江苏省南京师范大学附属实验学校2017届高三英语语法专题复习讲义13

　　It is said that dogs will keep you ______for as long as you want when you are feeling lonely. (06江西卷)

　　A. safety

　　B. company

　　C. house

　　D．friend

　　For all these years I have been working for others．I’m hoping I’ll ____my own business someday. (06江西卷)

　　A. turn up

　　B．fix up

　　C. set up

　　D．make up

　　The computer system _____suddenly while he was searching for information on the Internet.

　　(06辽宁卷)

　　A. broke down

　　B. broke out

　　C. broke up

　　D. broke in

　　After he retired from office, Rogers ____ painting for a while, but soon lost interest.

　　(06山东卷)

　　A. took up

　　B. saved up

　　C. kept up

　　D. drew up

　　A clean environment can help the city bid for the Olympics, which ____ will promote its economic development. (06山东卷)

　　A. in nature

　　B. in return

　　C. in turn

　　D. in fact

　　My sister was against my suggestion while my brother was_____ it.

　　(06陕西卷)

　　A. in favour of

　　B. in memory of

　　C. in honour of

　　D. in search of

　　With no one to____ in such a frightening situation, she felt very helpless. (06陕西卷)

　　A. turn to

　　B. turn on

　　C. turn off

　　C. turn over

　　— The boss said we had only three days to finish the work.

　　— Don't worry. We have already______ two thirds of it.

　　(06四川卷)

　　A. Set down

　　B. got through

　　C. given in

　　D. given away

　　Most of us know we should cut down on fat, but knowing such things isn’t much help when it______shopping and eating.

　　(06天津卷)

　　A. refers to

　　B. speaks of

　　C. focuses on

　　D. comes to

　　We’re trying to ring you back, Bryan, but we think we _____ your number incorrectly.

　　(06浙江卷)

　　A. looked up B. took down

　　C. worked out D. brought about

　　I would like a job which pays more, but ______ I enjoy the work I’m doing at the moment.

　　(06浙江卷)

　　A. in other words B. on the other hand

　　C. for one thing D. as a matter of fact

　　----How are you managing to do your work without an assistant? (06重庆卷)----Well，Isomehow.

　　A. get along         B. come on

　　C. watch out         D. set off

　　I was still sleeping when the fire _____, and then it spread quickly.

　　(06广东卷)

　　A. broke out

　　B. put out

　　C. came out

　　D. got out

　　Much of the power of the trade unions has been lost _____, their political influence should be very great.

　　A. As a result

　　B. As usual

　　C. Even so

　　D. So far

　　We went to Canada to travel and my cousin ______ as our guide. （05湖南）

　　A. played

　　B. showed

　　C. acted

　　D. performed

　　Part 2 Grammar: 强调句及It用法

　　I Analysis

　　一. 强调句

　　It was with great joy ___he received the news that his lost daughter had been found. (2004 福建)

　　A. because B. which C. since D. that

　　强调句型的陈述句：It is/ was + 被强调部分（通常是主语、宾语或状语）+ that/ who（当强调主语且主语指人）+ 其它部分。

　　I met Li Ming at the railway station yesterday.强调主语：It was I that (who) met Li Ming at the railway station yesterday.

　　It was Li Ming that I met at the railway station yesterday.

　　It was at the railway station that I met Li Ming yesterday.

　　It was yesterday that I met Li Ming at the railway station.

　　2、一般疑问句的强调句型：同上，只是把is/ was提到it前面。e.g. Was it yesterday that he met Li Ping?

　　3、特殊疑问句的强调句型：被强调部分（通常是疑问代词或疑问副词）+ is/ was + it + that/ who + 其它部分？e.g. When and where was it that you were born?

　　5、注意：构成强调句的it本身没有词义；强调句中的连接词一般只用that, who，即使在强调时间状语和地点状语时也如此，that, who不可省略；强调句中的时态只用两种，一般现在时和一般过去时。原句谓语动词是一般过去时、过去完成时和过去进行时，用It was … ，其余的时态用It is … 。

　　6. not … until … 句型的强调句

　　It was ___back home after the experiment. (2004 湖北)A. not until midnight did he go

　　B. until midnight that he didn’t goC. not until midnight that he went

　　D. until midnight when he didn’t go

　　1、句型为：It is/ was not until + 被强调部分 + that + 其它部分

　　e.g. 普通句：He didn’t go to bed until/ till his wife came back.

