2016届北师大版高三一轮总复习英语课时作业42

　　课时作业(四十二)　选修7　Unit 21　Human Biology

　　.完形填空

　　(2012·吉林复习高考监测)

　　He was obviously new to the school and I bet even new to the country.All he wanted was some juice—entering Cafeteria B2 after long hours of classes，he was__1__.We sat near yet away from him.He was far away from our__2__，yet forced to be a part of it.

　　He stood at the drink machine，trying to make the machine take his one­dollar bill.After several minutes’ unsuccessful__3__，from the tables came loud comments and __4__.He began to tremble，with tears in the eyes.I saw him turn to sit down，__5__.But for some reason，he__6__it.He wouldn’t leave until he got a__7__.

　　He continued to thrust (塞) the dollar bill into the machine.Then something__8__happened.A popular senior__9__from her seat，and with a look of __10__，went over to the boy.She__11__how the machine had a hard time__12__dollars，then gave him some change and showed him where to __13__it.The boy gave her his__14__and chose a flavor of fruit juice.Then the two walked off in different directions.

　　__15__it was clear that they were from very different worlds，for one moment，they’d shared a real__16__.As I walked away from my lunch table that day，I looked at the boy.I remember thinking how he and the dollar were very much__17__.Neither of them was accepted where the world said they were__18__to be.But just as the dollar had found a place in the__19__girl’s pocket，I was sure the boy would__20__ find his，too.

　　1．A.unhappy B．thirsty

　　C．energetic

　　D．hungry

　　2．A.table

　　B．world

　　C．machine

　　D．cafeteria

　　3．A.tests

　　B．activities

　　C．attempts

　　D．adventures

　　4．A.disagreements

　　B．aid

　　C．arguments

　　D．laughter

　　5．A.defeated

　　B．disappointed

　　C．frightened

　　D．confused

　　6．A.decided against

　　B．looked for

　　C．turned on

　　D．tried out

　　7．A.friend

　　B．dollar

　　C．drink

　　D．warning

　　8．A.extraordinary

　　B．disturbing

　　C．amusing

　　D．risky

　　9．A.ordered

　　B．nodded

　　C．wept

　　D．rose

　　10．A.anger

　　B．sympathy

　　C．regret

　　D．confidence

　　11．A.explained

　　B．asked

　　C．discovered

　　D．discussed

　　12．A.removing

　　B．accepting

　　C．separating

　　D．displaying

　　13．A.place

　　B．take

　　C．keep

　　D．get

　　14．A.thanks

　　B．appreciation

　　C．dollar

　　D．satisfaction

　　15．A.Because

　　B．Whenever

　　C．Since

　　D．Although

　　16．A.belief

　　B．concern

　　C．story

　　D．understanding

　　17．A.different

　　B．nervous

　　C．alike

　　D．special

　　18．A.supposed

　　B．introduced

　　C．invented

　　D．imagined

　　19．A.beautiful

　　B．knowledgeable

　　C．caring

　　D．clever

　　20．A.immediately

　　B．eventually

　　C．accidentally

　　D．generally

　　.阅读理解

　　A

　　(2012·哈尔滨四校一模)

　　If women are mercilessly exploited year after year，they have only themselves to blame.Because they tremble at the thought of being seen in public in clothes that are out of fashion，they are always taken advantage of by the designers and the big stores.Clothes which have been worn only a few times have to be put aside because of the change of fashion.When you come to think of it，only a woman is capable of standing in front of a wardrobe packed full of clothes and announcing sadly that she has nothing to wear.

　　Changing fashions are nothing more than the intentional creation of waste.Many women spend vast sums of money each year to replace clothes that have hardly been worn.Women who can not afford to throw away clothing in this way waste hours of their time altering (改变) the dresses they have.Skirts are lengthened or shortened；necklines are lowered or raised，and so on.

　　No one can claim that the fashion industry contributes anything really important to society.Fashion designers are rarely concerned with vital things like warmth，comfort and durability.They are only interested in outward appearance and they take advantage of the fact that women will put up with any amount of discomfort，as long as they look right.There can hardly be a man who hasn’t at some time in his life smiled at the sight of a woman shaking in a thin dress on a winter day，or delicately picking her way through deep snow in high­heeled shoes.

　　When comparing men and women in the matter of fashion，the conclusions to be drawn are obvious.Do the constantly changing fashions of women’s clothes，one wonder，reflect basic qualities of inconstancy and instability？Men are too clever to let themselves be cheated by fashion designers.Do their unchanging styles of dress reflect basic qualities of stability and reliability？That is for you to decide.

　　1．Designers and big stores always make money________.

