湖南高考英语复习课件牛津译林版模块必修3《Unit 2 Language》语言

　　37．(2006年山东卷) I’d appreciate________if you would like to teach me how to use the computer. A．that

　　B．it C．this

　　D．you 【解析】　句意为：如果你愿意教我如何用电脑我将不胜感激。表示喜欢、恨等表心理方面的动词如love，like，appreciate，hate等后加上it作形式宾语，再加if/wh-从句作真正宾语。 【答案】　B ?

　　make contributions to 贡献给…… He has made an important contribution to the company’s success.他对公司的成功做出了重要的贡献。

　　23.Whatever we do should________the environment. A．contribute for protecting B．contribute to protect

　　C．contribute to protecting D．contribute in protect 【解析】　句意为：不论我们做什么都应该有利于环境保护。contribute to 有利于，其中to 为介词，后接动名词。 【答案】　C

　　depend on视……而定；依靠 You can depend on Jane—she always keeps her promise. 你可以相信简——她一向是信守诺言的。 Children depend on their parents for all of their material needs. 孩子们依靠父母满足他们所有的物质需要。 I’m depending on you to get this done. 我指望着你把这件事给办了。 We’re depending on him finishing the job by Friday. 我们指望着他在星期五前完成这项工作。

　　depend构成的短语： That depends/It all depends.(口)要看情况而定。 You may depend upon it.(口)肯定无疑；放心好了。 depend on it that...放心…… depend on sb.to do sth.指望着某人做某事

　　24.I’m planning to hold a party in the open air，but I can make no guarantees because it________the weather. A．links with

　　B．depends on

　　C．connects to

　　D．decides on 【解析】　句意为：我打算在户外举行一个聚会，但是我不能保证因为这取决于天气。depend on视……而定；取决于。 【答案】　B

　　have a word with sb与某人说句话 have words with sb 与某人吵架 word用作不可数名词，前面一般不加冠词，表示“消息”“信息”，相当于information/news Could I have a word with you after the meeting? 会后我能和你谈谈吗？ He had words with his wife last night. 昨晚，他和他的妻子吵架了。 Word came that I was needed at home. 有消息传来说家里需要我。

　　in a word总之，一句话 in other words换句话说 keep one’s word守信

　　25.We should keep our________，or he will feel disappointed.

　　A．words

　　B．promises

　　C．word

　　D．B and C 【解析】　句意为：我们应该遵守我们的诺言，否则他会感到失望的。word作为“诺言”解，也是不可数名词，所以B和C都对。

　　【答案】　D

　　access

　　n．进入的道路/能进入，了解或使用 (不可数)

　　have/gain access to sb./sth.有机会得到或接近某人/某物 All the students have access to the library. 所有的学生都可进入图书馆 The only access to the farmhouse is across the fields. 要到那农舍去唯有穿过田地。

　　accessible

　　adj.容易接近的，得到或使用 The books are easily accessible as all the shelves are open. 这些书都很容易看到因为所有的书架都是敞开着的。 Such information is not accessible. 这样的信息不可能得到。

　　26.It is said that in Africa over a third of the population were believed to have no________to health care and advanced education. A．aid

　　B．basis

　　C．belief

　　D．access 【解析】　句意为：据说在非洲超过三分之一的人被认为没机会得到医疗和先进的教育。have/gain access to sb./sth.有机会得到或接近某人/某物。 【答案】　D

　　27．(2009年浙江卷)The system has been designed to give students quick and easy________to the digital resources of the library.

