浙江省2012届高考英语二轮专题总复习课件：第14讲 情景交际

　　第 14 讲

　　情景交际 1. 感谢与应答 感谢：Thank you very much. / Thanks a lot. / Many thanks.

　　应答： That's all right. / Thanks for helping me. / You're welcome. / That's OK. / Not at all.

　　It's my pleasure. / Don't mention it. / It's nothing. / Think nothing of it. / Forget it.

　　一、日常交际应答语

　　2. 道歉与应答 道歉： I'm sorry. / I'm sorry to trouble you. / I'm sorry to have kept you waiting.

　　应答： It doesn't matter. / It's not important. / That's/It's nothing. / Not at all. /Never mind.

　　That's all right. / Forget it. / That's OK. / No problem. / Not to worry.

　　一、日常交际应答语 3. 劝告、建议与应答 劝告和建议： I think you ought to…我想你应该…… If I were you, I'd…如果我是你，我会…… It might be a good idea if you…如果你……这倒是个好主意。 Have you ever thought of…？ 你是否想过要……？ I recommend that…我建议…… I strongly advise you to…我极力主张你…… 一、日常交际应答语 You really ought to…你的确应该…… Personally, I think you'd better…依我看，你最好…… Why not do…？ 为什么不……？ Why don't you do…？ 你为什么不……？I suggest that…我建议…… What about doing…？ ……怎么样？ How about doing…？ ……怎么样？ 一、日常交际应答语 Shall we…？ 我们去……好吗？ Let's…， shall we? 让我们去……好吗？ You need (to)…你需要…… 肯定的应答： Good idea. / That's great. / Sounds great. / It sounds great. / That's fine. /Why not? 否定的应答：I'd love to，but… / I'm afraid… / It's an idea，but… 一、日常交际应答语 4. 请求与应答 请求： May I…？ / Can I? / Could I…？ / Do you mind if I… 肯定的应答： With pleasure. / Certainly(Of course) / Sure，go ahead. / Yes，help yourself.

　　Of course not，go ahead(回答Do you mind if I…的请求).

　　否定的应答：I'm afraid not. / Better not. / I'd rather you didn't.

　　一、日常交际应答语 5. 应答对方的要求 肯定的：All right. / I will.

　　否定的：No way. / Forget it.

　　— Do remember to call me up when you arrive. —I will.

　　— I think you should phone Jenny and say sorry to her.

　　—No way. It was her fault.

　　一、日常交际应答语 6. 邀请与应答 邀请： Would you like to…？ / Why don't we…？ 肯定的应答： That would be fine. / That's very kind of you. /All right. /Yes，I'd love to.

　　否定的应答：I'd love to，but… / Sorry，I can't. / I'm afraid I can't.

　　一、日常交际应答语 7. 祝愿、祝贺与应答 祝愿、祝贺： Good luck! / Best wishes to you. /Have a nice/good time/journey. /Congratulations! Happy New Year! / Merry Christmas! / Happy birthday to you.

　　应答： Thank you! / The same to you. / You，too. / Happy New Year！(Merry Christmas！)

　　一、日常交际应答语 8. 鼓励、赞扬与应答 鼓励、赞扬： Very good. / Well done. /Wonderful. /Excellent. /Keep trying. /You can do it.

　　应答： Thank you. / OK. /I'll try it again.

　　一、日常交际应答语 9. 提供帮助与应答 主动提供帮助时：Can I help you? /What can I do for you /Would you like me to help you? Do you want me to… / Let me… 需要别人帮助时：Yes，please. / Thank you for your help/ Thanks.

　　不需要别人帮助时：No，thank you./ Thank you all the same. / That's very kind of you, but… 一、日常交际应答语 1. 表示惊奇：Really? / How come？(何以会……？) / What a surprise! /Good heavens! 2. 表示同情： I'm sorry to hear that. / What a pity! / That's really unlucky. / Bad luck.

　　3. 表示安慰： Don't worry. / Don't be afraid. / Take your time. / Take it easy.

　　Make yourself at home. / It's quite all right. / It'll be OK.

　　4. 表示鼓励： Come on. / Cheer up. / You can do it. / You will make it.

　　二、情感态度的表达 5. 表示同意： I quite agree. / I couldn' t agree more. / Exactly. /Certainly. /Absolutely.

　　That's a good idea. / No problem. / I think so.

