Thank you ! 知识要点 3. on the other hand另一方面,反过来说 归纳拓展 at hand在手边,在附近;即将到来,即将发生 at first hand第一手地,直接地 at second hand第二手的;间接的;旧的;用过的 hand in hand手牵手,携手;共同地 in hand在手边;进行中的;在掌握中 on(the)one hand...;on the other (hand)...一方面……另一方面…… 知识要点 例句:Father and mother wanted to go for a ride. The children, on the other hand, wanted to stay home and play with their friends. 父母想骑车出去兜风,另一方面,孩子们却想在家与朋友一起玩。 On the one hand they’d love to have kids, but on the other, they don’t want to give up their freedom. 一方面,他们想要孩子,但另一方面,他们又不想放弃自由自在的生活。 She stayed there to experience village life at first hand.她留在那儿亲身体验乡村生活。 知识要点 【链接训练】 I don’t want to buy the dictionary. ________, it’s too expensive;I don’t have enough money with me at present. A.Because;and B.At first;then C.On one hand;on the other hand D.On one hand;on other hand 【解析】句意为:我不想买这本词典,一方面,它太贵了,另一方面,我此刻没有带足够的钱。on (the) one hand...,on the other (hand)“一方面……,另一方面……”,符合题意。 【答案】C 知识要点 要点三
句型 1. Their work has influenced other writers ever since. 从那时起他们的作品就一直影响着其他作家。 ever since自从……一直;从那时起,一直到现在 知识要点 归纳拓展 ever since自此,自从。表示以过去某一时间为起点持续到现在的某一动作或状态,常与完成时连用。 与完成时连用的常见短语或词语有: by now到现在为止 so far/up to now到目前为止 in the last/past+时间段在过去的……内 by the end of到……为止 recently/already近来/已经 知识要点 例句:We’ve been friends ever since we met at school. 我们自从在学校见面至今,一直是朋友。 I haven’t seen my MP3 ever since. 从那以后我再也没见过我的MP3。 We haven’t had any trouble so far. 迄今为止我们没碰上什么麻烦。 知识要点 【链接训练】 ①—________ when has the country been open to international trade? —1978, I suppose. A.Since B.In C.From D.After 【解析】since意为“自从”,常与现在完成时连用,表示动作从过去某个时候开始,一直延续到现在。根据特殊疑问句中的时态可判断要用since,since when表示“从什么时候”。in意为“(表示时间)在……之内,在……之后”;from用于表示时间,意为“从……,自……”;after表示时间,意为“在……以后”。 【答案】A 知识要点 ②—Have you known Dr.Jackson for a long time? —Yes,since she ________ the Chinese Society. A.has joined B.joins C.had joined D.joined 【解析】根据句子语境,本对话的问题部分为一个现在完成时的主句。since引导的状语从句回答的是从过去什么时候开始认识Dr.Jackson的,用一般过去时,故此处选D项。 【答案】D 知识要点 2. Italy is in the south of Europe on the coast of the Mediterranean Sea. 意大利在欧洲的南端,位于地中海沿岸。 归纳拓展 表示“某物在哪个方向”可用south/west/north/east等,构成如下几种表达方式: (1)...is in the south of在……的南部(在内部) ...is on the south of在……南边(接壤) ...is to the south of在……以南(在外部,不接壤) (2)...is south of在……南部(不指明在内部还是在外部) (3)借助there构成there be结构。 注意:把表示方位、地点的介词或副词短语放到句首,句子用倒装语序。 知识要点 例句:In the south/west/north/east of the city is the house. =South/West/North/East of the city is the house. 那幢房子是在城市的南方(西方、北方、东方)。 例句:Guangdong is in the south of China. 广东在中国的南部。 Jiangsu is on the south of Shandong. 江苏在山东南面。 Mexico is (on the) south of the USA. 墨西哥位于美国的南面。 There is a river in the north of our village. 我们村庄北面有一条小河。 East of our school lies a railway. 我们学校东面有一条铁路。 知识要点 【链接训练】