　　A．access

　　B．passage

　　C．way

　　D．approach 【解析】　句意为：这套系统的设计为学生提供了快捷，简单的收索图书馆的数据资料的渠道。A解释为“通道，办法”；B解释为“过道，段落”；C解释为“方法”；D解释为“方法”。 【答案】　A

　　That is why English is a language with so many confusing rules. 那就是为什么英语中有如此多令人迷惑的规则。 (1)why 引导表语从句，充当is 的表语。 The problem was that we couldn’t find a suitable time. 问题是我们找不到合适的时间。 Our school is no longer what it used to be. 我们学校不再是以前的样子了。 That is where Lu Xun once lived. 这是鲁迅曾经生活过的地方。

　　(2)confusing adj.令人迷惑的 This is a confusing word，because it has different meanings. 这是一个令人迷惑的单词，因为它有不同的意思。

　　(1)confused adj.感到迷惑的 I am a little confused about these things. 我对这些事情有点迷惑。 (2)confuse vt.使……迷惑 The road signs confuse the drivers.这路标使司机迷惑。 confuse A with B　把A和B混淆 I often confuse Australia with Austria. 我经常把澳大利亚和奥地利混起来。 (3)confusion n．混淆；混乱；纠纷 The sudden news caused great confusion. 这个突然的消息引发了混乱。

　　28.(2005年江苏卷) The place________the bridge is supposed to be built should be________the cross river traffic is the heaviest. A．which；where

　　B．at which；which C．at which；where

　　D．which；in which 【解析】　句意为：应该造桥的地方必须是渡河最繁忙的地方。第一个从句是定语从句，先行词为the place，从句中缺状语，故排除A、D。第二个从句是表语从句，从句中缺状语，故排除B。此处at which＝where。 【答案】　C

　　29．(2007年上海卷) The traditional view is________we sleep because our brain is “programmed” to make us do so. A．when

　　B．why C．whether

　　D．that

　　【解析】　句意为：传统的观点是：我们睡觉是因为我们的大脑被预置使得我们这样做。此题考查连词引导表语从句。表语从句是名词性从句之一，连词的使用要以连词在从句中所充当的成分而定，连接代词在从句中作主语、表语、宾语，连接副词在从句中作状语，但that，whether，as if，because在表语从句中不充当成分，此表语从句中不缺成分，故选D。

　　【答案】　D

　　30．(2006年全国卷Ⅰ) See the flags on top of the building？That was________we did this morning. A．when

　　B．which C．where

　　D．what 【解析】　句意为：看到楼顶上的那些旗帜了吗？那是我们今天上午干的活。that指“把旗竖(立)起来那件事”。what引导名词性关系从句(表语从句)，在主句中作表语，在从句中作did的宾语。 【答案】　D 31．(2010年长沙调研)You must follow the directions exactly，and if you should become________，you must take the time to go back again and read them over. A．confused

　　B．to be confused

　　C．to confuse

　　D．confusing 【解析】　句意为：你必须严格按照说明，如果你感到迷惑，那你得花时间回到前面再读一遍。confused 是形容词，表示“感到迷惑”，在这里充当become 后的表语。 【答案】　A

　　32．I was greatly________at how he worked out the________problem in a creative way. A．amazed；confused

　　B．amazing；confusing C．amazed；confusing

　　D．amazing；confused 【解析】　句意为：我对他如何用一个很有创造性的方法解出这道令人迷惑的难题感到非常惊奇。amazed 表示“感到惊奇”；confusing 表示“令人迷惑”。 【答案】　C

　　In fact，it is certain that we would not be able to understand it if we heard it today.事实上，如果我们现在听到它，我们是不会懂的，这点是肯定的。 We would not be able to understand it if we heard it today. 条件状语从句中的虚拟语气(非真实条件句)，与现在事实相反。 从句：If＋主语＋动词的过去式(be动词用were) 主句：主语＋should/would/could/might＋动词原形 If I had time，I would attend the meeting. 如果我有时间，我会参加会议的。 If I were you，I should seize the opportunity to go abroad. 如果我是你的话，我会抓住这次出国的机会的。

　　与过去事实相反的假设： 从句：If＋主语＋had＋过去分词 主句：主语＋should/would/could/might＋have＋过去分词 If you had taken my advice，you would not have failed in the exams.如果他听了我建议，你就不会考试不通过了。 与将来事实相反的假设： 从句：①If＋主语＋动词过去式 ②If＋主语＋were to＋动词原形

