2017届高考英语一轮复习课件：必修5 Unit4《Making the news》（新人教版福建专用）

　　在学会写句的基础上，就可以开始学习如何将句子有序地连贯起来，这就组成了段落。段落是构成语篇的基础。 1. 段落的基本结构

　　段落(Paragraph)是由阐述同一主题紧密相关的若干句子组成，是一则语意完整、和谐统一的语篇。一般说来，一个段落由3部分组成：主题句、扩展句和结论句。主题句提出论述的主题，扩展句利用必要的细节对主题加以论证说明，结论句总结全文，在论证的基础上得出结论。三者相辅相成，按逻辑顺序安排句子，并通过一些过渡句，构成一篇完整的短文。 On Safety

　　①Accidents are today's most frequent cause of death in Children. ②Accidents occur to children in all sorts of places — at home, on the street, at school, on public playgrounds, at places to swim, and on camping trips. ③There are now many more chances for accidents than there used to be.

　　④Automobiles, power tools, electric wiring, and easy ways of starting fire are some examples. ⑤Most accidents are caused by carelessness. ⑥A great deal of effort should be taken to let children know the importance of safety. ⑦Safety is everyone's business. On Safety

　　分析：在这一段落中，句①即为主题句，阐述段落的中心思想；句②，③，④，⑤和⑥为发展句，列举原因、例子等来丰富和阐明中心思想；句⑦为结尾句，与主题句相呼应，概括该段落的真正含义。 2. 段落的主题句

　　主题句(Topic sentence)概括段落的主要内容，交代下文欲加以说明、解释、论证的观点，限制着主题在段落中讨论的范围、文章发展的模式，是整个段落的纲领。 3. 段落的扩展句

　　扩展句(Supporting sentence)的作用是丰富、支持、扩展主题句的内涵。扩展部分的阐述要透彻，证明要充分，举例有条理，符合思想逻辑。扩展句的表达形式多种多样，可以按时间或空间顺序，从整体到局部或从局部到整体的方法进行叙述、描写、说明或议论，也可用比较、对比、比喻、推导、归纳、演绎等手段来展现。扩展句须服从主题表达的需要，不应该涉及与主题无关或关系较远的内容。 4. 段落的结论句

　　结论句(Concluding sentence)也称总结句，它标志着段落的结束，自然应位于一段的结尾。结论句可用来重述主题、提供问题的解决方式，对未来进行预测，提出问题让读者思考，或对全段内容加以概述。结论之前常会出现in short, in a word, therefore等词语。但并非所有的段落都需要结论句，有的也可采用自然结束的方式。

　　结论句在注意总结与呼应主题句的基础上，用一个短短的感叹句、问句、概括句、比喻句、挑战性的话或一句名言将全段“拔高”一下，效果会更好。 参阅下面主题句与结论句呼应的例子： 主题句： Only a mother's love is selfless love！结尾句： What great love this is！ ① ② 主题句： Life is limited, but knowledge is boundless. 结尾句： How important it is to read good books！

　　从以上的例子，我们可以清楚地看出主题句和结论句的关系，结论句在意思上和主题句保持一致，与主题句紧密呼应，但又不是简单的重复。例①运用感叹句，能起到强化主题思想的作用，给读者留下较深的印象。 结论句并非必不可少，但它能起到以下的作用： (1)表示段落的结束； (2)总结要点，与主题句相呼应； (3)使读者就本段落的主要内容和见解有一个深刻的印象或进行思考。 Ⅰ.阅读下面一个段落，指出段落的三个主要结构 Life in the 22nd Century

　　①Life in the 22nd century will be very interesting. ② Perhaps we can go on a holiday to the moon, and some scientists may live under the sea. ③ Maybe we will have video telephones in every home.④ When we talk on the phone, we'll be able to see the person at the other end of the line. ⑤ Perhaps we will have a computer in every classroom. Ⅰ.阅读下面一个段落，指出段落的三个主要结构 ⑥ It would be able to help us do a lot of things such as solving difficult problems, reviewing our lessons, and doing our homework. ⑦ Perhaps some children won't need to go to school every day because there will be more educational programs on radio and television. ⑧ Maybe at that time every family will have a robot and it can do many kinds of housework for us.

