2016届高考英语冲刺综合训练解析26

　　1．explain v．解释；说明

　　____________ n．解释，说明

　　归纳拓展

　　explain sth.to sb.＝explain to sb.sth.对某人解释某事make an explanation作说明，进行解释

　　in explanation of作为……的说明/辩解 I was used to the familiar bilingual dictionaries，in which the words are explained both in English and Chinese.(2010·辽宁，完形填空)

　　过去我习惯了用熟悉的英汉双解词典，里面的单词都是用英汉两种语言解释的。

　　活学活用

　　(1)He ____________ us that he was late because of the traffic.

　　他向我们说明了他迟到是因为交通拥挤。

　　(2)He was late.We asked him to ____________ (向我解释) why.But his ________________ (……的解释) being late didn’t sound reasonable.

　　(3)“What will you say in________ of your frequent lateness this time？” asked the teacher.

　　A．doubt

　　B．wonder

　　C．expectation

　　D．explanation

　　2．fault n．过错，错误；缺点，毛病；责任

　　归纳拓展

　　(1)However，they can hardly blame me；it is largely their own fault.(2009·重庆，完形填空)

　　但是他们并不能责怪我；在很大程度上是他们自己的错。

　　(2)She loves me in spite of all my faults.

　　我虽然有种种缺点，但是她依然爱我。

　　活学活用

　　(1)The police said that the other driver was ________—he should have slowed down.

　　警方说错在另一位司机——他本来应该减速。

　　(2)They are always ________________ (找毛病) my work.

　　(3)用fault，shortcoming的适当形式填空

　　In spite of all my friend’s ____________，I still like him because I don’t like finding a ________.

　　(4)“I don’t think it’s my________ that the TV blew up.I just turned it on，that is all，” said the boy.

　　A．error

　　B．mistake

　　C．fault

　　D．duty

　　3．scene n．(戏剧)一场；现象；场面；景色

　　归纳拓展

　　(1)Firefighters were on the scene immediately.

　　消防队员立即赶到了现场。

　　(2)The police present at the scene had only scratched the surface of the accident.

　　在场的警察对事故只做了简单的处理。

　　活学活用

　　(1)用scene，scenery，sight，view填空

　　The Great Wall whose ________ is beautiful is one of the most breathtaking ________ in the world，but twenty years ago，beautiful as the ________ was from the distance，a dirty ________ appeared in front of us when we arrived there.

　　(2)While watching Titanic，most people couldn’t help crying when it came to the scene________ Jack saves the girl’s life but dies in icy water himself.

　　A．which

　　B．as

　　C．why

　　D．where4.mark n．分数；记号；标志；得分；痕迹；v.标明；标志；打分数，批改

　　归纳拓展

　　(1)The workers packed the glasses and marked on each box “This Side Up”．(2010·课标全国卷，22)

　　工人们把玻璃杯装好，并在每个箱子上标注“此面向上”的标记。

　　(2)You can’t afford to get another low mark in English.你的英语不能再得低分了。

　　活学活用

　　(1)Food ____________ red stars are included in the recipe.

　　标有红星的食品被列入了食谱。

　　(2)The match is to take place in two days and they are busy ________ the tennis court.(2011·黄山月考)

　　A．turning out

　　B．marking out

　　C．making out

　　D．breaking out

　　5．insist vt. & vi.坚持；坚决主张

　　归纳拓展

　　(1)The only wonder is that so many states insist on closing their ears to the message.(2009·山东，阅读理解C)

　　唯一惊讶的是这么多的国家都坚持对这个消息充耳不闻。

　　(2)He insisted that his answer was right.

　　他坚持说他的回答是正确的。

　　活学活用

　　(1)I insisted that you __________ there on time.

　　我坚持要求你准时到那里去。

　　(2)用insist on，stick to填空

　　We ____________ the important thought—Three Represents，and ____________ putting it into practice.

　　(3)Sam insisted that he________ the law and________.

　　A．didn’t break；mustn’t be punished

　　B．doesn’t break；shouldn’t punish

　　C．hadn’t broken；be not punished

　　D．hadn’t broken；not be punished

　　6．spare adj.空闲的；不用的；备用的；vt.抽出；留出；免除

　　归纳拓展

　　spare sb.sth.

　　spare sth.for sb.

　　为……抽出/分出……；免除某人的……

　　spare no effort(s)不遗余力；竭尽全力

　　spare no expense不惜一切代价

　　(1)But most of his spare time is spent working.(2009·海南，阅读理解B)

　　但他的大部分业余时间都花在工作上。

　　(2)Nigel coaches a cricket team in his spare time.

　　奈杰尔业余时间担任一个板球队的教练。

　　活学活用

　　(1)We’ll ________________ to find the culprits of this crime.

　　我们会竭尽全力追查本案的凶犯。

　　(2)As a teacher，he almost has no ①____________ (闲暇时间)，but whenever the students have any problems，he ②________________________ (不遗余力地帮助) them.He can hardly ③________________________ (抽出一些时间给家人)，even his children.

　　(3)Let’s________ to carry out the plan.