　　③If＋主语＋should＋动词原形 主句：主语＋should/would/could/might＋动词原形 If you came tomorrow，we would have the meeting. 如果你明天来，我们就开会。 If it were to rain tomorrow，the sports meeting would be put off. 如果明天下雨，运动会就会被推迟。 If he should not come tomorrow，we should put off the meeting till next Monday. 如果他明天不来，我们就把会议推迟到下周一。

　　33.You are late.If you________a few minutes earlier，you________him. A．come；would meet

　　B．had come；would have met C．come；will meet

　　D．had come；would meet 【解析】　句意为：如果你早来几分钟，你就会碰到他。条件句表示与过去事实相反，主句用过去将来完成时，从句用过去完成时。 【答案】　B

　　34．If you________to the teacher carefully yesterday，you________how to do the exercise now. A．had listened；would know B．had listened；would have known C．listened；knew D．listened；would know 【解析】　句意为：如果你昨天认真听了老师的讲话，你现在就知道如何做这道题了。错综虚拟句，主句对现在虚拟，从句对过去虚拟。 【答案】　A

　　When we speak English today，we sometimes find it hard to decide which words or phrases to use. 当我们今天说英语的时候，我们有时候会发现很难决定用什么词或者短语。 it充当形式宾语的用法： 英语中，当宾语为从句，且后面带有宾补时，常用it作形式宾语代替宾语从句，把真正的宾语从句后置。it充当形式宾语，宾语从句后置的情况有下列几种：

　　(1)believe，consider，declare，estimate，fancy，feel，find，guess，hear，imagine，know，make，prove，think，understand等动词接复合宾语(宾语＋宾补)时，要用it作形式宾语，在这种结构中that不可省略。 We find it difficult to finish the work on time. 我们发现按时完成工作很困难。 Lesley thinks it wrong to do such things. Lesley认为做这些事情是不对的。 Do you consider it necessary to send more people to help them? 你觉得派更多的人去帮助他们有必要吗？

　　(2)用于“动词＋宾语＋介词短语”的句型中。

　　Keep it in mind that you have to be home by ten o’clock. 记住你必须在10点前回家。 We took it for granted that Nadia would come. 我们以为Nadia理所当然会来。

　　(3)enjoy，hate，like，love等表“喜怒哀乐”的动词后若跟宾语从句，需用形式宾语it作媒介。 I hate it when people talk with their mouths full. 我讨厌人们满嘴食物时说话。 I like it that everyone passed the exam. 我很喜欢每个人都通过考试。

　　35.(2006年湖南卷) As the busiest woman in Norton，she made________her duty to look after all the other people’s affairs in that town. A．this

　　B．that C．one

　　D．it 【解析】　句意为：作为Norton最忙的一位妇女，她把照顾这个镇里所有人的事务看作她的责任。此题中it是形式宾语，真正的宾语是to look after...；her duty在句中作宾语补足语。本题考查了it作为形式宾语的基本用法。 【答案】　D

　　36．(2007年天津卷) He didn’t make________clear when and where the meeting would be held. A．this

　　B．that C．it

　　D．these 【解析】　他没说清楚会议将于何时、何地举行。依题干句式结构，make后缺形式宾语。四个选项中只有C项it能在句子中作形式主语或宾语。 【答案】　C

　　8.The girl________to be a good dancer if she is well trained in an art school. A．expects

　　B．allows C．wishes

　　D．promises 【解析】　句意为：这个女孩如果在艺术学校里受到良好的训练，很有可能成为一个出色的舞蹈演员。promise有……希望或指望。 【答案】　D

　　9．It________another fine day tomorrow. A．seems

　　B．promises C．appears

　　D．looks 【解析】　句意为：这预示着明天又是一个晴朗天。promise 预示着……。

　　【答案】　B

　　difficulty (1)n.困难；艰难(常用不可数名词) This question is full of difficulty.这个问题困难很多。 Do you have any difficulty with English？你英语上有困难吗？ (2)n.难处；麻烦；困境(常为可数名词) money difficulties 经济拮据

　　have difficulty/trouble/pleasure/fun (in) doing sth.做某事有困难/麻烦/乐趣 have difficulty/trouble with sth.做某事有困难/麻烦 get/run into difficulties 陷入困境 out of a (the) difficulty 摆脱困境，摆脱麻烦 with difficulty困难地；吃力地 without difficulty 容易地，毫不费力地

