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2017高考英语备考复习课件::动词与动词短语2

发布时间:2017-02-21  编辑:查字典英语网小编

  run “变成” run short;run dry The well has run dry.

  turn 成为与以前完全不同的东西。

  多接表示颜色或天气的形容词或不带冠词的名词。 The trees turn red in autumn. He has turned writer.

  fall “进入(某种状态);成为” fall asleep; fall ill; fall lame; fall silent The old men, unable to express himself, fell silent.

  get

  “变成,变得……起

  来”。较口语化。强调“逐渐”。 后接形容词、分词、介词短语。 The days are getting longer and longer.

  become

  “成为”,普通用

  语,多表示过

  去完成的事。 become+a(n)+名词 She has become a lawyer.

  He became angry with me.

  grow “渐渐变得……起来;长得”,强调其变化过程。 常可接表示天气的形容词。

  It’s growing warm.

  appear “显得,好像”, 常用于正式文 体中。指给他 人的表面印象, 有时含有实质 上并非如此之意。

  appear to be/adj./n./prep. appear to do; It appears that...; appear as if/ though

  He appeared to be talking to himself. It appears that they are right. The river appeared as if enveloped in smog.

  seem “似乎,好像”。 指说话人内心的估计与判断,有一定依据,接近于实际情况。 seem to be/adj./n./prep. seem to do; It seems that...; seems as if /though

  The young man seemed to have changed much. It seems that she is happy.

  look “好像,看起来”,一般用于非正式场合。侧重由视觉得到的印象。 look+adj./n./prep. look like; look as if/though

  She looks like her mother. It looks as if we are going to have snow.

  【考点三】考查主动形式表被动意义的用法 (1)need, want, require(要求,需要), deserve(应得,值得), be worth(值得),后面接doing主动形式表被动意义。 The book is worth reading.

  (2)不定式作定语,放在被修饰词后面,与前面被修饰的名词或代词有动宾关系,又在句子中与另一名词或代词有主谓关系,不定式要用主动表被动含义。

  I have much work to do.(与work有动宾关系,与I有主谓关系) 比较:I have a letter to be typed. (3)不定式作表语和宾语补足语的形容词时(主语+系动词+形容词+不定式),如果形容词是表示难易、利弊等含义时(difficult, easy, comfortable, convenient, hard, cheap, expensive, etc.),不定式用主动表被动。 The question is difficult to answer. The work is easy to do.(=It’s easy to do the work.) (4)有些动词(短语)只有主动形式,常视为主动表被动。 ①take place, happen, break out等。 A big fire happened/took place/broke out last night.

  ②一些动词,如:sell(销售), wash(洗), clean(打扫), burn(燃烧), cook(煮), write(写)等与副词,如:well(好), easily(容易地), perfectly(十分地)等连用,描绘事物的特性,用主动表被动,结构是:主语+动词+副词。 The book sells well. 动词和动词短语 一些常用行为动词的用法比较 1.lay和lie 原形 过去式 过去分词 现在分词 意思 用法 lie lay lain lying 躺,位于 不及物 动词 lie lied lied lying 说谎 不及物 动词 lay laid laid laying 放置,产卵 及物动词 He lied to me that he had finished his homework. 他向我撒谎说完成作业了。 He laid the baby on the bed. 他把婴儿放在床上。 2.arise,rise和raise 原形 过去式 过去分词 现在分词 意思 用法 arise arose arisen arising 出现,发生,兴起 不及物 动词 rise rose risen rising 上升,起身 不及物 动词 raise raised raised raising 举起,提高 唤起,饲养 及物动词 The river has risen by several metres. 河水上涨了好几米。 It’s difficult raising a family on a small income. 依靠微薄的收入是很难养家的。 3.hang的用法 原形 过去式 过去分词 现在分词 意思 用法 hang

