2016届湖南长沙市高考英语二轮阅读理解训练（14）（含答案）

　　湖南长沙市2016高考英语（二轮）阅读理解训练（14）及答案

　　2016高考模拟题。阅读理解阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。

　　Who won China’s first gold medal at the 2016 Sochi Winter Olympics? It was Li Jianrou. The 27-year-old finished first in the women’s 500m short track speed skating on Feb 13. The race was full of drama. Three athletes fell over because of an accident caused by Elise Christie of Britain in the second turn and Li became the surprise winner.

　　Three-time defending champion Wang Meng of China missed the Olympics after breaking her ankle last month. Li had little experience in the race, where getting off to a quick Start is important. But she kept her cool while everyone else was falling around her.

　　“I feel very lucky,” Li said through a translator.

　　She and one of her coaches cried tears of joy after China joined South Korea as the only countries to win the same short track event four Olympics in a row. The Koreans won the 3,000 relay in 1994, 1998, 2002 and 2006.

　　“I cried because I was so excited,” Li said. “My coach told me this medal is for Wang Meng as well, so I felt very moved.”

　　Li’s victory made up for the surprising fall of teammate Fan Kexin in the semifinals. In the semis, Fan didn’t even complete the first lap of the race, catching her left blade（冰刀）as she skated near the front. She crashed on all fours into the crew of workers who maintain the ice between races. They climbed onto the top of the pads to avoid being injured by Fan’s long, sharp blades.

　　Arianna Fontana of Italy took the silver and Park Seung-hi of South Korea earned the bronze.

　　1. Who made a mistake causing three athletes to fall over in the final?

　　A. Li Jianrou

　　B. Elise Christie

　　C. Arianna Fontana

　　D. Fan Kexin

　　2. Which country won the women’s 500m short track event 4 Olympics in a row as well as China?

　　A. Italy

　　B. Japan

　　C. Britain

　　D. South Korea

　　3. Which statement below is tree according to the passage?

　　A. Li Jianrou won China’s first gold medal at Winter Olympics.

　　B. Wang Meng missed the Olympics because of an injury.

　　C. Fan Kexin was injured by long, sharp blades.

　　D. South Korea ranked second in the event.

　　参考答案1—3、B DB

　　【阅读理解】人物故事类

　　阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的A,B,C或D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

　　Shay and his father had walked past a park where some boys Shay knew were playing baseball. Shay asked,“Do you think they’ll let me play?”Shay’s father knew that most of the boys would not want someone like Shay on their team,but the father also understood that if his son,mentally and physically disabled,were allowed to play,it would give him a much-needed sense of belonging and some confidence.

　　Shay’s father approached one of the boys on the field and asked if Shay could play,not expecting much. The boy looked around and said,“We’re losing by six runs(分)and the game is in the eighth inning(局). I guess he can be on our team and we’ll try to put him in to bat in the final inning. “

　　Shay struggled over to the team’s bench and put on a team shirt with a broad smile and his father had a small tear in his eye and warmth in his heart. The boys saw the father’s joy at his son being accepted.

　　In the bottom of the eighth inning,Shay’s team scored a few runs but was still behind by three. In the top of the final inning,Shay put on a glove and played in the field. Even though no hits came his way,he was obviously joyful just to be in the game and on the field. In the bottom of the final inning,Shay’s team scored again. Now,Shay was scheduled to be next at bat. Would they let Shay bat and give away their chance to win the game?

　　Surprisingly,Shay was given the bat. Everyone knew that a hit was almost impossible. The first pitch(投) came and Shay missed. The pitcher again took a few steps forward to throw the ball softly towards Shay. As the pitch came in,Shay swung at the ball and hit a slow ground ball right back to the pitcher.

　　The pitcher could have easily thrown the ball to the first baseman and Shay would have been out and that would have been the end of the game. Instead,the pitcher threw the ball right over the head of the first baseman,beyond the reach of all teammates. The audience and the players from both teams started screaming,“Shay,run to first!“ Never in his life had Shay ever run that far but made it to first base,wide-eyed and shocked.

　　Everyone shouted,“Run to second!“ Catching his breath,Shay awkwardly ran towards second. By the time Shay rounded towards second base,the smallest guy on their team,who had a chance to be the hero for his team for the first time,could have thrown the ball to the second baseman,but he understood the pitcher’s intentions and he too intentionally threw the ball high and far over the third baseman’s head.

