美国数名议员提议退出联合国

本月初，美国数名众议员发起了一项要求美国退出联合国的法案。法案要求终止美国的联合国会员资格，并实际切断与该组织的一切联系。特朗普就职后，法案动向引起全球广泛关注。因为特朗普曾表示，联合国不但没解决问题，还制造问题。如果不能发挥既定功能，就是浪费时间和金钱。

A bill introduced by Alabama Rep. Mike Rogers earlier this month calls on the US to "terminate" its membership in the United Nations and effectively sever all ties with the organization.

阿拉巴马州众议员麦克•罗杰斯本月初提交了一份议案，呼吁美国“终止”其联合国成员国身份，并实际切断与该组织的一切联系。

The bill, titled the American Sovereignty Restoration Act of 2017, was proposed on January 3. It is cosponsored by a handful of Republican lawmakers, including North Carolina Rep. Walter Jones, Arizona Rep. Andy Biggs, Missouri Rep. Jason Smith, Kentucky Rep. Thomas Massie, Tennessee Rep. John Duncan Jr., and Florida Rep. Matt Gaetz.

《2017年美国主权重建法案》于1月3日被提出，由北卡罗莱纳州众议员沃尔特•琼斯、亚利桑那州众议员安迪•比格斯、密苏里州众议员贾森•史密斯、肯塔基州托马斯•梅西、田纳西州众议员小约翰•邓肯、佛罗里达州众议员马特•盖兹等几名共和党议员共同发起。

Biggs said in a statement on Monday that he cosponsored the bill because he believes that "our sovereignty as a country is harmed by our membership in this body."

比格斯23日在一份声明中表示，他发起这项法案是因为他认为“美国的联合国成员国身份损害了我们的国家主权”。

The bill proposes barring the US from committing funds or troops to UN peacekeeping operations worldwide and stipulates that the UN must vacate property owned by the US government. It would repeal the 1973 Environment Program Participation Act, strip UN employees of diplomatic immunity in the US, and repeal the US's membership and participation in the World Health Organization.

该法案提出禁止美国向联合国的全球维和行动提供资金或军力，还明确要求联合国搬出归美国政府所有的房产。法案将废除《1973年环境规划参与法》，取消联合国雇员在美国的外交豁免权，并停止参与世界卫生组织，废除美国在该组织的成员国身份。

The bill's language is strong, and it's an extreme long shot to garner the necessary support to pass the House and move on to the Senate.

该法案立场强硬，很难在众议院获得必需的支持并递交至参议院。

President Donald Trump has characterized the UN as "just a club for people to get together, talk, and have a good time" and promised that relations between the US and the UN "will be different" during his presidency.

特朗普将联合国描述为“一个让人们聚在一起聊天、享受美好时光的俱乐部”，他承诺在其任内美国与联合国的关系“将有所不同”。

Trump's criticism of the organization came after the UN Security Council passed a resolution in late December calling on Israel to halt building settlements on occupied Palestinian land. Trump, along with Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu, urged the US to vote against the resolution, which was sponsored by Egypt. But the US ultimately abstained, and the resolution passed.

联合国安理会去年12月底通过决议要求以色列停止在巴勒斯坦被占领土上建造定居点，这一决议遭到特朗普的抨击。特朗普和以色列总理本雅明•内塔尼亚胡敦促美国对埃及发起的决议投反对票。但是美国最终投了弃权票，而该决议获得通过。

Many Republican lawmakers have accused the UN of having an "anti-Israel" bias that aims to isolate and weaken the Jewish state. Arizona Sen. John McCain said the UN vote marked "another shameful chapter in the bizarre anti-Israel history of the United Nations." House Speaker Paul Ryan called the vote "absolutely shameful" and vowed that "our unified Republican government" would work to reverse the resolution.

多位共和党议员指责联合国存在“反以色列”偏见，想要孤立和削弱以色列。亚利桑那州参议员约翰•麦凯恩称，这次的投票在“联合国不寻常的‘反以’历史上写下了另一可耻篇章”，众议院议长保罗•莱恩称这次投票“完全是可耻的”，并承诺“统一的共和党政府”将努力扭转该项决议。

Few, if any, mainstream Republican lawmakers have gone as far as to advocate a full withdrawal of the US from the UN.

没有主流共和党议员开始主张美国从联合国全面退出，如果有的话也是少数。

But some have said they would support defunding the organization, which received $594 million - roughly 22% of its total budget - from the US in 2016.

但有些议员表示，他们会支持取消对该组织的资助。2016年，联合国从美国获得的资助为5.94亿美元，大约占其总预算的22%。

Earlier this month, BuzzFeed reported that the House Freedom Caucus was drafting a bill, proposed by South Carolina Sen. Lindsey Graham, to sever financial ties with the organization. Republican Sens. Tom Cotton, Ted Cruz, and McCain said that they would support the initiative.

据BuzzFeed本月早些时候报道，众议院自由派核心议员正在起草一份终止与联合国财务关系的法案，该法案由南卡罗莱纳州参议员林赛•格雷厄姆提出。共和党参议员汤姆•戈登，泰德•科鲁兹以及麦凯恩表示他们会支持这一计划。

"I anticipate this vote will create a backlash in Congress against the United Nations," Graham said in a statement shortly after the Israel resolution passed. "The United Nations will regret this vote and I hope the Obama administration will realize the massive mistake they made on their way out of the door."

格雷厄姆在以色列决议通过后不久发表了一份声明，他称：“我希望这次投票能够引起国会对联合国的强烈反对。联合国将对这次投票感到遗憾，我希望奥巴马政府能够意识到他们在外交方面犯下的巨大错误。”

Nikki Haley, Trump's pick to replace Samantha Power as the US ambassador to the UN, said during her Senate confirmation hearing last week that the UN is a body that is "often at odds with American national interests," and called the US's decision to abstain from the Israel vote "a terrible mistake."

特朗普任命妮基•哈蕾接替萨曼莎•鲍尔出任美国驻联合国大使，哈蕾上周在参议院听证会上称，联合国是一个“经常与美国的国家利益相左”的组织，并称美国对以色列投弃权票是“一个可怕的错误”。

She said that while the US should reexamine its "disproportionate" financial contribution to the UN, she doesn't think there should be "a slash and burn" of the US's support for the organization.

她说，虽然美国应该重新审视对联合国“不成比例”的财务贡献，但她不认为美国应“大幅削减”对联合国的支持。