2016届高考英语二轮复习分项训练（通用版）： 第1部分 专题3语法填空和短文改错 2专题针对训练（含答案）

　　[专项训练]【代词】单句语法填空(2015·高考浙江卷改编)How would you like ________if you were watching your favorite TV program and someone came into the room and just shut it off without asking you?解析：句意：如果你正在看最喜欢的电视节目有人走进来不说一声就关掉了电视你会作何感想？ it指代if you were watching...asking you这件事。How do you like it if...？如果……你作何感想？可以当作固定句式记忆。答案：it(2015·高考重庆卷改编)The meeting will be held in September________knows the date for sure.

　　解析：句意：会议将在九月份举行但是没人知道确切的日期。句中的转折连词but是解题的关键表明人们现在答案：nobody(2015·辽宁五校协作体联考改编)—I’d like some apple juice.________left.What about some other drink?

　　解析：句意：——我想买点苹果汁。——对不起苹果汁没有了其他饮料可以吗？此处是指苹果汁没有了有范围限制none，指特定范围之内表示“一点儿也没有”。答案：none(2015·四川名校联盟测试改编)Monitor in Class 8 rushed to the classroom to ask for help only to find _________of the classmates there.解析：句意：8班班长跑到教室寻求帮助却发现没人在那儿。none指的是三者或三者以上的人或物中没有一个可以与of连用。答案：nonerned to school with a sense of achievement，a feeling that ________helped people in need.

　　解析：句意：这些学生带着成就感回到学校一种他们帮助了那些需要帮助的人的成就感。设空处指the students，在同位语从句中作主语故填they。答案：theythis letter to share with you ________(I) opinions.

　　解析：句意：我写这封信来与你分享我的看法。设空处作定语修饰名词opinions故填形容词性物主代词my。答案：my(2015·浙江重点中学协作体适应性训练改编)________road out of town is goodt this one is better than the other.

　　解析：句意：出城的两条路都不好但是这条路要比那条路好些。根据后句中better和the other判断此处指两条路再由 but后面的转折内容可知设空处表否定故填Neither。答案：Neither________ will be achieved unless we work well together.

　　解析：句意：这个项目需要密切的合作除非我们通力合作否则一事无成。根据句意此处应该用表否定意义的代词不强调范围故填Nothing。答案：Nothing？I’m afraid I haven’t seen ________．解析：句意：——妈妈你看见我的新书了吗？——你上星期日买的那本吗？恐怕我没有看见。空格处指代上文出现过的同一事物因此用it。答案：it________all absorbed in reading.

　　解析：句意：Lily是唯一注意到我进教室的人所有其他人都沉浸在阅读中。从题干可以看出这里的其他人是指教室里除Lily之外的人故此处有范围且表示特指并且有复数故填others。答案：others单句改错(2015·高考陕西卷·短文改错)I wanted to do anything special for him at his retirement party.解析：句意：我想在他的退休晚会上为他做点儿特别的事情。此处是表示某件事而不是任何事情。答案：anything—something(2015·高考四川卷·短文改错)It’s been three Saturdays now and it really costs me many.解析： many用来指代可数名词复数而此处指代花费的钱因此要用much。答案：many—much(2015·河南信阳模拟·短文改错)All the people I visited were grateful句意：我所拜访的所有人都心存感激不光为幸存下来也为国家对他们的帮助。设空处作help的宾语指代all the people I visited故用人称代词的宾格形式them。答案：their—them解析：句意：遍布全城的历史性和现代性的结合使得这里成为一个游客们必定前来游览的地方。本题考查“make ＋ it ＋ ＋ to do”结构为形式宾语不定式为真正宾语。只有it可以作形式主语和形式宾语。答案：that—it__________________________________

　　解析：句意：没有找到任何东西他只好空着手回家了。根据后句中with empty hands可知他没发现什么。not anything相当于nothing上文已有表示否定的not故把something改为anything。答案：something—anythingar to ones of Apple’s iPhone 6，but sells for just half the price of its competitor.