　　All were screaming,“Shay,Shay,Shay,all the way Shay. “ Shay reached third base when one opposing player ran to help him and shouted,“Shay,run to third. “ As Shay rounded third,all were on their feet,crying,“Shay,run home!”Shay ran to home,stepped on the home base and was cheered as the hero who won the game for his team.

　　That day,the boys from both teams helped bring a piece of true love and humanity into this world. Shay didn’t make it to another summer and died that winter,having never forgotten being the hero and making his father so happy and coming home and seeing his mother tearfully hug her little hero of the day!

　　1. Not expecting much,Shay’s father still asked the boy if Shay could play,mainly because the father　.　

　　A. noticed some of the boys on the field were hesitating

　　B. guessed his presence would affect the boys’ decision

　　C. learned some of the boys on the field knew Shay well

　　D. understood Shay did need a feeling of being accepted

　　2. In the bottom of the final inning Shay was given the bat because the boys　.　

　　A. believed they were sure to win the game

　　B. would like to help Shay enjoy the game

　　C. found Shay was so eager to be a winner

　　D. felt forced to give Shay another chance

　　3. The smallest boy threw the ball high and far over the third baseman’s head,probably because that boy　.　

　　A. was obviously aware of the pitcher’s purpose

　　B. looked forward to winning the game for his team

　　C. failed to throw the ball to the second baseman

　　D. saw that Shay already reached second base

　　4. Which of the followinghas nothing to do with Shay’s becoming the hero for his team?

　　A. The pitcher did not throw the ball to the first baseman.

　　B. The audience and the players from both teams cheered for him.

　　C. The opposing players failed to stop his running to home.

　　D. One of the opposing players ran to help him.

　　5. What do you think is the theme of the story?

　　A. True human nature could be realized in the way we treat each other.

　　B. Everyone has his own strength even if mentally or physically disabled.

　　C. Everyone can develop his team spirit in sports and please his parents.

　　D. The results of the game should not be the only concern of the players.

　　【参考答案】1--5 、DBACA

　　阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。

　　体裁：记叙文　话题：人物介绍　时间：7分钟

　　(2016·宁夏银川一中高三月考)Sam Walton，the founder of Wal­Mart，was born in Kingfish，Oklahoma on March 29,1918.He was raised in Missouri where he worked in his father's store while attending school.This was his first retailing(零售业) experience and he really enjoyed it.After graduation，he began his own career as a retail merchant.

　　He soon opened his first Wal­Mart store in 1962 in Rogers，Arkansas.Wal­Mart specialized in name brands at low prices and Sam Walton was surprised at the success.Soon a chain of Wal­Mart stores sprang up across rural America.

　　Walton's management style was popular with employees and he founded some of the basic concepts of management that are still in use today.

　　After taking the company public in 1970，Walton introduced his“profit sharing plan”．The profit sharing plan was a plan for Wal­Mart employees to improve their income dependent on the profits of the store.Sam Walton believed that “individuals don't win，while teams do”．Employees at Wal­Mart stores were offered stock options(认股选择权) and store discounts.These benefits are commonplace today，but Walton was among the first to implement(实施) them.Walton believed that a happy employee meant happy customers and more sales.He also believed that by giving employees a part of the company and making their success dependent on the company's success，they would care about the company.

　　By the 1980s，Wal­Mart had sales of over one billion dollars and over three hundred stores across North America.Wal­Mart's unique decentralized(分散的) distribution system，also Walton's idea，created the edge

　　needed to further encourage growth in the 1980s during growing complaints that the “superstore” was stopping smaller and traditional stores from developing.By 1991，Wal­Mart was the largest US retailer with 1,700 stores.Walton remained active in managing the company，as president and CEO until 1988 and chairman until his death.He was awarded the Medal of Freedom shortly before his death.

　　【语篇导读】　本文介绍了沃尔玛公司的创始人山姆·沃尔顿。1962年，他开办了第一家沃尔玛百货商店。经过几十年的奋斗，他使沃尔玛公司成为全球最大的连锁零售王国。他的经营理念现在仍然适用。

　　1．Sam Walton first made a hit in retailing when ______.

　　A．he worked in his father's store

　　B．he created Walton's management style

　　C．a chain of Wal­Mart stores sprang up across rural America

　　D．he specialized in name brands at low prices

　　解析　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Wal­Mart specialized in name brands at low prices and Sam Walton was surprised at the success.”可知，沃尔玛在低价销售名牌产品时取得了意想不到的成功，因此选D。

　　答案　D

　　2．What

　　is the purpose of Walton's carrying out “profit sharing plan”？

　　A．To make sure all the employees had their own shares.