　　强调句：It was not until his wife came back that he went to bed.

　　2、注意：此句型只用until，不用till。但如果不是强调句型，till, until可通用；因为句型中It is/ was not … 已经是否定句了，that后面的从句要用肯定句，切勿再用否定句了。

　　二．谓语动词的强调

　　1、It is/ was … that … 结构不能强调谓语，如果需要强调谓语时，用助动词do/ does或did。

　　e.g. Do sit down. 务必请坐。He did write to you last week. 上周他确实给你写了信。

　　2、注意：此种强调只用do/ does和did ，没有别的形式；过去时用did ，后面的谓语动词用原形。

　　三．It 用法

　　1.It is important (necessary, right, strange, natural…) that…

　　该句型和上一句同属一个句型。由于主句中的形容词不同，that后的从句中要用虚拟语气（should+动词原形）should 可以省去。建议记住该句型中的形容词。

　　It is important that we (should) learn English well. It is necessary that he (should) remember these words.

　　2. It is said (reported, learned)/ suggested (ordered…) that…

　　该句型主句中的过去分词是表示请求、建议、命令等词时，that后的从句要用虚拟语气 （should+动词原形）。可以省略，常译为“据建议；有命令……”

　　It is suggested that the meeting (should) be put off.

　　It was ordered that we (should) arrive there in two hours.

　　3. It is a pity (a shame…) that …

　　在该句型中，that后的从句一般用虚拟语气（should+动词原形），should可以省去，表示出乎意料，常译为“竟然”。没有这种意义时，则不用虚拟语气。

　　It is a pity that such a thing (should) happen in your class.这种事竟然发生在你们班上，真是遗憾。

　　4. It is time (about time, high time) that…

　　该句型中that后的从句应该用虚拟语气，值得注意的是：常用过去时态表示虚拟，有时也用should+动词原形，should 不能省。常译为“是（正是）……的时候……”

　　It is time that children should go to bed.=It is time that children went to bed.

　　5. It is the first (second, …)time that…

　　该句型应和上一个句型区别开来。该句型中不用虚拟语气，而用完成时态。至于用哪种完成时态，由主句的谓语动词的时态来决定。如果是一般现在时，从句用现在完成时态；如果是一般过去时，从句则用过去完成时态。该结构中that可以省去；it有时用this替换，常译为“是第一（二,…）次…”。

　　6. It is …since…

　　该句型主要用作处理瞬间动词的完成时，要和表示一段时间的时间状语连用。主句中是时间作表语，其时态是现在时和完成时，引导的从句通常是一般过去时态，而且是瞬间动词。如果主句是一般过去时，从句则用过去完成时。It is almost five years ___we saw each other last time. (2005 北京)

　　A. before

　　B. since

　　C. after

　　D. when

　　7. It be…before…

　　该句型主句中的it指时间，主句中的时态常是一般将来时或过去时两种时态，主句中的表语多是long ,not long ,3 days, 2 weeks等表示时间段的词和短语。常译为“…之后才”，“没过……就……”

　　It was 3 days before he went to Beijing.

　　It will not be long before he finishes his job.

　　8. It happens (seems, looks, appears) that…

　　该句型中的it 是形式主语，that 引导的是主语从句，主句中的happen, seem等词是不及物动词。

　　It happened (so happened) that he met his teacher in the street. (碰巧……)

　　The Foreign Minister said, “___our hope that the two sides will work towards peace.” (2004北京)

　　A. This is B. There is C. That is D. It is

　　9．It is no good (use) doing sth.该句型中的真正主语是动名词短语，主句中的表语可以是 no good (not any good), no use (not any use ).

　　It is no good learning English without speaking English.

　　10. We think it important to learn a foreign language.

　　该句型中的it作形式宾语。为了记忆方便我们可称该句型为“7123结构”. 7指主句中的常用的动词：think, believe, make, find, consider, feel, take. 1指的是形式宾语it . 2指的是宾补的两种形式：形容词和名词3指的是真正宾语的三种形式：不定式短语，动名词短语或that引导的宾语从句。

　　We think it our duty to clean our classroom every day.

