2016年高考第二轮复习英语（广东版）专题升级训练卷八语言知识及应用（八）(附答案)

　　2016年高考第二轮复习英语广东版

　　专题升级训练八　语言知识及应用（八）

　　第一节　完形填空

　　A组

　　Are you a man or a mouse？When people ask this question they want to know whether you think you are a __1__ person or a coward（懦夫）．But you will never really know the answer to this question until you are

　　__2__ in real life.Some people think they are brave but when they come face to face with real __3__，they act like cowards.Others think of themselves as cowards，but when they meet danger，they act like __4__.

　　Lenny had always thought of himself as a __5__ person.He got worried before examinations.He worried about his job and his health.All he wanted in life was to be safe and healthy.Then January 5th,2002，a plane __6__ into the Potomac River in Washington.Lenny went to the river to see what was happening.He saw a woman in the __7__ water.Lenny did not feel afraid.He kept very __8__ and did a very courageous thing.He jumped into Potomac，__9__ to the woman，and kept her head above the water.Seventy­eight people died that day.Thanks to Lenny，it was not __10__.

　　When you are in a very dangerous __11__ and feel afraid，the body automatically produces a chemical in the blood.This chemical is called adrenalin（肾上腺激素）．With adrenalin in the blood system，you actually feel stronger and stronger and are __12__ to fight or run away.However，when you are __13__ frightened，the body can produce too much adrenalin.When this __14__，the muscles become very hard and you find you can't __15__ at all.You are paralyzed（使无能为力）with fear.That is why when we are very frightened，we sometimes say we are “petrified”；this word comes from a Greek word “petros”，which means “stone”．We are so frightened that we become stonelike.

　　1．A．brave

　　B．real

　　C．tough

　　D．certain

　　答案：A

　　解析：根据下面的“...or a coward（懦夫）．”以及“Some people think they are brave...”可知，此处应指“一个勇敢的人”，与下面的懦夫相对比。brave意为“勇敢的”，符合语境。

　　2．A．told

　　B．asked

　　C．tested

　　D．examined

　　答案：C

　　解析：根据语境可知，你永远都不会知道这个问题的答案，直到你在真实生活中受过考验。test意为“试验，测试”，符合语境。故选C项。

　　3．A．life

　　B．question

　　C．mouse

　　D．danger

　　答案：D

　　解析：根据下文中的“...when they meet danger...”可知，此处是指有些人自认为很勇敢，但当真的面临危险时，他们却表现得像个懦夫。danger意为“危险，危险物”，符合语境。故选D项。

　　4．A．soldiers

　　B．mice

　　C．heroes

　　D．cowards

　　答案：C

　　解析：句意：其他人认为他们自己是个懦夫，但当真的面临危险时，却表现得像个英雄。由句意可知，此处应选用heroes，意为“英雄”，与前面的懦夫相比较。故选C项。

　　5．A．useful

　　B．brave

　　C．nervous

　　D．terrible

　　答案：C

　　解析：根据下面的具体描述“He got worried before examinations...to be safe and healthy.”可推知，此处应该是指伦尼一直都认为自己是个很紧张的人。nervous意为“紧张的”，符合语境。故选C项。

　　6．A．hit

　　B．crashed

　　C．struck

　　D．felt

　　答案：B

　　解析：根据语境可知，此处是指一架飞机坠落到了河里。crash意为“坠落，坠毁”，符合语境。故选B项。

　　7．A．fresh

　　B．poisonous

　　C．warm

　　D．ice­cold

　　答案：D

　　解析：根据语境可知，此处是指他看到了一个女人在冰冷的水里。ice­cold 意为“冰冷的，冷漠的”，符合语境。fresh意为“新鲜的”，poisonous意为“有毒的，恶毒的”，warm意为“温暖的”，均不符合语境。故选D项。

　　8．A．nervous

　　B．calm

　　C．frightened

　　D．brave

　　答案：B

　　解析：根据下面的“...did a very courageous thing.”可知，此处应该是指他非常镇定而沉着。calm意为“镇定，沉着，平静”，符合语境。故选B项。