　　10.Everybody in the little town knew my first teacher，so we had no________finding his home. A．difficulties in

　　B．difficulty with C．difficulty

　　D．difficulty to 【解析】　句意为：镇上每个人都认识我的第一个老师，因此我找到他的房子毫无困难。have no difficulty (in) doing sth.做某事没有困难，此处difficulty 是不可数名词。 【答案】　C

　　11．(2007年辽宁卷)You can’t imagine what difficulty we had________home in the snowstorm. A．walked

　　B．walk

　　C．to walk

　　D．walking 【解析】　句意为：你很难想像我在暴风雪中走回家所遇到的困难。have difficulty in doing sth.其中的in可以省略。而且we had是一个定语从句。

　　【答案】　D

　　set (1)vt.(set；setting) 放(装，设，布)置，竖立，贴，靠，铺，砌；安置，安排 He set the stake in the ground.他将桩子竖在地上。 Please set the box on its end.请把这箱子竖着放。 (2)vt.致使；使处于某种状态，使(某人)做某事 I must set my affairs in order. 我必须使我的事情搞得井井有条。 Why didn’t you set the boy right? 你为什么不纠正那孩子的错误呢？

　　(3)vt.倾注；使下决心；使(鸡)孵卵；种，播，植，栽 He has set himself to learn from her.他决心向她学习。 Nothing in the world is difficult for one who sets his mind to it. 世上无难事，只怕有心人。 (4)vt.镶嵌；点缀；使凝结/固；使牢固；使固定 The sky was set with countless stars.无数星星点缀着夜空。 (5)vt.指定，规定；指定；颁布；估计；树立(榜样)，创造(记录) The heroes set us a noble example. 英雄们给我们树立了崇高的榜样。 (6)vt.分配(任务)，指定(作业)，出题；调整，校正(仪器)；拨准(钟表) Who will set the papers for the examination? 这次考试由谁来命题？

　　set free释放；解放 set forward出发，出动；把钟表时间向前拨，拨快 set aside/apart把……另外存起来，存储，拨出；分开，放在一边，撇开，置之不理 set about开始，着手 set up设立，开创 set off出发，动身；使爆炸，引起；衬托，使更鲜明，使显得美观 set out出发，开始；陈述，阐明，提出(理由)；摆出，陈列，布置

　　12.(2006年江西卷)For all these years I have been working for others.I’m hoping I’ll________my own business someday. A．turn up

　　B．fix up C．set up

　　D．make up 【解析】　句意为：近年来我都是为他人工作，我希望有一天能建立自己的生意。set up设立，开创；turn up找到，出现；fix up修理，解决；make up弥补，化妆。 【答案】　C

　　13．(2004年江苏卷)It’s ten years since the scientist________on his life’s work of discovering the valuable chemical. A．made for

　　B．set out C．took off

　　D．turned up 【解析】　句意为：那位科学家着手发现那有价值的化学制品有10年了。set out开始干，make for向某方向前进，促进，take off起飞，脱下(衣服)；turn up出现，露面，开大(声音)。

　　【答案】　B

　　14．They would________for Guangzhou the next morning and so they went to bed early. A．set out

　　B．set about C．set up

　　D．set to 【解析】　第二天早上他们要动身前往广州，因此他们早早上床睡觉了。set out for 动身前往某地。

　　【答案】　A

　　differ (1)vi.(常与from连用)不同；不像；相异 My brother and I differ in many ways. 我和我兄弟在许多方面都不同。 Nylon and silk differ. 尼龙和丝绸不同。

