（广东专版）2017届高三英语一轮练习：Unit 1《A land of diversit》（新人教版选修8）

　　一、语法填空

　　阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。

　　二、完形填空

　　阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从1～15各题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项。

　　Inequality between men and women results in poorer health for children and greater poverty for the family，__1__a new study.The UN agency Unicef found that in places where women are excluded from family__2__，children are more__3__to suffer from malnutrition(营养不良)．There would be 13 million __4__malnourished children in South Asia if women had an __5__say (发言权)in the family，Unicef said.

　　Unicef __6__family decision­making in 30 countries around the world.Their chief finding is that __7__between men and women is vital to__8__poverty and improving health，especially that of children，in developing countries.The __9__are contained in the agency's latest report.This report__10__to a greater lack of __11__for girls and women in education and work which contributes to inferior position and poverty.Where men control the household，less money is spent on health care and food for the family，which __12__poorer health for the children.

　　An increase in __13__and income­earning opportunities for women would increase their __14__power，the report said.For example，the agency found that __15__has the greater share of household income and property decides whether those resources will be used for family needs.

　　1．A.devoted toB．according to

　　C．thanks to　 D．with regard to

　　2．A.decisions　

　　B．agreement

　　C．circle　

　　D．history

　　3．A.vital B．used

　　C．possible　 D．likely

　　4．A.more

　　B．few　

　　C．fewer

　　D．least

　　5．A.equal

　　B．right

　　C．superior

　　D．smart

　　6．A.found

　　B．considered　

　　C．released

　　D．surveyed

　　7．A.relationship

　　B．equality

　　C．income

　　D．friendship

　　8．A.growing　

　　B．urban

　　C．local

　　D．reducing

　　9．A.conclusions

　　B．reasons

　　C．keys

　　D．notes

　　10．A.points

　　B．indicates

　　C．shows

　　D．suggests

　　11．A.money

　　B．care　

　　C．opportunities

　　D．help

　　12．A.costs

　　B．makes

　　C．cares for D．results in

　　13A.health

　　B．employment

　　C．wealth

　　D．movement

　　14．A.female

　　B．strong

　　C．household

　　D．social

　　15．A.whatever

　　B．whoever

　　C．whichever

　　D．however

　　三、阅读理解　专题训练(十)

　　议论文的阅读(1)

　　◆ 方法点拨

　　议论文通常用来讨论一个观点或现象，其内容主要由三部分组成：论点，论据与结论。论点就是作者要论述的观点，是文章的主旨；而论据是用来证明论点的材料，也就是支撑论点的理由和事实。它可以是事例，理论，数据等等，结论则是论证后所得出的总结性观点。

　　写作方法通常是：提出论点，分析或举例论证，得出结论。

　　阅读议论文的方法：

　　读者应该先搞清楚其结构。首先通过寻找短文的主题句来确定文章的主题，也就是论点。主题句在文章中的位置通常有三种情况：开头、中间、结尾(含在开头结尾同时出现、首尾呼应的主题句)。因此仔细阅读这类文章或段落的首尾句是关键。在浏览时，一般不需逐句浏览，只需选读文章的首段、尾段，或每段的首句和末句。但注意，有些文章的主题句或者说“文眼”出现在文章的最后，此类文章往往以列举事实开头，通过论证，最后阐述核心观点，或者引用某个人的话印证自己的观点，以此归纳文章的主旨大意。找出文章的主论点后，还需进一步找出每段落的分论点，以免分论点与主论点混淆。

　　◆ 活学活用

　　阅读下列文章，按要求完成读写任务

　　It's natural that children are curious about the world around them.For example，they want to know how their hearts beat.They want to know why the ocean water tastes salty.

　　As children grow up，they become curious about different kinds of things.When they are babies，they are interested in the parts of their bodies and in the smiles of the others.Then they become interested in the physical world around them：the plants，the animals，and the sky.Later they become interested in the things that people have made：wheels，bicycles，cars，etc.And when they are adults，their curiosity continues.Sometimes this curiosity leads to a career(生涯)in science.

　　Scientists spend their lives trying to find out about the world.Those who work with the earth sciences study the earth，the oceans，and the skies.Other scientists who study living things work with the biological science.A third group of scientists study the physical science，e.g.physics and chemistry.

