河北省鸡泽一中高三英语《主谓一致》语法与练习题课

　　主谓一致语法与练习题 主谓一致是指： 1）语法一致原则——谓语动词与主语语法上的数取得一致，即主语中心词是复数，谓语动词用复数形式，主语中心词是单数或不可数名词，谓语动词就用单数形式。 The student is operating the computer. 2） 意义一致原则——谓语动词与主语实际意义上取得一致，即谓语动词的数取决于主语中心词的单、复数意义，而不是它的单、复数形式。集合名词作主语时，若看作整体，则谓语动词用单数形式；若看作各个成员时，谓语动词用复数形式。 His family are music lovers. 一、就近一致原则——谓语动词的数取决于最靠近它的主语的单、复数形式 There be;

　　…or…; either…or…; neither…nor…; not only…but also…; not (just)…but… 1. There _____ a pen, an ink bottle, and some books on it. There ________ some bowls, plates and a spoon on it. A. is; are

　　B. are; are

　　C. are; is

　　D. is; is

　　A 2. Either the judge or the lawyers ________ wrong. Either you or he _______ to blame. A. is; are

　　B. are; is

　　C. are; are

　　D. is; is

　　B 二、就前一致原则—谓语动词与前面的中心词一致 with; together with; along with; but; except; besides; in addition to; including; as well as; rather than not;

　　like; unlike; no less than

　　名词A +

　　+名词B，谓语动词与名词A一致。 1. The girl as well as his parents _______ a bike. Not only the students but also the professor ______ surprised at Mary’s answer. A. have; was

　　B. have; were

　　C. has; was

　　D. has; were

　　2. Grandpa Wang and his two grandsons ______ taking a walk in the park now. Grandpa Wang, together with his two grandsons, ____ taking a walk in the park now.

　　A. are; are

　　B. is; are

　　C. is; is

　　D. are; is

　　3. No one but Jane ______ the secret. Nobody but Mary and I ___ in the classroom at that time. A. know; was

　　B.?knows; was

　　C. know; were

　　D. knows; were C D B police; people; cattle, poultry; militia; vermin

　　1. The policeman ______ standing at the street corner. The police _____ searching for him. A. are; is

　　B. are; are

　　C. is; are

　　D. is; is

　　三、集体名词谓语动词用复数情况： 2.

　　there any police around? A. Am

　　B. Is

　　C. Are

　　D. Be

　　C C 四、集体名词谓语动词用单数情况： machinery; equipment; furniture; merchandise; clothing 五、集体名词谓语动词视具体情况而定： family; team; class; group; population; audience; government; public; committee; crew; company; enemy; party; 如果作为一个整体看待，谓语用单数； 如果指集体里每一个成员，谓语用复数。 His family ______ all very well. His family _______ a “ five good” one. A. are; is

　　B. is; is

　　C. are; are

　　D. is; are

　　A The population of the earth _____ increasing fast. One third of the population here _____ workers. A. is; are

　　B. is; is

　　C. are; is

　　D. are; are

　　The football team

　　being recognized. The football team

　　having baths. A 六、并列结构作主语时谓语用复数 Reading and writing are very important. 当主语由and连结时，如果它表示一个单一的概念，即指同一人或同一物时，谓语动词用单数，and 此时连接的两个词前只有一个冠词。 The League secretary and monitor

　　asked to make a speech at the meeting. A. is

　　B. was

　　C. are

　　D. were B The father and writer______ easy-going. (be) All work and no play ________ Jack a dull boy. (make)

　　Bread and butter __________ western food. (be) 七、单复数同形的词的主谓一致 sheep; deer; fish; Chinese; Japanese; means; works; crossroads; species; series; headquarters 当a/such a/this/that修饰时，谓语用单数； 当all/such/these/those修饰时，谓语用复数。 Chinese _____ not so difficult to learn. The Chinese people ________ brave and hard working.