　　(2)vi.(常与with连用)不同意；意见相左 They differ with each other as to the precise meaning of this article in the contract. 对于合同中这一条款的确切释义他们的看法互不一致。 Jack differed with his father about/on/over the present economic situations at home. 杰克和他的父亲在国内经济形势的看法上发生意见分歧。

　　(1)differ from (with) sb./about (on，over) sth. 不同于，与……有差异 differ in在……方面有区别 (2)different adj.不同的(＋from/than/to)各种的 (3)difference n．差别，差异[C](＋between)；差，差距；差额[C，U](＋between/in)；争论；不和[C] make no difference没有关系；没什么影响 make a difference有影响；很重要 tell the differences between A and B 说出A和B的区别；区分A和B

　　15.The two books have almost nothing in common，that is，they________greatly from each other. A．vary

　　B．differ C．change

　　D．tell 【解析】　句意为：这两本书大不相同。differ from与……不同。

　　【答案】　B

　　16．He tried everything but it made little________. A．use

　　B．good C．difference

　　D．experience 【解析】　句意为：他尝试了一切，但是没有起什么作用。make little difference 不起什么作用。

　　【答案】　C

　　be made up of由……构成、组成 此结构也可以用主动形式make up。 Nine players made up a team. 九名队员组成了一支队。 A team is made up of nine players. 一支队伍是由9名队员组成的。

　　辨析：be made up of，be made of，be made from与be made into be made up of 由……构成；由……组成 be made of 由……制成(能看出原材料) be made from 由……制成(不能看出原材料) be made into 被制成(由原材料到成品) The country is made up of more than 50 islands. 那个国家是由50多个岛屿组成的。 Books are made of paper and paper is made from wood. 书籍是由纸张制成的，而纸是由木材制成的。 Grass can be made into paper.草可以造纸。

　　make up编造；组成；讲和；凑足；化装；铺床 He made up an excuse for his absence. 他为自己的缺席编了一个借口。

　　make up和好/化妆/准备，安排/编造．/弥补，补考/整理(床铺，房间) ①She always makes up carefully before she goes out. 她总是在出去前仔细化妆。 ②Although they quarrel with each other now and then，the husband and his wife make up soon. 尽管他们时而不时地吵架，丈夫和妻子不久就和好了。

　　③He couldn’t explain why he was late and finally made up a story that he had lost his key to his bike.他不能解释他为什么迟到，最后他编造了一个故事说他丢失了自行车的钥匙。 ④My mother asked the seller to make up a box with all kinds of candies in it.

　　我妈让售货员准备了一只里头有各种各样的糖果的盒子。 ⑤Because you were ill，you’ll have to make up the final exam.

　　因为你病了，你不得不要补考期末考试。

　　17.(2005年江苏卷)Everybody in the village likes Jack because he is good at telling and________jokes. A．turning up

　　B．putting up

　　C．making up

　　D．showing up 【解析】　句意为：村子里的每一个人都喜欢杰克，因为他善于编笑话。make up 编(故事、笑话等)。

　　【答案】　C

　　18．Steven has a lot of work to________in the office since he has been away for quite a few days. A．take up

　　B．make up C．work out

　　D．carry out 【解析】　句意为：由于斯蒂芬离开了好几天，所以在办公室他有好多事情要补。make up 此处表示“弥补”的意思。

　　【答案】　B

　　consist of

　　组成，构成，包括，由……组成(无被动态) The United Kingdom consists of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.联合王国包括大不列颠与北爱尔兰。 This soup consists of tomatoes，meat and peas. 这道汤里有西红柿、肉和豌豆。

　　consist in在于 Happiness consists in contentment.(谚语)知足者常乐。 consist with一致，符合 His actions don’t consist with his words.他言行不一。 be made up of ＝ consist of ＝be composed of，由……组成，构成， consist of无被动语态。

　　19.As we all know，the UK________four parts：England，Scotland，Wales and Northern Island. A．is consisted of

