高考英语备考总复习：BookII Unit9《Saving the earth》知识搜索与探究归纳

　　高考英语备考单元知识搜索与探究归纳

　　Unit9 Saving the earth

　　自助式复习板块

　　知识搜索

　　A. 单词

　　1.生态；生态学(n.) _________________

　　2.问题；争议；发行(n.) _________________

　　3.内容；目录；能量(n.) _________________

　　4.代表;典型;议员(n.) _________________

　　5.公共卫生;环境卫生;卫生设备(n.) _________________

　　6.贫穷(n.) _________________

　　7.暴力;侵犯;猛烈(n.) _________________

　　8.总理;首相(n.) _________________

　　9.相等;平等(n.) _________________

　　10.合作;配合(n.) _________________

　　11.公平;公正(n.) _________________

　　12.甘愿;心甘情愿(n.) _________________

　　13.可供选择的办法(n.) _________________

　　14.兴旺;繁荣(v.) _________________

　　15.不真实的;不正确的;不妥当的(adj.) _________________

　　16.农村的(adj.) _________________

　　17.能持续的;能维持的(adj.) _________________

　　18.弄脏;污染;毒害(v.) _________________

　　19.着重;强调(v.) _________________

　　20.为……辩护;防护(v.) _________________

　　21.影响;感到;(疾病)侵袭(v.) _________________

　　答案：1.ecology　2.issue　3.content　4.representative　5.sanitation　6.poverty7.violence　8.premier　9.equality　10.cooperation　11.fairness　12.willingness　13.alternative　14.prosper　15.incorrect　16.rural　17.sustainable　18.contaminate　19.stress　20.defend　21.affectB. 短语

　　22.与……协调 23.空调 24.采取行动 /______ / ________ to do sth.

　　25.出席国际会议 the ______ _______

　　26.受到污染的饮用水 water

　　27.在农村/都市地区 / _______ _______

　　28.可持续发展 29.胜败关头 30.克服水危机 the water ________

　　31.结束,制止

　　22.in harmony with　23.air conditioner　24.take action/steps/measures　25.attend,international conference　26.contaminated drinking　27.in rural/urban areas　28.sustainable development29.at stake　30.overcome,crisis　31.put an end toC. 句型

　　32. In the opinion of the Whites, marrying a rich man is very important.

　　=Miss White believes, ______ ______ her family, marrying a rich man is very important.

　　33. You want to borrow money from him? Impossible!

　　= ________________that he lends you any money.

　　34. Tom is coming.

　　= ______ _______ Tom.

　　答案：32.as do　33.There is no chance　34.There comesD. 语法

　　35.只有当你认识到它的重要性时你才能理解它。

　　Only when you realize its importance,______ _______ _______ it.

　　36.我刚到那儿就听见了坏消息。

　　Hardly______ I _______there _______ I heard the bad news.

　　37.地上躺着一个受伤的男孩。

　　an injured boy.

　　答案：35.can you understand　36.had;arrived; when　37.On the ground lay要点1　content

　　【例题】As he had to drive home after the party, he himself with two glass of beer.

　　A. contentedB. satisfiedC. contentD. satisfy

　　解析:使满意，使满足content oneself with; be satisfied with是“对……感到满足”。

　　答案:A

　　

　　(1）n. 内容、要旨;目录；容量、含量；满足

　　It is advisable to look at the contents of a book, before buying it.

　　买书前最好是先看一看目录。

　　People of our country live in peace and content.

　　我们国家的人生活在安宁和满意之中。

　　(2)adj. 满意的，满足的，甘愿的：be content with/be content to do

　　She is content with very little.

　　她易于满足。

　　The old couple seem content to sit in front of the television all night.

　　老夫妇俩似乎整夜坐在电视机前就心满意足了。

　　(3）v. 使满意，使满足content oneself with

　　Nothing contents her; she is always complaining.

　　没有什么能使她满意，她总是抱怨。

　　John contented himself with one glass of wine.

　　约翰喝一杯酒就满足了。

　　We should never content ourselves with a little book knowledge only.

　　我们切不可满足于仅有的一点点书本知识。

　　要点2　alternative

　　【例题】Weve tried this method, which doesnt work. Is there an/a ?

　　A. choice

　　B. chance

　　C. alternative

　　D. way

　　解析:alternative其他的选择。

　　答案:C

　　

　　(1）adj. 作定语，表“另一可用的，其他的”

　　The way was blocked, so we went by an alternative road. 

　　这条路被挡住了，因此我们走了另一条路。

　　(2)n. “可能性中的选择，其他的选择”，可数名词

　　Check out the alternatives before deciding whether to go to a nearby college.