　　Ⅰ.阅读下面一个段落，指出段落的三个主要结构 ⑨ Then what will we do with our extra time? ⑩ I think we may have more time to study and learn how to use and control these machines. ⑪Well, let's look at what wonderful life we will enjoy in the 22nd century. 答案

　　在这一段中，①为主题句，阐述段落的中心思想；②, ③, ④, ⑤, ⑥, ⑦, ⑧, ⑩为扩展句，列举事例来丰富和阐明中心思想；⑪为结论句，与主题相呼应，概括该段落的真正含义；⑨为过渡句。 Ⅱ.从下面方框内选择适当的过渡词填入空白处 because of， first， second， as a result， therefore， finally， in addition

　　In the past twenty years or so, great advances have taken place in the world. _______, we have seen one of the most important advances in agriculture — the Green Revolution. ___________ this advance we can now produce more food with less land. ________， industry has been made more and more automatic.

　　Second First Because of Ⅱ.从下面方框内选择适当的过渡词填入空白处 because of， first， second， as a result， therefore， finally， in addition

　　__________, few and few people are needed to operate factories and offices. ___________, to explore the unknown world, more and more satellites have been launched and more and more astronauts have been sent into outer space. In addition Therefore Ⅱ.从下面方框内选择适当的过渡词填入空白处 because of， first， second， as a result， therefore， finally， in addition

　　________, new products of all kinds have been produced. __________, our life has become much better and much comfortable. As a result Finally Ⅲ.运用因果关系手法，用所给主题句将下列词或短语组成一个连贯的段落 主题句：As a student, I completely agree with the suggestion that students should have a television lounge(休息室)．

　　(1)necessary — keep pace — current affairs

　　(2)solve the problem — noise in the classroom — because — no other place — relax

　　(3)a good way — have some fun

　　Ⅲ.运用因果关系手法，用所给主题句将下列词或短语组成一个连贯的段落 答案

　　As a student, I completely agree with the suggestion that students should have a television lounge. First, a TV lounge is necessary to those who want to keep pace with current affairs. Second, it can help solve the problem of the noise in the classrooms caused by the students who are chatting and laughing loudly because they have no homework yet no place to go to relax. Ⅲ.运用因果关系手法，用所给主题句将下列词或短语组成一个连贯的段落 答案

　　Indeed, many students want to have a place to relax after a day of hard work. Watching TV is a good way for the students to enrich their spare­time activities and have some fun. As a result, the opening of a TV lounge would be important both to the students who want to have a quiet place to study and to those who want to relax. ⑥ case

　　n.

　　运用case的短语完成下面的情景

　　(3)________, fire broke out because of carelessness. (4)________, remember to keep calm. (5)________ can you jump from the top of a high building, which is dangerous. 答案 (3)As is often the case　(4)In that case　(5)In no case ⑥ case

　　n.

　　运用case的短语完成下面的情景

　　You may call 119 (6)________ emergency and try to take some effective measures before the arrival of rescue team (7)________ you get burnt. 答案

　　(6)in case of　

　　(7)in case

　　根据语境猜词义 (1) She accused him of stealing her watch.

　　(2) Man often accuses nature for his own misfortunes.

　　⑦ accuse v.

　　根据语义找匹配 A. 指责，把……归咎　 B. 指控，控告 A B 短语 accuse sb. of sth. / doing sth.

　　控告某人某事 accuse sb. as…

　　指控某人…… ⑦ accuse v. 链接 accusation n.

　　控告；告发；谴责 accusing adj.