________ of the Pacific Ocean ________ Canada. A.The east;lies B.East;lies C.To the east;does lie D.On the east;does lie 【解析】考查倒装。表示方位的east置于句首时,句子用倒装语序。句意为:太平洋在加拿大的东边。 【答案】B 知识要点 要点四
语法 1.现在时与过去时的被动语态 (1)一般现在时的被动语态 构成形式:am/is/are+p.p.(过去分词) 例句:Rice is grown in the south of the state. 该州南部种水稻。 (2)一般过去时的被动语态 构成形式:was/were+p.p.(过去分词) 例句:The building of a new car factory was agreed on last month. 上月他们在建一个新的汽车工厂这件事上达成一致协议。 知识要点 (3)被动语态的用法 ①不知道或没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者时。 例句:The bridge was built last year. 这座桥是去年建造的。 He was elected chairman. 他被选为主席。 ②当更加强调动作的承受者时。此时动作的执行者由by引导,置于谓语动词之后,不需要时可以省略。 例句:The tiger was killed by him. 老虎被他杀死了。
知识要点 ③当动作的执行者不是人时,多用被动语态。 例句:The window was blown open by wind. 窗户被风吹开了。 ④表示客观的说明,常用“It is+过去分词”句型。 例句:It is said that Lucy has gone abroad. 据说露茜已经出国了。 知识要点 【链接训练】 ①The number of deaths from traffic accidents will be reduced greatly if people ________ to obey the rules. A.persuade B.will persuade C.be persuaded D.are persuaded 【解析】考查一般现在时的被动语态。根据句子意思及结构分析,应该是说服人们而不是人们说服他人,因此用被动语态;又本题属于真实条件句,不是虚拟语气,故排除C项,答案为D。 【答案】D 知识要点 ②It is said that the pen ________, so I bought one yesterday. A.writes well B.writes good C.is well written D.is good written 【解析】考查动词的主动语态表示被动含义。根据词性可以判断,write不是系动词,不能与形容词连用,故排除B、D项;选项C是对主语的评价,说明主语做得怎么样,而选项A说明主语“钢笔”的内在性质,根据句意可知选A。 【答案】A 知识要点 ③Officials say that few patients ________ with the virus owing to the effective prevention. A.infected B.are infected C.have infected D.be infected 【解析】few patients与infect之间存在被动关系,所以要用被动语态,故选B。 【答案】B 知识要点 ④The flowers were so lovely that they _________ in no time. A.sold B.had been sold C.were sold D.would sell 【解析】根据所提供的情景“The flowers were so lovely”,可判断出要用一般过去时,表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态。再根据the flowers与sell之间的关系确定用被动语态,表示“很快就卖完了”,故选C。 【答案】C 知识要点 ⑤Months ago we sailed ten thousand miles across this open sea,which _________ the Pacific,and we met no storms. A.was called B.is called C.had been called D.has been called 【解析】虽然去航海发生在过去,但是,海的名称不会随时间变化,所以要用一般现在时,故选B。 【答案】B 知识要点 2.主谓一致 主谓一致是指主语和谓语必须保持人称和数的变化的一致,即句中谓语的变化形式要根据句子主语的人称和数的形式决定。 (1)有些集体名词,如crowd,family,team,orchestra (管弦乐队),group,government, committee,class,school,union,firm,staff,public等,它们作主语时,谓语动词的数要根据语言内容而定。如果它们作为一个集体单位时,动词用单数形式,如就其中的各个成员来说,则谓语用复数形式。 例句:His family is going to move.他们家要搬家。 His family are very well. 他们家每个人都身体健康。 知识要点 (2)有些表示总称意义的名词,形式上是单数,而意义上却是复数,谓语动词要用复数形式,如people,police,militia,cattle,poultry (家禽)等。 例句:It was common that cattle were allowed to graze on the village.在乡村放牛很常见。 (3)单数主语、单个动词不定式、动名词短语以及句子作主语,谓语动词要用单数形式。复数主语,用and或both...and连接的动词不定式短语、动名词短语以及主语从句作主语,谓语动词则用复数形式。 