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　　解析：句意：小米手机4有与苹果的iPhone 6相似的功能但销售价格仅是它的一半。替代名词functions又有后置定语of Apple’s iPhone 6表特指故用those。答案：ones—those解析：句意：——你认为哪本书最好？——都不好它们既枯燥又昂贵。对话中的best提示我们比较对象至少是三者对三者或三者以上的事物进行全部否定用none。答语中的both可能会误导以为答案为 Neither。答案：Neither—None___________________________________________________________

　　解析：句意：合同双方享有同等的合法地位任何一方都不能把自己的意愿强加于对方。签署合同的只有两方表示“另一方”用the other。答案：others—otherm very much.

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　　解析：句意：我在纽约和芝加哥住过但是我不喜欢它们中的任何一个。根据转折词 but可知后面的意思not，故把neither改为either＝neither。答案：neither—eitherWhy are you leaving right away？You promised to stay more two hours.解析：句意：你为什么要马上就离开呢？你答应过再待两个小时的。“another＋数字＋复数名词＝数字＋more＋复数名词”意为“再几个又几个”。答案：more—another【介词】单句语法填空(2015·高考福建卷改编)Human life is regarded as part of nature and________harmony with nature.

　　解析：句意：人的生活是自然的一部分因此我们生存下来的唯一的方法就是与自然和谐相处。in harmony with与……和谐相处。答案：in(2015·高考湖北卷改编)This meeting room is a non­smoking area.I would like to warn you________解析：句意：这个会议室是无烟区域我想提前警告你：如果你在这里吸烟会被罚款。in advance“提前”。答案：in(2015·高考陕西卷改编)The little pupil took his grandma ________the arm and walked her across the street.解析：句意：那个小学生搀着他奶奶的胳膊送她过了街道。“take sb.by＋the＋身体部位”为固定搭配意为“抓住/触及某人的……”。答案：by (2015·高考浙江卷改编)Have you ever heard of the trees that are homes ________animals both on land and sea?解析：句意：你听说过成为海陆两栖动物的栖息地的树吗？ be home to为固定搭配意为“是……的栖息地是……的家园”。答案：to (2015·高考浙江卷改编)These comments came in response ________specific questions often asked by local newsmen.解析：句意：这些评论是回应当地记者常提出的各种具体问题的。根据句子的关键信息these comments和specific questions可知此处表示这些评论是对各种具体问题的回应。in response to回答响应。答案：to(2015·高考重庆卷改编)Last year was the warmest year on record_________the average.

　　解析：句意：去年是有史以来最暖和的一年全球温度比平均值高出0.68摄氏度。根据逗号前面的the warmest year可知去年的温度应该是在平均值之上的故填above在平均值之上。答案：above(2016·高考浙江卷改编)While staying in the villagelagers without asking for anything ________return.

　　解析：句意：在村子里待的那段时间詹姆斯无私地同村民分享他所拥有的一切而不要任何东西作为回报。由关键信息unselfishly shared和without asking for anything可知此处表示“不要任何东西作为回报(in return)”。答案：in(2016·高考江西卷改编) It is unbelievable that Mr.Lucas leads a simple life _________his great wealth.解析：句意：尽管Lucas先生有大量的财富但是a simple life”以及“his great wealth”可知此处用表转折关系的介词despite(尽管)。答案：despite9．(2016·高考全国大纲卷改编)September 30 is the day ________which you must pay your bill.解析：句意：9月30日是你付账单的by意为“到……为止”符合句意。答案：bylearn through curiosity，which，________turn，promotes creativity.

　　解析：句意：人们普遍认为户外活动有助于孩子通过好奇心学习新事物这反过来也能促进创造力。in turn答案：in单句改错(2015·高考浙江卷·短文改错)My old classroom was interesting because three sides of the classroom were made from glass.解析：此处表示的是“教室的三面是由玻璃制成的”从制成品中可以看出原材料应用be made of结构所以应将from改为of。答案：from—of(2015·高考陕西卷·短文改错)My soccer coach retired in last week.解析：last week前不加介词。答案：去掉in3．(2016·高考浙江卷改编)Facing up to your problems instead running away from them is the best approach to working things out.解析：句意：面对你的问题而不是逃避它们才是解决问题的最好办法。instead为副词后不接宾语故改为介词短语instead of。答案：instead后加of解析：句意：由于天气原因我们学校的运动会不得不在室内体育馆举行。in view of意为“鉴于由于考虑到”为固定搭配。答案：To—In_________________

　　解析：句意：我刚刚高中毕业。我想在夏天找一份兼职工作。find out意为“查明”找到”应为find。答案：去掉out______________

　　解析：句意：我相信这是接近大自然并欣赏其美丽的最好方法。get close to为固定搭配意为“接近靠近”。答案：在close后加tos.