　　A．try our best

　　B．spare no effort

　　C．spare no efforts

　　D．all the above

　　7．suggest vt.建议；暗示；使想起

　　__________ n．提议；意见

　　归纳拓展

　　(sb./sb.’s) doing sth.

　　suggest (建议)

　　that sb.(should) do sth.

　　sth. (to sb.)

　　It is suggested that sb.(should) do sth.

　　at/on sb.’s suggestion根据某人的建议

　　注意：suggest作“暗示，表明”讲时，引导的从句用陈述语气。(1)Lady Luck suggested I should turn left.(2010·湖南，完形填空)

　　幸运女神建议我应该向左转。

　　(2)Someone suggested sending Liu Xiang to the US for treatment.

　　有人建议送刘翔去美国治疗。活学活用

　　(1)He suggested that the work ______________ at once.

　　他建议立即动工。

　　(2)His accent suggested that __________________ Sichuan.他的口音表明他是四川人。

　　(3)用suggest，advise的适当形式填空

　　①Who do you ________ to go there with her?

　　②His silence __________ refusal.

　　③He made a very useful __________ that she join in the club activities. (4)He suggested________ a meeting and it suggested that he________ in our plan.(2011·长沙模拟)

　　A．to hold；was interested

　　B．holding；was interested

　　C．holding；should be interested

　　D．should hold；be interested

　　8．do with处理，对付；对待；解决；涉及

　　归纳拓展

　　do with有时可与deal with互换，表示“处理，解决”。

　　(1)—What have you done with my pen?

　　—I’ve put it away.

　　——你把我的钢笔弄到哪儿去了？

　　——我把它收起来了。

　　(2)I hate to deal/dealing with large impersonal companies.

　　我讨厌与那些没有人情味的大公司打交道。

　　活学活用

　　(1)用deal with，do with的适当形式填空

　　I don’t know how to __________ the book ____________ politics，but you know what to ________ it very well.

　　(2)—How do you________ a disagreement between the company and its customers?

　　—The key to solving the problem is to meet the demand made by the customers.

　　A．make do with

　　B．do with

　　C．handle with

　　D．deal with

　　9．be supposed to应该……；理应……

　　归纳拓展

　　I have reached a point in my life where I am supposed to make decisions of my own.(2009·浙江，14)

　　我已经到了自己做出决定的年龄了。

　　活学活用

　　(1)He was supposed __________________ on the five o’clock train.

　　他本该赶上五点钟的那班火车的(但他没有)。

　　(2)The train________ arrive at 11∶30，but was an hour late.(2011·黄山月考)

　　A．was about to

　　B．was likely to

　　C．was supposed to

　　D．was certain to10．go out熄灭；发出；播放，播出；公布

　　归纳拓展

　　go off离去；爆炸

　　go without忍受某事物的缺乏；没有某事物也可应 —Honey，let’s go out for dinner.

　　—That’s great! I don’t have to cook.(2010·重庆，26)

　　——亲爱的，我们出去吃晚饭吧。

　　——太好了！我不用做饭了。

　　活学活用

　　(1)The bomb __________ in a crowded street.

　　炸弹在挤满人群的大街上爆炸了。

　　(2)I was about to go out _______________________________.

　　我正要出去，这时电话铃响了。

　　(3)Would you please________this form for me to see if I’ve filled it in right?

　　A．take off

　　B．look after

　　C．give up

　　D．go over

　　11．feel like (doing)想要(做)……；感觉自己像

　　归纳拓展

　　I was so angry and I just didn’t feel like looking for another job.(2008·上海，阅读理解B)

　　我非常生气，不想再找另外的工作。

　　活学活用

　　(1)I don’t ________________ today.

　　我今天感觉不舒服。

　　(2)We’ll go for a walk if ______________.

　　要是你愿意，我们去散散步。

　　(3)They were completely different from my own family，yet I felt________ with them immediately.

　　A．sorry

　　B．at home

　　C．myself

　　D．badly12.now that既然；由于

　　归纳拓展

　　Now that we’ve discussed our problem，are people happy with the decisions taken？(2009·宁夏海南，35)

　　既然我们已经讨论了我们的问题，人们对我们做的决定满意吗？

　　活学活用

　　(1)I’ll never give up ______________.

　　今后我决不放弃。

　　(2)________________________(既然晚餐已准备好)，wash your hands.

　　(3)________ she is out of a job，Lucy has been considering going back to school，but she hasn’t decided.(2011·南京模拟)

　　A．Even if

　　B．Though

　　C．If

　　D．Now that

　　13．The room is a mess，with pizza boxes on the floor and dirty dishes in the sink.

　　译文：____________________________

　　_________________________________________________________________

　　____

　　句式提取：with＋复合宾语

　　归纳拓展

　　(1)with＋宾语＋doing (表主动或正在进行的动作)

　　(2)with＋宾语＋done(表被动或已完成的动作)(3)with＋宾语＋to do (to do表示将来的动作)

　　(4)with＋宾语＋adj. (adj.表状态)

　　(5)with＋宾语＋adv. (adv.表状态)

　　(6)with＋宾语＋介词短语

　　(1)Tired，Jim was fast asleep with his back against a big tree.(2010·四川，5)

　　累坏了，吉姆背靠着一棵大树，酣睡着。

　　(2)With all the things she needed bought，she went home happily.