　　A．by constantly changing the fashions in women’s clothing

　　B．by mercilessly exploiting women workers in the clothing industry

　　C．because they are able to predict new fashions for the coming seaon

　　D．because they attach great importance to the quality of women’s clothing2．To the writer，that women alter their old fashioned dresses is seen as________.

　　A．a waste of money

　　B．an expression of taste

　　C．a waste of time

　　D．an expression of creativity

　　3．According to the passage，which of the following statements is true?

　　A．The fashion industry makes an important contribution to society.

　　B．The constant changes in women’s clothing reflect their strength of characters.

　　C．Fashion designs should not be encouraged since they are only welcomed by women.

　　D．New fashions in clothing are created for the commercial exploitation of women.

　　4．By saying “the conclusions to be drawn are obvious”，the writer means that________.

　　A．women are better able to put up with discomfort

　　B．men are more reasonable in the matter of fashion

　　C．men are also exploited greatly by fashion designers

　　D．women’s inconstancy in their choice of clothing is often laughed at

　　B

　　(2012·厦门质检)

　　Today，when a fire breaks out，you can be sure a citizen with a cellphone camera has posted it to Facebook or Twitter，or sent it to the media.But up to now，that citizen has not been able to easily send images and details of what is happening to the people who need it most：the police，firefighters and building­security people who must respond，and whose ability to help is often measured in minutes，if not seconds.

　　That’s about to change.A one­year­old company called Elerts has developed a system that’s designed to mobile and social technologies to speed the flow of information between citizens and emergency workers in time of danger.The system involves free mobile applications—iPhone and iPad app (应用软件) is available now—that eyewitnesses can use to report incidents and get public safety warnings.And Elerts is offering a management console (控制台)for security firms and universities to receive the reports and distribute warnings and instructions，like a map with the best evacuation route (疏散路线)． The service is the brainchild of Chris Russo，deputy fire chief in

　　the

　　coastal

　　town

　　of Hull，Mass.As

　　mobile communications sped up，he grew increasingly frustrated by his inability to communicate effectively with colleagues and the public，particularly with people who are at the scene and might be able to provide help.

　　“Remembering situations when communications failed puts__a_pit_in_my_stomach，” Mr Russo says.Last summer，he was in a search at a beach for a missing boy，who went into a bathhouse but didn’t come out.First responders feared an abduction (绑架) on the beach or shark attack.The child’s mother，who didn’t speak English well，was so sad that she couldn’t remember what color shorts he had on.Mr Russo had no photo of the child，and no ability to turn to beachgoers.

　　Two long hours later，the boy was spotted by a low­flying helicopter lost and alone on the beach crying—a lucky break.“If 5 percent of beachgoers had an app to receive a message and send in sightings of a lost boy，the happy ending might have come much sooner，” Mr Russo said.

　　5．What is the passage mainly about?

　　A．A system for reporting emergencies.

　　B．A moving story of Chris Russo.

　　C．A cellphone instant service.

　　D．An app for firm management.

　　6．The underlined part in Paragraph 4 can be replaced by “________”．

　　A．arouses my interest

　　B．causes a stomachache

　　C．makes me feel frustrated

　　D．leaves a hole in my stomach

　　7．We can infer from the passage that emergency workers________.

　　A．have to carry out rescue work in minutes

　　B．need images and detailed information badly

　　C．must send images and details immediately

　　D．have to turn to Facebook and Twitter for details

　　8．The author takes Chris Russo’s experience as an example to________.

　　A．advertise his creativity in communication

　　B．inform readers how Russo got the idea of the service

　　C．make the passage more interesting to read

　　D．show readers the working principle of the new system

　　答案：

　　课时作业(四十二)　

　　.完形填空

　　语篇解读：　本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，主要讲述了一个新来的男孩想喝杯果汁，但不知道纸币不能投入机器里。一个具有同情心的女孩帮助了他，终于喝到了果汁并使一美元的纸币物有所用。作者相信，不久，这个男孩也会融入到这个社会当中，找到适合自己的位置的。

　　1．解析：　根据上文“All he wanted was some juice—entering Cafeteria B2 after long hours of classes”可知，上了几个小时课之后来到餐厅的他想要喝些果汁，因此可推断出，他口渴了。

　　答案：　B

　　2．解析：　根据第四段第一句话中“they were from very different worlds”可知，男孩和我们的世界离得很远，但却不得不融入其中。

　　答案：　B

　　3．解析：　根据上文的“trying to make the machine...”可知，他试了几分钟后都没有成功。attempt尝试，符合语境。

　　答案：　C

　　4．解析：　因为几次尝试他都没能把纸币塞进机器，所以引来了其他人大声的评论和嘲笑，laughter笑声，符合语境，故选D项。

　　答案：　D

　　5．解析：　根据上文的“several minutes’ unsuccessful________“可知，一直没有成功的他会很失落。A项意为“失落，失败”，符合语境。答案：　A

