2017届英语高三二轮复习：第一板块第6讲课下作业—动词和短语动词

　　1. (2011·山东师大附中第七次质量检测)How much you earn is not very important.It is how you earn the money that________.

　　A．counts

　　B．values

　　C．minds

　　D．means

　　解析　考查动词词义的辨析。句意“你挣多少钱不重要。你怎么挣的这些钱才要紧。”根据句子的意思只能选A。答案　A

　　2. We’re so busy that no one in the office can________for any other work.

　　A. spare B. be spared

　　C. share

　　D. be shared

　　解析　spare 在表示“腾出或省去(多余的人或物)”。

　　答案　B

　　3. He regards that book ________one of the worst that he’s________read.

　　A. to be, ever

　　B. to be, never

　　C. as, ever

　　D. as, never

　　解析　regard...as...的意思“把……当作……”，其中的介词 as 不能换成 to be。

　　答案　C

　　4. “Did you get a job？” “No, I ________， but it’s no use.”

　　A. expected

　　B. tried to

　　C. managed to

　　D. planned

　　解析　I tried to 为 I tried to get a job 之省略。

　　答案　B

　　5. “Do you know that Jack________a postman for about six years？” “Yes, I see.”

　　A. has become

　　B. has turned

　　C. has changed

　　D. has been

　　解析　因为A、B、C均为终止性动词，均不能连用 for about six years 这样的一段时间。

　　答案　D

　　6. The thing that________is not whether you fail or not, but whether you try or not.

　　A. matters

　　B. cares

　　C. considers

　　D. minds

　　解析　matter 在此的意思是“要紧”、“关系重大”。

　　答案　A

　　7. I don’t want the green coat. It is red and black colours that________me very well.

　　A. suit

　　B. fit

　　C. suits

　　D. fits

　　解析　填空句为强调句，强调主语 red and black colours，故其后的谓语要用复数，即排除C和D。另外，fit 与suit区别是：fit 表示“适合”或“合身”等(及物或不及物)，主要是指尺寸、大小、形状等方面的适合，而 suit 表示“适合”，主要指款式或花色等方面的适合。

　　答案　A

　　8. What’s the matter with the radio? Why isn’t it ________？

　　A. broadcasting

　　B. working

　　C. doing

　　D. sounding

　　解析　work 在此的意思是“运作”、“运转”。

　　答案　B

　　9. To our surprise the stranger________to be an old friend of my mother’s.

　　A. turned out

　　B. turned up

　　C. set out

　　D. set up

　　解析　turn out 意为“结果是，原来是”等；turn up 意为“找到， 发现，出现，开大音量”等；set out 意为“开始，出发，陈述”等；set up 意为“设立，竖立，架起，升起，创(纪录)，提出”等。

　　答案　A

　　10. All the girls swam in the lake except two, who________halfway.

　　A. gave off

　　B. gave up

　　C. gave away

　　D. gave out

　　解析　give up 意为“放弃”；give out 意为“分发，发出(气味、热等)，发表，用尽，精疲力竭”；give away意为“送掉，分发，放弃，泄露，出卖”；give off 意为“发出(蒸汽、光等)，长出(枝、杈等)”。

　　答案　B

　　11. If the new arrangement doesn’t ________， we’ll go back to the old one.

　　A. work over

　　B. work out

　　C. work up

　　D. work in

　　解析　work out 在此表示“有预期结果”；work over 意为“调查，重做”；work up 意为“逐步建立，逐步发展”；work in 意为“配合，引进”。

　　答案　B

　　12. “Have great changes taken place in your village？” “Yes, A new school was________in the village last year.”