知识要点 例句:Serving the people is my great happiness. 为人民服务是我最大的幸福。 Both you and I are students.你和我都是学生。 注意:(1)在what引导的主语从句中,如果表语是复数时,谓语动词用复数形式。 例句:What mother bought are some books. 母亲买的是一些书。 知识要点 (2)修饰语对主语的数没有影响。 例句:The performance of the first three clowns was very funny.前三个小丑的表演很滑稽。 (3)and所连接的两个词如指同一主体时,谓语则用单数形式,否则,谓语用复数。 例句:A singer and dancer was present at the party today.一位歌舞演员出席了今天的派对。 A singer and a dancer were present at the party today.一位歌唱家和一位舞者出席了今天的派对。 知识要点 (4)有些代词只能指单数可数名词,当它们在句子中作主语时,尽管在意义上是复数,谓语动词仍要用单数形式。这类代词有either,neither,each one,the other,another,somebody,someone,something,anyone,anything,anybody,everyone,everything,everybody,no one,nothing,nobody等。 例句:Neither likes the friends of the other. 两人都不喜欢对方的朋友。 Everything around us is matter. 我们周围的所有东西都是物质。 知识要点 (5)none接不可数名词作主语时,谓语动词为单数;接可数名词复数时,谓语单复数均可。 例句:None of us seem/seems worried. 我们没有一个人显得忧虑。 (6)两个主语用or,either...or...,neither...nor...,not only...but also...,not...but...连接起来,谓语与靠近的主语的数一致。 例句:You or I am wrong.你或者我是错的。 (7)在There be...句型中,如果有两个以上的并列主语,谓语往往与第一个主语一致。 例句:There is a book and two pens on the desk. 桌子上有一本书和两支钢笔。 There are two pens and a book on the desk. 桌子上有两支钢笔和一本书。 知识要点 (8)一个主语后面跟有with...,together with...,as well as...,like...,but...,except...引导的短语时,谓语不受这些短语的影响,仍与前面的主语一致。 例句:John,together with his wife,was at the party. 约翰和他的妻子出现在晚会上。 Nothing but two tables was seen in the room. 房间里除了两张桌子什么都看不到。 知识要点 (9)由quantities of...或amounts of...+名词构成的主语,谓语动词用复数。 例句:Large quantities of food were wasted. 大量的食物被浪费掉了。 (10)在each...and each,every...and every,no...and no,many a...and many a等由and连接并列单数主语的结构中,谓语动词用单数。 例句:Each boy and each girl has got a seat. 每个男孩和女孩都有一个座位。 No sound and no voice is heard for a long while.很长时间没有听到一点儿声音。 Many a boy and many a girl likes it. 许多男孩和许多女孩都喜欢这个。 知识要点 【链接训练】 ①The blues ________ finally gotten me today.I really have the blues today. A.have B.has C.are D.is 【解析】句意为:忧郁的情结今天最终还是降临到我心头。我今天情绪确实有些不好。blues形式虽为复数,但意义上是单数。D项时态不正确,选B。 【答案】B 知识要点 ②Every means _________ tried to carry out the experiment but without any result. A.have been B.is to be C.are to be D.has been 【解析】means (方法),works (作品)等名词形式上是复数,但实际为单复数同形的名词。means前有every修饰时,谓语动词要用单数形式,又every means与try之间是被动关系,且根据句意要用现在完成时,故选择D项现在完成时的被动语态。 【答案】D 知识要点 ③The father as well as his children ________ skating on the frozen river every Sunday afternoon in winter. A.is going B.go C.goes D.are going 【解析】这个句子的主语是The father,所以其谓语动词要用单数形式;再根据时间状语every Sunday afternoon in winter可判断出要用一般现在时,表示经常性的动作。as well as his children在句中作状语,不作主语。 【答案】C 知识要点 ④A poet and artist ________ coming to speak to us about Chinese literature and painting tomorrow afternoon. A.is B.are C.was D.were 【解析】考查主谓一致。由时间状语 tomorrow afternoon可知C、D项时态不对;现在进行时可以表示将来按计划或安排发生的动作;a poet and artist 表示同一个人,所以其谓语动词要用单数形式,而 a poet and an artist才表示两个人,故选A项。 【答案】A 知识要点 ⑤Mr Alcott told me that four fifths of the houses ________. A.have been sold out B.had been sold out C.were sold out D.was sold out 【解析】句意为:奥尔科特先生告诉我五分之四的房子已经售出。根据句意用完成时态的被动语态,又因为主句中的谓语动词为过去时,所以宾语从句应用过去完成时。 【答案】B 必修3 Module 1
