D 重点句型 1．The_instant she stopped asking questions，I got up and went

　　out of the room.

　　她刚停止提问，我就站起来，离开了房间。

　　【精讲拓展】

　　the instant 在句中充当连词，引导时间状语从句，表示

　　一……就……。类似的用法还有the moment，the

　　minute，the second等，另外as soon as，immediately，

　　hardly...when，no sooner...than也可以表示此意思。

　　I sent you the news the instant (that) I heard it.我一听到此消

　　息，便通知你了。

　　Telephone me the instant (that) you get the results.

　　你一得到结果，就给我打电话。

　　“我刚到公共汽车站，汽车就开了。”一句，就可以有如下几句 译法： As soon as I got to the bus stop，the bus started. Hardly had I got to the bus stop when the bus started. No sooner had I got to the bus stop than the bus started. No sooner had the game started than it began to rain heavily. 运动会刚开始，天就下起了大雨。 Hardly had she gone out when a student came to visit her. 她还没走出家门，就有一个学生来看望她。

　　【归纳拓展】 instant adj. (1)立即的，即刻的 The telegram asked for an instant reply.这封电报要求立即 回复。 (2)紧迫的，迫切的；迫在眉睫的 The flood victims were in instant need of help.水灾难民急 需救助。 (3)(食品)速食的；速溶的 He often eats out at an instant Chinese restaurant.他常在 一家中式快餐馆吃饭。

　　2．I find it a real battle being on my feet all the time like that.

　　我感觉像那样一直站着真像场战斗。

　　【精讲拓展】

　　it为形式宾语，a real battle为名词作宾补，真正的宾语为

　　being on my feet all the time like that。

　　句型：主语＋find/think＋it＋adj./n.＋to do/doing

　　某人认为某事怎么样

　　I think it our duty to study hard.我认为努力学习是我们的责任。

　　I find it very difficult to get along with him.

　　我发现和他相处很难。

　　即学即用 翻译句子 我发现学英语很难。 __________________________________________________ 他们认为我很容易对付。 __________________________________________________ I find it difficult to learn English. They think it easy to deal with me. 3．That is

　　the importance of being a

　　journalist，...That is exactly what Wang Junyan has been doing

　　as the face of Universe

　　TV.

　　那就是我意识到当记者的重要性的时候……这也是王君燕

　　成为环球电视的一员后一直努力的。

　　【精讲拓展】

　　when I realised...a journalist/what Wang Junyan has been

　　doing...为表语从句。

　　引导表语从句的词有连词that，whether，连接代词和连接副词，

　　关系代词what，以及as if，as though，because等连词。The fact

　　is that he doesn’t really try.事实是他没有做真正的努力。 when_I_realised The question is whether the film is worth seeing. 问题是这部电影是否值得看。 What I want to know is which road we should take. 我想知道的是我们应走哪条路。 That’s where I first met her.那就是我第一次遇见她的地方。 He is no longer what he was.他已经不是以前的他了。 It was as though she had known Millie for years. 好像她认识米莉已有好多年了似的。 That’s because you can’t appreciate music. 这是因为你不能欣赏音乐。

　　即学即用 One advantage of playing the guitar is ________ it can give

　　you a great deal of pleasure.

　　(上海，35) A．how

　　B．why

　　C．that

　　D．when 解析：that引导表语从句，在句中只起连接作用，不做任 何成分，一般不能省略。 答案：C Great changes have taken place in that school.It is no longer

　　________ it was 20 years ago，________，it was so poorly

　　equipped.

　　(安徽，32) A．what；when

　　B．that；which

　　C．what；which

　　D．which；that 解析：what 引导表语从句，作表语。when 表示当……时 候，表示不再像20年前设备简陋的时候那样了。 答案：A

　　4．So begins Alivin Toffler’s book Future Shock，...阿尔文·托夫勒

　　所写的《未来的冲击》一书是这样开头的。

　　【精讲拓展】

　　此句是一个完全倒装句，即整个谓语提到主语之前。正常语序

　　为： Alivin Toffler’s book Future Shock begins so.