　　买了所需要的所有东西后，她高兴地回家了。

　　活学活用

　　(1)________________________________，he won’t have time to go shopping this morning.

　　他有那么多文章要写，今天早上将没有时间去买东西了。

　　(2)________________________，it’s time to buy warm clothes.

　　冬天来了，该买暖和的衣服了。

　　(3)The boy went out to play ________________________________.

　　作业做完后，小男孩出去玩了。

　　(4)________ the crisis of economy getting more and more serious，the government is searching for ways to improve people’s life.

　　　A．A B．With

　　C．When

　　D．If

　　(5)John received an invitation to dinner，and with his work________，he gladly accepted it.

　　A．finished

　　B．finishing

　　C．having finished

　　D．was finished

　　14．Eric sits on his bed looking at Daniel，who has his arms crossed and looks angry.

　　译文：__________________________________________________________________

　　句式提取：have＋复合宾语

　　归纳拓展

　　(1)To save class time，our teacher has us students do half of the exercises in class and complete the other half for our homework.(2007·湖南，27)

　　为了节省课堂时间，我们的老师让我们学生在课堂上做完一半练习，把另一半当作家庭作业来完成。

　　(2)It was cold，and she had the fire burning all day and night.天很冷，她日夜烧着炉火。

　　活学活用

　　(1)At that time，he ____________ to talk to.

　　在那时，他没有人可以说话。

　　(2)Joe ________________ a car for him.

　　乔让我给他找辆车。

　　(3)You’d better ________________________.

　　你最好把那颗坏牙拔了。

　　(4)—Good morning.Can I help you?

　　—I’d like to have this package________，madam.

　　A．be weighed

　　B．to be weighed

　　C．to weigh

　　D．weighed

　　(5)She will tell us why she feels so strongly that each of us has a role________in making the earth a better place to live.

　　A．to have played

　　B．to play

　　C．to be played

　　D．to be playing2016高考英语综合能力测试题（9）】

　　读写任务（共1小题，满分25分）．

　　阅读下面的短文，然后按照要求写一篇150词左右的英语短文。

　　Electronic books, more commonly known as e-books, are books that are in digital form. They are much like your traditional books that are made of paper -just more advanced and without the heavy weight. Because of their extreme efficiency, many now say that they may replace traditional books in the long run, however, in order to deter-mine this for sure, it would be better to investigate further,

　　While I was on vacation for three weeks, I thought I would catch up on some reading. Instead of going to my local WH Smith to buy some books, I downloaded the Kindle app onto my Tablet, and bought a couple of e-books to read.

　　Here are some advantages of e-books over printed books: 1. They can use multimedia. 2. Free shipping cost. 3. Searchable. 4. Easy to update. 5. Weigh less. 6. Portable and take less space. 7. Cost less for the publisher. 8. Copyright. 9. Readable.

　　With the rising number of e-book users all over the world, and with more and more excellent e-book readers springing up in the market – it cannot be denied that this new innovation will become even more popular as the days go by. As to whether they will actually replace traditional printed books - only time will tell - but one thing is certain; they do make your life easier.

　　[写作内容]

　　1．以约30个词概括本文内容：

　　2．以约120个词就“电子书能否取代传统纸质书”这一话题发表自己的看法，并包括如下要点：

　　(1)阐述电子书的优势；

　　(2)说明纸质书的优势；

　　(3)你的观点及理由。

　　[写作要求]

　　1．作文中可以使用亲身经历或虚构的故事，也可以参照阅读材料的内容，但不得直接引用原文中的句子；

　　2．作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称。

　　[评分标准]

　　概括准确，语言规范，内容合适，语篇连贯。

　　【参考范文】读写任务 (One possible version)

　　The author thinks that e-books are better than traditional ones, but only time will tell whether e-books will actually take the place of traditional printed books.

　　　E-books have many advantages. They can offer people immediate access and allow them to carry as many books as they want with no extra weight. They cost less money because they don’t need to take up so many resources, which is rather environmentally friendly.

　　　However, still many people prefer traditional books for their unique functions, such as being kept as a collection or sent as a gift. Therefore, those who love reading might be willing to keep a printed copy even though they have read the electronic form of it.

　　　As far as I am concerned, I like both of them because traditional books today are still the leading method of reading daily. However, with the development of information technology and the popularity of the Internet, e-books will replace traditional books in the future, I believe.

　　Unit 2　Growing pains

　　.语境填词

　　1．He didn’t give us a ________________________(合理的解释) about his ________________(无礼的表现)．We all thought it was his ________(过错)，but he deserved no ____________(惩罚)．

　　2．It’s a universal ________(真理) that ____________(无私) is quite ________(宝贵的)，while ________(自私) is really ________(愚蠢的)．

　　3．It’s ________(令人吃惊的) that what ________(使……感兴趣) me ________ (使……厌烦) her.

　　.选词填空

　　be crazy about,be mixed up,be angry with,after all,go out,be hard on,make no difference,take sb’s advice,argue sb.out of,wait one’s turn

　　1．Whether he will come here or not ________________.

　　2．Don’t be a queue­jumper.You’d better __________________________________.

　　3．Our teacher ________ so __________ us.