　　A. held up B. set up

　　C. sent up

　　D. brought up

　　解析　set up 意为“建立”；hold up 意为“举起，支撑，继续下去，阻挡，拦截”；send up 意为“发出，射出，长出，使上升”；bring up 意为“教育，培养，提出”。

　　答案　B

　　13. I had to________because someone else wanted to use the phone.

　　A. give up

　　B. put up

　　C. hang up

　　D. ring up

　　解析　give up 指“放弃”，put up 指“举起，架起，修建，张贴”等，hang up 指“挂断(电话)”，ring up 指“给某人打电话”。

　　答案　C

　　14. Elephants would ________if men were allowed to shoot as many as they wished.

　　A. die down

　　B. die out

　　C. die away

　　D. die off

　　解析　die away 指“(声音、风、光线等)渐息，渐弱”；die down 指“(慢慢)熄灭，平静下来”；die off 指“一个一个地死去”；die out 指“(家族、种族、习俗、观念等)灭绝，绝迹”。

　　答案　B

　　15. My study of biology has______________much of my spare time, but it has given me a great deal of enjoyment.

　　A. taken off

　　B. taken down

　　C. taken up

　　D. taken away

　　解析　take up 意为“开始(学习或从事等)，继续，占去，接纳，提出”；take off意为“脱下，起飞，打折，请假”；take away 意为“取走”；take down 意为“写下，拆下”。

　　答案　C

　　读写同步加强专栏

　　　读书之法，在循序而渐进，熟读而精思

　　.完形填空

　　阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

　　Ramesh’s childhood was fun. He played happily every day, but he wasn’t much trouble to his parents as he helped with the housework __1__ he was only ten.However, there was only one drawback. Ramesh __2__ studying.

　　He just played inside and outside with his favorite friend Siraj.

　　He __3__ welcomed Siraj to his home and the two played together every day. Ramesh’s mother liked Siraj and __4__ him as her own son. But Siraj’s mother didn’t like Ramesh because her son loved to study. She __5__ he would act like Ramesh and lose interest in __6__，too.

　　But Ramesh’s mother had no bias(偏见)towards Siraj. She would even help him __7__ with book purchases and study tools. Therefore, Siraj __8__ playing with Ramesh.

　　One exam day, as Ramesh was __9__ to answer the paper, Siraj was writing __10__ on the paper. He had __11__ for the tests unlike Ramesh.When Ramesh couldn’t think of any __12__ to write down,

　　he asked Siraj for some help.

　　Siraj did not think twice in giving his paper, but to his __13__，the teacher caught them and threatened to take them to the headmaster.Immediately Siraj said that he was __14__ from a high fever the previous night and Ramesh was nursing him, and had no __15__ to study.

　　Ramesh was surprised at Siraj’s __16__ and went red in the cheeks. He was __17__ to know that his best friend loved him so much and he so little.He __18__ to the teacher,

　　acknowledging his mistake.

　　And from that day on，he __19__ to take an interest in studies and be a better student.

　　The story told us that one can skip food and water, but the future will be __20__ if one skips studying regularly.

　　Ramesh和Siraj是一对好朋友。Ramesh厌学，而Siraj好学。一天考试的时候，Ramesh请求Siraj帮忙作弊，但却被老师发现了。Siraj编了一个善意的谎言为Ramesh开脱。Ramesh对Siraj心存感激，发誓以后要成为一名优秀的学生。

　　1．A.so

　　B．unless

　　C．if

　　D．though

　　解析　尽管他只有10岁，但他却能帮忙做家务活。前后构成让步关系，故选D。

　　答案　D

　　2．A.liked

　　B．hated

　　C．quitted

　　D．tried

　　解析　根据后一句He just played inside and outside with his favorite friend Siraj可知，他贪玩而不好学，但并没有辍学，故选B。

　　答案　B

　　3．A.hardlyB．occasionally

　　C．always D．never

　　解析　根据上文He just played inside and outside with his favorite friend Siraj和下文the two played together every day综合推断，Ramesh总是欢迎Siraj到家玩，故选C。

　　答案　C

　　4．A.treatedB．knew

　　C．respectedD．imagined

　　解析　根据此空前的liked Siraj和下文But Ramesh’s mother had no bias towards Siraj可知，她对待Siraj如同自己的亲生儿子一样，故选A。