　　6. 表示不同意： Not really. / Not Exactly. / I don't quite agree. /I don't think so. / I'm afraid not.

　　7. 表示不在乎： So what? / Who cares? 二、情感态度的表达

　　解答情景交际题时要做到“四忌”

　　一忌上词下用

　　上词下用指的是答句部分沿用了题干句子的重点词、信息词，按表层意思似乎合情合理，但往往为错误的“虚像”，需经进一步分析后才能确定正确选项。如：

　　用“I don't”应答“Don't forget to come to my birthday party tomorrow”，

　　用“Don't be sorry”回答“I'm sorry I broke your mirror”，

　　易错易混点

　　用“Don't be sorry”回答“I'm sorry I broke your mirror”，

　　用“No thanks”回答“Thank you ever so much for the book you sent me.”

　　避免“上词下用”的误区，一是确认题目涉及的交际功能项目，二是确认句子上下文语境，三是确认正确的话语方式。

　　易错易混点 【例题】

　　— I wonder if I could use your telephone.

　　— ______.

　　A. I wonder how

　　B. I don't wonder

　　C. Sorry, it's out of order

　　D. No wonder, here it is.

　　【答案及解析】 C 尽管该题中反复出现“wonder”一词，但通过仔细审题可确定其考查的功能项目为征求对方意见，问句相当于“Could I use your telephone？”综合语境和话题的分析，正确的答话方式一般为“Of course you can”(肯定)或“Sorry，you can't”(否定)，也只有C项(抱歉，它坏了)符合题意，A、B、D项均属典型的“上词下用”现象，而且D项中的“No wonder”意思为“难怪”，更是和题干内容相差甚远。

　　易错易混点

　　二忌中文思维

　　与上词下用比较，这一误区更具迷惑性，因为无论按题目内容或是按思维方式来考虑，都非常符合中国学生的习惯。显然，掌握英汉两种语言和文化之间的相同和相异之处，对于准确解题至关重要。考生解题失误之一是按汉语的表达方式和结构去套英语，去选答案，这属于语言知识的“负迁移”。

　　易错易混点

　　【例题】 — Do you think it's going to rain over the weekend?

　　— ______.

　　A. I don't believe

　　B. I don't believe it

　　C. I believe not so

　　D. I believe not 【答案及解析】 D　以Do you think…？这样的句子来提问，用D项来回答表示否定，显然不符合中文的表达习惯，这也正是许多考生选了A、B、C项的原因。另一个更常见的失误是套用中国文化模式。违背英语国家的思维方式和文化习俗，这属于文化方面的“负迁移”。

　　易错易混点

　　三忌直接回绝

　　这主要是指在对方要求得到帮助，提出请求或邀请时，回答过于直接，不够委婉，尽管从语义角度分析是没毛病的，但不符合英语国家的交际习惯。“请求”方面的问话有May I…？/Can I…？/I wonder if I could…/Do you mind if I…？等，“邀请”方面的问话有Will you…？/Would you like to…？/I'd like to invite to…等。在作否定回答时，为了表示礼貌和委婉，通常要用一些委婉词，如but，I'm afraid, I'm sorry, thanks, please, had better等。

　　易错易混点 【例题】 — I didn't know this was a one­way street, officer.

　　— ______

　　A. That's all right.

　　B. I don't believe you.

　　C. How dare you say that?D. Sorry, but that's no excuse.

　　【答案及解析】 D　许多考生有可能选B、C项，这是没有注意到西方人生活、工作中交往的必要礼节，答话时过于生硬，没有顾及他人感情，而正确答案D项正是在充分考虑到说话双方的身份，彼此之间的关系以及说话人的立场和态度的基础上做出的选择。

　　易错易混点

　　四忌答非所问

　　答非所问的错误比较容易察觉，如果问话与答话的内容风马牛不相及的话，考生可以迅速排除。但有时双方会话内容有所关联，仔细推敲才发现其实答语并不切题。最典型的例子是With pleasure和It's a pleasure。前者一般在事前回答，表示“非常愿意”。后者一般在事后回答，表示“不用客气”。

　　易错易混点 【例题】 — Sorry, I couldn't come to the party. I was sick that day.

　　— ______.

　　A. I don't know that

　　B. That's all right

　　C. Yes, we'll have another party

　　D. No, the party wasn't held 【答案及解析】 B　

　　A、C和D三项均明显地答非所问，与问句无关；只有B项能够作出直接的答复。

　　易错易混点