　　B．is made up of C．is made of

　　D．consists 【解析】　句意为：众所周知，英国是由英格兰，苏格兰，威尔士和北爱尔兰四部分组成的。be made up of由……构成、组成，consist of 也表示“由……组成”，但是无被动语态。 【答案】　B

　　20．It’s a simple dish to prepare，mainly________rice and vegetables. A．consisting of

　　B．made up for

　　C．made from

　　D．consisting in 【解析】　句意为：这是很容易做的一道菜，主要由米饭和蔬菜组成。consisting of表示“由……组成”。

　　【答案】　A

　　pick up捡起，拿起 He picked up the child and put her on his shoulders. 他抱起孩子让她骑在自己的肩膀上。

　　pick up无意中学会；搭载，接某人；恢复健康；买到 If you go to England you’ll soon pick up English. 如果你去英国，不久就会学会英语。 The car stopped to pick me up.汽车停下来接我。 You’ll soon pick up health when you get to the seaside. 去海边时，不久就恢复健康。 I picked up the book in a secondhand bookstore. 我在二手书店买的这本书。

　　21.As he didn’t have much money，he had to________a second-hand computer for his work. A．pick up

　　B．give up C．look up

　　D．take up

　　【解析】　句意为：他没多少钱，所以只得买个二手电脑用来工作。pick up在这里表示“买到”。give up放弃；look up查找；take up占据，开始从事。 【答案】　A

　　22．You will soon________after your fever goes down. A．bring up

　　B．hold up C．pick up

　　D．take up 【解析】　句意为：在退烧之后你马上就会康复的。pick up 这里表示“恢复健康”。

　　【答案】　C

　　contribute to捐助，捐赠，贡献；投稿；有助于，成为……的原因，其中to是介词。 He contributed to the church.他向教会捐款。 Cigarette smoking is a major factor contributing to cancer. 吸烟是导致癌症的主要因素。 He often contributes to this newspaper. 他经常向这家报社投稿。

　　(2009年福建卷) 某英语报社拟成立“微笑俱乐部”，现向全球征募会员，要求申请者提交一篇题为“I Want to Smile”的英语短文。请你以申请者的身份，根据以下思路图的提示用英语写一篇短文。

　　注意：1.根据思路图适当展开，以使行文连贯； 2．词数：120左右。

　　I Want to Smile ___________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________

　　There are many advantages of smiling . It can not only make us happy，but also please others . If we smile at life，life will smile at us in return . So I want to smile at all whenever and wherever possible.

　　First，I would like to smile at my parents because they have given me life and taken all the trouble to bring me up . They arrange almost everything for me . With their help，I have made great progress . I would like to say “Thank you” to them with a smile . Then my smile should go to myself，for only in this way can I gain more confidence in smiling my troubles away and live a better life.

　　In a word，let’s greet every day with a smile . Tomorrow is another day.

　　Ⅰ.重要单词聚焦 1．___________

　　prep.贯穿；遍及 2．___________

　　adj.

　　令人迷惑的，令人不解的 3．___________

　　n.

　　词汇 4．___________

　　adj.

　　欧洲的；欧洲

　　　n.

　　欧洲人 5．___________

　　vt.

　　创造；创作 6．___________

　　adv.

　　现在，现今 7．___________

　　adj.

　　官方的，正式的

　　throughout

　　confusing

　　Vocabulary

　　european create nowadays official 8．___________

　　vi.& vt.

　　贡献 9．___________

　　vt.

　　替换，代替，取代 10．___________

　　vt.

　　饲养

　　11．___________

　　vt.

　　采用 12．___________

　　adj.

　　现代的；现代化的；时新的 13．___________

　　vt.

　　包括 14．___________

　　n.

　　发音，语音 15．___________

　　n．，vt.& vi.

　　许诺，答应 16．___________

　　vi

　　意见不一，分歧；不一致 17．___________

　　n.

　　标准 　

　　adj.

　　标准的

　　contribute replace raise

　　adopt

　　modern include Pronunciation promise disagree standard 18．_____

　　vt.