　　倒装是一种语法手段，用于表示一定的句子结构或强调某一句

　　子成分。倒装句有两种：完全倒装和部分倒装。

　　完全倒装

　　(1)完全倒装即把整个谓语放到主语之前(是整个谓语动词，而非

　　助动词)。

　　In came the teacher and the class began.老师走了进来，然后开

　　始上课。 (2)there引出的完全倒装句：除了最常见的there be句型以外，there还可以接appear，exist，lie，remain，seem to be，stand等，一般都译成“有”的含义，构成完全倒装句。 There appeared to be a man in black in the distance.远处有个穿黑色衣服的人。

　　(3)由地点和时间副词引出的完全倒装句：以地点副词here，there和时间副词now，then开头，后面的动词是be，come，exist，fall，follow，go，lie，remain，seem，stand等，而主语又是名词时，构成完全倒装句。 Under that tree sits a beautiful girl.那棵树下坐着一位美丽的姑娘。 例：________ from the tenth floor when the policeman pointed his pistol at him. A．Jumped down the burglar

　　B．Down the burglar jumped C．The burglar jumped down D．Down jumped the burglar 解析：Down jumped the burglar。因为副词Down位于句首应该用完全倒装，整个谓语动词应位于主语之前。C.The burglar jumps down虽然是自然语序，但时态错误，应该用和时间状语从句一致的过去时，而不是现在时。 答案：D

　　注意： (1)在here，there引出的倒装句中，当主语是普通名词时用完全 倒装句，但当主语是代词时，就不倒装。 Here comes the postman！邮递员终于来了！(注意实义谓语动词 位于主语之前。) Here we are.我们到了。(注意系动词位于主语代词之后。) (2)注意正常语序和倒装语序的语气、意义的区别：

　　Here is the picture I love.这正是我所喜爱的画。 The picture I love is here.我所喜爱的画在这里。

　　即学即用 Hearing the dog barking fiercely，away ________.

　　(2009·上海，38) A．fleeing the thief

　　B．was fleeing the thief C．the thief was fleeing

　　D．fled the thief 解析：句意：听到狗叫声，小偷跑了。本题考查全部倒装。 away 放到句首，句子要全部倒装。 答案：D For a moment nothing happened.Then ________ all shouting

　　together.

　　(2009·福建，25) A．voices had come

　　B．came voices C．voices would come

　　D．did voices come 解析：本题考查倒装句型，副词then，away，out等置于句首， 且主语是名词时，主谓全部倒装。 答案：B 5．There are currently over 100,000,000 computers in the world

　　and by 2020 there will be 10 times more.目前世界上已有一亿

　　多电脑，到2020年电脑数量将超过这个数字的十倍。

　　【精讲拓展】

　　句中more 后省略了than them，英语中表达倍数的方法有下

　　列3种方式：

　　(1)“A＋be＋倍数＋as＋形容词原级＋as＋B”。

　　This tree is three times as tall as that one.这棵树是那棵树的

　　三倍高。

　　His father is twice as old as he.他父亲的年纪有他两倍大。

　　(2)“A＋be＋倍数＋形容词比较级＋than＋B ”

　　The Yangtze River is almost twice longer than the Pearl River.

　　长江差不多比珠江长两倍。

　　The dictionary is exactly five times more expensive than that

　　one.这本字典比那本恰好贵5倍。

　　(3)“A＋be＋倍数＋the＋名词(size，length，width，height 等＋of＋B”

　　The newly broadened square is four times the size of the

　　previous one. 新扩建的广场是未扩建时的四倍大。 This river is twice the width of that one.这条河是那条河的 两倍宽。

　　“The＋名词＋of＋A＋be＋倍数＋what”

　　The output of the car in June was four times what it was in

　　March. 六月份的汽车产量是三月份的4倍。 (4)其它 I’m twice/ double his age.我的年龄是他的两倍。 I’ve paid five times the usual price for the stamp.我出了5倍 于往常的价格买这枚邮票。 The average income of the staff has been increased by 50

　　percent compared with last year. 与去年相比，该单位职工的收入增加了50%。 The price of TVs is doubled(adj.两部分的， 双重的) down

　　over these years. 近几年来，电视机的价格下降了两倍。

　　即学即用 His father is ________ he. A．twice as much as

　　B．twice as old as C．as old as twice

　　D．as twice much as 解析：倍数表达法：倍数＋as＋原级＋as。 答案：B What a table! I’ve never seen such a thing before.It is

　　________ it is long.

　　(湖北，28) A．half not as wide as

　　B．wide not as half as C．not half as wide as

　　D．as wide as not half 答案：C

　　名师原创 1．It is what you do rather than what you say ________ matters.

　　A．that

　　B．what

　　C．which

　　D．this

　　解析：由语境和句子结构可知，该句为强调句型，被强调部分

　　是由rather than连接的并列主语从句担当。

　　答案：A 2．Only when I left my parents for Italy ________ how much I

　　loved them.