　　4．The boy ________________ computer games.

　　5．______________，Mike isn’t a boy any more.

　　6．At last his wife ________ him ____________ buying so expensive a car.

　　7．The fire ________________ when the firemen got there.

　　8．Don’t ________________ me.I didn’t do that on purpose.

　　9．If you ____________ my ________，it would have been better.

　　10．We ________________ after his explanation.

　　Ⅲ.完成句子

　　1．他女儿扶着他，慢慢的回家去了。

　　He went home，__________ by his daughter，________ very slowly.

　　2．我们原认为你提到的那本书不值得一读。

　　We ________ the book ______________ you referred ________ not worth reading.

　　3．既然你去过那里，请给我们讲一讲那里的情况。

　　____________ you ____________ there，tell us something about it.

　　4．你刚才和他握手的那个人是我老师。

　　The man ____________ you shook hands just now is my teacher.

　　5．我要是去过上海世博会该多好啊！

　　________ I wish I ____________ to the Shanghai Expo!

　　6．他举手好像要说什么。

　　He raised his hand ________________________ to say something.

　　.单项填空

　　1．Mr.Zhang didn’t believe the reason ________ for his being late for class.

　　A．he explained

　　B．that he expressed

　　C．how he explained

　　D．why he expressed

　　2．He is a person who is always ________ fault with other people.

　　A．putting

　　B．seeking

　　C．finding

　　D．looking for

　　3．Mum ______ to us，“Be quiet！Your little sister’s sleeping.”

　　A．whispered

　　B．shouted

　　C．explained

　　D．replied

　　4．The dead man’s wallet and mobile phone remained untouched，so the ________ for the killing could not have been the theft.

　　A．explanation

　　B．excuse

　　C．motive

　　D．result

　　5．He asked us to find a book ________ the word “WAF”．

　　A．marked with

　　B．being marked with

　　C．marked on

　　D．being marked on

　　6．—I’m sorry I didn’t help you out.

　　—Never mind.________，you have tried your best.

　　A．Above all B．In all

　　C．At all

　　D．After all

　　7．People may have different opinions about Karen，but I admire her.________，she was a great musician.

　　A．After all

　　B．As a result

　　C．In other words

　　D．As usual

　　8．Don’t be too hard ________ the boy；he didn’t mean ________ it.(2010·黄山模拟)

　　A．at；doing

　　B．on；to do

　　C．on；doing

　　D．for；to do

　　9．The children were left ________ of a neighbour when they were on holiday.

　　A．in charge

　　B．in the charge

　　C．under charge

　　D．at charge

　　10．By nine o’clock，all the Olympic torch bearers had reached the top of Mount Qomolangma，__________ appeared a rare rainbow soon.

　　A．of which

　　B．on which

　　C．from which

　　D．above which

　　11．Eric received training in computer for one year，______he found a job in a big company.

　　A．after that

　　B．after which

　　C．after it

　　D．after this

　　12．Please remain ________；the winner of the prize will be announced soon.

　　A．seating

　　B．seated

　　C．to seat

　　D．to be seated

　　13．He was busy writing a story，only ________ once in a while to smoke a cigarette.

　　A．to stop

　　B．stopping

　　C．to have stopped

　　D．having stopped

　　14．________ in the queue for half an hour，the old man suddenly realized he had left the cheque in the car.

　　A．Waiting

　　B．To wait

　　C．Having waited

　　D．To have waited

　　15．I wish I ________ such a promise to her.

　　A．didn’t make

　　B．don’t make

　　C．not make

　　D．hadn’t made.课文信息填空Acts Characters Things they do How they feel

　　Act one Mom and Dad Just coming back from 1.________ Finding the room in a mess and the dog tired and hungry，they feel 2.________ and angry.

　　Eric Playing 3.________ at home Seeing parents back early and angry at them，he is surprised and 4.________.

　　Daniel Stay in another room However，he hopes to give an 5.______ at first but then feel angry with parents.

　　Act two Daniel 6.________ his anger with parents He is so angry with his arms crossed.

　　Eric 7.________ his brother He tries to make Daniel 8.________ and not angry.

　　Mom Talking about the things that happened today Thinking they are hard on their children，she feels sorry and 9.________.

　　Dad

　　He is stubborn，insisting on 10.______ Daniel.

　　.完形填空

　　One of my father’s favorite sayings as I was growing up was “Try it！” I couldn’t say I didn’t like __1__，whatever it might be，__2__ I tried it.Over the years I’ve come to __3__ how much of my success I owe to my __4__ of those words as one of my values.My __5__ job was just one I decided to try for a couple of years until I __6__ what I wanted to do as a career(职业)．__7__ I believed I would work for a few years，get married，stay home and raise a family，so I didn’t think the job I took __8__ that much.I couldn’t have been more __9__.I mastered the skills of that beginning level position and I was given the opportunity(机会) to __10__ through the company into different __11__.I accepted each new opportunity with the __12__，“Well，I’ll try it；if I don’t like it I can always go back to my __13__ position.”But I was with the same company for the past 28 years，and I’ve __14__ every career change I’ve made.I’ve discovered I __15__ a large number of different talents(才能) and skills that I never would have thought were within me had it not been for my being __16__ trying new opportunities.I’ve also discovered that if I __17__ what I’m doing and work hard at achieving my __18__，I will succeed.That’s why I’m so __19__ to be a part of CareerFables.com.I think __20__ has come and I am determined to make it a success.(2011·益阳统考)