Our Body and Healthy Habits 课程解读 话题 Europe(欧洲) 功能 Describing location(描述地理位置) 语法 1.Passive voice:present and past forms(现在时和过去时的被动语态) 2.Subject and verb agreement(主谓一致) 课程解读 重点词汇及拓展 1.across prep.横过;穿过 2.face vt.面向;面对 3.mountain n.山脉 4.project n.计划;项目;工程 5.civilisation n.文明 6.ancient adj.古代的 7.opposite prep.在……对面 8.geographical adj.地理的 9.feature n.特点 10.situate v.使位于→situated adj.坐落(某处的)→situation n.位置;处境 11.locate v.位于……的→location n.位置 12.govern vt.统治,治理→government n.政府 13.continental adj.大陆的;大洲的→content n.大陆 14.agreement n.协议,契约→agree v.同意→disagreement(反义词)n.不同意 课程解读 重点短语 1.off the coast离海岸线不远的海上 2.be famous for因……而著名 be known as作为……而闻名 3.ever since 自此,自从……一直 4.in terms of依据……;依照……,在……方面 5.have control over对……加以控制 6.little by little逐渐地;一点儿点地 7.be faced with 面临 8.on the other hand另一方面 重点 句型 1.France is Europe’s third largest country...法国是欧洲的第三大国…… 2.Italy is in the south of Europe...意大利在欧洲南部…… 3....twice as big as the population of the United States.……是美国人口的两倍。 知识要点 要点一
单词 1.face n.[C]脸;相貌;表面;[C]面容;表情;[C](物质的)表面;(建筑物的)正面vt. 面临(困难等),面对 归纳拓展 (1)face to face面对面(作状语) face-to-face面对面(作定语) in (the) face of面临……;在……面前 lose one’s face失去面子 (2)face danger/difficulties面对危险/困难 be faced with面临,面对 知识要点 例句:I was faced with a new problem. =A new problem faced me. 我面临着新的问题。 France is Europe’s third largest country and faces the United Kingdom across the English channel. 法国是欧洲第三大国,与英国隔海相望。 知识要点 【链接训练】 ①Let’s fix a time ________ a _________ interview. A.to; face-to-face B.for; face-to-face C.to; face to face D.for; face to face 【解析】句意为:让我们确定一个面对面采访的时间。face-to-face作定语,而face to face(不用连字符)可作状语。“确定……的时间”用fix a time for...。 【答案】B 知识要点 ②________ with such great difficulty,Jack felt at a loss . A.Facing;what to say B.Faced;what to say C.Having faced;how to tell D.Being faced;how to speak 【解析】be faced with 为固定短语,主句主语Jack与face之间是被动关系,故该空应填过去分词形式,作原因状语;不定式与what连用,在句中起名词作用,充当feel的宾语。 【答案】B 知识要点 2. range n.[C]山脉,排;行;一系列;(变化等的)幅度;(知识等的)范围;区域;射程 v.排列;将……排成行;(在一定范围内)变动;变化 归纳拓展 (1)in/within range (of)在射程以内;在……范围内 beyond/out of range在射程以外,在……范围外 a wide range of interests兴趣广泛 mountain range 山脉 (2)range from...to...在……范围内变化 range...in rows把……排成列 知识要点 例句:The student has a wide range of interests. 那个学生的兴趣广泛。 The price of the house is well beyond our range. 这所房子的价格远远超出了我们能承受的范围。 