2016高考英语总复习精选课件（江苏专用）牛津译林版必修3《Unit 3 Back to the past》

　　5．(2012·苏州模拟)Is the glass believed________by Mary? A．broken

　　B．to be broken C．having been broken

　　D．to have been broken 解析：选D。考查句式。sth.be believed后接不定式，用不定式的完成形式表示动作已经发生；the glass与break之间是动宾关系，要用被动形 式，故选D。 本部分内容讲解结束 按ESC键退出全屏播放 * 6．Our class________________seven small groups. 7．Indiana steel workers ____________ against their bosses，demanding safer work conditions and better pay.

　　is divided into rose up Ⅱ.完成句子 1．这家公司已被一家大公司接管了。 The company____________________ a large one. has been taken over by 2．我们将制定出一个计划，下个月我们就想看到计划实施。 We will________________________，which we’d like to see________________ next month. work out a plan carried out 3．它被命名为哈佛大学来纪念其创立者。 It was named Harvard University __________________________. 4．天气变得非常恶劣，我们不得不原路折回。 The weather became so bad that we had to ________________. in memory of its founder turn back 5．他对这个计划很乐观，你最好别阻拦他。 He ____quite__________________the plan，so you’d better not______________________. is optimistic about stand in his path Ⅲ.单项填空 1．(2012·南通、扬州、泰州模拟)To keep safe________an earthquake，you should remain at a spot in your room where nothing may fall on you. A．in search of

　　B．in advance of C．in terms of

　　D．in case of 解析：选D。本题考查介词短语辨析。in search of寻找；in advance of在……前面，超过；in terms of就……而言；in case of万一，以防。句意：万一地 震，为了保证你的安全，你最好待在一个不会有东西掉下来的地方。故选D。 2．(2012·合肥质检)—How was the school’s sports meet? —We didn’t plan it like that but it________very well. A．tried out

　　B．went out C．worked out

　　D．carried out 解析：选C。答句句意：我们事先并没有那样计划，但最后结果却很好。work out“成功地发展”，符合语意。try out意为“试验”；go out意为“出去，熄灭”；carry out意为“贯彻，实行”。 3．(2012·福建四地六校联考)My parents expected too much of me.When they heard that I had failed in the college entrance examination，they almost________. A．broke up

　　B．broke off C．broke out

　　D．broke down 解析：选D。break up表示“破裂，解体”；break off表示“断开”；break out表示“爆发”；break down表示“抛 锚，崩溃，垮掉”，从语意“父母听到我高考落榜，几乎要崩溃了”，可知选D项。 4．(2011·高考陕西卷)Some insects________the colour of their surroundings to protect themselves. A．take in

　　B．take off C．take on

　　D．take out 解析：选C。句意：为了保护自己，一些昆虫身上呈现与周围环境一样的颜色。take in“理解，吸收，欺 骗”；take off“起飞，脱去”； take on“呈现，承担”；take out “清除，除掉”。 5．Henry has looked up ________ information related to his essay. A．a great deal of

　　B．a number of C．a good many

　　D．a few of 解析：选A。information为不可数名词，应用a great deal of修饰。 (教材P22)Today I saw the ancient Roman city of Pompeii as it was 2,000 years ago. 今天我见到了罗马古城庞贝，它跟两千年前一模一样。 句型精析 【点津】　as it was “和从前一样，原模原样”，as引导方式状语从句，意为“像，按照……的方式”，as＝in the way that。除方式状语从句外，as作连词，还可引导以下几种状语从句。(1)原因状语从句，“由于”,(2)时间状语从句“随着”、“一边…… 一边”、“当……时”,(3)让步状语从句，“尽管，虽然”，必须使用 倒装，即把从句中的表语、状语或谓语动词的一部分提至as前。

　　①Everyone of the students also put a finger in their mouths just as the teacher did. 就像老师那样，每个学生也把一个手指放在他们嘴里。 ②Do as you are told to，or you’ll be fired. 告诉你怎么做你就怎么做，否则你会被解雇。 ③As you were out，I left a message. 你不在，所以我留了一张条儿。 ④As she grew older she gained confidence. 随着年龄的增长她的信心也增强了。 ⑤Happy as they were，there was something missing. 尽管他们很快乐，但总缺少点什么。 ⑥Try as he might，he couldn’t open the door. 他想尽了办法也没能打开门。 跟踪训练 Ⅰ.完成句子 (1)不必改变自己——你这样就很好。 You don’t have to change yourself—you are fine just ________________. as you are (2)如果你不去，我也不去。 If you don’t go，_______/_____________. (3)人们认为这是一艘建于南宋时期的商船。 ________________________________ a merchant ship built in the Southern Song Dynasty. neither nor will I It is believed to have been (4)他指着那扇窗子问：“到底是谁打坏的？” “______________ that broke it？” he asked，____________ the window. Who was it pointing at Ⅱ.单项填空 1．(2012·泰州联考)After the bell rang， a group of teachers________ the lesson，stood up and came out of the classroom，________the students. A．attending；following