  hung hung hanging 吊,挂 及物动词/不及物动词 hanged hanged hanging 绞死 及物动词 He hung his clothes on the wall. 他把衣服挂在墙上。 The murderer was hanged and the dead was avenged. 杀人犯被绞死了,为死者报了仇。 4.可用于“动词+sb.+of sth.”的常用动词 accuse(控告),cheat(欺骗),cure(治愈),inform(通知),remind(提醒),rid(摆脱), rob(抢劫),warn(警告) This photo reminds me of my school days. 这张照片使我想起了学校生活。 The people of the town were warned of the danger of flooding. 5.可用于“动词+sb.+for doing sth.” 的常用动词 blame(指责),criticise(批评),forgive(原谅),excuse(原谅),pardon(原谅),punish(惩罚),scold(指责),thank(感谢) Forgive me for saying so,but I think that’s nonsense. 原谅我这样说,但是我认为没意义。 I don’t blame you for doing that.我不责备你做了那事。 【考点四】考查易混短语的用法 动词短语的测试点主要涉及结构上选用恰当的搭配词,不同搭配含意上的辨析及不同短语的辨析。 1. Agree短语 sb. agree with sb.某人同意某人的话/意见

  sth. agree with sb. 某物/某事适应某人 agree to the plan/decision/arrangement 同意计划/决定/安排 agree on sth. 就……达成共识 agree to do sth. 同意干某事 2. Break短语 break away (from)(与……)脱离;改掉(习惯) break down(身体)垮掉;(计划、谈判)失败;(汽车)抛锚;分解(强调化学变化) break in/into 闯入 break off折断;断绝 break out (fire, disease, war, etc.)突发,爆发(火灾,疾病,战争等) break up 打碎;分裂;分解(强调化学变化)

  3. Bring短语 bring about 引起,造成;实现 bring back 拿回/使回忆起来 bring down 使倒下;降低

  bring in挣得;介绍引进 bring on 引起, 导致

  bring out 揭示,揭露 bring ...to light

  揭露; 使了解到 bring up

  抚养;呕吐 4. Call短语 call at + sp.拜访某地 call on/upon +sb. 访问,拜访某人 call for 要求;需要 call in 召集;请来 call off取消

  call up打电话;令人想起 5. Carry短语 carry on 进行;进行下去 carry out贯彻,执行 carry through 顺利完成,顺利实现 6. Come短语 come about 发生;造成

  come across偶遇 come along 加油/快点/进展/进行 come on 快点 come into effect(force)生效

  come to oneself 苏醒过来 come into being

  形成;产生

  come into power开始执政 come out 出来;出版;结果 come around/round

  恢复知觉;绕道而来 come up 靠近;被提到;发生 come up with 提出(主意,计划等) 7. Cut短语 cut down 砍倒;削减

  cut in (on)插嘴;插入 cut off 切断; 断绝

  cut up 切碎 cut through 抄近路走过; 刺穿 8. Get短语 get up 起床

  get away 离开 get down to

  开始认真考虑

  get down 击落;记下 get in到达;收获

  get off 下车;脱下 get out 出去,离开;泄露

  get over克服 get through 接通电话;用完;做完;通过 get along/on(with) 融洽相处;进展

  9. Give短语 give away泄露;出卖

  give in让步,投降;交上 give off 发出(蒸汽、液体、雾等) give up 放弃(念头、希望等) give out 分发;发出(气味、热等);用尽,精疲力竭 10. Go短语 go against 反对; 违反; 不利于 go down下降 go by (从……旁)走过;顺便走访 go off 离开;爆炸 go with伴随;与……相配

  go in for 参加;爱好 go over (对……进行)仔细检查;润色;复习 go through仔细检查;经历,经受;被通过 11. Keep短语 keep an eye on 注意;监视 keep away from 不让接近 keep back阻止;隐瞒 keep down

  镇压;保留 keep in mind 记住

  keep on 继续 keep up with跟上;不落后 keep to 遵循;坚持 keep in touch with与……保持联系 keep ...to oneself

  对……守口如瓶 12. Look短语 look ahead 向前看;着眼未来 look after

  照顾,照看 look back

  回头看;回顾

  look around 四处看 look down upon 看不起;轻视 look out 小心;当心 look on 旁观;观望

  look into 调查 look through 浏览;翻阅;仔细查看 look up

  查寻;向上看 13. Put短语 put away 放好;储存

  put down写下;镇压 put forward 提出;推举 put off 推迟 put on 穿上

  put out 扑灭 put up

  举起;投宿;张贴 put up with忍受;容忍 14. Set短语 set about

  开始,着手(后接名词、代词和动名词) set out

  出发;开始;陈列 set to

  起劲地干起来;毅然开始做 set aside

  留出;不顾;撤销; 驳回 set off (for)

