广东省连州市连州中学高三英语《阅读理解事实细节》课件

　　这类试题旨在考查考生对事实细节的理解。这类试题一般只针对文章中某一特定的细节，也可能涉及若干个细节，或者针对文章的主要事实，或利用图形图表或地图来表示信息等。 提问方式 这类题主要是针对who, what, which, why, how, when, where等来提问的。如： (1)Which of the following statements is true / NOT true / false, according to the passage? (2)Which of the following statements is (not) correct? (3)In the passage, which of the following is mentioned / not mentioned? (4)All the following statements are not true EXCEPT ______. (5)All the statements are true EXCEPT_____.

　　(6)Choose the right order of the events given in the passage? 1. 一般可以在文章中直接或间接找到答案，但是不可能与阅读材料一模一样，而是用不同的词语或句型表达相同的意思。但正确选项应当与主旨相关联。 2. 干扰选项的特点：部分正确，部分错误；是原文信息，但是不是题目要求的内容；符合常识，但不是文章内容；与原句的内容极为相似，只是在程度或范围上有些变动。 细节理解题大致可分为语意转换题、先后排序题、数字计算题、图文转换题和信息快速寻找题，因广东卷已有信息匹配题专考快速寻找信息，因此，在阅读理解中广东卷不会出现此类题，重点是考语意转换题。下面分类讲解具体的解题技巧并进行相应的练习。 语意转换题——断章取义法

　　高考试题中的细节理解题主要是通过语句的同义或反义转换来考查考生对英语语言的理解能力。解题时注意以下3点： (1)解答这类题可用“断章取义法”，即带着问题，有针对性地扫读短文，迅速锁定相关词句或信息点，然后寻找相关的同义或反义表述，围绕主旨深刻理解材料。 (2)问到what, when, which, where等具体细节时，往往有according to the author（passage）这样的限制语，回答时，一定要以文章所谈到的内容为据，而不要凭自己的观点和经验去选择不符合文章内容的答案。 (3)如果问题中含有否定意义的词语，如有not, except, least, never等，要特别留心，不要理解错了，而选相反的答案。 (1)

　　In the first case, where we don’t tell the clerk, a couple of things would happen. Deep down inside we would know ourselves as a type of thief. In the process, we would lose some peace of mind and self-respect. We would also demonstrate that we cannot be trusted, since we advertise our- dishonor by telling our family and friends. We damage our own reputations by telling others. (2007广东B) 47. The author thinks that keeping silent about the uncharged item is equal to ________.

　　lying

　　B. stealing

　　C. cheating

　　D. advertising B (2)

　　How should one invest a sum of money in these days of inflation (通货膨胀) ? Left in a bank it will hardly keep its value, however high the interest rate. Only a brave man, or a very rich one, dares to buy and sell on the Stock Market. Today it seems that one of the best ways to protect your savings, and even increase your wealth is to buy beautiful objects from the past. Here I am going to offer some advice on collecting antique docks, which I personally consider are among the most interesting of antiques. (2007广东A) 41. According to the passage, collecting antique clocks ________. A. can hardly keep the value of your savings

　　B. will cost much of your savings

　　C. may increase your wealth

　　D. needs your bravery C

　　(3)

　　Whether or nut we are slaves of time today depends on our culture and personality, but it is believed that many years ago kings kept special slaves to tell the time. Certain men were very clever at measuring the time of day according to the beating of their own hearts. They were made to stand in a fixed place and every hour or so would shout the time. So it seems that the first clocks were human beings.

　　However, men quickly found more convenient and reliable ways of telling the time. They learned to use the shadows cast by the sun. They marked the hours on candles, used sand in hour-glasses, and invented water-clocks. Indeed, any serious student of antique should spend as much time as possible visiting palaces, stately homes and museums to see some of the finest examples of clocks from the past. (2007广东A) 43. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a way to measure the time?