　　These scientists have already discovered a lot about our world.For example，they tell us why your heart beats fast when you run.They say that when you are quiet，your heart normally beats sixty­five or seventy­five times a minute.Your heart is a pump that pumps blood to all parts of the body.The blood carries oxygen and nutrition.When you run，your muscles work very hard and use the nutrition that the brain carries to them.The muscles need oxygen，too.So your brain sends a signal to the heart.The signal means that the muscles need more nutrition and oxygen.Then the heart beats fast and sends blood quickly to the muscles.It may beat 90 to 140 times a minute.

　　Of course，scientists cannot answer all of our questions.If we ask，“Why does the ocean water taste salty”，scientists will say that the salt comes from rocks.When a rock gets very hot or very cold，it cracks.Rain falls into the cracks.The rain then carries the salt into the earth and into the rivers.The rivers carry the salt into the oceans.But when then we ask “What happens to the salt in the ocean？The ocean does not get saltier every year.” Scientists are not sure about the answer to this question.

　　We know a lot about our world，but there are still many answers that we don't have and we are curious.

　　Ⅰ.根据短文，写一篇30词左右的摘要

　　_______________________________________________________

　　_______________________________________________________

　　_______________________________________________________

　　_______________________________________________________

　　Ⅱ.根据所读短文，选择最佳选项

　　1．According to the passage，which of the following statements is true？________.

　　A．People are curious in the same way.

　　B．People in different countries are interested in different things.

　　C．Men and women are curious about different things.

　　D．People of different ages are interested in different things.

　　2．Scientists who work with the biological sciences study________.

　　A．the earth，the oceans and the sky

　　B．man­made things

　　C．plants and animals

　　D．ocean water

　　3．When you run，your muscles need ________.

　　A．more nutrition and oxygen

　　B．more signals

　　C．more salt

　　D．water

　　4．People are always curious because________.

　　A．they cannot explain many things

　　B．they know nothing about the world

　　C．they know little about the world

　　D．they want to be scientists

　　5．The passage mainly shows us that ________.

　　A．Scientists find out many things because they are curious about everything around them

　　B．what the people are curious about

　　C．everyone has curiosity which makes the science develop quickly

　　D．Sometimes scientists cannot answer all of our questions1．解析：过去分词作条件状语，意思是如果把钱存在银行里，钱会贬值。

　　答案：Left

　　2．解析：or的意思是 “或者”。

　　答案：or

　　3．解析：不定式作定语。

　　答案：to protect

　　4．解析：购买从过去传下来的东西(古董)。

　　答案：from

　　5．解析：关系代词引导非限制性定语从句。

　　答案：which

　　6．解析：what引导宾语从句，在从句中作动词report的宾语。

　　答案：what

　　7．解析：由……统治。

　　答案：is ruled by

　　8．解析：with表示 “有……”。

　　答案：with

　　9．解析：它(钟)把它的孩子们(手表)系在人们的手腕上，这样无论人们走到哪儿，他们都在它的(时间的)控制下。

　　答案：fastens

　　10．解析：they指人类。

　　答案：they

　　二、

　　1．解析：according to a new study：根据最新研究。

　　答案：B

　　2．解析：妇女被排除在决策权之外的地方，孩子更容易营养不良。

　　答案：A

　　3．D　4.C　5.A

　　6．解析：Unicef对30个国家家庭决策情况进行调查。

　　答案：D

　　7．B

　　8．解析：男女平等对减少贫困、改善孩子们的健康状况非常重要。

　　答案：D

　　9～12 AACD

　　13．解析：给妇女更多的就业机会会使妇女提高在家庭中的地位。

　　答案：B

　　14．C　15.B

　　三、

　　Ⅰ

　　This passage tells us that everyone，either children or adults are curious about the world around them，which sometimes leads to a career in science and thus makes science develop by showing some examples.

　　Ⅱ

　　1．解析：根据第二段可知。

　　答案：D

　　2．解析：根据第三段“Other scientists who study living things work with the biological science.”

　　答案：C

　　3．解析：根据第四段“The blood carries oxygen and nutrition.When you run，your muscles work very hard and use the nutrition that the brain carries to them.The muscles need oxygen.The signal means that the muscles need more nutrition and oxygen.”

　　答案：A

　　4．解析：推理题，正因为不能解释，才会产生好奇。

　　答案：A

　　5．解析：中心概括题。本文通过事例论述人们对事物的好奇推进科学的发展。

　　答案：C