　　答案　A

　　5．A.believedB．wished

　　C．wonderedD．feared

　　解析　由上文可知Ramesh讨厌学习，因此Siraj的母亲担心自己的儿子会像Ramesh一样。fear意为“害怕，担心”，符合语境，故选D。

　　答案　D

　　6．A.workB．study

　　C．lifeD．friendship

　　解析　由上文可知Ramesh讨厌学习，所以Siraj的母亲担心自己的儿子受Ramesh的影响而对学习失去兴趣，故选B。

　　答案　B

　　7．A.mentallyB．professionally

　　C．legallyD．financially

　　解析　Ramesh的妈妈给Siraj买书和学习用具，由此可知这里是说经济上的帮助，故选D。

　　答案　D

　　8．A.keptB．stopped

　　C．startedD．practised

　　解析　由于Ramesh的母亲对自己好，所以Siraj继续和Ramesh玩。keep doing sth.意为“继续做某事”，符合语境，故选A。

　　答案　A

　　9．A.forgettingB．helping

　　C．strugglingD．managing

　　解析　由下文作弊事件可知，Ramesh答题是艰难的。struggle to do sth.“艰难地做某事”，符合语境，故选C。

　　答案　C

　　10．A.anxiouslyB．smoothly

　　C．carelesslyD．badly

　　解析　根据上文所讲的Ramesh与Siraj对学习的不同态度可知，Siraj答题非常顺利。smoothly意为“平稳地，顺利地”，符合语境，故选B。

　　答案　B

　　11．A.preparedB．paid

　　C．longedD．waited

　　解析　根据unlike Ramesh可判断，Siraj考试之前做了准备，故选A。

　　答案　A

　　12．A.problemB．plan

　　C．answerD．paper

　　解析　由下文语境可知，Ramesh请求Siraj帮忙，由此可知Ramesh想不出问题的答案，故选C。

　　答案　C

　　13．A.shame B．relief

　　C．delightD．surprise

　　解析　作弊被老师发现，对学生来说自然很惭愧，故选A。

　　答案　A

　　14．A.escapingB．changing

　　C．recoveringD．suffering

　　解析　此时Siraj是在为Ramesh开脱，说自己头一天晚上发高烧。suffer from意为“遭受”，符合语境，故选D。

　　答案　D

　　15．A.rightB．time

　　C．placeD．motivation

　　解析　Siraj说他头一天晚上发高烧，而Ramesh忙于照顾他，所以没有时间去学习。故根据此语境可判断选B。

　　答案　B

　　16．A.marksB．comments

　　C．suggestionsD．words

　　解析　此空应指上文Siraj对老师说的一番话，故选D。

　　答案　D

　　17．A.satisfiedB．pleased

　　C．embarrassedD．worried

　　解析　根据went red in the cheeks可判断，Ramesh感到难堪，故选C。

　　答案　C

　　18．A.apologisedB．listened

　　C．shoutedD．smiled

　　解析　根据acknowledging his mistake可推断Ramesh是向老师道歉，故选A。

　　答案　A

　　19．A.agreedB．promised

　　C．leftD．continued

　　解析　从那天起，Ramesh发誓要对学习感兴趣，力争成为一名更好的学生，故选B。

　　答案　B

　　20．A.distantB．safe

　　C．emptyD．bright

　　解析　最后一句话的意思是：如果不学习，那就不会有未来。故选C。

　　答案　C

　　.书面表达

　　最近，一些学校纷纷设立“道德银行”，将每个学生所做的好人好事等以虚拟货币的形式记录在“道德银行”账户上。“道德币”的多少意味着该学生所做的志愿服务、好人好事的多少。“道德银行”的出现引起了人们的广泛争议。以下是两种不同的观点：

　　正方 反方

　　1.记录志愿者奉献社会、服务他人的善举 1.做好事带有较强的功利性

　　2.鼓励学生积极参与社会公益活动，促进社会和谐 2.用虚拟货币来激励助人为乐的行为从根本上提高不了学生的道德水准

　　请你结合以上素材写一篇100词左右的英语短文。

　　参考词汇：“道德银行”账户“moral bank”account；功利性utilitarianism

　　________________________________________________________________________

　　________________________________________________________________________

　　________________________________________________________________________

　　【参考范文】

　　Recently “moral banks” have been opened in some schools.Each student is offered a “moral bank”account，which keeps a record of the good deeds he or she has done in the form of virtual money. People have different opinions about this phenomenon.

　　The supporters argue it can keep track of how many good deeds students have done and encourage them to be active in sharing public­service activities and voluntary work, which will contribute to social harmony.

