2016届高考英语冲刺写作必考话题：2-4 unit4 wildlife protection

　　②The children's faces are badly out of focus in the photograph.照片上孩子的脸模糊不清。 ③The programme was intended to ________________global economy.

　　该议程计划集中讨论全球经济问题。 答案　③focus attention on 巧学助记　 harm vt.&n.伤害，损害

　　(教材原句)someone who does terrible things to harm countries, governments and people.

　　做了恶劣的行径危害国家、政府和人民的人。

　　(1)do harm to对……造成伤害

　　do sb harm＝do harm to sb伤害某人；对某人有害

　　There is no harm in doing sth做某事无害处 (2)harmful adj.有害的，导致损害的

　　be harmful to...对……有害 ①All we know is that a low level is harmful to brain development and makes a baby easily annoyed. (2012·广东卷，B)

　　我们都知道(血糖)低对大脑发育有害而且使婴儿易怒。 ②His film was a complete failure, and this did his reputation a lot of harm.

　　他的电影彻底失败了，这使他的声誉受到很大损害。 ③If you want to solve the problem this way, ________________him.如果你想以这种方式处理问题，你不妨给他打个电话。 答案　③there is no harm in calling fancy vt.(非正式)想要做；幻想n.喜爱；想法

　　adj.花样的，高级的；昂贵的

　　(教材原句)And do you fancy going to the dance on Saturday night？在星期六晚上你想跳舞吗？

　　(1)fancy doing sth想做某事

　　fancy oneself as自视为

　　(2)take a fancy to爱上，喜欢上 ①He fancies himself as the fastest swimmer.

　　他认为自己是最快的游泳选手。 ②The children have taken quite a fancy to their new teacher.孩子们很快喜欢上了他们的新老师。 ③Generally speaking, no one________________in the rain.一般说来，没人喜欢在雨中行走。 答案　③fancies walking settle

　　vi.定居，安家；停留

　　vt.安排，解决，处理；决定；安放

　　(教材原句)The history of the city goes back 650 years when the Maoris settled in the area.这个城市的历史要追溯到650年前，当时毛利人定居在这个地区。

　　(1)settle sth处理、解决某事；决定、确定某事

　　settle to do sth决定做某事 (2)settle down定居；稳定；平静下来；舒适地坐下

　　settle down to (doing) sth开始专心于某事，着手认真做某事

　　settle in定居；迁入(新居) ①When I settled in Chicago, my new city seemed so big and unfriendly. (2012·安徽卷完形填空)

　　当我住在芝加哥，我的新城市看起来是那么的大、不友善。 ②They settled their dispute in a friendly way that most people advocated.他们友好地解决了他们的争端，这种方式是大多数人所提倡的。 ③I must ________________writing the book.It is very urgent.

　　我真的得安下心来写完这本书了，事情很急。 答案　③settle down to finishing view n．景色；风景；视野；观点；意见

　　vt.眺望；观察；观看；看作

　　(教材原句)In the city, you can enjoy an amazing view for the Sky Tower, which is the city's tallest Tower.

　　在这座城市里，你可以享受天空塔的迷人风景，它是这座城市最高的塔。

　　(1)come/burst into view进入视野，出现在眼前

　　in view在视野中

　　view on/about...对……的看法

　　in one's view＝in the view of sb在某人看来 (2)view...as把……视为 ①Regardless of anyone's view on the subject, it's hard to imagine what life would be like without daily advancements in technology. (2012·江苏卷完形填空)

　　尽管在这个问题上观点不同，如果没有日新月异的技术进步，难以想象生活会是什么样。 ②We kept the other car in view for a while, but then lost sight of it.我们跟着另一辆车开了一会儿，但接着就看不见那辆车了。 ③Something that I had never seen before________________ suddenly.

　　某种我从来没有见过的东西突然出现在眼前。 词语辨析

　　view 指从远处、高处或特定角度所见的“风景、景色”。 sight 指视力所及的“景观，情景”，也可指人文景观，常用复数。 scene 指局部的风景(其中可包含人物和动作)，还可指戏剧、舞台上的局部“场景”，事情发生的“现场”。 scenery 指某地总的自然风景或景色，尤指美丽的乡间景色。 ④The mountain hotel offered magnificent________. ⑤There is a happy________of children playing in the garden. ⑥The Imperial Palace(故宫)is one of the ________ of China. ⑦The road passes through the most charming________________________________________________________________________. 答案　③came/burst into view　④views　⑤scene　 ⑥sights　⑦scenery 巧学助记　欣赏不同的“风景” get in touch 取得联系

　　(教材原句)Get in touch.取得联系。

　　keep/stay in touch with与……保持联系；继续关注某事物

　　be in touch with与……一直有联系

　　be out of touch with与……一直没有联系；不再了解(某物)

　　lose touch with与……失去联系 ①Don't assume it is OK to be rude if the person you're in touch with won't recognize you. (2016·安徽卷，D)

　　如果你有联系的人没有认出你来的话，不要认为用不礼貌的方式去做是可以的。 ②In Philippine government ministers are often being accused of being out of touch with real life.