　　-Do you like ____here?-Oh, yes .The air, the weather, the way of life. Everything is so nice. (2004 全国卷二)

　　A. this

　　B. these

　　C. that

　　D. it II Practice

　　It was in New Zealand ___ Elizabeth first met Mr. Smith. 2008年全国（II）

　　A. that

　　B. how

　　C. which

　　D. whenIt was along the Mississippi River _____ Mark Twain spent much of his childhood. 2008年天津卷

　　A. how

　　B. which

　　C. that

　　D. where

　　It was not until midnight

　　they reached the camp site.重庆

　　A. that

　　B. when

　　C. while

　　D. as

　　It _____ we had stayed together for a couple of weeks ____ I found we had a lot in common. 2007年浙江卷

　　A. was until; when

　　B. was until; that

　　C. wasn’t until; when

　　D. wasn’t until; that

　　It is not who is right but what is right ______ is of importance.

　　2007年重庆卷A. which

　　B. it

　　C. that

　　D. this

　　It is imagination

　　makes the world colorful, full of vigor and vitality. 2007上海春季招生 A．where B．what

　　C．that D．when

　　---Where did you get to know her? ---It was on the farm

　　we worked. A．that

　　B．there C．which

　　D．where

　　I don’t mind her criticizing me, but

　　is how she does it that I object to.

　　A. it

　　B. that

　　C. this

　　D. which

　　It was after he got what he had desired ______he realized it was not so important.

　　(辽宁卷)

　　A. that

　　B. when

　　C. since

　　D. as

　　It was not until she got home _____ Jennifer realized she had lost her keys.

　　　(全国二)　

　　A. when B. that C. where D. before

　　I just wonder ____ that makes him so excited.

　　(山东)

　　A. why it does

　　B. what he does

　　C. how it is

　　D. what it is

　　It wasn't until nearly a month later______ I received the manager's reply .　 （05全国II）　

　　A．since

　　B．when

　　C．as

　　D．that

　　--- ______ that he managed to get the information?　 （05山东）--- Oh, a friend of his helped him.

　　A. Where was it 　B. What was it C. How was it 　D. Why was it

　　It was only with the help of the local guided ____.

　　(04上海春招)

　　A. was the mountain climber rescued

　　B. that the mountain climber was rescued

　　C. when the mountain climber was rescued

　　D. then the mountain climber was rescued

　　It was with great joy _______he received the news that his lost daughter had been found.

　　(04福建)

　　A．because B．which C．since D．that

　　1 have always been honest and straightforward, and it doesn't matter ______ I'm talking to. (04广东)

　　A. who is it

　　B. who it is

　　C. it is who

　　D. it is whom

　　Why! I have nothing to confess. _______ you want me to say?

　　(04上海)

　　A. What is it that

　　B. What it is that

　　C. How is it that

　　D. How it is that

　　It was ______back home after the experiment .

　　(04湖北)

　　A．not until midnight did he go 　

　　　B．until midnight that he didn't go

　　C．not until midnight that he went D．until midnight when he didn't go

　　It was because of bad weather ____ the football match had to be put off. (2003上海春)

　　A. so

　　B. so that

　　C. why

　　D. that

　　It is these poisonous products ____ can cause the symptoms of the flu, such a headache and aching muscles.

　　A. who

　　B. that

　　C. how

　　D. what

　　—He was nearly drowned once.—When was __?—___was in 1998 when he was in middle school.

　　A. that; It

　　B. this; This

　　C. this; It

　　D. that; This

　　It was for this reason ____her uncle moved out of New York and settled down in a small village. (2001上海春)

　　A．which B．why C．that D．how

　　It was how the young man had learned five foreign languages _attracted the audience’s interest. (2000上海春)

　　　A. so that

　　B. that

　　C. what

　　D. in which

　　A. He is said

　　B. It is said

　　C. It says

　　D. It was said

　　25.______ she was free on Monday morning,

　　A. That happened

　　B. It is happened that

　　C. It happened to

　　D. It happened that

　　26.___three years since he joined the army.

　　A. That is

　　B. It is

　　C. This is

　　D. It was

　　27. ________is good ___you to have taken good care of your classmates.

