2016届湖南长沙市高考英语二轮阅读理解训练（23）（含答案）

　　湖南长沙市2016高考英语（二轮）阅读理解训练（23）及答案

　　阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。All parents know that one of their most important tasks is to prepare their children for an independent life，but any parent can tell you that it’s hard to let go of your children．That balance between keeping your children safe and allowing them to learn from their own mistakes can be heartbreaking．Years of experience means that parents often do know best，but on the other hand，the young，being less bound by tradition，are often more creative，more able to find new solutions to old problems．Revolutions are led by the young．

　　Good teachers make the growth of critical （批判性的 thinking easier in their students，only to find that this can lead to a questioning of the teachers’ basic beliefs．Schools encourage parents to become involved，but are often embarrassed when parents have reservations about some of the educational methods being used．Governments encourage unimportant groups to empower themselves in order to participate fully in the development process．And they are often surprised when the new leaders of these groups turn around and attack the policies of that same government．The rebellions （叛逆的young and the newly unimportant groups are important in social development．They are not necessarily representatives of those they want to represent or not realistic in their demands，but their voices must be heard．

　　Good parents know that just forbidding particular behaviors does not prevent their children from finding ways to engage in these forbidden activities．Indeed，sometimes the forbidden fruit is more inviting，just because it is not accepted by authority．Parents must work with their children to educate them on the facts，know as much as possible about he lives of their children，provide a good example，encourage more wholesome activities but also support their children when they don’t follow what is expected of them．But the most important point is that they also need to learn how to let go．

　　1．By saying “Revolutions are led by the young”the author indicates that young people are more___________________．

　　A．conventional

　　B．creative

　　Crealistic

　　D．heartbreaking

　　2．From the second paragraph we know

　　A．the voice of the rebellious young should be heard by the government

　　B．schools encourage parents to question their education methods

　　C．movement is satisfied with the new leaders’ attack on the policies

　　D． teachers’ basic beliefs should be questioned by students

　　3．In order to educate children wellparents should_________________．

　　A．forbid particular behaviors in their daily life

　　B．know as much as possible as their children

　　C．educate them with facts and expect much of them

　　D． know them well and set a good example to them

　　4．From the passage we can learn that the author prefers

　　A．free parenting

　　B．traditional parenting

　　C．smart parenting

　　D． critical parenting

　　5．What is the best title of the passage?

　　A．Teaching Methods – for Teachers and Schools

　　B．Parents’ Tasks – in Children’s Development

　　C．Way of Growth – for the Young Groups

　　D．Letting Go – for Children’s Independent Life

　　BADCD

　　阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的A,B,C或D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

　　The term“multitasking” originally referred to a computer’s ability to carry out several tasks at one time. For many people, multitasking has become a way of life and even a key to success. In fact, some excellent mental aerobic exercises(大脑训练)involve engaging the brain in two or more challenging activities at a time. Although checking e-mail while talking on a phone and reading the newspaper may be second nature for some people, many times multitasking can make us less productive, rather than more. And studies show that too much multitasking can lead to increased stress, anxiety and memory loss.

　　In order to multitask, the brain uses an area known as the prefrontal cortex(前额叶脑皮层). Brain seans of volunteers performing multiple tasks together show that as they shift from task to task, this front part of the brain actually takes a moment of rest between tasks. You may have experienced a prefrontal cortex“moment of rest” yourself if you’ve ever dialed(拨电话) a phone number and suddenly forgotten who you called when the line is answered. What probably occurred is that between the dialing and the answering, your mind shifted to another thought or task, and then took that“moment” to come back. Research has also shown that for many volunteers, job efficiency(效率) declines while multitasking, as compared to when they perform only one task at a time.

　　Multitasking is easiest when at least one of the tasks is habitual, or requires little thought. Most people don’t find it difficult to eat and read the newspaper at the same time. However, when two or more attention-requiring tasks are attempted at one time, people sometimes make mistakes.