  出发,动身;使爆炸;引起;衬托 set up

  设立;竖立,架起;立业 15. Take短语 take away 取走

  take back收回

  take in吸收;理解;欺骗

  take along 随身带着

  take on 呈现;开始雇佣;从事 take over 接收,接管 take up占据;开始从事;继续 take off脱衣;起飞;广泛使用,大受欢迎 take after (在外貌或行为方面)酷似 16. Turn短语 turn away 把……打发走;不让……进入 turn into 进入;(使)变成(主要指物质形态、性质等的转变) turn off 关掉

  turn down调低;拒绝 turn on 开启

  turn over 翻过来 turn out 关掉;证实;结果是;生产 turn to转向;求助于 turn up 调高;找到,发现;出现

  act act as  充当,担任

  act for 

  代表,代理 act out

  表演(指用行动、动作表达) add add in

  算入,包括

  add to

  增加,加到 add up

  加起来,总计

  add up to

  总计,共达 die die off

  相继死去 die out

  死光,灭绝 die away

  (风、声音等)渐渐消失 die down

  (风,雨等)逐渐平息 die of

  死于(疾病,情感,年老等) die from

  死于(尤指死于意外事故或疾病、情感以外的原因) hold hold back

  隐瞒;控制(情感) hold out

  维持;抵抗;硬撑 hold up

  使……耽搁 hold on

  坚持;别挂(电话) hold together

  团结一致 hold on to

  保留,抓住不放 make make good/full use of... 充分利用…… make up

  编造;组成,构成;补齐,凑足 make up for

  补偿,弥补 make out

  辨认出 make sense

  有道理(意义),讲得通 make fun of

  取笑 make up one’s mind

  下定决心 1. The workers ______

  the glasses and marked on each box “This Side Up”.(2010·全国Ⅰ) A. carried

  B. delivered

  C. pressed

  D. packed 解析:选D。考查动词词义辨析。句意为:工人们把玻璃制品包装好,并给每个箱子做上“此面向上”的标记。carry搬运;deliver递送;press按,压;pack给……打包。 2. My mother opened the drawer to ______

  the knives and spoons.(2010·全国Ⅱ) A. put away

  B. put up

  C. put on

  D. put together 解析:选A。考查动词短语辨析。句意为:我妈妈打开抽屉把刀子和勺子放好。put away把……放好,收拾起来;put up举起;搭建;张贴;挂起;put on穿;戴上;put together把……放在一起。 3. No matter how low you consider yourself, there is always someone

  ______ you wishing they were that high.(2010·安徽) A. getting rid of

  B. getting along with C. looking up to

  D. looking down upon 解析:选C。考查动词短语辨析。句意为:不管你认为自己多么不好,总会有人崇拜你,并希望能像你那样。get rid of摆脱;去除;get along with与……相处;look up to尊敬;敬仰;look down upon看不起;轻视。 Exercises 4. —How did you like Nick’s performance last night? —To be honest, his singing didn’t _______ to me much.(2010·安徽)

  A. appeal

  B. belong

  C. refer

  D. occur 解析:选A。考查固定短语的用法。答语句意为:说实话,他的演唱并不怎么吸引我。appeal to吸引;belong to属于;refer to提到;涉及;occur to被想到。 5. We’ve just moved into a bigger house and there’s a lot to do. Let’s

  _______ it.(2010·福建) A. keep up with

  B. do away with C. get down to

  D. look forward to 解析:选C。考查动词短语辨析。句意为:我们刚刚搬进一所大点的房子里,有许多事情要做,让我们开始做吧。get down to开始做,着手做。keep up with 赶上;do away with废除;去掉;look forward to期盼。 6. —In this day and age, women can have children and jobs as well.