　　指责的；谴责的

　　⑦ accuse v. 辨析

　　accuse / charge

　　accuse意为“指控，指责，谴责，控诉”，不一定指很严重之事，也可用于法律上的控告，多与介词of搭配。

　　charge意为“指控，控告”，是法律上控告的正式用语，对严重行为而言，多与介词with搭配。 ⑦ accuse v.

　　用accuse和charge的适当形式填空

　　Linda lost her ring and (1)________ her roommate Mary with the theft. Mary denied and told Linda that she didn't touch it. Linda was angry and (2)________ Mary of lying. Later the (3)________ was found innocent. Actually, her ring was taken away by a bird because of the open window. 答案

　　(1)charged　

　　(2)accused　

　　(3)accused

　　根据语境猜词义 (1) She demanded to know what was happening.

　　(2) The supply of vegetables falls short of demand this year.

　　(3) “What is that？” the policeman demanded.

　　⑧ demand

　　n. & v.

　　根据语义找匹配 A. 需要，需求　 B. 要求，请求　 C. 查问，盘诘 B A C 短语

　　to do sth.

　　要求做某事 demand

　　of sb. to do sth.

　　要求某人做某事

　　sth. of sb.

　　要求某人某事 in demand (of)

　　需要 (no) demand for…

　　(不)需要 make demands of / on

　　对……提出要求 meet the demand

　　满足需要；符合要求 ⑧ demand

　　n. & v.

　　句型 it is demanded that… (should) do… ⑧ demand

　　n. & v.

　　温馨提示：

　　但凡有“要求”语义的词所带的所有从句都要使用虚拟语气“(should) do sth.”形式，should 可以省略，但动词原形不得改变。英语中有6个动词表示“要求”，它们是demand, require, request, appeal, ask, urge。

　　用正确的介词填空 (1) Medical workers are ________ great demand in the earthquake－stricken areas.

　　(2) Is there any demand ________ teachers in this city? 答案

　　(1) in

　　　(2) for ⑧ demand

　　n. & v.

　　链接 demanding adj. 要求多的， 吃力的 ⑨ thorough

　　adj.

　　根据语境猜词义 (1)You must promise me to take a thorough rest.

　　(2)His work is always very thorough.

　　(3)He is thorough fool!

　　根据语境猜词义 A．十足的；完全的　 B．彻底的；周密的；仔细的　 C．细致的 B C A ⑨ thorough

　　adj. 链接 thoroughly adv.

　　彻底地；周密地；细致地；完全；充分

　　完成句子 (1)演出大获成功。 The play was a _______________ . (2)她把房子彻底打扫了一遍。 She gave the house __________________. thorough success a thorough cleaning

　　根据语境猜词义 (1) The work was done ahead of time.

　　(2) He is always ahead of the age.

　　(3) He's ahead of me in English.

　　⑩ ahead of

　　根据语义找匹配 A. 指时间或空间的，“在……之前”

　　B. “比……强 (高)” (主要用作表语) C. 提前，提早 A C B 短语 go ahead

　　开始，前进，领先 ahead of time

　　提前，提早 ⑩ ahead of

　　请翻译下列划线部分的短语

　　I finished a project several days

　　(1)

　　ahead of the deadline and (2) ahead of me lay a tougher construction project, so I went shopping with my best friend to have a good rest before starting the tougher project. A young boy at the age of 5 (3) walked ahead of us, talking to his mother about his life in the future. His ideas were way (4) ahead of his time.

　　⑩ ahead of

　　答案 (1)在截止日期前　 (2) 在我面前 / 即将面对的是　 (3) 走在我们前面　 (4) 超时代的 / 超前的

　　请翻译下列划线部分的短语 ⑩ ahead of

　　根据语境猜词义 (1) I'm afraid your parents won't approve of your going there.

　　(2) The city council approved the building plans.

　　⑪ approve v.

　　根据语义找匹配 A. 赞成，同意；赞许　 B. 批准；认可

　　A B 链接 approval n.

　　批准，认可，同意，赞同 approved adj.