　　1．A.everything B．somethingC．everybody D．somebody

　　2．A.until after B．ever sinceC．so that D．long before

　　3．A.consider B．argueC．include D．realize

　　4．A.suggestion B．explanationC．acceptance D．discussion

　　5．A.hard B．bestC．extra D．first

　　6．A.determined B．examinedC．experienced D．introduced

　　7．A.Actually B．GraduallyC．Finally D．Usually

　　8．A.helped B．requiredC．expressed D．mattered

　　9．A.careful B．mistakenC．interested D．prepared

　　10．A.look up B．take upC．move up D．put up

　　11．A.situations B．choicesC．directions D．positions

　　12．A.thought B．replyC．action D．advice

　　13．A.easier B．newerC．earlier D．higher

　　14．A.permitted B．countedC．organized D．enjoyed

　　15．A.show B．possessC．need D．gather

　　16．A.lucky for B．slow atC．open to D．afraid of

　　17．A.think of B．give awayC．believe in D．turn into

　　18．A.business B．goalC．fortune D．growth

　　19．A.excited B．curiousC．surprised D．helpful

　　20．A.dream B．timeC．power D．honor

　　.阅读理解

　　Recently，scientists attending a meeting in Chicago presented new

　　studies showing how food and its production affect global warming.They offered some suggestions for how to eat in a more environmentally friendly way.

　　For many years，scientists have warned us that our planet is getting warmer.If current trends continue，animals may start to die off and life could get very difficult for everyone.The temperature is rising because humans have been releasing massive amounts of greenhouse gases into the atmosphere，which surround the planet and keep heat from escaping.One of these gases is carbon dioxide.

　　Most carbon dioxide we produce comes from the process of making and eating food，the scientists reported in Chicago.The production of meat contributes to a lot of carbon dioxide.And much of meat’s contribution comes from beef，which is responsible for releasing even more greenhouse gases into the atmosphere.

　　The process of making a hamburger，for example，requires a lot of energy.A cow has to be fed and raised，and cow’s wastes are a major source of greenhouse gases.After the cow is killed，the meat has to be processed and shipped to a consumer，which takes fuel.And most of the cow won’t even be used for meat people eat.

　　By the time a hamburger finally lands on a dinner plate，it has taken a heavy toll on the environment.It is believed that the process of making a half­pound all­beef burger adds about 19 times the weight of hamburgers in carbon dioxide.

　　The message is clear：We can greatly reduce the production of greenhouse gases by eating less beef.Other kinds of meat like pork and chicken do less harm to the environment—at least in terms of the amount of greenhouse gases released.Nathan Pelletier，a scientist at Dalhousie University in Canada，reported that if everyone in industrial countries ate chicken instead of beef，we would cut the Earth’s greenhouse gases by more than half.

　　All kinds of meat，the scientists reported，are harder on the planet than vegetables.To grow and eat a pound of potatoes，for example，sends less than one quarter pound of carbon dioxide into the air.So shifting our diet to less meat and more vegetables may do the world some good.

　　1．The text mainly tells us ________.

　　A．what we eat can affect the whole planet

　　B．the way we live affects the environment

　　C．how we can save energy on the Earth

　　D．how we can produce environment­friendly food

　　2．What is likely to happen if the climate is getting warmer according to the passage?

　　A．Sea level will continue to rise sharply.

　　B．Human beings won’t have enough food.

　　C．It would be very hard for man to survive.

　　D．All the animals and plants will disappear.

　　3．Why does the author mention the process of making a hamburger?

　　A．To show meat is usually part of a hamburger.

　　B．To illustrate that our food contributes to greenhouse gases.

　　C．To prove making a hamburger is a complex process.

　　D．To suggest a lot of energy is needed to make hamburgers.

　　4．The author believes one effective way to fight global warming is ________.

　　A．we should eat no pork and no chicken

　　B．we should eat more chicken than beef

　　C．we should eat not meat but vegetables

　　D．we should eat less meat and more vegetables

　　5．Which of the following statements would Nathan Pelletier agree to?

　　A．Eating pork and chicken is more environmentally friendly.

　　B．Meat consumption is the main cause of greenhouse gases.

　　C．People in industrial countries consume more beef than fish.

　　D．Eating more beef is a more efficient way to save more energy.

　　.任务型读写/任务型阅读

　　Some people believe that greed and selfishness have become the basis of modern society, and we should return to the old traditions of family and community then we will have a better life.To what extent do you agree or disagree with the above opinion?

　　In this fast­paced world, many values are undergoing major changes.While people traditionally prioritize caring, sharing and generosity in life and work, modern people seem to be more self­absorbed and self­concerned.

　　Modern people act selfishly to survive the harsh competition of life.They say that it is a jungle out there.To survive, you have to fight with whatever means that come handy.Obviously greedy and selfishness go perfectly well with such ideas.In a company, employees do everything they can to get better pay and higher position，even at the cost of colleagues.We are in any way advocating any selfish conduct.It is just that people are pressured to act in a certain way due to the outside influences.