　　We often don’t remember things as well when we’re trying to manage several details at the same time. Without mental focus, we may not pay enough attention to new information coming in, so it never makes it into our memory stores. That is one of the main reasons we forget people’s names—even sometimes right after they have introduced themselves. Multitasking can also affect our relationships. If someone checks their e-mail while on the phone with a friend, they may come off as absent-minded or disinterested. It can also cause that person to miss or overlook key information being passed on to them.

　　1. Why are some mental aerobic exercises designed to engage people in multitasking?

　　A. To make them more productive.

　　B. To reduce their stress and anxiety.

　　C. To develop their communication skills.

　　D. To help them perform daily tasks more easily.

　　2. According to Paragraph 2, why may a person suddenly forget who he has called?

　　A. He may have his prefrontal cortex temporarily damaged.

　　B. He is probably interrupted by another task.

　　C. He is probably not very familiar with the person he has called.

　　D. He may need a rest between dialing and speaking.

　　3. People tend to make mistakes when　.　

　　A. they perform several challenging tasks at a time

　　B. new messages are processed one after another

　　C. their relationships with others are affected

　　D. the tasks require little thought

　　4. What is the main idea of the passage?

　　A. Multitasking has become a way of life.

　　B. Multitasking often leads to efficiency decline.

　　C. Multitasking exercises need to be improved.

　　D. Multitasking enables people to remember things better.

　　【参考答案】1--4 、ABAB

　　2016高考模拟题。阅读理解阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。We often smile at times. However, the meaning of a smile in different cultures may be different. Depending on different cultures, smiling can express joy and amusement, but it can also indicate embarrassment. The following examples show this point of view:

　　In an attempt to be open and friendly, people in the United States smile a lot. Every one smiles at each other, this nonverbal communication shows being friendly in the United States. However，in China, smiling is not only an expression of happiness, but also a way to avoid being embarrassed. Chinese people like smiling when they are embarrassed in order to avoid embarrassment. Smiling is a kind of good will but not sneer（嘲笑）. For example: When a child falls off from a bike, the adults in China may smile, which is a kind of gentle encouragement and may not be a kind of impolite laugh.

　　When a person from the United States might blush（脸红）with embarrassment or become offensive, a Chinese might blush with smile. To avoid serious misunderstanding, people who engage in intercultural communication should be able to understand the meaning of smiling appropriately. Related to the smile is the laugh. Also, different cultures have different meanings about laugh. For example, Americans can enjoy a very heartfelt belly (腹部) laugh that comes from the deepest emotions. However, most Chinese seldom laugh that way because they are thought to be silly except among close friends.

　　1. We can use smile to express all of the following feelings except_________,

　　A. joy and happiness

　　B. amusement

　　C. embarrassment

　　D. fear

　　2. People often smile at each other in the United States because_________.

　　A. they are very happy

　　B. they want to show they are friendly

　　C. they want to hide their true feelings

　　D. they want to avoid embarrassment

　　3. In China, seeing a child falls off a bike, an adult will smile in order to ________.

　　A. laugh at him

　　B. avoid his own embarrassment

　　C. avoid embarrassment and encourage the boy

　　D. show his politeness

　　4. What is mainly talked about in the passage?

　　A. People smile at times.

　　B. Smiling can express different feelings depending on different cultures.

　　C. Americans are more open and friendly than Chinese people.

　　D. The Chinese people often hide their true feelings.

　　参考答案1—4、DBCB

　　阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的A,B,C或D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

　　Grown- ups are often surprised by how well they remember something they learned as children but have never practiced ever since. A man who has not had a chance to go swimming for years can still swim as well as ever when he gets back in the water. He can get on a bicycle after many years and still ride away. He can play catch and hit a ball as well as his son. A mother who has not thought about the words for years can teach her daughter the poem that begins “Twinkle, twinkle, little star” or remember the story of Cinderella or Goldilocks and the Three Bears.

　　One explanation is the law of overlearning, which can be stated as follows: Once we have learned something, additional learning trials increase the length of time we will remember it.

　　In childhood we usually continue to practice such skills as swimming, bicycle riding, and playing baseball long after we have learned them. We continue to listen to and remind ourselves of words such as “Twinkle, twinkle, little star”and childhood tales such as Cinderella and Goldilocks. We not only learn but overlearn.