　　B．attended；followed C．attending；followed

　　D．attended；following

　　解析：选A。本题考查非谓语动词。attending是现在分词作定语，following是现在分词作状语表示伴 随。故选A。 2．(2012·扬州联考)David was invited to dinner，but with his work_____，he had to decline it. A．undone

　　B．undoing C．having undone

　　D．was undone 解析：选A。本题考查非谓语动词。with后接分词短语，再由句意可知此处表示工作还没有完成，故要用过去分词。即A项为正确答案。 3．At the back of the garden_____，which gives us much shade. A．a tall tree standing

　　B．does a tall tree stand C．stands a tall tree

　　D．standing a tall tree 解析：选C。句意：花园后面一棵 大树耸立着，它给我们带来了很多 阴凉。表示方位的介词短语提前， 因此句子要用全部倒装。 4．—It’s very cold today，isn’t it? —Yes.________yesterday. A．So was it

　　B．So it was C．So it is

　　D．So is it 解析：选A。考查“so＋系动词/助动词/情态动词＋主语”，表示后面所述情况和前面情况类似。 3．He was ____________by power and ambition. 4．The Victorians regarded the railways as bringing progress and ____________. 5．The boat sank ____________the waves. corrupted civilization beneath 6．The movie was not a ____________success. 7．He was the most distinguished____________in his field. commercial scholar Ⅱ.单项填空 1．(2011·高考福建卷)Tsinghua University，________in 1911，is home to a great number of outstanding figures. A．found　B．founding C．founded

　　D．to be founded 解析：选C。句意：清华大学，创办于1911年，是许多杰出人物的母校。本题考查非谓语动词作定语。首先排除found，因为found作“创办”讲 时，为动词原形， 不是非谓语动 词；被修饰词Tsinghua University与found(创办)为被动关系，故排除 B项；C项表被动且完成；D项表将 来。根据题意可知C项为正确答案。founded in 1911在句中相当于非限制性定语从句which was founded

　　in 1911。

　　2．The judges had different ideas about the results，so it was two hours before the results were ________. A．cried out

　　B．let out C．announced

　　D．declared 解析：选D。announce 多用于宣布人们所关心或感兴趣的事情，尤指资讯之类的消息；declare 多用于宣战、议和等；cry out 喊出来；let out 泄露，放大。句意：法官对结果有不同的意见，所以两个小时后才宣布结果。 3．(2012·盐城统考)With the reputation ________，food companies need to ________ their image. A．ruining；promote

　　B．ruined；polish up C．to ruin；improve

　　D．to be ruined；change 解析：选D。第一空考查with引导的复合结构，to be ruined表示将要被毁 坏，而ruined表示已彻底毁坏。第二空考查动词辨析。promote“促进”；polish up“修改，润饰”；improve“提高，改善(生活)”；change“改 变”。根据句意，D项正确。 4．(2010·高考重庆卷)The palace caught fire three times in the last century，and little of the original building ________ now. A．remains B．is remained C．is remaining

　　D．has been remained 解析：选A。本题考查谓语动词。从本句的时间副词“now”可以确定为现在时态，而动词“remain”是个不及物动词，没有被动语态，故排除B、D；且没有进行时态，排除C。因为表达 “留存”意义的remain本身就表示状态，故选A。句意： 这座宫殿在上世纪着了三次大火，故现在几乎没有留下多少原先的建筑。

　　5．________from the number of cars，he thought there were not many people at the club yet. A．Judging

　　B．Judged C．Seeing

　　D．Thinking 解析：选A。句意“根据车子的数量来判断，他认为俱乐部里还没多少 人。”judging from是固定短语， 表示“根据……来判断。” 6．(2012·浙江温州适应性测试)I’m sending you a present which you can________ receive before Christmas. A．hopefully

　　B．potentially C．gradually

　　D．eagerly 解析：选A。根据语意“我给你送的礼物你很有希望在圣诞节前收到”，用hopefully表示“有希望地，可以指望地”。B项表示“潜在地”；C项表示“逐渐地”；D项表示“渴望地”。 7．(2012·哈师大附中联考)No one expected house prices to fall，but________that’s exactly what happened. A．moreover