　　In spite of common practice, it is hard to conclude that modern society is built on greed and selfishness, both of which are not newly invented vocabulary.In ancient times people also did greedy and selfish things though such behaviors were more condemned then.But we can not ignore the fact that people in the past lived a relatively more isolated life and faced less pressure compared with their modern counterparts.

　　Are we happier to share with others and be generous to them? There is no fixed answer either.Some people take great pleasure helping and giving care to others while others feel happy doing the opposite.But I personally think that people should not be too selfish.Caring for others can actually encourage the development of a mutually beneficial relationship.

　　In conclusion, modern people appear to be more self­centered than those in the past due to the strong outside pressure.However, we should encourage people to know the importance of being caring and generous and to build a mutually beneficial relationship with others.

　　Are Modern People Becoming More Selfish？

　　Main comparisons Contexts

　　1.________ are changing In the past people put caring, sharing and generosity in the first 2.________.

　　Nowadays, people seem to be more 3.________ about themselves.

　　4.________

　　are changing too People in the past appeared to be modest and self­effacing(谦让的)．

　　People now may strive to achieve their own 5.________ at the price of their co­workers.

　　The author’s understanding

　　6.________ for the changes in author’s eyes Fierce 7.____________ and great 8.________ on modern people may be responsible for the changes.

　　The author’s

　　9．________ towards topic A relationship which can 10.________ two sides should be established.

　　答案

　　课堂活动区

　　1．explanation

　　活学活用

　　(1)explained to　(2)①explain to us　②explanation for

　　(3)D　[in explanation of是固定词组，意为“解释”。句意为：老师问：“这一次你将用什么话来为自己经常迟到辩解？”]

　　2．活学活用

　　(1)in/at fault　(2)finding fault with　(3)shortcomings；fault

　　fault，shortcoming

　　二者都含有“缺点”之意。

　　(1)fault侧重表示影响到某人或某物达到完美无缺程度的缺陷或不足之处。

　　(2)shortcoming侧重表示人或物的不足、缺点或缺陷，常含有“虽有不足但已不错”之意。

　　(4)C　[fault表示“(承担错误的)责任；过失”；error 强调“违反某一既定标准，不经心而做了错事，产生偏差、疏忽或行动上的错误”；mistake 指由于“粗心、不注意或由于理解、认识或判断上的不正确而造成行动或看法上的错误，有时这种错误是无意的”。]

　　3．活学活用

　　(1)scenery；sights；view；scene

　　scene，scenery，sight，view

　　(1)scene指展现在眼前的情景，也可以指scenery的一部分，大多包括景物中的人及活动在内。

　　(2)scenery指某地总的自然风光或景色，尤指美丽的乡间景色。

　　(3)sight既可以指场景，眼前看到的景观，也可以指名胜、风景，在表示“名胜、风景”时，用复数形式。

　　(4)view常指从某个位置或角度所看到的景色，指“视野，眼界”。还可表示“观点”。

　　(2)D　[此处是定语从句，where作地点状语，相当于in which。]

　　4．活学活用

　　(1)marked with　(2)B

　　5．活学活用

　　(1)(should) go　(2)stick to；insist on

　　insist on，stick to

　　(1)insist on坚决要求，坚持认为，是对“要求、看法、意见或主张”的坚持。

　　(2)stick to是对“愿望、原则、决定、诺言、意见、理想或某种理论”的坚持不渝。

　　(3)D　[句意为：Sam坚持说他没犯法(应用真实语气)，坚持他不应受到惩罚(应用虚拟语气)。故选D项。]

　　6．活学活用

　　(1)spare no effort　(2)①spare time　②spares no effort to help　③spare his family any time

　　(3)D　[句意为：让我们尽最大努力来完成这项计划。A、B、C项都有此意。]

　　7．suggestion

　　活学活用

　　(1)(should) be started　(2)he was from

　　(3)①advise　②suggested　③suggestion

　　suggest，advise

　　(1)advise后可跟带不定式的复合宾语，即advise sb.to do sth.，而suggest则不能。

　　(2)advise的名词形式advice为不可数名词，如a piece of advice；suggest的名词形式suggestion为可数名词，如a suggestion。

　　(3)表示“提出，暗示，表明”时用suggest，而advise无此含义。

　　suggest，advise

　　(1)advise后可跟带不定式的复合宾语，即advise sb.to do sth.，而suggest则不能。

　　(2)advise的名词形式advice为不可数名词，如a piece of advice；suggest的名词形式suggestion为可数名词，如a suggestion。

　　(3)表示“提出，暗示，表明”时用suggest，而advise无此含义。

　　(4)B　[suggest doing sth.固定用法；第二个空由于主句中suggest的意思为“暗示”，固其后的宾语从句应用陈述语气。]

　　8．活学活用

　　(1)deal with；dealing with；do with

　　deal with，do with

　　(1)这两个短语都可表示“处理”，但用法不同。用于特殊疑问句时，deal with常与how连用，do with常与what连用。

　　(2)deal with还可表示“与……相处；关于；与……有生意往来”。

　　(2)D　[由于句中有how，所以应用deal with，表示如何处理；handle with应去掉with。]