　　A. is; is

　　B. are; is

　　C. is; are

　　D. are; are C 八、与后接名词或代词保持一致： 分数+of； 百分数+of； some of; part of; half of; a lot of; lots of; plenty of; most of; the rest of

　　+可数名词复数/不可数名词，谓语动词取决于后接名词或代词的数 1. Most of the students _____ boys. Most of his money _____ spent on books. A. are; is

　　B. is ; is

　　C. are; are

　　D. is; are 2. One sixth of our classmates _____ from peasant families. One fifth of her time ____ devoted to writing. A. comes; is

　　B.?come; are

　　C. come; is

　　D. comes; are 3. Only 10 percent of the students in the class _____ League members. About 40% of Jim’s income ________ to the rent (租金).

　　A. are; goes

　　B. are; go

　　C. is; goes

　　D. is; go A C A 九、一些总是以复数形式出现，成双成对的事物的主谓一致情况： trousers; shoes; glasses; gloves; shorts; scissors; scales; chopsticks; compasses

　　如单独出现，谓语用复数； 如果前面有a/this/that pair of修饰，谓语用单数。 The glasses ______ mine. That pair of glasses _____ my brother’s. A. are; is

　　B. are; are

　　C. is; are

　　D. is; is

　　A 十、如果主语是由“a series of, a kind of, a portion of, a pile of, a panel of, the kind of, the type of, a range of, a bunch of, a sort of，a pair of, a piece of 等 + 名词”构成时，谓语动词一般用单数形式。 This kind of snakes _____ very dangerous. These kinds of metal _____ hard to find. A. is; is

　　B. are; is

　　C. is; are

　　D. are; are 若kind, sort, type之前的限定词是these, those, of后为复数，谓语用复数。

　　C 十一、主语由each, every, no等词修饰时，谓语用单数； 即使用and , or连接多个并列主语，谓语动词也用单数。 each + n. and each + n. every + n. and every + n. no + n. and no + n.

　　谓语用单数 Every man worker and every woman worker _____ free medical care. At Christmas each boy and each girl _____ given a present.

　　A. enjoy; is

　　B. enjoy; are

　　C. enjoys; is

　　D. enjoys; are

　　C many a more than one

　　Many a man ______ seen the wonderful film. Many men _____ seen the wonderful film. A. has; has

　　B. has; have

　　C. have; has

　　D. have; have

　　+ 单数名词

　　谓语用单数

　　B 十二、以s结尾的名词的主谓一致 arms; clothes; contents; fireworks; goods; minutes; morals; remains; stairs; suburbs; thanks; wages,谓语用复数。 mathematics; physics; economics; gymnastics; the news，谓语用单数。

　　The news at six o’clock _____ not true. Those pieces of news _____ to be broadcasted. A. are; is

　　B. are; are

　　C. is; are

　　D. is; is

　　C

　　Her clothes ____ nearly worn out. His physics ______ weaker than others.

　　A. is; is

　　B. are; is

　　C. is; are

　　D. are; are

　　B 十三、主语是表示时间、距离、金钱、重量、度量、容量、数学运算等复数名词或短语时，通常当作一个整体概念，谓语用单数形式。 Five hundred dollars ______ more than he can afford.

　　A. is

　　B. are The United Nations ___ trying to persuade the two countries.

　　A. is

　　B. are Three kilometers ____ not a long distance.

　　A. is

　　B. are

　　A

　　A A 作主语的名词被the number of所修饰时，谓语用单数。 主语是a variety of,

　　a number of + 名词复数，动词要用复数。 以-s结尾的姓氏作主语时，表示一家人，谓语用复数。 以-s结尾的山脉、瀑布、群岛、体育球队及乐队名称作主语时，谓语用复数。 The Blacks are living in New York. The Browns __________also invited.(be) Niagara Falls _______ very grand. (be) The Beatles _______ still popular. (be) 主语为what 从句时，谓语动词的数取决于从句的实际意义。 What he does is not important. 他做的事情并不重要。 What I say and think are no business of yours. 我说什么、想什么不关你事。 从句、动名词、动词不定式等作主语时，一般表示某一概念，谓语动词用单数形式。 To say something _______ one thing, to do it _____ another.