　　9．A．went

　　B．helped

　　C．spoke

　　D．swam

　　答案：D

　　解析：上文提到这个女人是在冰冷的水里，所以此处他应该是游向那个女人。swim意为“游泳，游过”，符合语境。故选D项。

　　10．A．an accident

　　B．a mistake

　　C．dangerous

　　D．seventy­nine

　　答案：D

　　解析：根据上文的“Seventy­eight people died that day.”可知，此处应该是指“多亏了伦尼，才不是七十九个人死了”。seventy­nine意为“七十九”，符合语境。故选D项。

　　11．A．situation

　　B．dilemma

　　C．place

　　D．trap

　　答案：A

　　解析：根据语境可知，此处是指当你处于一种危险的情况下。situation意为“情况，处境”，符合语境。dilemma意为“进退两难的处境”，place意为“地点，地方”，trap意为“陷阱，圈套”，均不符合语境。故选A项。

　　12．A．afraid

　　B．unable

　　C．ready

　　D．anxious

　　答案：C

　　解析：根据语境可知，此处是指准备好战斗或逃跑。be ready to do sth意为“准备好做某事”，符合语境。afraid意为“害怕的，恐惧的”，unable意为“不能”，anxious意为“焦虑的，担忧的”，均不符合语境。故选C项。

　　13．A．hardly

　　B．absolutely

　　C．nearly

　　D．slightly

　　答案：B

　　解析：根据语境可知，此处是指当你完全害怕时，你的身体会产生大量的肾上腺激素。absolutely意为“绝对地，完全地”，符合语境。hardly意为“几乎不”，nearly意为“差不多，几乎”，slightly意为“轻微地；纤细地”，均不符合语境。故选B项。

　　14．A．gets

　　B．disappears

　　C．happens

　　D．goes

　　答案：C

　　解析：根据语境可知，当这个发生时，肌肉会变得很硬。happen意为“发生，碰巧”，符合语境。get意为“得到”，disappear意为“消失”，go意为“走，进行”，均不符合语境。故选C项。

　　15．A．move

　　B．drive

　　C．run

　　D．go

　　答案：A

　　解析：根据语境可知，此处是指肌肉变得很硬，甚至一点都不能移动。move意为“移动，搬家”，符合语境。故选A项。

　　第二节　语法填空

　　Have you ever asked yourself why children go to school？You will __16__（probable）say that they go to learn languages，arithmetic，history，science and some other knowledge.That is quite true；but why do they learn these things?

　　We send our children to school to prepare them for the time __17__ they will be big and will have to work for __18__.Nearly everything they study at school has some practical use in their life，but is that __19__ only reason why they go to school?

　　There is more in education than just __20__（learn）facts.We go to school to learn how to learn，so that when we have left school we can continue to learn.A man __21__ really knows how to learn will always be successful，because when he has to do something new，he will not only be able to do it well himself，he will also be able to teach others __22__ to do it in the best way.The __23__（educate）person，on the other hand，is either unable to do something new，or just __24__（do）it badly.The purpose of schools，__25__，is not to teach languages，arithmetic，history，science，etc.，but to teach pupils the way to learn.

　　答案与解析：

　　16．probably　句意：你有可能说他们是去学语言……的。根据语境可知，此处应用probable的副词形式probably修饰动词say。

　　17．when　分析句子成分可知，此句为定语从句，先行词为the time，且定语从句中缺少时间状语，所以应用关系副词when引导，在定语从句中充当时间状语。

　　18．themselves　根据语境可知，此处是指为他们自己工作。所以，此处应用反身代词themselves，意为“他们自己”，符合语境。

　　19．the　句意：但那是他们去上学的唯一理由吗？根据语境可知，此处特指这个唯一的理由．所以用定冠词the。

　　20．learning/to learn　根据语境可知，此处是指了解事实，所以用现在分词learning作动名词或用动词不定式作目的状语。

　　21．who　分析句子成分可知，此句为定语从句，先行词为a man，且从句中缺少主语，所以用关系代词who引导。

　　22．how　teach sb.sth.为固定搭配，______ to do it in the best way为宾语从句，且从句中缺少方式状语，故用关系副词how引导。

