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2017届高三英语一轮复习课件(安徽用)M4_Unit 12 Culture Shock

发布时间:2017-02-20  编辑:查字典英语网小编

  汉译英。 1. 他懂一点法语。

  He knows a bit of French.

  2. 一点也不冷。

  It's not a bit cold.

  3. 你的儿子有点胆小。Your son is a bit of a coward.

  4. 他一点也不在乎。

  He doesn't care a bit.

  ()(2010·湖北卷) It is illegal for a public official to ask people for gifts or money ______ favors to them. A. in preference to

  B. in place of C. in agreement with

  D. in exchange for

  D in preference to 优先于; in exchange for 交换;in place of 代替; in agreement with 同意,与……一致。

  …it's really easy to exchange traveller's cheques at banks or hotels…(P36) 段落的基本结构

  在学会写句的基础上,就可以开始学习如何将句子有序地连贯起来,这就组成了段落。段落是构成语篇的基础。 1. 段落的基本结构

  段落(Paragraph)是由阐述同一主题紧密相关的若干句子组成,是一则语意完整、和谐统一的语篇。一般说来,一个段落由3部分组成:主题句、扩展句和结论句。主题句提出论述的主题,扩展句利用必要的细节对主题加以论证说明,结论句总结全文,在论证的基础上得出结论。三者相辅相成,按逻辑顺序安排句子,并通过一些过渡句,构成一完整短文。 On Safety

  ①Accidents are today's most frequent cause of death in Children. ②Accidents occur to children in all sorts of places — at home, on the street, at school, on public playgrounds, at places to swim, and on camping trips. ③There are now many more chances for accidents than there used to be. ④Automobiles, power tools, electric wiring, and easy ways of starting fire are some examples. ⑤Most accidents are caused by carelessness. ⑥A great deal of effort should be taken to let children know the importance of safety. ⑦Safety is everyone's business.

  分析:在这一段落中,句①即为主题句,阐述段落的中心思想;句②,③,④,⑤和⑥为发展句,列举原因、例子等来丰富和阐明中心思想;句⑦为结尾句,与主题句相呼应,概括该段落的真正含义。

  2. 段落的主题句

  主题句(Topic sentence)概括段落的主要内容,交代下文欲加以说明、解释、论证的观点,限制着主题在段落中讨论的范围、文章发展的模式,是整个段落的纲领。 3. 段落的扩展句

  扩展句(Supporting sentence)的作用是丰富、支持、扩展主题句的内涵。扩展部分的阐述要透彻,证明要充分,举例有条理,符合思想逻辑。扩展句的表达形式多种多样,可以按时间或空间顺序,从整体到局部或从局部到整体的方法进行叙述、描写、说明或议论,也可用比较、对比、比喻、推导、归纳、演绎等手段来展现。扩展句须服从主题表达的需要,不应该涉及与主题无关或关系较远的内容。 4. 段落的结论句

  结论句(Concluding sentence)也称总结句,它标志着段落的结束,自然应位于一段的结尾。结论句可用来重述主题、提供问题的解决方式,对未来进行预测,提出问题让读者思考,或对全段内容加以概述。结论之前常会出现in short, in a word, therefore等词语。但并非所有的段落都需要结论句,有的也可采用自然结束的方式。

  结论句在注意总结与呼应主题句的基础上,用一个短短的感叹句、问句、概括句、比喻句、挑战性的话或一句名言将全段“拔高”一下,效果会更好。 参阅下面主题句与结论句呼应的例子:  ①主题句: Only a mother's love is selfless love!

  结尾句: What great love this is!  ②主题句:Life is limited, but knowledge is boundless.

  结尾句: How important it is to read good books!

  从以上的例子,我们可以清楚地看出主题句和结论句的关系,结论句在意思上和主题句保持一致,与主题句紧密呼应,但又不是简单的重复。例①运用感叹句,能起到强化主题思想的作用,给读者留下较深的印象。 结论句并非必不可少,但它能起到以下的作用: (1)表示段落的结束; (2)总结要点,与主题句相呼应; (3)使读者就本段落的主要内容和见解有一个深刻的印象或进行思考。 Part1 M4.Unit12 Unit12 Culture Shock Module4 1、owe vt.

  ①欠某人某物 owe sth. to sb./owe sb. sth.