　　B．thus C．anyway

　　D．however 解析：选C。句意：没有人会想到房价会下降，但即便这样，所发生的事情确实如此。anyway表示“不管 怎样，无论如何”。 6

　　take over　夺取，接管 (教材P42)In 89 BC，the Romans took over Pompeii. 公元前89年，罗马人接管了庞贝城。

　　短语精释 归纳拓展 ①(朗文P2100)Sometimes I think he wants to take over the world.有时候我认为他想掌控整个世界。 ②(牛津P2059)Don’t be taken in by his charm—he’s ruthless.不要被他迷人的风度所蒙蔽——其实他冷酷无情。 ③Our new car takes up the whole garage. 我们的新车占用了整个车库。 ④We’ve taken on three new employees this month. 我们这个月雇佣了3名新员工。

　　carry out　实施；执行；实现； 完成 (教材P55)A surprise attack was carried out there by the Japanese in 1941. 1941年，日本军队进行了一次突然 袭击。

　　归纳拓展

　　①(朗文P289)Teenagers carried out a survey on attitudes to drugs.青少年对人们对待毒品的态度进行了调查。 ②We’ll carry on our conversation tomorrow. 我们明天将继续展开对话。 ③His courage will carry him through. 他的勇气会帮他渡过难关。 ④He carried off most of the prizes.他赢得了大部分奖项。

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　　in memory of　纪念 (教材P55)In memory of the Americans who died in the attack，a national memorial was built in Pearl Harbor just above the remains of Arizona. 为了纪念在袭击中丧生的美国士兵，在珍珠港的亚利桑那号的残骸上方，国家建立了一座纪念碑。 归纳拓展 ①(牛津P1258)He founded the charity in memory of his late wife.他创办了这一慈善事业以纪念他已故的妻子。 ②She wrote poems in praise of freedom.她写诗讴歌自由。 ③Only a few students spoke in support of the proposal. 只有几个学生表示支持这一提议。 跟踪训练 Ⅰ.选词填空 Ⅰ.选词填空 under...protection；be decorated

　　with；break down；cut down；be divided into；rise up；have a deep influence on

　　1．What his father said______________________ him all the life. 2．He asked to be put _______police_________________. had a deep influence on under protection 3．Her health________________under the pressure of work. 4．I’m trying to_____________on the amount of coffee I drink. 5．Christmas trees ________________lights of different colors. broke down cut down are decorated with 3．(2012·海淀区期末)—Have you heard that Jones，along with her parents，________to Hainan for the winter vacation? —Really？No wonder I haven’t seen her these days. A．has been

　　B．have been C．has gone

　　D．have gone 解析：选C。本题考查主谓一致和词义辨析。主语中心词是Jones，是单 数，所以谓语动词要用单数形式；根据应答句中no wonder后的从句意思可知所填词意思是去了，动词用go，故选C。 4．(2012·南京模拟)What a pity！All his property，the books，the pictures and the house，________consumed by the big fire. A．were

　　B．was C．had been

　　D．have been 解析：选B。本题考查时态和主谓一 致。此句中主语为all his property，故谓语动词用单数；再由句意可知此处表示被动，故B项正确。注意句中的“the books，the pictures and the house”是主语的同位语，不要受其干扰。 5．(2012·江苏苏锡常镇四市调研一) The number of children who have lost parents to AIDS ________to rise to over 26 million in 2011. A．are expected

　　B．is expecting C．are expecting

　　D．is expected 解析：选D。本题考查主谓一致和动词语态。定语从句中的谓语动词与先行词保持一致，the number of意为“……的数量”，作主语时谓语动词要用单数形式，排除选项A和C；根据语境可知，这个数量预计会上升，由于主语与expect之间是被动关系，故D项正确。 考点串讲讲练互动 单词精研 1 ruin　vt.毁灭/坏，使破产