　　在菲律宾政府部长们经常被指责脱离实际生活。 ③I'm trying to ________________ Jane.Do you have her number?

　　我正在设法和简取得联系。你有她的电话号码吗？ 答案　③get in touch with (be) up to 做，忙于，从事于；多达；达到(数量/规格)；胜任；直到……为止；取决于，由……决定；是……的责任

　　(教材原句)What are you up to this weekend，John?

　　约翰，这个周末你打算做什么？ 观察句子，写出下列黑体部分的含义 ①The children are very quiet.I wonder what they are up to.________ ②It's up to you whether we accept the present or not.________ ③John was dismissed because he wasn't up to his work.________ ④Some study rooms are for 2～3 people and others can hold up to 6～8 people.

　　(2016·天津卷，A) ________ 答案　①做，忙于　②取决于　③胜任　④达到 as well as 也；还；而且；除了……之外，还有……

　　(教材原句)Famous sights include Mt Eden, one of many large volcanoes, as well as the Auckland Harbour Bridge.著名的风景包括大型火山之一——伊甸山，还有奥克兰海湾大桥。 (1)由as well as连接并列主语时，谓语动词的人称和数与前者保持一致。 (2)may/might as well最好……；还是……为好；不妨 (3)as well也，还 ①“It has really helped me to improve my confidence and social skills as well as my school grades and I was voted most improved pupil at school in August.” (2016·福建卷，E)

　　“这真的帮助我提高我的信心和社会技能以及我的学校成绩，在八月我被评为在学校里进步最快的学生。” ②E­mail, as well as telephone, ________________daily communication.

　　电子邮件与电话一样在日常通讯中起着重要作用。 ③________________， he hurt his arm. 他不仅伤了腿，也摔断了手臂。 答案　②is playing an important part in　 ③As well as breaking his leg

　　[句 式 诠 释] (教材原句)It is clear that we are going to see a huge growth in shopping on the Internet.很显然，我们将会看到网上购物的巨大增长。

　　在It's...that...句式中，it替代后面that引导的主语从句作形式主语。 常见it替代后面的从句作形式主语的句式有： (1)It is＋adj.＋that­clause (2)It is＋n.＋that­clause (3)It is said/believed/reported/hoped/announced...that­clause (4)It＋vi.＋that­clause ①It is obvious that this destruction will become more dangerous in the future.

　　很明显这种破坏在未来会变得更加危险。 ②________________the spilt milk.(谚语)覆水难收。 ③It is believed that China will make greater progress in the space cause.

　　人们相信中国会在航天领域取得更大的进步。 ④It appears that they will win the game.

　　他们似乎要赢得这场比赛。 答案　②It's no use crying over (教材原句)Some experts see our future in virtual reality—the use of computers with sounds and pictures that make you feel as if you are in a real situation.有些专家看到虚拟现实的未来——运用计算机产生的声音和视觉效果，使你感觉好像生活在现实中一样。

　　(1)as if“好像，似乎”引导表语从句，用于句型“It looks/seems as if...”中。它也可引导状语从句。 (2)省略：如果as if/though引导的方式状语从句为主系表结构且其主语与主句主语一致，则可省略其中的主语和系动词。 (3)语气：如果as if/though引导的从句表示实现的可能性很小或与事实相反，则用虚拟语气；如果实现的可能性较大，则用陈述语气。 ①An actor and actress stood in front of the scene so that they looked as if they were at the water's edge on an island. (2012·全国卷，C)

　　男女演员站在幕前就好像真的在一个岛的水边一样。 ②He opened his mouth________________to me.

　　他张开嘴好像要对我说些什么。

　　答案　②as if to say something (教材原句)But I still find it hard to imagine.

　　但我还是觉得难以想象。

　　(1)该句型为：动词＋it＋宾语补足语＋不定式短语。it作形式宾语，代替后面真正的宾语——不定式短语。it作形式宾语在英语中很常见，也很重要。 (2)常用于此句型的动词有find, think, feel, consider, make等。 ①I find it important for us to learn English well.

　　我发觉对我们来说学好英语是重要的。 ②I found it ________________ the people there.

　　我发现很容易和那儿的人相处。

　　答案　②easy to get along with 考点归纳拓展 基础知识通关 [写 作 必 备] 基础词汇 1．reply v．&n. 答复 2．accumulate v.

　　积累 3．appreciate v.

　　感激 4．desire v．&n.

　　渴望 5．prepare v.

　　准备 6．intend v.

