高考英语备考总复习：BookII Unit5《The British Isles》知识搜索与探究归纳

　　高考英语备考单元知识搜索与探究归纳

　　Unit5 The British Isles

　　自助式复习板块

　　知识搜索

　　A. 单词

　　1.国家；政府；州；状态

　　(n.)

　　2.差异；多样性

　　(n.)

　　3.共和国；共和政体

　　(n.)

　　4.欧洲

　　(n.)

　　5.影响

　　(n.)

　　6.基础；根据

　　(n.)

　　7.联合；合并；团结；联邦；协会

　　(n.)

　　8.香烟

　　(n.)

　　9.证据；证物；证明

　　(n.)

　　10.被单；床单；薄板

　　(n.)

　　11.委员会；会议；社团

　　(n.)

　　12.历史的；有关历史的；与历史有关的

　　(adj.)

　　13.较上的；地位较高的；上院的；北部的

　　(adj.)

　　14.一般的；普通的

　　(adj.)

　　15.狭窄的；狭隘的

　　(adj.)

　　16.错误的；弄错的

　　(adj.)

　　17.强有力的；权利大的

　　(adj.)

　　18.由……组成

　　(v.)

　　19.形成；构成；组成

　　(v.)

　　20.征服；克服；得胜

　　(v.)

　　21.判断

　　(v.)

　　22.拥有

　　(v.)

　　23.接近；靠近；着手处理

　　(v.)

　　1.state　2.diversity　3.republic　4.Europe　5.influence　6.basis　7.union

　　8.cigarette　9.proof　10.sheet　11.council　12.historical　13.upper　14.general　15.narrow　16.mistaken　17.powerful　18.consist　19.form　20.conquer　21.judge　22.own　23.approachB. 短语

　　24.代表

　　25.由……组成 be

　　或

　　of

　　26.利用它的文化多样性

　　of its

　　

　　27.因共同的语言团结在一起

　　by a

　　language

　　28.在某处；一度

　　29.一般的；大体上

　　30.全年

　　the year

　　31.结束

　　32.很有价值

　　great value

　　33.在第一影响的基础上

　　of the first

　　

　　34.名胜古迹

　　35.作为报答

　　36.追溯到

　　/

　　37.被认为 be

　　to do 

　　答案：24.stand for　25.made up of/consist26.make the most, cultural diversity

　　27.hold together, common　28.at one point　29.in general　30.throughout　31.end up　32.be of　33.on the basis, impression　34.historical places　35.in return　36.date from/date back to　37.believedC. 句型

　　38. I can know from his looks that he is dishonest.

　　=

　　from his appearance, he is dishonest.

　　39. If I tell you she once lived abroad for three years, you won’t feel curious why her English is so good now.

　　→

　　her English is so good, she once lived abroad for three years.

　　40. In 1920 regular radio broadcasts began.

　　=It was

　　1920

　　regular radio broadcasts began.

　　答案：38.Judging　39.No wonder　40.not until; thatD. 语法

　　41. One of the men held the view

　　the book said was right.

　　42. Dr. Black comes from either Oxford or Cambridge, I can’t remember

　　.

　　43. He doesn’t think the question of

　　they are men or women is important.

　　44. He often thinks of

　　he can do more for his country.

　　45. Air is to us

　　water is to fish.

　　41.that what　42.which　43.whether44.how　45.what要点1　consist

　　【例题】It is a simple dish to prepare, mainly rice and vegetables.

　　A. consisting ofB. made up for

　　C. made from

　　D. consisting in

　　解析:表示“组成”的词组有consist of sth./be made up of/be made from；consist in sth.以……为主要的或惟一的因素或特点。

　　答案:A

　　

　　(1)consist一般不用于进行时

　　(2)consist of sth.由……组成

　　(3)consist in sth.以……为主要的或惟一的因素或特点

　　New York City consists of five boroughs.

　　纽约市由五个行政区组成。

　　The beauty of the artist’s style consists in its simplicity.

　　这位艺术家的风格上的美在于它的简朴。

　　True charity doesn’t consist in almsgiving.

　　真正的慈善不在于施舍。

　　His job consists of helping old people who live alone.

　　他的工作包括帮助无人照顾的独居老人。

　　要点2　influence 

　　【例题】 A teacher has great

　　over his students.

　　A. effort

　　B. affect

　　C. influence

　　D. effect

　　解析:have (an) influence on/upon/over...对……有影响。

　　答案:C

　　

　　(1）n.影响，作用

　　have (an) influence on/upon/over...对……有影响

　　The book had a great influence on his life.

　　这本书对他的人生影响很大。

　　Environment has great influence on character.

　　环境对性格有很大的影响。

　　(2）vt. 影响

　　I don’t want to influence you. You must decide for yourself.

　　我不想影响你，你自己作决定。

　　At that time, I was very much influenced by his value.

　　那时候，他的价值观对我有很大的影响。

　　(3）比较affect，effect，influence

　　affect 指“产生的影响之大足以引起反应”,着重“影响”的动作,有时含有“对……产生不利影响”的意思。

　　This article will affect my thinking.