　　9．活学活用

　　(1)to have arrived

　　(2)C　[句意为：火车应该于1130到，结果晚了一个小时。be supposed to应该。]

　　10．活学活用

　　(1)went off　(2)when the telephone rang

　　(3)D　[考查动词短语辨析。句意为：你可以帮我检查一下这个表格填得是否正确吗？take off脱下；起飞；look after照顾；give up放弃；go over复习；仔细查看。]

　　11．活学活用

　　(1)feel myself　(2)you feel like it

　　(3)B　[由句意可知，应是“感到不拘束”；feel at home感到不拘束。]

　　12．活学活用

　　(1)from now on　(2)Now that dinner is ready

　　(3)D　[句意为：既然工作没了，Lucy已在考虑重返校园，但她还没有做出决定。now that＝since既然。]

　　13．房间里一片狼藉，地板上扔着许多比萨饼盒子，洗碗池里堆着未洗的碗碟。

　　活学活用

　　(1)With so many essays to write

　　(2)With winter coming on

　　(3)with his homework finished

　　(4)B　[介词with的复合结构。句意为：经济危机正变得越来越严重，政府正寻找办法提高人们的生活水平。]

　　(5)A　[“with＋宾语＋宾补”结构中，宾补表示完成时用过去分词。]

　　14．埃里克坐在床上，瞧着双臂交叉、表情愤怒的丹尼尔。

　　活学活用

　　(1)had nobody　(2)had me find

　　(3)have that bad tooth pulled out

　　(4)D　[have sth.done叫人做某事。答句意为：——我想叫人称一下包裹，女士。]

　　(5)B

　　课外练习区

　　Ⅰ.1.reasonable explanation；rude behavior；fault；punishment　2.truth；selflessness；valuable；selfishness；silly

　　3．surprising；interests；bores

　　Ⅱ.1.makes no difference　2.wait your turn　3.is；hard on

　　4．is crazy about　5.After all　6.argued；out of　7.had gone out　8.be angry with　9.had taken；advice

　　10．were mixed up

　　Ⅲ.1.supported；walking　2.thought；to which；was

　　3．Now that；have been　4.with whom

　　5．How；had been　6.as if/as though (he was going)

　　Ⅳ.

　　1．A　[选项A为省略了that的宾语从句，the reason应与explain搭配。]

　　2．C　[find fault with sb.固定搭配。]

　　3．A　[由语境可知，此处应是“小声说”，故选A项。]

　　4．C　[由语境可知，此处指的是“杀人的动机”。]

　　5．A　[be marked with...标有……的记号。过去分词短语作定语，其完整形式为：that/which was marked with the word “WAF”。]

　　6．D　[后一句意为：没关系，毕竟(after all)你已尽力了。]

　　7．A　[after all毕竟；as a result结果；in other words换句话说，也就是说；as usual和往常一样。只有A符合语境。]

　　8．B　[be hard on sb.对某人冷酷/严厉，mean to do打算……。]

　　9．B　[句意为：他们外出度假时，孩子们由邻居照顾。in the charge of...由……负责/照看；in charge of...照看/负责……。C项应在under后加the。]

　　10．D　[考查非限制性定语从句，which指的是the top，故D符合语境。]

　　11．B　[从句子结构可知，此处应是考查非限制性定语从句。]

　　12．B　[分词作表语。逻辑主语(you)与seat之间是被动关系，故用过去分词。]

　　13．B　[分词作伴随状语。逻辑主语he与stop是主动关系，且分词的动作与句子谓语动词动作同时发生，故用现在分词的一般式。]

　　14．C　[分词作时间状语，逻辑主语the old man与wait是主动关系，且分词的动作发生在句子谓语动词动作之前，故用现在分词的完成式。]

　　15．D　[wish 后的从句应用虚拟语气，从句意可知这里是对过去的虚拟。]

　　Ⅴ.1.vacation　2.disappointed　3.soccer　4.frightened　5.explanation　6.Expressing　7.Comforting　8.calm　9.regretful　10.punishing

　　Ⅵ.

　　1．B　[考查语境中不定代词的辨析。不管是什么事情，“我”尝试过之后才会说是否喜欢。此处something“某事”，指不确定的事情，符合题意。everything每一件事，语意不恰当；根据本句中的it可知此处指的是“事情”，而不是“人”，由此可排除C、D两项。]

　　2．A　[考查固定句型。本句是“not...until...”句型，表示“直到……才……”。此处是指直到尝试过之后“我”才会说是否喜欢某事。ever since自从；so that用来引导目的或结果状语从句；long before很久以前，都不符合语境。]

　　3．D　[考查语境中动词的辨析。多年以来，“我”开始“意识到”自己的成功在很大程度上应该归功于父亲传授给“我”的价值观。结合本句中的“Over the years”和“come to”可知此处是指“我”逐渐意识到的过程，因此A项在语意上不恰当；include包括；argue争论，与语意不符。]

　　4．C　[考查语境选词。“我”后来意识到自己取得成功的主要原因是把父亲的话作为了自己的价值观之一。此处强调的是“我”对父亲的那些话的接受，故答案选C。]