　　经核准的，被认可的 短语 approve oneself

　　证明自己是…… give one's approval to

　　批准 with approval of

　　经……的批准 ⑪ approve v.

　　⑪ approve v.

　　辨析

　　approve / agree

　　approve 侧重对认为正确或满意的事表示赞同或批准。作不及物动词用时，常与of连用。

　　agree 普通用词，侧重指对某事同其他人有相同的意见或想法，后常用to / with / on。 运用approve的各种用法完成下面的情景

　　Recently, the mayor (1) ______ the non-smoking plan. Smoking (2)_______ (不被同意) in non-smoking area. Even at home, children have the right to (3) _______ (批准)their parents who want to smoke.

　　⑪ approve v.

　　答案

　　(1)approved　(2)is not approved of (3)give their approval to 运用approve的各种用法完成下面的情景 ⑪ approve v.

　　Only (4) _______(经……的批准)

　　the

　　family, one

　　can

　　smoke

　　at

　　home. Hearing the news, I said I fully agreed

　　(5) _________ this plan and my husband totally agreed

　　(6) _________ me (7) __________ the matter of smoking. What good news it is! 运用approve的各种用法完成下面的情景 ⑪ approve v.

　　答案 (4) with the approval of (5) to　

　　(6) with　

　　(7) on

　　⑫ at the moment

　　此刻，此时

　　根据语境感悟用法 (1)She must be in the television studio at the moment.

　　她这会儿肯定在电视录制室。 (2)The market is rather depressed at the moment.

　　现在市场经济相当低迷。 ⑫ at the moment

　　此刻，此时 短语 at any moment

　　立刻，马上 at the last moment

　　在紧要关头，在最后关头 for a moment

　　片刻，一会儿 for the moment

　　暂时，目前 in a moment

　　马上，立刻，一眨眼的工夫 (和将来时态连用) ⑫ at the moment

　　此刻，此时 句型 the moment＋从句　 一……就…… this is the moment to do

　　应该做……的时候；做……的好时机 ⑫ at the moment

　　此刻，此时

　　用moment的相关短语填空 (1)Ask Tom to come at once, for the train is starting ____________.

　　(2)_____________ my car is being made ready for a long journey.

　　(3)This house is big enough for us two ____________, but we'll have to move if we have a baby.

　　in a moment At the moment for the moment

　　①Not only

　　am

　　I

　　interested

　　in photography, but

　　I

　　took

　　an

　　amateur

　　course

　　at

　　university

　　to update my skills. (P26)

　　我不但对摄影感兴趣，而且为了提高摄影技术，我还在大学里参加了一个业余培训班。

　　句中not only…but also连接两个并列句时否定词not 位于句首，因而前一分句应使用倒装语序。

　　not only…but also除了连接两个并列句以外，还可以连接句中两个任何平行的句子成分，当连接两个主语时，谓语依据就近原则和最近的那个主语保持一致。

　　Not only the students but also the head teacher was late for the lecture.

　　注意：not

　　only … but also中的also可以省略而且but also可以用 but…as well替换。 链接

　　具有否定意义的连词如not only…but also…， no sooner…than…(一……就……)，hardly…when…(一……就……)位于句首时只有前一部分使用倒装结构。而not until…(直到……时候才)位于句首时是主句倒装，从句不倒装。注意no sooner …than…； hardly…when…的时态， 即：no sooner和hardly 部分用过去完成时had done, 从句than…和when…用过去时态did。

　　改错 (1) True friends share not our joys but also our sorrows.

　　(2) Not only you but also he are wrong.

　　(3) Not only has he heard of the film, but also has he seen it twice.

　　(4) Hardly had I got to the bus stop when the bus had started. (5) Not until did she speak, had I realized she was foreign.

　　答案 (1)在not后加only　 (2) 把are 改为 is　 (3) 把also 后的has he 改为 he has　 (4) 将when从句中的had 去掉　 (5) 把did she speak 改为 she spoke

　　改错 2017届高考英语一轮复习课件 新人教版福建专用 Unit 4　Making the news ① eager

　　adj.