  —I can’t agree more. It’s great to have the two ______.(2010·福建)

  A. linked

  B. related

  C. connected

  D. combined 解析:选D。考查动词词义辨析。答语句意为:我非常赞同。让这两者结合真是太好了。have sth. done.使某事被做。link联系,连接;relate使互相关联;connect连接;combine结合,合并。

  7. In April, thousands of holidaymakers remained ______ abroad due to the volcanic ash cloud.(2010·福建) A. sticking

  B. stuck

  C. to be stuck

  D. to have stuck 解析:选B。考查非谓语动词的用法。remain作系动词意为“保持,继续”,后面要接名词、形容词或分词作表语,表示主语所处的状态。据此判断应该选择B项stuck。stuck表示“被卡住”,引申为“被滞留”。 8. Duty is an act or a course of action that people _______ you totake by social customs, law or religion.(2010·湖北) A. persuade

  B. request

  C. instruct

  D. expect 解析:选D。考查动词词义辨析。句意为:所谓职责,就是大家根据社会习俗、法律或者宗教信仰期望你所采取的一种行动或行为方式。expect预料;期望;指望,符合句意。persuade说服,使某人相信;request礼貌地要求,请求;instruct命令;教授;指导。 9. Just as the clothes a person wears, the food he eats and the friends with whom he spends his time, his house _______ his personality.(2010·湖北) A. resembles

  B. strengthens

  C. reflects

  D. shapes 解析:选C。考查动词词义辨析。句意为:对于一个人来说,就像他的穿衣、吃饭以及与之度过时光的朋友一样,他的房子代表了他的个性。reflect反射;显示;反映,符合题意。resemble类似,像;strengthen加强;巩固;shape塑造,使成形;形成;使符合。 10. Had she ______ her promise, she would have made it to Yale University.(2010·湖北) 解析:选B。考查动词短语辨析。句意为:如果她遵守她的诺言,她就会成功进入耶鲁大学。look up to尊敬,仰望;live up to遵守;不辜负;keep with up赶上;come up with提出。 11. Parents ______ much importance to education. They will do their best to give their children that priceless gift.(2010·江西)

  A. attach

  B. pay C. link

  D. apply 解析:选A。考查动词短语辨析。句意为:父母都十分重视教育。他们会竭尽所能给他们的孩子们那种极其珍贵的礼物。attach importance to认为……有重要性;pay付钱;link...to...把……和……连接在一起;apply...to...把……应用于……。 12. Smell the flowers before you go to sleep, and you may just _____ sweet dreams.(2010·江西) A. keep up with

  B. put up with C. end up with

  D. catch up with 解析:选C。考查动词短语辨析。句意为:睡觉之前闻闻这些花,你就会进入甜美的梦乡。keep up with跟上; put up with忍受; end up with以……为结束;catch up with赶上。 13. Thousands of people ______ to watch yesterday’s match against Ireland.(2010·辽宁) A. turned on

  B. turned in C. turned around

  D. turned out 解析:选D。考查动词短语辨析。句意为:结果显示有成千上万的人观看了昨天同爱尔兰队的比赛。turn out结果为;证明是;turn on打开;turn in上交,递交;turn around转身。 14. The new movie _______ to be one of the biggest money-makers of all time.(2010·辽宁) A. promises

  B. agrees

  C. pretends D. declines

  解析:选A。考查动词词义辨析。句意为:这部新电影有望成为电影票房史上票房最高的影片之一。promise许诺,答应;有……的希望;agree同意,赞同;pretend假装;decline衰老,衰退。 15. Sam _______ some knowledge of the computer just by watching others working on it.(2010·山东) A. brought up

  B. looked up C. picked up D. set up 解析:选C。考查动词短语辨析。句意为:山姆只通过观察别人操作电脑就学到了一些电脑知识。pick up学会;捡起;顺车接送,搭载;收拾,整理;重新开始;获得;bring up抚养,教育;提出;呕吐;look up向上看;(形势)好转,改善;查阅;set up建立,设置;造成,产生。 16. Your house is always so neat—how do you ______ it with three children?(2010·山东) A. manage

  B. serve

  C. adapt

  D. construct 解析:选A。考查动词在具体语境中的使用。句意为:你家总是这么整洁——你是如何带着三个孩子做到这一点的?表示“设法做成某事”用manage it。serve服务;接待;adapt使适应,使适合;construct建造,构筑;构思。 17. You look well. The air and the sea foods in Sanya must ______ you, I suppose.(2010·陕西) A. agree with

  B. agree to

  C. agree on

  D. agree about

  解析:选A。考查动词短语辨析。句意为:你看上去气色很好。我想三亚的空气和海鲜一定适合你。agree with同意,赞成;与……相适应;agree to同意,赞成(观点,看法等);agree on就……达成协议;agree about对……有相同的看法。 18. Some people eat with their eyes. They prefer to order what