　　确定(标准等)，制定(规则等) 19．___________

　　n.

　　部门 20．___________

　　vt.

　　禁止；取缔 21．___________

　　n．，vt.& vi.

　　传播 22．___________

　　vt.& n. 接近，使用；接近的机会，享用权 23．___________

　　vt.

　　代表 24．___________

　　vt.& vi.

　　组合，(使)联合，(使)结合 25．___________

　　vt.

　　简化

　　set department ban spread

　　access represent combine Simplify 26．___________

　　adj.

　　复杂的 27．___________

　　ad

　　最后，最终，终于 28．___________

　　vt

　　反映；反射 29．___________

　　n.

　　符号；象征 30．___________

　　n.

　　相反的事物，相对立的事物 31．___________

　　vt.

　　显示，表示；象征，

　　暗示

　　complex eventually reflect

　　symbol

　　opposite indicate Ⅱ.重点短语扫描 1．___________

　　由……组成，由……构成 2．___________

　　由……组成，由……构成 3．___________

　　拿起，捡起 4．___________ 拿起，举起 5． ___________

　　是……的成因之一 6． ___________

　　控制，取得对……的控制

　　be

　　made

　　up of consist of

　　pick

　　up lift

　　up contribute

　　to

　　take

　　control

　　of 7． ___________

　　视……而定，取决于，依赖于；依靠 8． ___________

　　(在词典或者参考书中)查找 9． ___________

　　关注，关心；在意；担心 10． ___________

　　和……不同，不同于 11． ___________

　　作为整体，总体上 12． ___________

　　(使)变成

　　depend

　　on look

　　up

　　care

　　about

　　differ

　　from as

　　a

　　whole turn

　　into

　　Ⅲ.课文原句突破 1．They________ ________ ________ ________ ________(带着他们的语言)，which also________ ________(混合) Anglo-Saxon. 【答案】　brought with them their languages；mixed with

　　2．Middle English is________ ________ ________ ________(给……的名字)the English used from around the 12th to the 16th century. 【答案】　the name given to

　　3．________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________(很多因素是……发展的原因) this new type of English. 【答案】　Many factors contributed to the development of

　　4．________ ________ ________(尽管这个事实)，French still________ ________ ________ ________(对……有影响)the English language. 【答案】　Despite this fact；had an impact on

　　replace v．取代；代替 George replaced Edward as captain.乔治接任爱德华当队长。 The new city，Brasilia，replaced Rio de Janeiro as the capital of Brazil in 1960.巴西利亚这座新城市于1960年取代了里约热内卢成了巴西的首都。

　　(常与with，by连用)用……代替 It is not a good idea to replace meals with snacks. 正餐吃点心，这并不是什么好主意。 take the place of＝replace代替，取代 Electric trains have now taken the place of steam ones. 电气化火车现已取代了蒸汽火车。

　　1.Our physics teacher was very ill，and another teacher________her. A．in place of　B．took the place

　　C．replaced

　　D．took place 【解析】　句意为：我们的物理老师生重病，另一位老师带他上课。replace＝take the place of 代替，取代。

　　【答案】　C

　　raise (1)vt.(raised，raising) 抬高；举起；提高；增加；招募 He raise his arms above his head.他把手臂举过头顶。 They raised their offer to $ 500. 他们将出价抬高到500美元。 (2)vt.引起；造成；养育；栽培；(常与up连用)提出；建造；建立 These families may raise children as their chief occupation. 这些家庭将抚养孩子作为他们的主要职业。 His absence raise fears about his safety. 他的缺席引起人们对他安全的担心。

　　辨析：raise，rise与arise (1)rise vi.主要指日、月等自然升起；爬起，提升，上升。 Her voice rose higher and higher with excitement. 由于兴奋，她的声音越来越高。 The child rose from the ground and ran to his mother. ＝The child raised himself from the ground and ran to his mother.小孩从地上爬起，朝母亲跑去。 She rises before it is light. 她在天亮之前就起床了。