　　在决定是否去就近的大学之前先看一下别的选择。

　　(3）have no alternative/there is no alternative but to do除……外别无选择；只有；只好

　　There was no other alternative but to fight till the victory.

　　除了战斗直到胜利，别无选择。

　　要点1　wipe out

　　【例题】Nobody can the history.

　　A. wipe out

　　B. wipe off

　　C. wipe up

　　D. wipe down

　　解析:wipe out清除；除去。

　　答案:A

　　

　　(1）洗……的内部

　　Its your turn to wipe out the bath.

　　该你擦浴盆了。

　　(2)清除；除去

　　Much of the poverty can be wiped out.

　　大多数贫穷能够被消灭。

　　(3)彻底毁灭，扫灭

　　The Red Army wiped out a whole army of the enemy.

　　红军歼灭了敌人一个整军。

　　要点2　defend s. /sth.(from/against sb. /sth.)

　　【例题】It is said that the murderer has employed a famous lawyer to him.

　　A. protect

　　B. protect for

　　C. defend

　　D. defend for

　　解析:defend s. “为某人辩护”，是及物动词。

　　答案:C

　　

　　(1）保护……免受伤害；保卫

　　She had to defend herself against the guard dog.

　　她不得不防备看门狗咬她。

　　defend the motherland 保卫祖国

　　(2)支持，为……辩护

　　The accused man had a lawyer to defend him.

　　被告有一律师为他辩护。

　　(3) defence/defense (against sth.) n.

　　(4) defenseless adj. 无防御能力的；defensive 防御的；防卫的

　　AIDS makes people defenseless against infections and illnesses.

　　艾滋病使人对感染和疾病毫无防御能力。

　　要点3　advise s. (not) to do sth.

　　【例题】He was to give up smoking, but he refused. 

　　A. advised

　　B. persuaded

　　C. suggested

　　D. had

　　解析:advise + s.

　　to do sth.“建议某人做某事”；persuade s. to do“说服了某人做某事”；suggest s. do“建议某人做某事”。

　　答案:A

　　

　　(1）advise +n./pron.

　　I advised an early start.

　　我建议早点出发。

　　She needed someone to advise her.

　　她需要有人给她些建议。

　　(2）advise + doing

　　I advise opening the door as soon as possible.

　　我提议立即打开门。

　　(3)advise + sb. (not) to do sth.

　　Mary advised Tom to take advantage of the opportunity.

　　玛丽建议汤姆利用这个机会。

　　(4)advise that sb. (should) do

　　We advised that the matter should be under consideration.

　　我们建议应该考虑此事。

　　要点1　There is...chance that...很有可能

　　【例题】is a good chance______ youll find certain medical opinions on health in this magazine.

　　A. It; which

　　B. There; that

　　C. There; which

　　D. It; that

　　解析：There is...chance that...固定搭配，意思是“……很有可能”。

　　答案:B

　　

　　(1）这里的chance表示可能性，既可以作可数名词，也可作不可数名词。

　　Chances are good that you will win.

　　极有可能你会赢。

　　Is there any chance of rain?

　　有可能下雨吗？

　　There is no chance of winning.

　　没有赢的可能。

　　There is only a slim chance that Mary will pass the exam.

　　玛丽通过考试的可能性很小。

　　(2)chance还可表机会，碰巧，常用词组有：

　　by any chance或许，可能

　　by chance偶然地；意外地

　　take chances冒险

　　(3)chance作为动词，表碰巧；冒险

　　I chanced to see our old headmaster in the street the other day.

　　前几天我碰巧在街上看到了我们的老校长。

　　You shouldnt chance all your money at once.

　　你不应该一下子拿所有的钱去碰运气。

　　要点2　as + be/do+主语……也是这样

　　【例题】He believed, his family, that you were telling the truth.

　　A. so as

　　B. so did

　　C. as were

　　D. as did

　　解析：as + be/do+主语，相当于and so too,意思是“……也一样”。

　　答案:D

　　

　　(1）as + be/do+主语，相当于and so too,“……也一样”。

　　He is a patriot, as are his brothers.

　　他是个爱国者，他的兄弟们也是一样。

　　He believed, as did his family, that you were telling the truth.

　　他和他全家人一样，相信你说的是实话。

　　(2)as“虽然”，还能引导让步状语从句。把表语、状语或部分谓语提前；表语为名词时，前面通常不用定冠词。

　　Young as I am, I already know what career I want to follow.

　　我虽然还小，但对要从事的职业已胸有成竹了。

　　Child as he is, he knows much about science.

　　虽然他还是个孩子，他对科学已经知道得很多了。