　　A. This; to

　　B. It; for

　　C. That; it

　　D. It; of

　　28. What a long way ____________!

　　A. it is

　　B is it

　　C. is that

　　D. This is

　　29.The doctor thought ___________would be good for you to have a holiday.（10全国Ⅱ）

　　A. this

　　B. that

　　C. one

　　D. it

　　30.The fact that she was foreign made _____difficult for her to get a job in that country（10辽宁）

　　A so

　　B. much

　　C. that

　　D. it

　　31（2011四川卷）15. Was it on a lonely island ______ he was saved one month after the boat went down?

　　A. where

　　B. that

　　C. which

　　D. what

　　32（2011陕西卷）23.It is not how much we do but how much love we put into what we do______benefits our work most.

　　A. who

　　B. which

　　C. that

　　D. what

　　33.（2011重庆卷）—Have you seem the film Under the Hawthorn Tree?

　　— Of course, I have. It was in our village ___ it was made.

　　A.that

　　B.where

　　C.when

　　D.which

　　34.(2011湖南卷It’s not what we do once in a while ______ shapes our lives, but what we do consistently

　　A .which

　　B. that

　　C. how

　　D. when

　　35（2011全国卷II）Jane won’t join us for dinner tonight and

　　.

　　A. neither won’t Tom

　　B. Tom won’t either

　　C. Tom will too

　　D. so will Tom

　　36.（2011江苏卷）33. It sounds like something is wrong with the car’s engine._______, we’d better take it to the garage immediately.

　　A. Otherwise

　　B. If not

　　C. But for that

　　D. If so

　　Part 3 综合能力训练

　　Some people succeed, while others may not. This is because some people possess certain qualities, which others do not.

　　The first thing you must remember is that in order to succeed, you must be optimistic. If you do not expect to win, you will not try as hard as those who do expect to win. You also need to have a clear aim and a reason for doing something because motivation is a key to achieving success. If you do not have an aim, then you will not be motivated to work hard and put your performance under the microscope to make sure that every detail is right.

　　Another quality that helps people succeed is creativity---thinking about things in a different way and wondering how others would do the same thing. Think about some successful people you know. They might be successful with a little creativity, but the most successful people are the most creative ones.

　　Reading is another to success, as it will help you learn about how other people have achieved success. If you want to learn how to set up a successful business, you should read books about people like Bill Gates and Jerry Yang, who have achieved amazing success in their areas of business.

　　Practicing is equally important if you want to success because practice makes perfect. Practise every day at whatever career you are in, and by doing so, you will see yourself, your business and your self-confidence begin to grow. If you feel confident about what you do, this confidence will make other people believe in you as well. Your colleagues will be happy to work with you, and your boss will give you more responsibility. Finally if you are a successful person, you will be able to look people in the eye and smile confidently.

　　Success is yours for the taking! Cheers!

　　Title ____71____

　　Certain qualities Supporting details

　　____72____ ●Try hard ___73_____ people who do expect to win.

　　●Have a clear aim and a reason for doing something because a key to achieving success is ___74_____

　　Creativity ●____75____about things in a different way.

　　●Study how other people would do the ____76____ thing.

　　 Reading ●Help you know about how ____77____ have achieved success.

　　●Read books about ____78____ people such as Bill Gates and Jerry Yang to encourage yourselves.

　　Practising ●____79____ the saying “practice makes perfect.”

　　●Believe in yourself and do what you want to do ____80____.

　　参考答案

　　Part 1 Phrase: BCAAC

　　AABDB

　　BAACC

　　Part2

　　ACADC

　　CDAAB

　　DDCBD

　　BACDB

　　ACBDB

　　ACB

　　29.答案：D解析：考查It的用法。It的两个重要用法是作形式主语和形式宾语。本题考查形式宾语，it在这里代指后面的真正宾语to have a holiday。

　　30. 答案：D句意：她是外国人的事实使得她在哪个国家很难找到工作。解析：考查it的用法。句中for her to get a job in that country是动词不定式的复合结构做made的宾语，difficult是宾语补足语，此处要用it做形式宾语，其他词没有这种用法。

　　31. BCABBD

　　Part3

　　71.Success   72.Optimism   73. like    74. motivation 

　　75.Think     76.same       77.others   78.famous79.Understand / Master     80.confidently