　　意欲，打算 ·必考话题4　计划和愿望 7．without delay

　　毫不延迟地 8．be meant to do sth

　　意在做某事 9．look forward to

　　盼望 10．make full use of

　　充分利用 提分句型 1．Would you please ring me up to let me know if you can come to the party?

　　请打电话来告诉我你能否来参加聚会，好吗？ 2．We would be looking forward to your coming with great pleasure.我们高兴地期待着你的到来。 3．We sincerely hope that you can make it.

　　我们真诚地希望你能参加。 1．未及时回信的原因。 2．你假期的打算(如做兼职、旅行、做志愿者等)。 注意：1.词数：120～150； 2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

　　________________________________________________________________________________________________ [美 文 赏 析] 素材示例　(2016·山东卷)假设你是新华中学的学生李华，你的美国朋友Tom一周前给你发电子邮件，询问你暑假里的打算，但你因准备期末考试未能及时回复。请根据以下要点给他回封邮件：

　　How are you doing？You asked me in your last letter about my plans for the coming summer vacation. I am sorry that I didn't reply

　　without delay.How I wish I would read and reply your email as soon as I received it①. However，I was

　　busy preparing for my final exams at that time，which is vital for me.As a result，I had no choice but to completely focus on my study②，for which I am very sorry.I hope you can understand me. 佳作播报

　　Dear Tom， During the holiday，I am going to do a part­time job.On the one hand③， I can earn some money to lighten the burden of my family.On the other hand③，I can accumulate the

　　social experience，which

　　does good to my future life.At the same time，I will not forget to go over my lessons.I will spend an instructive holiday.How will you spend your holiday？I hope you have a good time. These are my plans for the summer vacation.What's yours？I am looking forward to

　　your earliest reply. Li Hua 1．How I wish I would...，wish后跟宾语从句时，从句要用虚拟语气。

　　[模拟]　I wish you wouldn't leave your clothes all over the floor.

　　我真希望你不把衣服丢得满地都是。 2．have no choice but to do sth.

　　除了做某事，别无选择。

　　[模拟]　I was short of money and had no choice but to go home.

　　我缺钱，除了回家外别无选择。 3．On the one hand，...on the other hand...

　　一方面……，另一方面……，通常用于引出不同的、尤指对方的观点、思想等。

　　[模拟]　On the one hand they'd love to have kids，but on the other hand，they don't want to give up their freedom.

　　一方面，他们想要孩子，但是另一方面他们又不想放弃自由自在的生活。

　　Ⅰ.核心单词 1．________(adj.)有可能的(adv.)(与most, very连用)可能 2．________(vi.)集中注意 3．________(n.)真实，现实→________(adj.)真实的，现实的→________(adv.)真实地→________(vt.)实现；意识到 4．________(n.)犯罪，罪行→________(n.)罪犯adj.犯罪的 5．________(n.)恐怖分子→________(n.)恐怖主义→________(n.)恐怖→________(vt.)使恐怖；使惊吓 6．________(n.)时髦，时尚→________(adj.)时髦的，时尚的；流行款式的 7．________(n.)娱乐，款待→________(vt.)使娱乐；款待 8．________(vt.&n.)伤害，损害→________(adj.)有伤害的→________(adj.)无害的 9．________(vt.)(非正式)想要做；幻想 10．________(adj.)明显的，显而易见的→________(adv.)明显地 11．________(adj.)科学的→________(n.)科学→________(n.)科学家 12．________(n.)建议，提议→________(vt.)建议，提议 13．________(n.)安排→________(vt.)安排 14．________(n.)观光，游览→________(n.)旅行者，观光者→________(n.)旅游，旅行 15．________(n.)指南；导游；向导→________(n.)指导；引导；领导 16．________(vi.&vt.)定居；解决→________(n.)解决，定居地 17．________(adj.)定期的；规则的→________(adv.)定期地；规则地 18．________(adj.)吸引人的，有魅力的→________

　　(n.)吸引力；具有吸引力的事物或人→________(vt.)吸引 19．________(n.)景色，风景 答案　1.likely　2.focus　3.reality；real；really；realize 4．crime；criminal　15.terrorist；terrorism；terror；terrify 6．fashion；fashionable　7.entertainment；entertain 8．harm；harmful；harmless　9.fancy　10.obvious；obviously　11.scientific；science；scientist　12.suggestion；suggest　13.arrangement；arrange　14.tourism；tourist；tour　15.guide；guidance　16.settle；settlement 17．regular；regularly　18.attractive；attraction；attract　19.view Tourism is in fashion.I suggest a tour to the newly­built park as our destination for entertainment at the weekend，where the artificial scenery is very attractive.How about the arrangement？Never destroy the plan.Let's make it a reality. ——词不离句，句不离段 Ⅱ.重点短语 1．(愿望、梦想等)实现 ________________ 2．好像，仿佛