  ______ nice.(2010·四川) A. looks

  B. smells

  C. feels

  D. tastes 解析:选A。考查动词词义辨析。句意为:一些人用眼睛来吃饭,他们喜欢点看起来好的菜。looks与上句中的eat with their eyes相呼应。 19. Jenny was looking for a seat when,luckily,a man______

  and left.(2010·四川) A. took up

  B. got up

  C. shut up

  D. set up 解析:选B。考查动词短语辨析。句意为:Jenny正在找座位,这时,很幸运地,有一个人站起来离开了。get up起床,起立。take up从事,占据时间或空间;shut up闭嘴;set up建造,搭起。 20. He telephoned the travel agency to

  three air tickets to _______ London.(2010·天津) A. order

  B. arrange

  C. take

  D. book 解析:选D。考查动词词义辨析。句意为:他打电话给旅行社预定三张去伦敦的机票。book和tickets搭配,是“订票”的意思。

  动词与动词短语   高考英语语法复习系列课件 1.动词短语为主,动词为辅

  在近几年所考查的动词与动词短语的题中,考查动词短语的占多数。

  2.考查动词的词义辨析

  包括常见动词用法辨析,近义词辨析,词形相近词辨析,用法相近词辨析。 3.考查动词短语辨析

  主要包括同根动词短语的辨析、同根介词或副词的动词短语的辨析、 不同动词构成的动词短语的辨析以及“动词+副词+介词”短语的辨析。在动词短语的测试中,绝大多数为基础动词的考查,出现频率较高的词有:get,turn,make,put,go,give,break,cut,come,look,keep,bring,show,pick,hold,fall,carry,pull,catch,call,take等。 技巧点拨:

  动词与动词短语的考查实际上是词汇知识与语言环境的考查,因此我们要注意以下两个问题:

  1.熟记《考试大纲》词汇的意义与用法

  分析近几年的高考试题,我们发现,尽管动词与动词短语的考查非常丰富,但是万变不离其宗,都没有脱离《考试大纲》,因此对《考试大纲》中动词与其短语的熟练掌握是我们解决问题的关键。在动词与短语单项填空题中我们出错的原因大部分是对其意义掌握不全面。

  2.分析语言环境,做到对症下药

  在搞明白了各选项的意义后,我们要充分分析题干,然后依据题干所含的语境确定选项。 专题导读

  动词及其短语的灵活运用是英语的特色之一,也是学生学习中的难点,因此每年均为测试的重点。在历年高考试题中动词所占的比例最大,设题时往往都是给出四个不同的动词或短语来测试考生在具体语境中对动词短语意义的理解和运用。其考点主要涉及以下几个方面:

  1. 考查动词的词义辨析。包括常见动词用法辨析,近义词辨析,词形相近词辨析等。

  2. 考查动词的搭配形式。如:动词与名词的搭配,动词与介词、副词的搭配等。

  3. 考查动词短语辨析。主要包括同根介词或副词的动词短语的辨析、 不同动词构成的动词短语的辨析以及“动词+副词+介词”短语的辨析。在动词词组的测试中,绝大多数为基础动词的考查,出现频率较高的词有:get, turn, make, put, go, give, break, cut, come, look, keep, bring, show, pick, hold, fall, carry, pull, catch, call, take等。

  4. 考查系动词。动词作系动词用时,后面常接形容词、名词、分词和不定式等,此时动词没有进行时和被动语态。这类动词有:appear, become, feel, look, sound, seem, taste, prove, remain, stay, smell, grow, turn, go, come, fall, stand, lie, exist等。

  2017年除了要重视动词的基本考点外,还要重视以下几个方面的难点:

  1. 易混的基础动词及其词组。

  2. 与汉语习惯有出入的动词用法。

  3. 部分基础动词及其词组的较高级用法。

  专题导读

  【解析】 B 句意:我可以忍受房子不整洁,但是如果不干净的话我会厌恶。考查动词短语辨析。put up with忍受。come up with想出;turn to转向,求助于,翻到;stick to坚持。 1. [2011·课标全国卷 Ⅱ] I can ________ the house being untidy, but I hate it if it’s not clean.

  A.come up with

  B.put up with

  C.turn to

  D.stick to 真题典例 √ 2. [2011·课标全国卷] William found it increasingly difficult to read, for his eyesight was beginning to ________.