　　A. is; is

　　B. are; are Reading English magazines and novels ____ helpful to your study of English. A. is

　　B. are

　　A

　　A 某些形容词，如poor, rich, old, young, good, bad, blind, deaf等加上定冠词the表示某一类人时，谓语动词用复数形式。 The poor are very happy, but the rich are sad. The wounded were taken to hospital. The young ________ full of vigor. 在定语从句中，谓语动词的数取决于先行词的数： 在"one of +复数名词+定语从句"结构中, 定语从句中谓语动词的单、复数形式一般采用复数形式, 但当one之前有the only等限定词和修饰词语时, 即采用单数形式。 David is one of those boys who go out of their way to be helpful. David is the only one of those boys who goes out of his way to be helpful. 在强调句型中，谓语动词的数取决于被强调部分的数： It is I who am wrong. 是我错了。 each 做主语同位语时，谓语由主语来决定和each无关 Each student ____ got an English- Chinese dictionary. The students each ______ a dictionary. A. have; has

　　B. has; have

　　C. have; have

　　D. has; has

　　B 代词each和由every, some, no, any等构成的复合代词做主语；或主语中含有each, every,谓语需用单数。 more than…of,做主语时，谓语应与其后的名词或代词保持一致。

　　More than 60%of the students

　　from the city. (be)

　　are the following 做主语时，谓语动词的数与后面名词的数保持一致。 The following

　　good examples. (be)

　　are --ings结尾的名词，clippings (剪下物), diggings, earnings, filings (锉屑)，lodgings， surroundings, sweepings, 谓语通常用复数。

　　两数相减或相除，谓语用单数； 两数相加或相乘，动词可用单数，也可用复数。 Forty minus fifteen

　　twenty-five. (leave) Forty divided by eight

　　five. (be) Seven and five

　　twelve. (make) Five times eight

　　forty. (be) 1. –Anything special in today’s newspaper?

　　--Yes. “Confidence is most important than gold” by Premier Wen

　　as a headline in many of today’s newspapers. A. is used

　　B. are used

　　C. has used

　　D. have used 2. Either you or one of your students

　　to attend the meeting that is due tomorrow. A. are

　　B. is

　　C. have

　　D. be 3. Dr. Smith, together with his wife and daughters,

　　visit Beijing this summer. A. is going to

　　B. are going to

　　C. was going to

　　D. were going to

　　A

　　B

　　A 4. Max, along with the three men,

　　to represent the union at the meeting. A. is

　　B. are

　　C. be

　　D. to be 5. John is the only one of the students in the class that never

　　a mistake even when it is pointed to him. A. admit making

　　B. admits making C. admit to make

　　D. admits to make 6. The number of people invite

　　fifty, but a number of them

　　absent for different reasons. A. were; was

　　B. was; was

　　C. was; were

　　D. were; were

　　A B

　　C 7. Personally I think it is the sales manager, rather than the sales girl,

　　to blame. A. is

　　B. that is

　　C. are

　　D. who are 8. Every man and woman working here

　　along with me. A. are getting

　　B. get

　　C. is got

　　D. is getting 9. The old

　　well looked after by the government. A. is

　　B. are

　　C. being

　　D. has

　　B

　　D

　　B 10. How close parents are to their children

　　a strong influence on the character of the children. A. have

　　B. has

　　C. having

　　D. to have

　　B 12.Tom is the only one of the students who

　　to France.. A. has been

　　B. have been

　　C. had been

　　D. has being

　　D

　　A 13. To drive well and

　　within the speed limits

　　necessary in today’s traffic. A. staying/are

　　B. to stay/are

　　C. to stay/is

　　D. staying/are 14. What matters

　　not winning but participating.. A. are

　　B. to be

　　C. was

　　D. is 15. Neither of the young men who had applied for a position in the University

　　. A. has been accepted

　　B. have been accepted

　　C. was accepted

　　D. were accepted

　　C

　　D

　　C