　　A．I realized

　　B．I had realized

　　C．had I realized

　　D．did I realize

　　解析：句意：只有当我离开父母去了意大利，我才意识到我有

　　多么爱他们。only引导的状语或状语从句放在句首时，主句须

　　部分倒装，根据句意，主句应用一般过去时，所以只有D项符

　　合题意。

　　答案：D

　　3．—Is there any possible way to help them get rid of such a

　　bad habit?

　　—To tell the truth，it’s very hard.But we ________ on this

　　problem trying to improve the situation.

　　A．worked

　　B．had worked

　　C．are working

　　D．had been working

　　解析：考查动词时态。语境意义：“这个问题还没解决，我

　　们正在努力解决这个问题”，因此用现在进行时。对动词时

　　态的考查历来是高考试卷的重点内容。

　　答案：C 4．The computer looks old，but it ________ just half a year

　　ago.

　　A．has been bought

　　B．will be bought

　　C．is bought

　　D．was bought

　　解析：考查动词时态。本题容易错选A项。语境有具体过

　　去时间“half a year ago”，因此buy表示过去的动作，用

　　一般过去时被动语态。

　　答案：D 5．“I ________ in the room，watching TV broadcast about the

　　earthquake.” I told the policeman who had driven here to

　　question me.

　　A．was staying

　　B．stay

　　C．stayed

　　D．am staying

　　解析：考查动词时态。语境没有提到具体时间，但从语境

　　和试题命制形式上看是直接引语，这里表示回答警察的讯

　　问，那么一定是问在过去某个时候“我”在做什么，因此用

　　过去进行时。

　　答案：A 6．Do you know that the first textbooks written for teaching

　　English as a foreign language ________ in the 16th century?

　　A．came up

　　B．came along

　　C．came out

　　D．came about

　　解析：考查常见动词短语用法。语境表示第一本教授英语

　　作为外语的课本“出版，出现”，用come out表示“被出版，

　　被刊行”。其他短语的含义：A.发生，被提出；B.进展，出

　　现；D.发生。

　　答案：C

　　7.Write down the key words that you ________ your students to

　　find in the passage.

　　A．make

　　B．expect

　　C．suggest

　　D．hope

　　解析：考查常见动词辨析。从搭配看，只有expect能接带to

　　的定式作宾补；从含义看，语境表示期望学生能找到的关键

　　单词。

　　答案：B 8.To

　　good relationships with your teachers and

　　classmates，you should learn to be on good terms with them.

　　A．bring up

　　B．add up

　　C．keep up

　　D．take up

　　解析：考查常见动词短语。语境表示“保持/维持”好的人际关

　　系，因此选C。

　　答案：C

　　9．We’d better set off，or it will be dark ________ we know it.

　　A．before

　　B．after

　　C．when

　　D．until

　　解析：考查状语从句的连词。语境表示“不等我们意识

　　到……就”，用before引导状语从句表示“在……之前”。

　　答案：A 10．—Isn’t it a surprise that I happened to meet Francis

　　Mathews at the Christmas party last week?

　　—If my memory serves me correctly，you ________ each

　　other for exactly two years.

　　A．hadn’t seen

　　B．haven’t seen

　　C．didn’t see

　　D．don’t see

　　解析：考查动词时态。语境表示在上周见面之前有两年没

　　见面，因此用过去完成时。

　　答案：A

　　直接引语和间接引语 一、直接引语和间接引语的定义

　　直接引述别人的原话叫直接引语，用自己的话转述别人 的话叫间接引语。 二、直接引语变为间接引语主要有以下几种情况 1．直接引语是陈述句 2．直接引语是一般疑问句 3．直接引语是选择疑问句 4．直接引语是特殊疑问句 5．直接引语是祈使句 Unit 14

　　Careers Module 5

　　重点单词 1．charge vt.收费，要价；控告；n.负责，费用

　　【精讲拓展】

　　charge sb.some money for sth.

　　charge sb.with sth.

　　in(the) charge of

　　take charge of

　　get charged 带电的

　　【典型例句】 The shop charges ten dollars for a new watch battery. 该商店一块新的手表电池要10美元。

　　[美国传统] Do you charge for the use of the office telephone at off­duty

　　time? 下班时间打办公电话你们收不收费？ The police charged the driver with speeding.警察指控司机 超速。

　　[美国传统] The chief engineer was in charge of directing the building

　　of the subway. 主任工程师负责指挥地铁的建造工程。 This ward is in the charge of Dr Green. Dr Green takes charge of this ward.这间病房是由格林大夫 负责的。