　　A. Counting the beating of one’s own heart.

　　B. Making use of candles, sand and water. C. Observing shadows cast by the sun.

　　D. Keeping slaves busy day and night. D 先后排序题——首尾定位法 这种试题要求考生根据动作发生的先后顺序和句子之间的逻辑关系，找出事件发生的正确顺序。可采用“首尾定位法”，即先找出第一个动作和最后一个动作，迅速缩小选择范围，从而快速选出正确答案。 (1)

　　In the 119th century England people liked to go to the seaside. In those days, ladies wore long bathing dresses, and men wore bathing suits. Women did not walk about on the beach in their bathing dresses. They hired a bathing machine. A bathing machine was used for changing in, and for taking the bather down to the sea. It cost 2 pence to hire a machine and an attendant. When she had paid, the bather climbed up the back steps and got into the bathing machine.

　　Then she changed into her bathing dress. When she had changed, the machine was pulled down to the sea. The bathing machine stopped in the water and the bather went down the front steps into the water. If she didn’t want to get into the sea, the attendant pulled her in.

　　65. In 19th century people who used the bathing machine usually did the following things. Which is the right order for doing them?

　　Changing into bathing clothing

　　b. Getting out of the bathing machine

　　c. Paying 2 pence

　　d. Getting into the bathing machine

　　e. Being taken down the beach

　　f. Getting into the water e, d, a, b, f, c

　　B. c, d, a, e, b, f

　　C. c, d, e, a, b, f

　　D.

　　d, a, e, b, f, c B

　　(2)

　　Fat and shy, Ben Saunders was the last kid in his class picked for any sports team…

　　It was a mountain bike he received for his 15th birthday that changed him. At first he went biking alone in a nearby forest. Then he began to ride the bike along with a runner friend. Gradually, Saunders set up his mind on building up his body, increasing his speed and strength. At the age of 18, he ran his first marathon.

　　The following year he met John Ridgway and was hired as an instructor at Ridgway’s school of adventure in Scotland, where he learnt about Ridgway’s cold-water exploits. Greatly interested, Saunders read all he could about North Pole explorers and adventures, the decided that this would be his future.

　　In 2001, after becoming a skillful skier, Saunders started his first long-distance expedition towards the North Pole… and he’s skied more of the North Pole by himself than any other British man. His old playmates would not believe the change.

　　Next October, Saunders, 27, heads south from the coast of Antarctica to the South Pole and back, a 2900-kilometer journey that has never been completed on skis.

　　2. Which of the following is the correct order of the events that happened to Saunders?

　　a. He ran his first marathon. b. He skied alone in the North Pole.

　　c. He rode his bike in a forest. d. He planned an adventure to the South Pole.

　　Ａ. a-c-d-b

　　B. c-d-a-b

　　C. a-c-b-d

　　D. c-a-b-d D 数字计算题 如果问的内容是由数字表示的事实或细节，比如时间，价格，次数，人数等，答案往往要经过计算才能回答，不要轻易从文中直接找出数字，文中直接出现的数据有可能只是其中之一，而要把文中出现的数字都要找到，确定它们之间的关系之后，再做出最后选择，以免理解错误。 (1)

　　Viewing Platform Penguin Plus (+V)

　　More personalized wildlife viewing limited to 130 people providing closer viewing of the penguin arrival than the main viewing stands.

　　Adult $25.00

　　Child $12.50 75. How much would a couple with one child pay for a closer viewing tour? $37.50.

　　B. $62.50.

　　C. $180.00.

　　D. $150.00. B

　　(2)

　　WE NEED OFFICE CLRANERS!

　　Three people are required for professional cleaning in the CBD area. Working hours from 5:00 pm on Mondays, Wednesdays & Fridays. Approximately five hours per shift. A good record is necessary. Experience preferred. Phone 6345 7843 now. 63. The office cleaners will be required to work about ____ hours a week.

　　A.5

　　B.10

　　C.15

　　D.20 C