　　However，the critics say it is advocating utilitarianism because students know they can get a reward when doing a good deed. Essentially, it won’t improve students’ moral standards.

　　In my opinion，it is unwise to encourage students to help others by opening “moral bank” accounts.

　　1. If you want to sell your product you must________it.

　　A. advertiseB. advertise for

　　C. advertise on

　　D. advertise to

　　解析　advertise 可用作及物和不及物动词：用作及物动词时，其意为“为……做广告”、“登广告宣传”；用作不及物动词时，其意为“做广告”、“登广告”，此时通常后接介词 for，表示“做广告征求”。

　　答案　A

　　2. No matter how much you’ve learned and how high a standard of education you have had, you must________the people heart and soul.

　　A. serve

　　B. serve for

　　C. serve to

　　D. serve on

　　解析　serve 意为“为……服务”，可直接用作及物动词，其后不能按汉语意思误加介词 for。

　　答案　A

　　3. I________you yesterday, but you weren’t in.

　　A. rang

　　B. rang to

　　C. rang with

　　D. rang to

　　解析　ring 可以用作及物动词，表示“给……打电话”，故其后不用介词。

　　答案　A

　　4. Mr. Smith was in great need of money, so he________$2 000 for his car.

　　A. paid

　　B. took

　　C. cost

　　D. spent

　　解析　若单独说 He paid $2 000 for the car (他付了2 000美元买这车)是完全可以的，但问题是，本句前面有这样一句He was in great need of money (他急需要钱)，既然是“急需要钱”，又怎么还会花2000美元去买车呢？尤其还需注意的是 car 前的物主代词 his，这说明是为自己的车花2000美元，不合情理。此题的正确答案是B，take 在此表示“获得”、“得到”，句意为“他急需要钱，把自己的车以2000美元给卖掉了”。

　　答案　B

　　5. There are many kinds________， but I don’t know which to buy.

　　A. to be chosen

　　B. to choose from

　　C. to choose

　　D. for choosing

　　解析　 choose 表示“选择”，其实是指“选择出来”(pick out)，而不是指“从……选择”，要表示后者的意思，要用 choose from，有时也用 choose among。

　　答案　B

　　6. The boy said that the fish his mother cooked tasted________.

　　A. good

　　B. well

　　C. to be good

　　D. to be well

　　解析　按英语语法，连系动词后通常接形容词作表语，而不接副词，据此可以排除选项B和D。但到底是应选A还是C呢？许多同学凭感觉认为 taste to be good 似乎很通顺，于是选了C。但是，错了，正确答案应是A。原因是用作连系动词的 taste 后习惯上不接to be。

　　答案　A

　　7. How I wish that I could________my ideas in simple and wonderful English when chatting on the net.

　　A. set out

　　B. set off

　　C. set over

　　D. set up

　　解析　set out 意为“陈述，陈列，出发，开始”；set off 意为“出发，动身”；set over 意为“移交，置于……上，指派……管理”；set up意为“设立，竖立，架起，升起，创(纪录)，提出”。

　　答案　A

　　8. The plan________just because people were unwilling to co­operate(合作)．

　　A. broke down

　　B. pulled down

　　C. turned down

　　D. put down

　　解析　break down意为“中止，毁掉，压倒，停顿，倒塌”；pull down 意为“摧毁，推翻，使降低，使身体变差”；turn down 意为“拒绝，关小音量，减弱，降低”；put down 意为“放下，拒绝，镇压，削减，记下”。

　　答案　A

　　9. The government has________the parents to work with teachers in the education of their children.

　　A. asked for

　　B. called for

　　C. looked for

　　D. paid for

　　解析　call for 意为“要求，提倡”；ask for 意为“请求，索要”；look for 意为“寻找”；pay for 意为“为……付钱”。

　　答案　B

　　10. John has put on so much weight recently that his mother has to ________all his trousers to his measure.

　　A. let out

　　B. give away

　　C. bring in

　　D. make up

　　解析　let out 意为“放掉，泄露，放大，出租”；give away 意为“送掉，分发，放弃，泄露， 出卖，让步”；bring in 意为“生产， 挣得，介绍引进”；make up 意为“弥补，虚构，缝制，整理，和解，编辑，化妆”。

　　答案　A