　　________________ 3．和……取得联系

　　________________ 4．做，从事于

　　________________ 5．也，又

　　________________ 6．被认为是

　　________________ 7．组成，构成

　　________________ 8．做实验

　　________________ 9．give up

　　________________ 10．hang on

　　________________ 11．in the flesh

　　________________ 12．consist of

　　________________ 13．cut off

　　________________ 14．have problems with

　　________________ 15．keep contact with

　　________________ 答案　1.come true　2.as if/as though　3.get in touch (with)　4.be up to　5.as well as　6.be known as 7．make up　8.do/make/perform/carry out/conduct experiments　9.放弃　10.(电话用语)别挂断　11.本人亲身　12.由……组成　13.切断，切掉　14.在……方面有问题　15.与……保持联系 ①I'm trying to get in touch with Jane.Do you have her number? ②Finally Wang Yaping dream to become a teacher in space came true. ③Her latest book isn't up to her usual standard. ④I know you are tired, but try to hang on a bit longer. ⑤The story that he told us was partly true and partly made up. ——小试身手，聚焦短语 Ⅲ.经典句式 1．...“it is clear that we are going to see a huge growth in shopping on the Internet.”

　　……“很明显，我们将会看到网上购物的大幅度增长。”

　　[解读]It＋be＋形容词＋that...

　　[模拟]________________(很显然)we are going to see a huge growth in shopping on the Internet. 2．Do you have anything planned for Saturday and Sunday?

　　你周六、周日有什么安排吗？

　　[解读]have sth done过去分词作宾补

　　[模拟]I'll ________________(请人修理电脑)this weekend. 3．Some experts see our future in virtual reality—the use of computers with sounds and pictures that make you feel as if you are in a real situation.

　　有些专家看到了虚拟现实中我们的未来——计算机通过声音和图像使你感到仿佛置身于一个真实的空间。

　　[解读]as if引导的表语从句

　　[模拟]Park Geun­hye，the president of South Korea, speaks Chinese so well ________________(好像是一位中国人)． 4．But I still find it hard to imagine.

　　但是我仍然觉得难以想象。

　　[解读]it作形式宾语

　　[模拟]Many experts ________________(认为很重要) to let students have enough sleep.

　　答案　1.It is obvious that　2.have my computer repaired

　　3．as if she were Chinese　4.think it important Ⅳ.必背句法——will和be going to的用法与虚拟语气(Ⅰ) 用所给动词的适当形式填空 1．Look at the dark clouds.It ________(rain)． 2．—Ann is in hospital.

　　—Oh, really？I didn't know.I______(go) and visit her. 3．If I________(be) you, I________(seize) the chance to go abroad. 4．If I________(see) him tomorrow，I would invite him home. 5．If you________(take) my advice, you________(cry) over your failure now. 答案　1.is going to rain　2.will go　3.were；would seize 4．should see/were to see/saw　5.had taken；wouldn't be crying ①The audience________________be aware of such details.

　　听众们想必不知道这样的细节。 ②I________phone you，________something unforeseen happens.

　　除非发生没预想到的情况，否则我不给你打电话。 ③If you________all the circumstances, you________________me.

　　如果你了解全部情况，你是会原谅我的。 ④If she________trying harder, her parents________be so anxious.

　　如果她更努力一些的话，她的父母也不会那样忧虑了。 —— 条分缕析，步步为营 答案　①will not　②won't；unless　③knew；would forgive　④were；wouldn't

　　[词 汇 精 解] likely adj.有可能的，有希望的

　　adv.(与most, very连用)可能

　　(教材原句)In a book with lots of pictures and charts, I am likely to focus mainly on the written text.对于一本有许多图画和图表的书，我很可能注意书面文字。

　　sb/sth be likely to do某人可能做某事或某事可能发生

　　It is likely that...……是可能的 ①Adults of 65 and older, however, were far more likely to underestimate their future life satisfaction. (2016·湖北卷，E)

　　然而，65岁及以上的老年人更有可能会低估他们未来的生活的满意度。 ②________________he will agree with the plan to advocate a low­carbon lifestyle.

　　他很有可能会同意这个提倡低碳生活的计划。 答案　②It is very likely that focus vi.集中注意；(使)聚焦n.焦点，焦距，聚焦；(活动、兴趣等的)中心，集中点

　　(教材原句)In a book with lots of pictures and charts, I am likely to focus mainly on the written text.在一本有很多图画和图表的书里，我很可能注意书面文字。

　　(1)focus on集中

　　focus one's attention/thoughts/efforts on集中注意力/思想/努力于 (2)in focus焦距对准，清晰

　　out of focus焦距没对准，模糊 ①They focus not on how famous they are but on what they love to do or whatever made them famous in the first place. (2016·北京卷，C)

　　他们并不关注他们多么出名，但是关注他们喜欢做的事或者任何使他们能出名的事。 考点归纳拓展 基础知识通关