　　5．D　[考查上下文暗示。根据本句中的“until”可知“我”在选定职业之前只是想先找一份工作暂时工作两三年，由此可判断此处是指“我”的“第一”份工作。文章中没有提“我”此前已经有了一份工作，所以C项不正确。]

　　6．A　[考查语境中动词的辨析。“我”决定先暂时尝试一份工作，工作两三年后再“决定”自己的职业。后三项分别表示“检查”、“经历”、“介绍”，都不符合语境。]

　　7．A　[考查语境中副词的辨析。结合上一句中的“a couple of years”和本句中的“a few years”可知，“我”“实际上”认为自己会一直工作若干年，然后结婚生子，养家糊口。B、C、D三项均不符合上下文逻辑。]

　　8．D　[考查语境中动词的辨析。由上文可知，“我”认为自己所从事的工作并不太“重要”，此处matter表示“要紧，有重大影响”。A、B、C三项分别表示“帮助”、“要求”、“表达”，不符合语境。]

　　9．B　[考查上下文逻辑。下文提到“我”不断尝试新的挑战，从而掌握了不同的技能。由此可推断“我”当时的想法是极其“错误的”。本句中否定词与比较级连用表示最高级含义。]

　　10．C　[考查语境中动词短语的辨析。“我”掌握了岗位要求的技能后又得到了“升迁”的机会，此处move up表示“提升”。look up查阅，抬头看；take up占用，从事，接受；put up举起，张贴，都不符合语境。]

　　11．D　[考查生活常识。因为“我”敢于尝试新的挑战，所以在公司中被提升到不同的“职位”，此处position表示“职位，岗位”。前三项分别表示“情况”、“选择”、“方向”，都与所给语境不符。]

　　12．A　[考查上下文照应。根据本句后半句引号中的内容可知这是“我”当时内心的“想法”。文章中没有提到“我”需要回答别人的询问，所以B项不正确；此处显然也不是给别人的建议，因此D项错误；action行动，与后面引号中的内容不符。]

　　13．C　[考查上下文逻辑。“我”当时抓住机会去尝试，心想如果不喜欢所从事的工作，总可以回到“先前的”岗位上去。此处没有提到工作的难易，所以A项不恰当。]

　　14．D　[考查语境选词。由上下文可知“我”在同一个公司工作了28年，并在不同的岗位学到很多不同的技巧。由此可知“我”非常“喜欢”每一次职业改变。前三项分别表示“允许”、“数”、“组织”，都不符合语境。]

　　15．B　[考查语境中动词的辨析。上文提到“我”在公司中不断升迁，从事过很多岗位的工作，由此可知“我”“拥有”了不同的才能和技能。此处是指“我”在不同的工作岗位上得到了锻炼，所以A项的语义不恰当。]

　　16．C　[考查语境中形容词短语的辨析。“我”之所以拥有了不同的才能和技能是因为“我”敢于尝试新的挑战，此处open to表示“思想开明的”。上文提到父亲的话对“我”产生了重要影响，所以此处强调的不是幸运，因此A项不恰当。]

　　17．C　[考查语境中动词短语的辨析。此处是指“我”“相信”自己所从事的工作。think of想起；give away泄露，赠送；turn into变成，都与所给语境不符。]

　　18．B　[考查语境中名词的辨析。“我”认为如果相信自己所从事的工作并持之以恒地为实现目标而奋斗，就可以成功。achieve one’s goal表示“实现目标”。business商业，生意；growth增长，语义不恰当；fortune财富，不是文章的侧重点。]

　　19．A　[考查语境中形容词的辨析。由上文可知“我”此时已经是一名成功人士，此处表示“我”为目前的成就感到无比“兴奋”。B、C两项是同义词，可排除；D项侧重个人的作用，不符合语境。]

　　20．B　[考查逻辑推理。“我”认为“时机”已经来临并决定在工作中取得成功。dream在文章中没有信息支持。power权力；honor荣誉，都与所给语境不符。]

　　Ⅶ.

　　1．A　[主旨大意题。文章的第一段通常表明文章的话题。结合本文第一段和全文的内容可判断出文章的话题是食物对全球气候的影响。]

　　2．C　[细节理解题。根据文章第二段的内容可知，如果全球变暖的趋势持续下去，动物可能开始灭绝，人类的生存更加困难。C项的陈述与第二段中的“life could get very difficult for everyone”意义相符。]

　　3．B　[推理判断题。第三段的第一句告诉我们：科学家们认为，人类在食物生产的过程中制造了大量的二氧化碳，而二氧化碳正是造成温室效应的气体之一。在第四段中作者用制作汉堡的例子来证明自己的观点。]

　　4．D　[细节理解题。根据最后一段的内容可知，科学家发现所有的肉类对地球的危害都比蔬菜大，饲养动物比种植蔬菜消耗的能量多得多。因此，如果我们能少吃肉多吃蔬菜，就会对地球有益。D项的陈述符合最后一段的意思。]

　　5．A　[推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段中Nathan Pelletier所说的话可知，鸡肉比牛肉释放的温室气体要少一些。]

　　Ⅷ.1.Values　2.place　3.concerned　4.Behaviors

　　5．goals　6.Reasons　7.competition　8.pressure

　　9．attitude　10.benefit