  You owe me a favour!你还欠我一个人情呢!

  We owe $5, 000 to the bank. =We owe the bank $5, 000. 我们欠银行5, 000美元。 ② 归功于, 归因于

  I owe my success to hard work. 我把成功归功于勤奋工作。 ③ 应当给予 I think we're owed an apology.

  我认为得有人向我们道歉。 ④ 感激

  I owe you a lot for all you did for me when I was young. 我十分感激你在我年幼时为我做的一切。 owing to (doing) sth. “由于”;在句中作状语。 Owing to the shower, the baseball game was broken off.

  由于骤雨突至, 那场棒球赛被迫中止了。 完成句子。 1. 买这些杂货我得给你多少钱? How much do I owe you for the groceries?

  2. 与下属坦诚相待,这是你对他们应有的态度。 You owe it to your staff to be honest with them.

  3. 我的一切都归功于他。 I owe everything to him.

  2、absorb vt.

  ① 吸收(液体, 气体等) Plants absorb carbon dioxide. 植物吸收二氧化碳。 ② 吸取, 掌握(知识等)

  I haven't really had time to absorb everything that he said. 事实上我还没有时间弄懂他说的一切。 ③ 吸引(注意力等) absorb one's attention 吸引某人的注意力 be absorbed in专心于, 全神贯注于

  完成句子。 1. 作家全神贯注地写作, 以至于忘了弹去雪茄的烟灰。

  The writer was so absorbed in his writing that he forgot to flick the ashes from his cigar.

  2. 这项工作已使他沉迷了好几年。

  This work has absorbed him for several years.

  3、afford v.

  ① 买得起;承担得起(后果),有能力做,搭配: afford to do sth. Can we afford a new car? 我们买得起一辆新车吗? He says he really can't afford to wait another day.

  他说他确实一天也等不了啦。 ② 给予, 使得到 The tree afforded us shelter from the rain.

  树给我们遮雨。 完成句子。 1. 我倒想去度假, 可是抽不出时间来。 I'd love to go on a holiday but I can't afford the time.

  2. 与你共餐将是我的一大乐事。 It will afford me great pleasure to have dinner with you.

  3. 要我离岗3周是不行的。 I can't afford three weeks away from work.

  4. 你的来信使我很高兴。 Your letter has afforded me much pleasure .

  4、exchange vt. 交换, 交流, 兑换 n. 交换(物), 兑换;交易所 ① exchange A for B以A换B

  You can exchange your currency for dollars in the hotel. 你可以在宾馆把你的钱兑换成美元。 ② exchange sth. with sb. 与某人交换某物 ③ in exchange (for) 作为交换, 和……交换 exchangeable adj. 可交换的, 可更换的 change vt. 改变;变化;常与for, into和from等连用。 完成句子。 1. 你愿意和我交换座位吗?

  Will you exchange seats with me? 2. 他教她中文。作为交换,她教他英文。

  He's teaching her Chinese in exchange for teaching him English.

  3. 这些礼券只能用来兑取光盘。 These tokens are exchangeable for CDs only.

  4. 我正在考虑换辆大车。 I'm thinking of changing my car for a bigger one.

  5. 在一个童话故事里, 巫婆把王子变成了青蛙。 In a fairy tale, the witch changed the prince

  into

  a frog.

  5、consider ① vt.&vi. 考虑 consider sth. consider doing sth. consider wh­ to do ② vt. 认为;把……视为(其后常接that从句或复合结构) I consider that it was a very good film.

  我认为这是一部很好的影片。 considerable adj. 值得考虑的;重要的;相当大/多的 considerate adj. 考虑周到的;为他人着想的 consideration n. 考虑;体贴;关心 considering prep.&conj. 就……而论, 考虑到 be under consideration正在考虑之中 give consideration to考虑 all things considered从各方面考虑起来 take…into consideration/account 把……考虑在内 完成句子。 1. 我们正在考虑去北京。 We are considering going to Beijing.

  2. 我们考虑下一步怎么办。 We considered what to do next.

  3.我认为他是一个聪明的人。 I consider him to be a clever fellow.

  汉译英。 4. 我考虑这个周末去看看我的叔叔。

  I'm considering paying a visit to my uncle this weekend.