　　(2)arise vi.出现，发生 Difficulties will arise as we do the work. 在我们工作的时候会出现一些困难。 Accidents can arise from carelessness. 粗心会引起事故。

　　2.When we got to the top of the mountain，the sun________. A．was rising from the east

　　B．has been raised from the east C．has raised from the east

　　D．had risen from the east 【解析】　句意为：当我们到达山顶时，太阳已经从东方升起来了。rise vi.不跟宾语，主要指“日、月等自然升起”。

　　【答案】　D

　　3．There is an important point I want to________. A．lift

　　B．arise C．rise

　　D．raise 【解析】　句意为：我有很重要的一点要提出。raise在此处表示“提出”。

　　【答案】　D

　　adopt (1)vt.收养，领养 The couple are unable to have their own children，so they hope to adopt one.这对夫妻不能生小孩，所以他们希望领养一个。 (2)采用(某方法)；采取(某态度) All three teams adopted different approaches to the problem. 三个队处理这个问题的方法各不相同。 (3)正式通过；采纳(建议、政策等) The council is expected to adopt the new policy at its next meeting. 地方议会有希望在下次会议上正式通过这项新政策。

　　doption n．收养；领养；采用；推选 adoptive adj.收养的，有收养关系的 adopted adj.收养的，领养的

　　4.The resolution was________by a vote of 108 in favor to 10 against it. A．adopted

　　B．received C．accepted

　　D．met 【解析】 　句意为：决议案以180票对10票获得通过。adopt在这里表示“正式通过”。

　　【答案】　A

　　include vt.包括 His duties include guarding against thieves.他的职责包含防范盗窃。 Detailed instructions are included in the booklet. 小册子中有详细的说明。

　　(1)including prep.包括，它构成的短语经常作状语或后置定语。 There are seven people，including four children. 有七个人，其中包括4名儿童。 (2)included是include的过去分词，表示“被包括在内”。 Most shops are open every day，Sunday included. 大部分商店每天都开门，包括星期天在内。

　　5.—Are all the names of your class ________ here? —Yes，all ________ me. A．listed；included

　　B．listing；includes

　　C．listed；including

　　D．being listed；being included 【解析】　句意为：——你班级学生的名字都登记在这里了吗？——是的，包括我在内的所有人的名字。list把……登记，列出。be listed表示登记好的状态，就排除了B、D项。included修饰词语时，要放在修饰词语的后面。 【答案】　C

　　6．This book ________ fourteen units，________two revision units. A．contains；included

　　B．includes；containing C．contains；including

　　D．includes；including 【解析】　句意为：这本书有十四个单元，其中包括两个复习单元。contain包含，侧重“整体内有”，include包括，侧重“被包含者只是整体中的一部分”，including是介词，作状语，表示“(其中)包括”。

　　【答案】　C

　　7．Some students went to the park，a teacher________. A．is included

　　B．including C．included

　　D．to include 【解析】　句意为：一些学生去了公园，还包括一个老师。考查独立主格结构。teacher 与include 之间存在被动关系。a teacher included＝including a teacher。

　　【答案】　C

　　promise (1)vt.答应，许诺；有……希望或指望；预示；(只用于第一人称)断定，保证 They promised us that they would come. 他们答应我们一定会来。 The clear sky promises fine weather.晴朗的天空预示好天气。 (2)n.许诺，诺言；约定；(有)指望，有(成功的)希望；预兆，预示 Remember to carry out your promise.记住要履行诺言。 I claim your promise.我要求得到你答应给的东西。 Clouds give promise of rain.阴云预示着雨的来临。

　　promise sb.sth. promise to do promise sb.to do sth. promise sb.＋that... n．make/keep/carry out/break a promise

　　作出/遵守/履行/违背诺言

　　promising

　　adj有前途的，有出息的，可用做表语或定语 a promising young pianist

　　有前途的青年钢琴家 The results of the first experiment are very promising. 第一次实验的结果充满了希望。