　　这篇文章将会影响我的思想。

　　effect vt. 指“实现”“达成”,着重“造成”一种特殊的效果。

　　This book effected a change in my opinion.

　　这本书使我的看法起了变化。

　　influence 指“通过说服、举例等对行动、思想、性格等产生不易觉察到的,潜移默化的影响”。

　　Influenced by a high－school biology teacher, he took up the study of medicine.

　　在一位中学生物教师的影响下,他从事医学研究。

　　要点3　judge

　　【例题】You can’t

　　a person on the basis of first impression.

　　A. consider

　　B. regard

　　C. recognize

　　D. judge

　　解析:句意为“你不能凭第一印象来评价一个人”。judge“评价，判断”。

　　答案:D

　　

　　(1）vt.判断，评价

　　I can’t judge whether he was right or wrong.

　　我判断不出他是对还是错。

　　(2）估计，认为judge...to be/sth. adj. n./that

　　I judged the distance to be about four miles.

　　我估计距离大约是四英里。

　　He judged it safer to go away than to stay.

　　他认为走比留更安全。

　　I judged that he has forgotten his promise.

　　我估计他已经忘了他的承诺。

　　(3)judge by/from 从……来看、判断

　　Don’t judge a person by his looks.

　　不要以貌取人。

　　作状语时，我们常用judging from...或judging/judged by...

　　Judging/Judged by the look on his face he doesn’t think much of our local wine.

　　从他脸上的表情来看，他认为我们的酒不怎么样。

　　Judging from what you say, he ought to succeed. 

　　从你所说的话来看，他应该会成功的。

　　要点1　make up

　　【例题】As we all know, that country is

　　about 5000 islands on the Pacific Ocean.

　　A. made of

　　B. made from

　　C. made into

　　D. made up of

　　解析:由……组成be made up of。

　　答案:D

　　

　　(1）和解；和好 

　　Why don’t you two shake hands and make up?

　　你们两个不如握手言和吧。

　　(2）化妆；化装

　　She made up her face to look prettier.

　　她把脸化了妆以便看上去漂亮些。 

　　(3）捏造，虚构(故事、诗等）

　　The boy made up a story; it was not true.

　　男孩编了个故事，这故事不是真的。 

　　He made up an excuse for his being late.

　　他为迟到编了个借口。

　　(4）组成，构成(被动形式为be made up of）

　　This medical team is made up of 10 doctors and 7 nurses.

　　这支医疗队是由10个医生和7个护士组成的。

　　(5）整理；收拾

　　make up a bed 整理床铺

　　(6）补足

　　We have ten players, so we need one more to make up a team.

　　我们已有10名运动员了，还缺一名才能凑成一个队。

　　You must make up the time you wasted this afternoon by working late tonight.

　　你今晚得熬夜来补回你今天下午浪费的时间。

　　(7）make up for补偿

　　How can we make up to you for what you have suffered?

　　我们如何补偿你所遭受的损害？

　　They hurried on to make up for lost time.

　　他们加速进行以补回失去的时间。

　　要点2　at one point

　　【例题】she thought she would give up and ask help from Dad. 

　　A. In one condition

　　B. On one condition

　　C. At one point

　　D. In one point

　　解析:at one point曾经，一度。

　　答案:C

　　

　　(1）在某处

　　The English Channel at one point is only 20 miles wide.

　　英吉利海峡在某处只有20英里宽。

　　(2）曾经，一度

　　At one point in the meeting she almost lost her temper.

　　在会议上她一度几乎要大发雷霆。

　　(3）to the point 切题的；涉及要点

　　remarks that were to the point和本题相关的话

　　He rambled and would not speak to the point.

　　他随便地乱讲却不讲与本题相关的。

　　要点1　not...until...直到……才……

　　【例题】2010湖北，24It was

　　back home after the experiment.

　　A. not until midnight did he go

　　B. until midnight that he didn’t go

　　C. not until midnight that he went

　　D. until midnight when he didn’t go

　　解析：这是对强调句的考查。not...until...句型用强调句来表达是一个难点，在强调句中not不能和until分开，并且句子不倒装。

　　答案:C

　　

　　not...but...不是……而是……

　　not that...but that...不是(因为）……而是(因为)……

　　not only...but also...不但……而且……

　　要点2　It is no wonder that难怪……；不足为奇……

　　【例题】2010湖北卷，30He hasn’t slept at all for three days.

　　he is tired out.

　　A. There is no point

　　B. There is no need

　　C. It is no wonder

　　D. It is no way

　　解析:句意为“他已经三天没睡觉了，怪不得他筋疲力尽了”。there is no point “做某事毫无意义”；there is no need“做某事没有必要”；it is no wonder“怪不得”。

　　答案:C

　　wonder作名词表示惊奇，惊异

　　It is a wonder that...令人惊奇的是

　　It is no wonder that...或者no/small/little wonder that...并不出奇

　　It’s a wonder you recognized me.难得你还认得我。

　　No wonder he is not hungry; he has been eating sweets all day.

　　难怪他不饿，他整天在吃糖果。

　　Small wonder that he is so tired. 

　　难怪他这么累。