The prices of the cars range from $50,000 to $120,000.汽车的价格在5万美元和12万美元之间。 知识要点 【链接训练】 —What’s the cost of your shirts here,sir? —It depends on which fashion you want to buy,and the prices ________ from 100 dollars to 500 dollars. A.increase B.range C.rank D.differ 【解析】答句句意为:这取决于你要什么款式的,价格从100至500美元各不相同/不等。range from...to...“在……范围内变动”。 【答案】B 知识要点 3. situated adj. 坐落于(某处)的;位于(某处)的 归纳拓展 (1)be situated on/in/at...位于……的,坐落在……的;处于……地位(境遇、状态)的 be located at/in/on...位于……的,处于……位置 注意:situated作形容词用时,多用于描述人或事物,意思是“处于……境况”。 be badly/well situated境况困难/良好 知识要点 (2)situate vt.使位于,使处于,坐落于 situation n.形势,境遇,情况;(建筑物等的)位置;立场,局势 例句:All the apartments are beautifully situated overlooking the beach. 所有的公寓都环境优美,俯瞰海滨。 Ski Apache is located in southern New Mexico. 阿帕契滑雪场位于新墨西哥州南部。 Having six children and no income,I was badly situated. 我有六个孩子却没有收入,生活十分困难。 知识要点 【链接训练】 London is a most beautiful city in Britain, __________the River Thames. A.located in B.lied on C.situated on D.stood in 【解析】lie,stand意为“位于”时,用主动形式;locate,situate意为“位于”,用于被动结构,be situated on...表示“位于……河畔/岸边”。 【答案】C 知识要点 4. opposite prep.在……的对面(后面跟与位置相关的名词)adj.相反的,对面的adv.在对面;在对过n.对立面;对立的人或物;反义词 归纳拓展 (1)be opposite to在……对面;与……相反 just the opposite恰恰相反 (2)opposition n.反对;抵抗;反击 in opposition to反对 (3)oppose vt.反对;使对立;抵抗 be opposed to反对,对抗 知识要点 例句:The building is opposite to the bank. 那栋建筑物在银行的对面。 Martha’s not shy at all—just the opposite in fact. 玛莎一点儿都不腼腆,事实上正好相反。 They are on strike in opposition to the lay off. 他们罢工以反对临时解雇。 We are bitterly opposed to the racial discrimination. 我们强烈反对种族歧视。 知识要点 【链接训练】 There is a KFC _________ the bookstore. Cross the street and you’ll find it easily. A.on the contrary of B.opposite to C.opposite from D.in front of 【解析】句意为:书店对面有家肯德基餐厅。穿过这条街你就能很容易地找到。be opposite to意为“在……的对面”,符合题意。 【答案】B 知识要点 5. sign n. 记号,符号;迹象;征兆;痕迹;姿势 v. 签(名);做手势;做记号;签署(文件、协议书等) 归纳拓展 (1)sign language手势语 make/give a sign to对……做手势 a sign of...……的标志/迹象 (2)sign in签到 sign out签字离开 sign sb. to do sth.打手势让某人做某事 (3)signature n.签名 put one’s signature on/to the contract在合同上签名 知识要点 例句:A red sky at sunset is a sign of good weather. 日落时的晚霞是好天气的征兆。 The policeman signed the driver to stop. 那警察做手势让那司机停下来。 He signed his name on the painting which he had just finished. 他在刚刚画好的画上签上了名字。 知识要点 【链接训练】 The president________ the telecommunications reform bill into law yesterday. A.wrote B.signed C.put D.placed 【解析】句意为:总统昨天签署电信改革法案使之成为法律。sign“签署(文件、协议等)”,符合题意。 【答案】B 知识要点 6. agreement n. 同意,一致;协定,协议 归纳拓展 (1)in agreement with符合……;同意;和……一致 make an agreement with与……达成协议 make/reach/come to/arrive at an agreement 达成协议;取得一致意见 (2)agree vi.&vt.同意,赞成……的意见;与……一致;承认,适合 disagree vi.不一致,不适宜 disagreement n.