  A.disappear

  B.fall

  C.fail

  D.damage  

  【解析】

  C 句意:威廉发现阅读越来越难,因为他的视力开始衰退。考查动词的词义区别。fail在这里表达“(指健康)衰退,变弱”,符合题意。disappear消失;fall落下;damage损坏,毁掉。 √ 3.[2011·陕西卷] Some insects ________the colour of their surroundings to protect themselves. A.take in

  B.take off

  C.take on

  D.take out 【解析】

  C 句意:有些昆虫呈现出和周围环境一样的颜色,目的是保护自己。考查动词短语辨析。四个选项的意思分别如下:A欺骗,吸收;B脱掉,起飞,成功;C呈现;D拿出。因此选择C项。 4.[2011·全国卷] Mary, I ________John of his promise to help you. A.told

  B.reminded

  C.warned

  D.advised

  【解析】

  B 句意:玛丽,我已经提醒过约翰他答应过帮你的事情。考查动词搭配。tell sb. sth.告诉某人某事; remind sb. of sth.提醒某人某事,使某人想起某事; warn sb. of sth.警告某人关于某事;advise sb. to to sth.建议某人做某事。故选B。 √ √ 5.[2011·湖北卷] Knowledge and learning are important if we want to be successful, but they may also ________our thinking. A.direct B.limit

  C.change

  D.improve 【解析】

  B 句意:我们要想成功,知识和学习是很重要的,但它们也可能限制我们的思考。考查动词词义辨析。direct指导;limit限制;change改变;improve改进。由but可知,前后意义上是转折关系,故选B项。 6.[2011·湖北卷] The minister said, “We are ready for discussions with any legal parties, but we’ll never ________ with criminals.” A.negotiate

  B.quarrel

  C.argue

  D.consult  

  【解析】

  A 句意:部长说:“我们准备和任何合法政党开展商讨,但决不会与罪犯谈判。” 考查动词词义辨析。negotiate谈判;quarrel争吵;argue辩论;consult咨询。根据句意应选A项。 √ √

  【解析】 D 句意:临床证据开始增多,表明这种新药物较以往在动物身上做实验所预测的有更广泛的有益的用途。考查动词词义辨析。operate操作;strengthen加强;approve赞成;accumulate积累,积聚。根据句意可知应选D项。 7.[2010·湖北卷] Clinical evidence began to _____, suggesting that the new drugs had a wider range of useful activities than had been predicted from experiments in animals. A.operate B.strengthen

  C.approve

  D.accumulate 8.[2010·湖北卷] The government has taken measures to ____ the high prices of daily goods to keep the market stable.

  A.take down

  B.bring down

  C.hand down

  D.tear down

  【解析】

  B 句意:政府已经采取措施来降低日用品的价格,以保持市场稳定。考查动词短语辨析。take down写下,记下;bring down降低,减少;hand down把……传下去,宣布;tear down拆除。根据句意可知应选B项。 √ √ 9.[2010·山东卷] They are broadening the bridge to ________ the flow of traffic. A.put off

  B.speed up

  C.turn on

  D.work out

  【解析】

  B 句意:他们正拓宽桥面来加快车流量。考查动词短语辨析。put off推迟;speed up加速;turn on打开,接通;work out算出,弄懂,产生结果。由题干中的关键信息broaden和the flow of traffic可知此处填speed up。 10.[2010·江西卷] You can’t predict everything. Often things don’t______ as you expect. A.run out

  B.break out C.work out

  D.put out

  【解析】

  C 句意:你不能预言一切事情。有些事情的结果常常和你期待的不一样。考查动词短语的辨析。run out 耗尽;break out突然爆发;work out 解决,产生结果;put out 扑灭。

  √ √ 11.[2011·天津卷] I________ a bank account after I made﹩1,000 by doing a part­ time job during the summer vacation. A.borrowed

  B.opened

  C.entered

  D.ordered 【解析】 B 考查动词词义。open a bank account意为“开了一个银行账户”。句意为:暑假期间,我做兼职挣了1 000美元之后,就开了一个银行账户。borrow借;enter进入;order定购,命令。

  12.[2011·辽宁卷] What are you doing out of bed, Tom? You're________ to be asleep.