　　23．uneducated　根据语境可知，此处是指“无知的人”。uneducated意为“无知的，未受教育的”，符合语境。

　　24．does　根据语境可知，do这个动作发生在现在，所以用一般现在时，又因为主语为the uneducated person，为第三人称单数，所以应用does。

　　25．therefore　根据语境可知，前后两句之间为因果关系，且后一句表示结果，所以应用连词therefore引导，意为“因此，所以”。

　　B组

　　第一节　完形填空

　　When you are having class in the early morning，it is not unusual to notice your classmate sitting beside you yawning.He __1__ that he didn't have a sound sleep the night before.Many __2__ don't get adequate sleep because they are burdened with too much homework，which keeps them up at night doing countless exercise.Some teens cannot __3__ at night even when they want to so much.

　　Researches show that during your teenage years，the body's biological clock is __4__，telling you to sleep later at night and wake up __5__ in the morning.But __6__ in the body clock aren't the only reason teens lose sleep.Lots of people have insomnia（失眠）．The most common cause of insomnia is __7__.But all sorts of things can lead to insomnia，including __8__ discomfort，emotional troubles and even sleeping environment.It's common for everyone to have insomnia occasionally.But if it __9__ for a month or more，go and consult a doctor.

　　Most teens have __10__ sometimes，which may make you sweat.But，if they are too frequent，a person's sleep pattern can be seriously __11__.The most common cause of them is emotional __12__，such as fear，stress or anxiety.If you have them a lot，you're also supposed to talk to a __13__.

　　Medical specialists encourage teens to make lifestyle changes to help them develop good sleeping __14__.Most probably you know that a cup of coffee can keep you __15__ at night，but did you know that playing video games or watching TV does the same?

　　1．A．yells

　　B．proves

　　C．claims

　　D．complains

　　答案：D

　　解析：根据语境可知，此处是指他抱怨昨晚没睡好。complain意为“抱怨，发牢骚”，符合语境。故选D项。

　　2．A．adults

　　B．teens

　　C．parents

　　D．teachers

　　答案：B

　　解析：根据下文中的“...they are burdened with too much homework...”以及“Some teens cannot...”可知，此处应该是指许多学生没有充足的睡眠。teen意为“青少年”，符合语境。故选B项。

　　3．A．study

　　B．work

　　C．sleep

　　D．communicate

　　答案：C

　　解析：根据上文中的“...don't get adequate sleep...”可知，此处是指一些学生在晚上想睡也睡不着。sleep意为“睡，睡觉”，符合语境。故选C项。

　　4．A．broken

　　B．reset

　　C．repaired

　　D．damaged

　　答案：B

　　解析：根据语境可知，此处是指在青少年时期，体内的生物钟被重新设置。reset意为“重置，重新设定”，符合语境。故选B项。

　　5．A．sooner

　　B．earlier

　　C．quicker

　　D．later

　　答案：D

　　解析：根据语境可知，此处是指“晚睡晚起”。later意为“更晚的，更后的，更迟的”，符合语境。故选D项。

　　6．A．changes

　　B．moves

　　C．patterns

　　D．models

　　答案：A

　　解析：根据语境可知，此处是指上文提到的人体生物钟的改变并不是唯一原因。change意为“改变，变化”，符合语境。故选A项。

　　7．A．happiness

　　B．joy

　　C．stress

　　D．homework

　　答案：C

　　解析：根据语境可知，此处是指压力是导致失眠最常见的原因。stress意为“压力，紧张”，符合语境。故选C项。

　　8．A．mental

　　B．physical

　　C．biological

　　D．medical

　　答案：B

　　解析：根据下面的“...emotional troubles and even sleeping environment.”可知，此处应该是指身体上的不舒服也会导致失眠。physical意为“身体的；物理的”，符合语境。故选B项。