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　　解析：句意：尽管走过来三十个年头但春晚逐渐丧失了它的魅力特别是在年轻观众中in spite of意为“尽管”为固定搭配。答案：在spite后加ofve.

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　　解析：句意：在圣诞节前夕的演出之后他邀请我参加了一个舞会。Christmas Eve圣诞节前夕应与介词on连用。答案：at—on________________________________________________________________________

　　解析：由本题中的信息词any other foreign language可知应besides，表示“除……之外(还有)”。答案：except—besides：30 a．m.on our school bus and arrived Beihai Park three hours later.解析：句意：我们上午六arrive为不及物动词后可接at或in。at用于表示较小的地方用于表示较大的地方。答案：在arrived后加at[高考模拟]Ⅰ.语法填空(2015·江西南昌高三年级调研测试卷)阅读下面材料在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。____________

　　restaurant in New York in the 1850s.George Crum was the cook there.Many rich people often came to the restaurant

　　2.____________ (enjoy) his cooking.

　　The one thing that really upset Crum was

　　3.____________

　　a customer complained about the food and sent it back to the kitchen to be done over.He would often return it overcooked.He was happy to see the customer walk out of the restaurant 4.____________ (angry)．____________

　　they weren’t crunchy(脆的) enough.Crum reacted in his 6.____________

　　(usually) way.He cut the potatoes very thin and cooked them in hot oil.They were so crunchy and Crum was sure that the man would refuse 7.____________ (eat) them.Insteadr more.

　　Now，do you know

　　8.____________ invented the potato chip？It’s George Crum！He 9.____________ (late) set up his own restaurant.He named it Crum’s House.He put baskets of his potato chips on all the tables.They made his restaurant a very popular place.____________ (favor) foods!

　　【解题导语】　本文告诉我们薯片是怎么被发明出来的。解析：考查冠词。restaurant是名词此处表示泛指故用不定冠词a。答案：a解析：考查非谓语动词。这里用动词不定式作目的状语表示许多富人常常来这里吃他烹饪的饭菜。答案：to enjoy解析：考查表语从句when 引导表语从句且在从句中作时间状语。答案：when解析：考查副词。根据前面“walk out of the restaurant”可知后面应用副词angrily修饰动词。答案：angrily解析：考查连词。根据语境可知此处表示“因为油炸的土豆不够脆”强调原因故用because。答案because

　　6．解析：考查形容词。根据后面的名词way可知此处应用形容词。答案：usual解析：考查动词不定式。refuse to do sth.“拒绝做某事”。 答案：to eat解析：考查疑问词。根据后面“It’s George Crum”可知此处问的答案：who解析：考查副词。根据后面的“set up”可知这里应用later。答案：later解析：考查形容词。根据后面的“foods”可知这里需要用形容词且表示“最喜欢的”。答案：favorite短文改错(2015·河北石家庄一模)假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线(划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；只允许修改10处多者(从第11处起)不计分。One year ago，I had a special English lesson hold at the railway station.It was quite different from the regular English classes we were familiar to，for we had no textbooks，no blackboard or no fixed seats.

　　Gathering at the entrance of the station，we told to collect as many English words and sentences as possible here.Curious and excited，we walked around the station and looked everywhere，search for any information in English.Whenever an English word comes into sight，the class would burst into the cheers as if we had discovered a new world.With the Chinese translation and vividly pictures，we could figure out its meaning with ease.

　　Now，this unforgettable lesson still encourages me to be an active

　　learner where I go.

　　答案： at the railway station.It was quite different from the regular English classes we were familiar ，for we had no textbooks，no blackboard

　　no fixed seats.

　　Gathering at the entrance of the station，we

　　told to collect as many English words and

　　sentences as possible .Curious and excited，we walked around the station and looked everywhere， for any information in English.Whenever an English word

　　into sight，the class would burst into

　　cheers as if we had discovered a new world.With the Chinese translation and

　　pictures，we could figure out its meaning with ease.

　　Now，this unforgettable lesson still encourages me to be an active learner

　　I go.