特朗普签署行政令 美国版长城计划正式上线

特朗普25日签署行政命令，下令加强移民管控，在美墨边境修建隔离墙。特朗普曾在竞选中许诺，一旦当选总统，将在美国和墨西哥边境修建隔离墙，并且费用须由墨方承担。不过目前来看，美墨隔离墙终究还得由美国人“自掏腰包”。

Donald Trump has signed an executive order calling for a "large physical barrier" between the US and Mexico - the order will jump-start the process of building the wall, which was one of the President's primary campaign promises.

特朗普已经签署一项行政命令，要求在美国和墨西哥之间修建一座“巨型物理屏障”。该命令将启动造墙工程，这是他的主要竞选承诺之一。

"So badly needed. You folks know how badly needed it is as a help... I believe the steps we will take, starting right now, will improve the safety of both of our countries," Mr Trump said at the Department of Homeland Security (DHS). "A nation without borders is not a nation. Beginning today, the United States gets back control of its borders - gets back its borders."

特朗普在国土安全部表示：“我们迫切需要一堵墙，你们都知道自己是多么需要它的帮助……我相信从现在开始，我们即将采取的措施将改善两国的安全状况。没有边境的国家不算是一个国家。从今天开始，美国将重新拥有并控制自己的边境。”

In addition to the wall, Mr Trump signed an action to strip federal funding from "sanctuary cities", that do not prosecute undocumented immigrants. He has mobilised on most of his controversial campaign promises - including directives against the Affordable Care Act, a greenlight to contentious oil pipelines, withdrawal from the Trans-Pacific trade agreement, and the renewal of the "Global Gag Rule", which prevents US funding for global family planning NGOs that are linked to abortion.

除了造墙，特朗普另外签署的一项命令要求撤销对“移民庇护城市”的联邦资助，在那些地方非法移民不会被起诉。特朗普还开始兑现其最具争议的竞选承诺——包括关于《可支付医疗法》的指令、给受到争议的石油管道开绿灯、退出《跨太平洋贸易协定》以及恢复反堕胎禁令，这一政策禁止美国向与堕胎相关的国际非政府组织提供资金支持。

He is also expected to take actions this week to limit legal immigration - including more rigorous restrictions to refugee acceptance and blocking the issuance of visas to people from Muslim-majority countries in the Middle East and North Africa.

特朗普本周还有可能采取行动限制合法移民——包括限制接收难民并禁止向中东北非地区穆斯林人口占多数的国家的人们发放签证。

"Big day planned on national security tomorrow," Mr Trump tweeted on Tuesday night. "Among many other things, we will build the wall."

特朗普24日晚发推特称：“明天将是有关国家安全的大日子，最主要的是，我们将建起这堵墙！”

"As soon as we can, as soon as we can physically do it," he told ABC News. "I would say in months, yeah. I would say in months - certainly planning is starting immediately."

特朗普对ABC News表示：“我们会尽快执行这一计划。我认为几个月内吧，对，几个月。当然我们已经立即开始规划了。”

Mr Trump added that US taxpayers will fund the wall, but claimed that they will be "reimbursed" by Mexico. He did not explain how. A Mexican official said the President Enrique Pena Nieto was considering cancelling his meeting with Trump at the White House next week following the order.

特朗普表示，美国纳税人将出资修墙，但是他称墨西哥将来会“偿还”他们。他没有解释如何偿还。一位墨西哥官员表示，因为这项命令，墨西哥总统恩里克•培尼亚•涅托正在考虑取消与特朗普下周在白宫的会面。

Mr Trump has previously estimated the wall would cost $8bn although some experts have said it could twice that amount.

此前，特朗普估算造墙费用为80亿美元，不过有些专家认为实际花费将是其两倍。

"All it is, is we'll be reimbursed at a later date from whatever transaction we make from Mexico," he said.

特朗普称：“我们将来一定会以某种形式从墨西哥那里得到补偿。”

Immigrant rights campaigner and director of the Southern Border Communities Coalition, Christian Ramirez, rebuked the border wall as "political theatre at the expense of civil liberties".

移民权利活动家兼南部边境地区联盟主席克里斯蒂安•拉米雷斯斥责美墨高墙是一场“以公民自由为代价的政治秀”。

"It is not national security policy. Border communities are among the safest in the nation and patrolling them with tens of thousands of heavily armed, poorly trained, unaccountable agents puts lives at risks," Mr Ramirez added. "This will turn these communities into de facto military zones."

“这并非一项国家安全政策。边境地区是全国最安全的地区之一，让上万全副武装、缺乏训练、无法负责的巡逻人员在此巡逻会威胁到人们的人身安全。这将使这些地区变成事实上的军事区。”

Despite Mr Trump's countless claims that undocumented immigrants are flooding into the US from Mexico, there is only evidence to the contrary.

尽管特朗普数次表示，非法移民正从墨西哥涌入美国，但是证据却与此相反。

According to Pew Research data, migration flows from Mexico have been negative since 2008, indicating that Mexicans are leaving the US rather than entering.

根据皮尤研究中心的数据显示，自2008年以来，来自墨西哥的移民为负数，这意味着墨西哥人正在撤离美国而不是进入美国。