　　n．[U]毁坏，毁灭，崩溃；(金钱等的)完全丧失

　　[C](pl.)废墟，遗迹　 (教材P43)A scholar from the local cultural institute，Professor Zhang，told us that around the year 1900 the European explorer Sven Hedin discovered the ruins of the Loulan Kingdom.　一位来自本地文化研究所的学者，张教授告诉我们在大约1900年欧洲探险家Sven Hedin发现了古楼兰王国的遗址。 归纳拓展 【辨析】damage，harm，hurt，ruin，destroy damage 多用于无生命的东西，指“价值、用途降低或外表损坏等，不一定全部破坏，而且还可以修复”。这种损坏是自然灾害或人为过失造成的。 harm 指对人或物的伤害或损坏，侧重身体或心理上的伤害。 hurt 指任何肉体或精神上的伤害，强调其痛苦的后果。 ruin 通常指无可挽回的伤害，但不一定指完全毁灭，含有在一定的过程中逐渐毁掉的意思。此外ruin多用于借喻中，泛指一般的“坏了”。 destroy 强调以具有摧毁或杀伤性的力量把某物彻底毁掉；也可用于比喻，表示“打破(希望、计划)，使失败”。 ①(朗文P1786)Alcohol and drugs almost ruined his career. 酒精和毒品几乎毁掉了他的事业。 ②(牛津P1747)A large number of churches fell into ruin after the revolution.革命过后，许多教堂都毁了。 ③Years of fighting have left the area in ruins. 多年的战事已经使得这个地区满目疮痍。

　　④There was an unexpected explosion in our street，but our building wasn’t harmed at all.我们住的街上突然发生了爆炸，但我们的楼一点也没受到损坏。 ⑤The fire destroyed most of the buildings. 火烧毁了大部分建筑。 ⑥You’ll hurt her feelings if you forget her birthday. 如果你忘记她的生日的话，你会伤害她的感情。 ⑦Jack had an accident and damaged his bike. 杰克出了事故，自行车坏了。 2 remains　n．残余物；遗迹； 遗体；遗址；遗物 (教材P43)Sven found the remains of buildings buried beneath the sand，together with a lot of treasures，including coins，painted pots，material such as silk，documents and wall paintings. 斯文发现了埋葬在沙子下面的建筑物遗迹，以及很多财宝，包括钱币、彩绘罐、丝绸、文献和壁画等珍贵 文物。

　　归纳拓展

　　①(牛津P1681)She fed the remains of her lunch to the dog. 她把剩下的午饭喂狗了。 ②There remains a certain doubt among the people as to the practical value of the project. 关于那个工程的实用价值，人们还是心存某种疑虑。 ③Worse things remain to be told. 更糟的事情留待以后再说。

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　　declare　vt.宣布；声明；表明；断言；宣称

　　vi.声明；(公开)表态 (教材P55)The next day，US President Franklin Roosevelt declared war against Japan. 第二天，美国总统富兰克林·罗斯福宣布对日作战。

　　归纳拓展 【辨析】　declare，announce

　　declare 指在公开场合表明对某事物的态度或指官方或权威者公开而郑重地宣布某事。 announce 指发布公众感兴趣的事，内容有知识性或权威性，如商品、生产、喜讯等消息。 ①(朗文P523)Severe flooding prompted the governer to declare a state of emergency Tuesday. 严重的洪水迫使州长星期二宣布进入紧急状态。 ②(牛津P518)Germany declared war on France on 1 August 1914.德国在1914年8月1日向法国宣战。 ③His actions declared him (to be) an honest man. 他的行为说明他是个老实人。 4

　　aware　adj.意识到的，知道的，察觉到的 (教材P59)In many cases，his questions made his students aware of their own errors.　在许多情况下，他的问题使他的学生们意识到自己的错误。 归纳拓展 ①(朗文P116)Most people are aware of the dangers of drinking and driving.大多数人知道酒后开车的危险。 ②(牛津P100)I was aware that she was trembling. 我觉察到她在发抖。 5 judge　n．法官，审判员，裁判员 (教材P59)At his trial，he defended himself by asking his judges yet more questions. 在审判他时，他问了法官更多的问题来为自己辩护。 归纳拓展 ①(朗文P1114)I’d say she is pretty rich，judging from her clothes.通过她的穿着来看，我觉得她非常富有。 ②(牛津P951)The judge sentenced him to five years in prison.法官判他五年 监禁。 跟踪训练 Ⅰ.选词填空

　　1．The painting will be a lasting __________to a remarkable woman. 2．We are working under __________ pressure at the moment. memorial extreme 栏目导引 基础盘点自测自评 考点串讲讲练互动 Unit 3　Back to the past Unit 3　Back to the past 佳作晨背·文思泉涌 类型：记叙文 典例：简要讲述一个学生不适应住校生活，并记叙自己或朋友想家的经历，包括想家给学习和生活带来的影响以及你或你朋友是如何应对的。 【佳作模板】 The story is about what Sam felt about his first boarding school life.As a