　　9．A．helps

　　B．reports

　　C．stops

　　D．lasts

　　答案：D

　　解析：根据语境可知．此处是指偶尔的失眠没多大关系，但持续长时间的失眠就必须看医生了。last意为“持续”，符合语境。故选D项。

　　10．A．nightmares

　　B．dreams

　　C．stress

　　D．change

　　答案：A

　　解析：根据语境可知，此处是指很多学生有时候会做噩梦。nightmare意为“噩梦，可怕的梦”，符合语境。故选A项。

　　11．A．improved

　　B．destroyed

　　C．advanced

　　D．affected

　　答案：D

　　解析：根据语境可知，如果噩梦太频繁的话，一个人的睡眠模式就会被严重影响。affect意为“影响，感染”，符合语境。故选D项。

　　12．A．issue

　　B．affair

　　C．problems

　　D．things

　　答案：C

　　解析：根据语境可知，导致噩梦最普遍的原因是情感问题。problem意为“难题，问题”，符合语境。故选C项。

　　13．A．doctor

　　B．desk­mate

　　C．teacher

　　D．friend

　　答案：A

　　解析：根据文章第二段中的“...go and consult a doctor.”可知，此处应该是指“如果噩梦太多的话，你最好也去看医生”。doctor意为“医生”，符合语境。故选A项。

　　14．A．idea

　　B．habits

　　C．time

　　D．environment

　　答案：B

　　解析：根据语境可知，此处是指帮助他们养成良好的睡眠习惯。habit“习惯，习性”．符合语境。故选B项。

　　15．A．asleep

　　B．alive

　　C．awake

　　D．annoyed

　　答案：C

　　解析：根据语境可知，喝咖啡能提神，能让人兴奋得不能入睡。awake意为“醒着的，唤醒的”，符合语境。故选C项。

　　第二节　语法填空

　　The story happened in Japan __16__ a house was redecorated and the wall inside a room was removed.The inside of the wall was hollow.When the owner of the house removed the wall，he saw a gecko（壁虎）inside the wall.Its tail was pinned by a nail __17__（come）through the wall from outside.

　　The owner was very curious why the gecko was still alive.Then the nail caught his eye.Goodness！It is the nail that was driven here ten years ago when the house was built！How amazing it is __18__ the gecko to have lived in the wall in complete __19__（dark）for ten years!

　　But on second thought，the curious house owner wondered how this gecko could live through 10 years with its tail __20__（nail）down and being unable to go anywhere？So he tried to find out how this small creature could be fed.After a little while，there appeared another gecko with food in __21__ mouth！What a shocking scene！For ten years，this little gecko had never failed to feed the trapped one.

　　The story touched me so __22__（deep）that it is useless to find out __23__ relationships they had between them.Parent __24__ child？Friends？Lovers？Brothers or sisters？__25__ last thing we should do is to abandon your beloved in hardship.

　　答案与解析：

　　16．where　分析句子成分可知，Japan后面为一个定语从句，先行词为Japan，且从句中缺少地点状语，所以用关系副词where。

　　17．coming　根据语境可知，此处应用现在分词作后置定语，修饰a nail。

　　18．for　根据语境可知，此处是指对于the gecko而言是多么令人惊奇。表示“为了；对于”时，应用介词for。

　　19．darkness　根据语境可知，此处是指在完全黑暗的墙里生活。所以此

　　处应填dark的名词形式darkness。

　　20．nailed　此句为with的复合结构，因为tail与nail之间为动宾关系，所以用动词的过去分词nailed。

　　21．its　根据上面的“another gecko”可知，此处应填代词its，指代前面提到的another gecko's。

　　22．deeply　根据语境可知，此处是指“我”被这个故事深深地打动了。所以此处应选deep的副词形式deeply。

　　23．what　分析句子成分可知，find out后面为一个宾语从句，且从句中缺少宾语，所以用连接代词what引导。

　　24．and　根据语境可知，parent与child之间为并列关系，所以用连词and。

　　25．The　根据语境可知，此处特指我们最不想做的一件事，所以应用定冠词the。