　　The multiplication tables (乘法口诀表) are an exception to the general rule that we forget rather quickly the things that we learn in school, because they are another of the things we overlearn in childhood.

　　The law of overlearning explains why cramming (突击学习) for an examination, though it may result in a passing grade, is not a satisfactory way to learn a college course. By cramming, a student may learn the subject well enough to get by on the examination, but he is likely soon to forget almost everything he learned. A little overlearning, on the other hand, is really necessary for one’s future development.

　　1. What is the main idea of Paragraph 1?

　　A. People remember well what they learned in childhood.

　　B. Children have a better memory than grown- ups.

　　C. Poem reading is a good way to learn words.

　　D. Stories for children are easy to remember.

　　2. The author explains the law of overlearning by　.　

　　A. presenting research findings

　　B. setting down general rules

　　C. making a comparison

　　D. using examples

　　3. According to the author, being able to use multiplication tables is　.　

　　A. a result of overlearning

　　B. a special case of cramming

　　C. a skill to deal with math problems

　　D. a basic step towards advanced studies

　　4. What is the author’s opinion on cramming?

　　A. It leads to failure in college exams.

　　B. It’s helpful only in a limited way.

　　C. It’s possible to result in poor memory.

　　D. It increases students’learning interest.

　　【参考答案】1—4、ADAB

　　阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的A,B,C或D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

　　Food sometimes gets poisoned with harmful things. A person who eats such food can get an illness called food poisoning. Food poisoning is usually not serious, but some types are deadly. The symptoms of food poisoning usually begin within hours of eating the poisoned food. Fever is one of the most common symptoms.

　　Certain microorganisms(微生物) cause most types of food poisoning. Bacteria and other microorganisms can poison eggs, meat, vegetables, and many other foods. After entering the body, these tiny living things release(释放) poisons that make people sick.

　　Some chemicals can also cause food poisoning. They are often added to food while it is being grown, processed, or prepared. For example, many farmers spray chemicals on crops to kill weeds and insects. Some people may have a bad reaction to those chemicals when they eat the crops.

　　Some plants and animals contain natural poisons that are harmful to people. These include certain kinds of seafood, grains, nuts, seeds, beans, and mushrooms.

　　When people handle food properly, the risk of food poisoning is very small. Microorganisms multiply rapidly in dirty places and in warm temperatures. This means that people should never touch food with dirty hands or put food on unwashed surfaces. Food should be kept in a refrigerator to stop microorganisms from growing. Meat needs to be cooked thoroughly to kill any dangerous microorganisms. People should also wash food covered with chemicals before eating it. Finally, people should not eat wild mushrooms or other foods that grow in the wild. Some of these foods may contain natural materials that are poisonous to humans. In addition, some types of fish can be poisonous.

　　Most people recover from food poisoning after a few days of resting and drinking extra water. If people eat natural poisons, they must go to the hospital right away to have their stomachs emptied.

　　1. Which of the following statements is NOT true?

　　A. Food when poisoned can make people sick.

　　B. Food poisoning means death.

　　C. Food poisoning comes in varieties.

　　D. Food poisoning can be serious.

　　2. We know from the passage that the symptoms of food poisoning　.　

　　A. are always accompanied by a fever

　　B. are too common to be noted

　　C. can be noticed within hours

　　D. can be ignored

　　3. Food poisoning can be caused by all the following EXCEPT　.　

　　A. some chemicals　B. low temperatures

　　C. some tiny living thingsD. certain natural materials

　　4. From Paragraph 5, we can learn that　.　

　　A. mushrooms should not be eaten

　　B. vegetables are safer than meat and seafood

　　C. natural poisons are more dangerous than chemicals

　　D. different types of food should be handled differently

　　5. It can be inferred from the passage that　.　

　　A. natural materials are safe in food processing

　　B. chemicals are needed in food processing

　　C. food poisoning can be kept under control

　　D. food poisoning is out of control

　　【参考答案】1--5 、BCBDC