  A. supposed

  B. known

  C. thought

  D. considered 【解析】 A 考查动词短语辨析。根据句意“汤姆,你不在床上在干什么?你________在睡觉。”四个选项分别意为“应该”、“被认识,被作为”、“被考虑”与“被考虑为”,由句意可知答案为A。

  √ √ 13.[2011·福建卷]

  I'd prefer to________

  my judgement until I find all the evidence. A. show

  B. express

  C. pass

  D. reserve 【解析】 D 本题考查动词辨析。根据语境“我在找到所有的证据之前宁愿保留自己的判断。”可知选D。

  14.[2011·安徽卷]

  As the story________, the truth about the strange figure is slowly discovered. A. begins

  B.happens

  C. ends

  D. develops 【解析】 D 考查动词辨析。句意为:随着故事的发展,关于那个奇怪的人物的真相慢慢地被发现了。空白处应填develop,表示“发展”。

  √ √ 15.[2011·辽宁卷] You are old enough to________ your own living. A.win

  B. gain

  C. take

  D. earn 【解析】 D 本题考查动词辨析。earn one's living的意思是“自谋生计”,符合句意“你已经足够成熟了,应该自谋生计了”。

  16.[2011·四川卷] I often ________ the words I don't know in the dictionary or on the Internet. A.look up

  B.look at

  C.look for

  D.look into   【解析】 A 本题考查动词短语。look up意为“(在词典、参考书等中)查找,查阅”,故选A。B意为“看”;C意为“寻找”;D意为“调查”。

  √ √ 17.[2011·天津卷] She ________ an old friend of hers yesterday while she was shopping at the department store.

  A.turned down

  B.dealt with

  C.took after

  D.came across 【解析】 D 考查动词短语辨析。come across偶然遇到。句意为:昨天她在商场购物时偶然遇到了一位老朋友。turn down拒绝;deal with处理;take after 长得像;都不符合语境。 18.[2011·江苏卷] — You look upset. What's the matter?

  — I had my proposal________

  again.

  A. turned over

  B. turned on

  C. turned off

  D. turned down 【解析】 D 考查动词短语辨析。A项意为“移交”;B项意为“打开”;C项意为“关闭”;D项意为“拒绝”。根据句意“你看上去很悲伤。出什么事了?”“我的提议又被拒绝了。”可知选D项。

  √ √ 19.[2011·浙江卷] The school isn't the one I really wanted to go to,but I suppose I'll just have to

  ________it.

  A.make the best of

  B.get away from

  C.keep an eye on

  D.catch up with

  【解析】 A 考查动词短语辨析。句意为:这所学校不是我原本想要读的,但我想我不得不好好利用。make the best of表示“好好利用”;get away from表示“逃离……”;keep an eye on表示“监视,关注……”;catch up with表示“赶上,跟上……”。

  √ 1.The news has ________ that an earthquake will arrive before daybreak. A.got out

  B.got round

  C.got up

  D.got away

  【解析】

  1. B “消息传开了:地震在天亮之前到来。”get round在这里的意思“(消息)传开”。 Exercises 2.Because of the poor harvest, wheat prices have ________ in the last six months. A.added

  B.jumped

  C.raised

  D.gathered

  【解析】

  B jump在这里是“上升”的意思,相当于rise。A、C均有一定干扰性。add意思是“增添”,指把某物(数)加到某物(数)上。raise也有“提高”的意思,但raise是及物动词,因此应该用被动语态have been raised。 √ √ 3.

  When my grandpa was young, he had to ________ several miles a day to school since he had no money to take a bus. A.cover

  B.take

  C.get

  D.make  

  【解析】

  A 语意:我爷爷年轻的时候,他不得不每天走几英里到学校,因为他没有钱乘公共汽车。cover意为“行走(一段路程)”,符合语意。 4. Old memories are often ________ when you hear a particular song or a piece of music. A.called in

  B.called on

  C.called out

  D.called up  【解析】 D “当你听一首特别的歌或一段音乐时,旧的回忆经常被勾起来。”call up意思是“征召(服役);召唤;传(讯);使人想起;提出(议案等);打电话给”;call on 意思是“号召,呼吁,请求,约请”;call in 有“召集,召来,招请;收回,来访”等意。call out 有“出动,唤起,引起,大声叫出来”等意。 √ √ 5.

  — That’s a lovely dress.