　　B．To encourage the employees to work hard and make joint efforts.

　　C．To select excellent employees for his stores.

　　D．To make more profit for himself.

　　解析　细节理解题。根据第四段的第二句“The profit sharing plan was a plan for Wal­Mart employees to improve their income dependent on the profits of the store.”可知，雇员的收入与商店的利润挂钩，这个计划就是为了鼓励员工努力工作。

　　答案　B

　　3．Which of the following statements is TRUE?

　　A．With Walton's management style，employees treated the stores as their own.

　　B．Walton wasn't one of the merchants who first implemented stock options.

　　C．The smaller and traditional stores were well affected by Walton's stores.

　　D．In his old age，Walton gave all the management to his men.

　　解析　细节理解题。根据第四段的最后一句“He also believed that by giving employees a part of the company and making their success dependent on the company's success，they would care about the company.”可知，沃尔顿的经营理念就是让员工把公司当成自己的一样去关心。

　　答案　A

　　4．What does the underlined word“edge” in the last paragraph mean here?

　　A．Danger.

　　B．Disadvantage.

　　C．Advantage.

　　D．System.

　　解析　词义猜测题。根据上下文内容可知，沃尔顿的想法是让沃尔玛独特的分散配送体系创造优势以进一步鼓励发展，因此edge表示“优势”，故答案为C。

　　答案　C

　　, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。

　　体裁：议论文　话题：积极人生　时间：7分钟

　　(2016·河南新乡许昌平顶山高三调研)Gretchen Alexander is sightless.But she refuses to allow her blindness to limit her life activities.She enjoys archery，golf，softball，sailing and water skiing，as well as a number of other activities that those of us who are sighted have yet to learn.She also speaks to groups about living life fully.When speaking to a group of high school students，she was once asked if there was anything she wouldn't try.“I've decided to never sky dive，” she answered.“It would scare the heck out of my dog.”

　　Why do some people rise above their problems and live life fully，while others become defeated? Merle Shain explains it this way：“There are only two ways to approach life: as a victim or as a gallant fighter.And you must decide whether you want to act or to react...”

　　When discouraged，a victim reacts，perhaps in pain or self­pity.But a fighter will act.A fighter will make a decision to change that set of circumstances that left him or her discouraged.Or a fighter will decide to accept those circumstances with grace and move ahead anyway.A fighter will decide to act with courage.A fighter will take responsibility for his or her happiness.No matter how afraid，a fighter will refuse to give in to the most defeating of all human emotions—helplessness.A victim reacts.A fighter acts.It's your decision.It's a decision about whether you will live your life fully with courage，or you will be forever defeated by harsh circumstances.Make it well，for it may be one of the most important decisions you ever make.

　　Will you be a victim or a gallant fighter?

　　【语篇导读】　这是一篇议论文。文章以Gretchen Alexander 为例，论述了在生活中当你遇到不愉快的事情时，你应该做一名受害者还是做一名勇敢的战士。

　　1．The best title for this article would be ______.

　　A．Gretchen Alexander's Life

　　B．Merle Shain's Attitude to Life

　　C．Victims and Fighters

　　D．The Way of Life

　　解析　标题归纳题。文章的最后一段“Will you be a victim or a gallant fighter？”点出了文章主题。故C项最适合作为文章标题。

　　答案　C

　　2．What can we learn about Gretchen Alexander from this passage?

　　A．She is more athletic than those of us who are sighted.

　　B．She is discouraged when her dog is scared.

　　C．There is no limitation to her life activities.

　　D．She is a brave fighter.

　　解析　推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Gretchen Alexander is sightless.But she refuses to allow her blindness to limit her life activities.”和“She also speaks to groups about living life fully.”可知，Gretchen Alexander在生活中是一位勇敢的战士。

　　答案　D

　　3．The underlined word “it” in Paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to “______”．

　　A．life

　　B．choice

　　C．courage

　　D．circumstance

　　解析　词义猜测题。从下文的“for it may be one of the most important decisions you ever make”可知，画线词的含义是“选择”。

　　答案　B

　　4．The third paragraph mainly talks about ______.

　　A．the difference between a victim and a fighter

　　B．the reactions to helplessness

　　C．decision­making

　　D．a fighter's responsibility

　　解析　段落大意题。本段主要介绍了受害者和战士在遇到一些不好的事情时各自不同的表现——受害者是有反应，而战士则是行动起来。故选A。

　　答案　A