　　根据语境感悟用法 (1)Mr. Butter was always eager to work.

　　(2)He was eager for information.

　　(3)The head is eager that all workers shall come in time. (4)He listened to the story with eager attention.

　　① eager

　　adj. 1．(作表语)殷切希望；热望 (1)跟不定式表示“想做某事”，如(1) (2)跟for 引导的短语，表示“想得到，盼望”，如(2) (3)跟that 从句，如(3) 2. (作定语)热切的；殷切的，如(4) 链接 eagerly adv. 热切地；殷切地 ① eager

　　adj.

　　完成句子 (1)他很想出名。 He _____________ make a noise in the world.

　　(2)他看了看四周热切的脸庞。 He looked around the circle of _____________. 答案

　　(1)was eager to　

　　(2)eager faces ② concentrate v.

　　根据语境猜词义 (1) I can't concentrate on my studies with all that noise going on.

　　(2) Our population is concentrated in the big cities.

　　根据语义找匹配 A. 集中；聚集　 B. 专注，专心；集中注意力 B A 短语 concentrate sth. on sth. / doing sth.

　　专心致志于某事 /

　　做某事 concentrate on sth.

　　全神贯注， 精神集中于…… concentrate the / one's attention on

　　致力于……；把注意力集中在…… ② concentrate v.

　　链接 concentrated adj. 集中的，紧张的，浓缩的 concentration n. 集中，专心，浓度 ② concentrate v.

　　你知道还有哪些词组也可以表示“专心”？ 答案 focus / fix one's attention on put one's mind / heart in apply oneself / one's mind to be absorbed in…；

　　be lost in； devote oneself to sth.

　　/ doing sth.。 ② concentrate v.

　　用concentrate的适当形式填空

　　The tennis players need total (1) _______ during play. Unless

　　(2)

　　__________

　　on

　　the

　　game, they are easily beaten. But sometimes they are too (3)_______

　　to hit the ball.

　　答案 (1) concentration　(2) concentrating

　　(3) concentrated ② concentrate v.

　　根据语境猜词义 (1) I informed him that I would not be able to attend.

　　(2) If you see anything suspicious, inform the police at once.

　　③ inform v.

　　根据语义找匹配 A. 通知， 告知　 B. 向……报告， 告发 A B 短语 inform sb. of / about

　　通知某人有关…… inform sb. that…

　　通知某人…… keep sb. informed of / about…

　　通知某人……；使某人知道…… be well informed of / about

　　精通某事；对……消息灵通 be informed of…

　　听说；接到……的通知 ③ inform v.

　　答案

　　rob, ask, cure, warn, remind。rob sb. of 抢劫某人某物；ask sb. of 向某人要求某物；cure sb. of 治好某人的疾病； warn sb. of sth. 警告某人某事；remind sb. of sth. 提醒某人某事。 你知道还有哪些动词后接sb. of sth.吗？ ③ inform v.

　　链接 information n. 信息，情报，通知，资料

　　用inform的正确形式填空

　　My boss is on

　　business. Before

　　leaving,

　　he asked me to pay attention to the latest (1) __________ about the new product iPhone. It's said that Jenny is well (2) __________(消息灵通) and one of my tasks was to keep him (3) __________ if Jenny calls me.

　　答案

　　(1) information　(2) informed

　　(3) informed

　　③ inform v.

　　根据语境猜词义 (1) You must make sure of the time and place. (2) Make sure that no one finds out about this.

　　(3) She looked around to make sure that she was alone.