　　即学即用 完成句子 ①He ________ me 100 dollars ________ this coat.这件外 套他要我一百美元。 ②The driver ________ ________ ________ speeding.司机 被控超速驾车。 ③Soon he will ________ ________ ________ ________ the

　　department. 他很快会来负责管理这个部门。 区别并比较(有the表被动，无the表主动) ④Mr Green is ________ ________ ________ this factory. This factory is ________ ________ ________ ________ Mr

　　Green.这个工厂由格林先生负责。 charged for was

　　charged

　　with be

　　in

　　charge

　　of in

　　charge

　　of In

　　the

　　charge

　　of 单项填空 ⑤You can take as many as you like，because they are free of

　　________.

　　A．fare

　　B．charge

　　C．money

　　D．pay

　　解析：free of charge 为固定搭配，意为：“免费”。

　　答案：B ⑥Could I speak to ________ is in charge of International

　　Sales，

　　please？

　　(2009·全国Ⅰ，24)

　　A．Who

　　B．what

　　C．whoever

　　D．whatever

　　答案：C

　　2．aid vt.帮助，援助，支援(比help 较正式)

　　n．(U)援助，救助first aid急救；(C)有帮助的东西

　　hearing

　　aid

　　助听器

　　with the aid of...＝with the help of...；在……的帮助下come to

　　one’s aid来帮助某人

　　搭配：aid sb.

　　aid sb.in/with...

　　aid sb.to do

　　【精讲拓展】

　　assist sb.to do sth.

　　assist sb.in doing sth.

　　help sb.to do sth.

　　【典型例句】

　　Huge projects designed to aid poorer countries can sometimes do

　　more harm than good.

　　旨在援助贫穷国家的庞大计划有时反而会弊大于利。 [剑桥高阶]

　　I aided him in his enterprise.我帮助他做这一事业。

　　They often try their best to aid us when we are in trouble.

　　当我们有困难时，他们总是尽力帮助我们。

　　【词语辨析】 aid/help/assist aid为正式用词，主要指帮助他人脱离危险或战胜困难，侧重 强者对急需帮助的弱者的帮助。 I aided him with money.我资助了他。 I aided her to continue her research.我帮助她继续她的研究。 assist强调在提供帮助时，以受助者为主，所给的帮助起第二 位或从属的作用。 They assisted in building the house.他们帮助盖这栋房子。 Can I assist you with those parcels？我可否帮助你拿那些包？ help 最普通用词，含义广泛。指一般性的或迫切需要的帮 助，侧重积极地为他人提供物质、精神或其他方面的帮助。 She might be able to help us.她有可能帮我们的忙。 We started to try and help them.我们开始设法帮助他们。 If he will help us，so much the better.如果他能帮助我们，那 就更好了。

　　即学即用 完成句子 ⑦She made no effort to ________ Sophia.她根本不去帮 助索菲娅。 ⑧When I am in trouble at school，my teachers often

　　________ ________ ________ my study. 当我在学校有困难的时候，老师们总是在学习上帮助我。 答案：⑦aid　⑧aid me with

　　3．appoint vt.任命，指定，约定；appointment n．约会，约定

　　【精讲拓展】

　　appoint sb.(as/to be)．..

　　appoint sb. to do...

　　keep/break an appointment

　　【典型例句】

　　The Mayor will appoint a new police chief.市长将任命新的警

　　察局长。

　　[美国传统]

　　He was appointed mayor of the city.他被任命为市长。

　　We must appoint a new teacher at once to teach in the

　　mountain school.

　　我们必须立即委派一名新教师到那山村小学去。

　　The time appointed for the meeting was ten o’clock.约定的开

　　会时间是十点。

　　【词语辨析】 appoint/assign/name 这些动词均有“任命，委派”之意。 appoint通常指不经过选择的官方委任。 assign常指给一群人或个人分配、分派、指派或委派任务。 name普通用词，着重任命的结果，而不是过程。

　　即学即用 完成句子 ⑨They ________ him ________ manager.他们任命他为经理。 ⑩The teacher ________ ________ ________ ________ the

　　roll(点名册)in the morning. 老师指派我早晨点名。 ⑪Our visitors arrived at ________ time.我们的来宾在约定的 时间到达了。 答案：⑨appointed；as/to be　⑩appointed me to call　⑪ appointed 单项填空 ⑫I don’t want to ________ you.You must act on your own judgment. A．threaten

　　B．hesitate

　　C．appoint

　　D．influence 解析：句意：我不想指示你，你要按你的判断做。A.威胁；B.犹豫；D.影响；C.指定，指派，符合题意。 答案：C 4．gra