  5. Jean认为自己很幸运。

  Jean considered herself (to be) very lucky. 6、manner n. 礼貌;风格;方式;习惯;举止 I thought I noticed a certain coldness in his manner. 我想我觉察到他的态度有些冷淡。 ① in a…manner 以……方式/方法 She answered in a businesslike manner.

  她回答时显出一副公事公办的样子。 ② all manner of 各种各样的;形形色色的 ③ in a manner of speaking 不妨说;从某种意义上说 汉译英。 1. 他经常以这种古怪的方式讲话。

  He often speaks in such a strange manner.

  2. 他们问了我各种各样的问题。

  They asked me all manner of questions.

  7、insist v. 坚持

  insist on坚决要求, 坚持认为。是对要求、看法、意见或主张的“坚持”, on是介词, 后面接名词或动名词作宾语。

  She insisted on her opinion at the meeting.

  她在会上坚持自己的意见。 insist接that从句, 有两种情况 ①表示“坚决认为(主张)”, 从句用陈述语气。

  Though all his friends criticized him, he insisted he had done nothing wrong.

  尽管所有的朋友都指责他, 但他坚持认为自己没有做错事。 ②表示“坚决要, 坚决要求”, 这时从句谓语常用虚拟语气。 He insists that she (should) go. 他坚决要她去。 完成句子。 1. 他坚持说他是无罪的。

  He insisted on his innocence.

  2. 他坚持要邀请她参加我们的聚会。

  He insists she should be invited to our party.

  3. 她坚持要他穿西装。

  She insisted on his/him wearing a suit.

  8、belong “属于”;后面与to搭配,只用于主动语态, 不能用于被动语态;只用于一般时态, 不用于进行时态。 I don't know to whom the bike belongs.

  我不知道这辆自行车是谁的。 汉译英。 1. 那本词典是汤姆的。

  That dictionary belongs to Tom.

  2. 你是哪个俱乐部的?

  Which club do you belong to? 3. 中国是个发展中国家, 属于第三世界。

  China is a developing country, belonging to the Third World.

  9、I kept_saying that I knew the way myself, but it just did not work. (P40)

  我重复着说我自己知道路,但是这不起作用。

  keep (on) doing sth. 继续做某事, 重复做某事

  We kept (on) working in the field in spite of the rain.

  尽管下雨, 我们还是坚持在地里干活。

  keep doing与keep on doing ①重复性较强的时候, 多用keep doing (sth.)。

  She kept coughing all night. 她整夜咳嗽。 ②keep on后接行为动词, 不能接sitting, standing, lying, sleeping等表示静态的动词。如不能说:He kept on sitting. 但可以说:keep lying/standing/sitting there。

  keep的几个常用短语: ① keep watch守望,值班;放哨 ② keep back 隐瞒;保留,扣除 ③ keep in touch 保持联系 ④ keep my promise/word 履行诺言 ⑤ keep up (vi.)使……继续;不落后;使不下降;跟上(+with)

  ⑥ keep off 防止,避开;使免受……影响 ⑦ keep out阻止……进入;不卷入,避开(+of)

  汉译英。 1. 我父母总是反复叮嘱我应当努力学习。

  My parents always keep (on) saying to me that I should study hard.

  2. 希望你别老打断我!

  I wish you wouldn't keep on interrupting me!

  10、In Melbourne, the_only_place we ever see kangaroos is on the menu in a restaurant.(P42)

  在墨尔本,我们能看到袋鼠的唯一地方是在餐厅的菜单上。

  当“the only+名词(单数)”作主语时, 其谓语动词也应用单数。

  He is the only one of the students who has been a winner of scholarship for three years.

  他是唯一一个3年来都获得奖学金的学生。

  汉译英。 1. 她是受到老师表扬的女生之一。

  She is one of the girls who are praised by the teacher.

  2. 她是唯一受到老师表扬的女生。

  She is the only one of the girls who is praised by the teacher.

  11、The government is trying to improve things, but it seems a_bit late.(P42)

  政府尝试做些改进,但似乎有点晚了。 ①a bit“一点点, 有点”,可用来修饰形容词、副词或它们的比较级;若修饰名词需加介词of。 My foot is better but it still hurts a bit.

  我的脚好一些了, 但还是有点痛。 ② not a bit=not at all; not in the least 一点也不 not a little=very much非常

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