意见不同;争执,不和,争论 知识要点 例句:If our talks go on like this, we will never reach an agreement. 倘若我们的谈判照这样进行下去的话,是永远不会达成什么协议的。 It was the Five Minds who kept to the agreement that led to the end of the World War Ⅱ. 由于“五巨头”坚持履行了协议,才使二战走向结束。 His opinion is in agreement with mine. 他的意见和我的一致。 知识要点 【链接训练】 —He appears honest,why do so few people believe in him? —Because what he does is not always in _______ with what he says. A.agreement B.conflict C.touch D.relation 【解析】依据答句句意“因为他言行不一致”可知,in agreement with“与……一致”符合题意。in conflict with“有争执,有分歧”;in touch with“与……有联系”;in relation with“与……有关系”。 【答案】A 知识要点 要点二
短语 1. because of 因为;由于 归纳拓展 (1)because of在句中一般用作状语,可置于句首或句末。 (2)owing to意为“由于,因为”,在句中通常用作状语,可置于句首或句末。 (3)due to意为“由于”,它引导的短语在句中一般用作表语或定语,但在很多场合,可与owing to通用,作状语。 (4)on account of意为“因……缘故,由于”,它引导的短语在句中通常作状语,可置于句首或句末。 知识要点 (5)as a result of意为“由于……的结果”,一般用作状语。 (6)thanks to是介词短语,含有“幸亏、多亏、由于、因为”等意思。它引导的短语在句中用作状语时,大多放在句首,但也可以置于句末。 知识要点 例句:The plane arrived late because of the snowstorm. 飞机因暴风雪晚点了。 All flights into London Heathrow have been delayed due to/owing to/because of the thick fog. 所有飞往伦敦希斯罗机场的航班均因大雾而延误。 Thanks to the public’s generosity,we’ve been able to build two new schools in the area. 多亏公众慷慨解囊,我们才得以在该地区建造了两所新学校。 The accident was largely due to human error. 这起事故主要出自人为的过错。 知识要点 【链接训练】 He was late not only _______ his illness but also ________ he missed the train. A.because;for B.because of;because C.for;because of D.because of;because of 【解析】because of 后跟名词或代词,在句中作状语;because 后跟从句,故应选B。 【答案】B 知识要点 2. in terms of 用……字眼;从……的观点(角度);从……方面来说 归纳拓展 in the long/short term就长/短期而言 keep/be on good/bad terms with sb.与某人交情好/不好 be on equal terms关系平等 知识要点 例句:In terms of customer’s satisfaction,the policy can not be criticized. 说到顾客的满意情况,这个政策无可挑剔。 The company’s prospects look good in the long term. 公司的远景看好。 My sister and I are on good terms with each other. 我和我姐姐之间的关系很好。 知识要点 【链接训练】
①Do you approve of the idea that success can be measured ________ money alone? A.in case of B.in terms of C.in the opinion of D.in favor of 【解析】in terms of含有“依据,从……方面来说”等意思,表示根据某种情况来说,符合题意。in case of意为“以防万一”;in favor of意为“支持,赞同”。 【答案】B 知识要点 ②I feel sure that ________ qualification,ability and experience,you are abundantly suited to the position we have in mind. A.on account of B.in spite of C.by means of D.in terms of 【解析】考查介词短语辨析。句意为:我觉得就资历、能力、经验而言,你最适合我们设置的这个职位。on account of=because of“因为,由于”;in spite of“尽管”;by means of“以……方式”;in terms of“就……而言”,根据句意,选D。 【答案】D
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雅思听力真题预测8
雅思作文的题目预测
雅思考试口语预测6
雅思口语预测17
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雅思口语预测Part1圣诞版
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