　　child，he never left his parents，so he didn’t get used to dealing with everything in school independently. Once I had a similar experience.I finished my junior middle school in a boarding school.At the age of 13，I never dealt with the daily things，such as washing clothes，taking care of money etc.especially I felt lonely because I hardly knew any people.At first，I could not get on well with my classmates and I always looked forward to being on holiday to meet my parents.I could not concentrate on my subjects.?As time went by，I gradually adapted myself to the school life.?I made several friends with our classmates and often took part in the activities，in which I improved my communicating skills.As I had a lot of interesting things to do，I finally enjoyed my school life. ?Now，whenever I think of my first boarding school life，I think it instructive and unforgettable. 【佳句储备】 ?As time went by，I gradually adapted myself to the school life.(with复合结构) With time going by，I became used to the school life day by day. ?I made several friends with our classmates and often took part in the activities，in which I improved my communicating skills. As I got along well with my classmates，my communicating skills were becoming better and better by taking part in the activities. ?Now，whenever I think of my first boarding school life，I think it instructive and unforgettable. Now，I often call up my first boarding school life as it is instructive and unforgettable. 基础盘点自测自评 1．Her family ____________(建立) the college in 1895. 2．His ____________(表情) changed from surprise to one of amusement. 核心单词 founded expression 3．The plane crashed and 200 people died in the __________(灾难)． 4．He was caught trying

　　to ____________(逃离) the country. 5．I was ____________(幸运的) in having a good teacher. disaster flee fortunate 6．He earned a great amount of money by inventing the machine，so he was a ____________(富有的) man in the neighbourhood. 7．She was chosen for the job on the ____________(基础) of her qualifications. wealthy basis 8．The men were arrested but not brought to ____________(审判)． 9．The chairs are made of recycled ____________(材料)． 10．Vienna is a real ____________ (文化上的) center for music lovers. trial material cultural 11．The ____________(观众) have been clapping for 10 minutes. 12．The wedding ____________(典礼) was held in the country park. 13．Officials____________(宣布) Jackson was the winner of the race. audience ceremony declared 14．This pair of shoes are made of ____________(皮革)． 15．They ____________(行进) 20 miles to reach the capital.

　　leather marched Ⅱ.词汇活用 1．Over the past years，her friends have noticed____________changes in her behavior.____________ people around began to like communicating with her.(gradual) gradual Gradually 2．Firefighters were called when a gas tank__________.The_________caused three deaths.(explode) 3．After the new government came to ____________，they took many____________measures.(power) exploded power powerful explosion 4．The __________ chemical waste has __________the city’s water supply.(poison) 5．At 19 he won ____________as an Olympic champion.He’ll never forget the____________experience.(glory) explosion poisoned glory glorious 1．________________作为……而出名 2．________________夺取；接管 3．________________在保护之中 4．________________用……装饰 5．________________

　　分解；出故障 高频短语 be known as take over　 under protection be decorated with break down 6．________________

　　砍倒 7．________________

　　被分成…… 8．________________

　　执行，实施 9．________________

　　为了纪念 10．________________

　　起义，反抗 11．________________

　　阻碍 cut down be divided into carry out in memory of rise up against stand in one’s path 12．______________________

　　对……有很深的影响 13．________________

　　挑战某人做某事 14．___________________

　　被判处死刑 15．________________

　　回头，转回去 have a deep influence on challenge sb.to do be sentenced to death turn back 1．so＋助动词＋主语 Many people were buried alive，and_______________(整个城市也被掩埋)． 典型句式 so was the city 2．as引导方式状语从句 Today I saw the ancient Roman city of Pompeii____________(跟两千年前一模一样)2,000 years ago. as it was 3．with的复合结构 When I walked around the city，I saw streets just as they had been，_______________________________ (沿路都有垫脚石)so you did not have to step in the mud on rainy days! with stepping stones along the road

　　4．-ed作状语，no doubt When________(被问及)how a statue from distant Greece could have appeared in China，researchers explained that ________(无疑) this was a result of Alexander the Great’s influence. asked no doubt 5．-doing作伴随状语 In 334 BC，he took his army，now with 42,000 men，into the Middle East and then Egypt，_____________________________________(打败了每一支阻碍他的军队)． defeating every army that stood in his path 主谓一致 1．(2012·安庆示范高中月考)We’ve been told the good news，but when and where to go for the exciting on-salary vacation________yet. 单元语法 A．are not discussed　 B．have not been discussed C．is not being discussed

　　D．has not been discussed 解析：选D。本题考查主谓一致。主语“when and where to go...”表示同一概念，所以谓语动词应用单数形式，且根据yet可知本题应该用完成时态，故选D。

　　2．(2012·银川一中月考)My class teacher as well as other teachers ________very kind to me. A．are

　　B．is C．do

　　D．does 解析：选B。本题考查主谓一致。as well as连接两个并列的主语时，谓语动词应和其前的名词在人称与数上保持一致。同时由于kind是形容词，所以应选择is。