　　④ make sure

　　根据语义找匹配 A. 确保，设法保证

　　B. 查明，核实，弄清(某事属实或已做) B A B 短语 make sure (of sth. / that…)

　　确保，设法保证；查明，核实，弄清 for sure

　　无疑，肯定 be sure of / about

　　确信；确知；肯定；有把握 be sure to do

　　一定；必定；无疑 to be sure

　　(插入语)诚然，固然，无可否认 ④ make sure 根据所给的中文用有关sure的短语填空 (1) We __________ his innocence. (确信) (2) The exhibition _________ be popular. (一定，必定) (3) No one knows __________ what happened. (明确，确定) ④ make sure 答案 (1)are sure of　

　　(2)is sure to　

　　(3)for sure 根据所给的中文用有关sure的短语填空 ④ make sure 答案 (4)make sure　

　　(5)to be sure (4) I think the door's locked, but I'll just go and_______. (确认) (5) He is intelligent, _________, but he's also very lazy. (无可否认)

　　根据语境猜词义 (1) Our success depends on whether everyone works hard.

　　(2) The map is a thing to depend on when you are in a strange place.

　　(3) Depend

　　on it, we shall succeed in time.

　　⑤ depend on

　　根据语义找匹配 A. 依靠，依赖　 B. 视……而定，取决于……　 C. 请放心，没问题 答案

　　(1) B　

　　(2) A

　　　(3) C ⑤ depend on 短语 depend on / upon ＋wh-从句　 视……而定，取决于…… depend on /

　　upon＋ n.

　　依靠，依赖，相信 depend on / upon＋sb. ＋to do

　　指望某人做…… depend on / upon ＋it ＋that…

　　指望…… That (all) depends. / It all depends.

　　(口语)视情况而定(单独使用或置于句首)。 ⑤ depend on

　　完成句子 (1)他指望着你帮助他。 He depends on you _____ _______ _______.

　　(2)我们是否去野餐取决于天气。

　　It ________ _____ ______ ________ _______ we

　　can go out for a picnic.

　　him help to whether weather the on depends ⑤ depend on (3) ——你可以在星期天之前完成这项工作吗？— Can you finish the work before Sunday?

　　——这要看情况。

　　— ______________________ It / That all depends.

　　完成句子 ⑤ depend on ⑥ case

　　n.

　　根据语境猜词义 (1)This is a difficult case to handle.

　　(2)There were seven cases of cholera.

　　(3)The government began at once to investigate the case.

　　(4)In many cases regulations alone will not work.

　　(5)I carry my books in a leather case. ⑥ case

　　n. 根据语义找匹配 A．情况；情形；事例；问题(可数名词)　 B．案情；案件(可数名词)　 C．病例；患者；病情(可数名词)　 D．箱子；盒子 答案

　　(1)A　(2)C　(3)B　(4)A　(5)D ⑥ case

　　n. 链接 in case

　　以防；如果；万一(多跟从句) in case of

　　以防；如果；万一 in the case of

　　……的情况 in no case

　　在任何情况下都不(用于句首构成倒装) in that case

　　如果那样的话 if that's the case

　　如果是这样 ⑥ case

　　n. 链接 as the case may be

　　根据实际(具体)情况 in any case

　　不管怎样 that isn't the case with sb.

　　情况并不如此 such being the case…

　　既然如此…… in many cases

　　很多情况下 in one's case

　　以某人的情况…… ⑥ case

　　n. 温馨提示：

　　当case表示“情景，情形，情况”时，其后的定语从句由where引导，表示“在此情形时……”，可用in which替换where。还有此用法的名词有situation, condition, degree, point等，此时它们表示抽象含义的“地点、地步、阶段、程度”。 ⑥ case

　　n.

　　单项填空 (1)The police officers in our city work hard ________ the rest of us can live a safe life.

　　A. in case

　　B. as if

　　C. in order that

　　D. only if 解析

　　我们城里的警察勤奋工作，为了我们能过上安宁的生活。in order that 为了。 C ⑥ case

　　n.

　　单项填空 (2)Jack wasn't saying anything, but the teacher smiled at him ____he had done something very clever.

　　A. as if

　　B. in case

　　C. while

　　D. though 解析

　　Jack什么也没说，但老师微笑着看着他好像他做了非常聪明的事。 as if 似乎；好像。 A