  — Do you think so? My aunt gave it to me for my birthday, but I don’t ________ the color.

  A.interest in

  B.care for

  C.please with

  D.fond of

  【解析】

  B care for 在这里是“喜欢”的意思。也可以用be interested in,be pleased with, be fond of, 因此其他答案不正确。

  6. The folk song concert was so well ________ that all the tickets had been sold out on the first day. A.accepted

  B.recognized

  C.received

  D.promised

  【解析】

  C receive在这里是“对……作出反应”。A有一定干扰性,accept表示主观接受某物,因此不合题意。 √ √ 7.

  The square is so large that hundreds of cars can park there and still leaves room to ________.

  A.spare

  B.spend

  C.store

  D.save 【解析】 A 句意:广场非常大,成百上千辆车停在那里,还有地方空出来。spare在这里是“空出,抽出(时间)”等;spend 意思是“花费”,store “储存”,save“节省”,因此A项正确。 8.

  John ________ almost all of his records to his friends, but he still had a very few left. A.put away

  B.set aside

  C.turned in

  D.gave away

  【解析】

  D 句意:约翰几乎把他所有的唱片都馈赠给了他的朋友们,但他还剩一些。put away 把……收拾起来放好;set aside 搁置一边;turn in 上交,交还;give away 赠送。结合题意,此处选用gave away。 √ √ 9.

  He looked through as many daily newspapers as he could to________ what they said about his latest book. A.hear of

  B.see to

  C.look up

  D.find out

  【解析】

  D find out查清,弄明白;hear of听说;see to 处理,应付;look up查寻(单词等),参考,因此D项正确。 10.

  The woman’s skirt was too long. She had to ________.

  A.let it out

  B.take it in

  C.let it in

  D.take it out

  【解析】 B take in 有“改小,欺骗”的意思。如 This coat needs to be taken in a bit。let out 有“释放,泄露”等意思;let in 意思“让(某人)进来”;take out 有“取走,取出”的意思,因此其他答案不合题意。 √ √ 11.

  It is required that all traffic participants should

  ________

  the traffic rules to make traffic safer and faster.

  A.perform

  B.observe

  C.support

  D.possess 【解析】 B 考查动词词义辨析。此处observe the traffic rules是固定表达,意为“遵守交通法规”,据此选B项。

  12.

  We ________ to make mistakes when we do things in a hurry. A.

  manage

  B.tend

  C.intend

  D.attempt 【解析】 B 考查动词词义辨析。句意:当我们匆忙做事的时候,我们常常会犯错误。 manage意为“管理;成功做”;tend意为“常常;倾向于”;intend意为“打算”;attempt意为“企图”。根据句意选B项。 √ √ 13.

  For most Americans, their 18th birthday

  ________

  the end of one part of their life and beginning of another.

  A.predicts

  B.tells

  C.marks

  D.signs 【解析】 C 考查动词词义辨析。句意:对于大多数美国人来说,他们的18岁生日标志着一部分生活的结束和另一部分生活的开始。此处mark意为“标志”。

  14. The new policy will ________ the elders a lot that people over 65 can take buses free of charge.

  A.discount

  B.support

  C.approve

  D.benefit 【解析】 D 考查动词词义辨析。句意:新政策规定65岁以上的老人乘公交车免费,这将使老人们很受益。benefit意为“使受益,对……有用”,符合语境。 √ √ 15.

  After ________ the luggage at the railway station, we left for the exhibition hall in a taxi. A.claiming

  B.demanding

  C.deserving

  D.obtaining 【解析】 A 考查动词词义辨析。句意:在火车站认领过行李后,我们乘出租车去了展览大厅。此处claim表示“认领”。后三项分别表示“要求”、“值得”、“获得”,都不符合语境。 16.

  Would you mind repeating that? I didn't quite ________. A.

  catch on

  B.make up

  C.find out

  D.take over 【解析】 A 考查动词短语辨析。句意:你介意再重复一遍吗?我不太明白。catch on意为“理解;明白”;make up意为“组成;编造”;find out意为“找出;查明”;take over意为“接管”。根据句意选A项。 √ √ 17.

  Many children are ________ in the countryside when their parents flood into the cities for jobs.

  A.left behind

  B.left off

  C.left aside

  D.left out 【解析】 A 考查

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