　　6．解析：　根据转折连词“But”和下文“He wouldn’t leave...”可知，他决定克服这个困难。decide against决定不……，符合语境。

　　答案：　A

　　7．解析：　根据上文可知，他想拿到他要的果汁。

　　答案：　C

　　8．解析：　根据下文可知，一个受大家欢迎的高年级女生过来帮助他拿到了果汁，这是作者没有想到的。extraordinary意想不到的，令人惊奇的。

　　答案：　A

　　9．解析：　根据语境可知，一个高年级女生从座位上站了起来。

　　答案：　D

　　10．解析：　根据下文可知，她帮助了男孩。因此，可推断出她是带着同情的表情，向这个男孩走过去的。sympathy同情。

　　答案：　B

　　11．解析：　根据语境可知，她向那个男孩解释……explain意为“解释”，符合语境，故选A项。

　　答案：　A

　　12．解析：　根据第二段第一句话中“trying to make the machine take his one­dollar bill”和语境可知，此处accept与“take”意思相同，意为“接受”。

　　答案：　B

　　13．解析：　根据语境可知，她告诉他把钱放在哪里。place放置。符合语境，故选A项。答案：　A

　　14．解析：　根据上文可知，她给了他一些零钱，他当然是把他的一美元纸币给她。

　　答案：　C

　　15．解析：　根据句意可知，主从句表示的是让步关系，故选D项。

　　答案：　D

　　16．解析：　根据语境可知，尽管他们来自完全不同的世界，但有一刻，他们是互相理解的。understanding理解，符合语境。

　　答案：　D

　　17．解析：　根据下文“Neither of them was accpeted...”可知，他和一美元纸币的命运是很相似的。

　　答案：　C

　　18．解析：　be supposed to be为固定搭配，意为“应该……”。

　　答案：　A

　　19．解析：　句意为：正如美元已经在那位善解人意的女孩口袋里找到了位置一样。根据第三段第三句话中“带着同情的表情”可知，应用caring，意为“有同情心的”。

　　答案：　C

　　20．解析：　作者相信这个男孩最终也会找到自己的位置的。eventually意为“最终，最后”。

　　答案：　B

　　.阅读理解

　　语篇解读：　女人爱美的天性被时装设计师和商人充分利用，他们不断推出各种新款服装，赚足了女士们的钱，而女士们为了美丽心甘情愿地被他们剥削。男士在时装方面则显得比女士更理性。

　　1．解析：　推理判断题。第一段提到“因为她们一想到自己穿着过时的衣服出现在公众面前就不寒而栗，所以总是被服装设计师和大商场利用”，由此判断，这些人利用她们追求衣着时尚的特点来赚钱，故选A.通过不断改变女装的时尚。B.通过无情地盘剥服装加工行业的女工，C.因为他们能预测下一个季节的新款式，D.因为他们注重女装的质量，都不正确。

　　答案：　A

　　2．解析：　细节理解题。第二段说，女士们如果没钱置办新衣，她们就浪费几个小时的时间来修改她们现有的服装以追求时尚。由此判断选C，作者觉得这样做是浪费时间。

　　答案：　C

　　3．解析：　推理判断题。从第三段第一句可知A项错误；第三段说，女人为了美愿意忍受任何的不舒适，而没有提到反映了她们“性格的力量”，故B项错误；文章没有提到C项内容。从全文内容可知，作者觉得服装设计师推出各种新款服装的目的是赚钱，是“一年又一年无情地盘剥女士们”，由此判断选D。

　　答案：　D

　　4． 解析：　推理判断题。最后一段说，比较男人和女人对时装的态度就能得出一个明显的结论，男人很聪明，不会被时装设计师欺骗。从这些叙述可知应选B，男士在选择服饰方面比女士更理性。

　　答案：　B

　　语篇解读：　本文介绍了一家公司开发的一个服务系统——可以把紧急情况快速传给营救人员。

　　5．解析：　主旨大意题。根据全文可知，本文介绍了一家公司开发的一个服务系统——可以把紧急情况快速传给营救人员。

　　答案：　A

　　6．解析：　短语理解题。根据画线部分后所讲述的故事以及倒数第三段中的“he grew increasingly frustrated by his inability to communicate effectively...”可知，回想起那些因沟通不畅，紧急营救变得非常困难的情况时，Mr Russo的心情非常沮丧。

　　答案：　C

　　7．解析：　推理判断题。根据第一段中的“But up to now...who need it most：the police，firefighters and building­security people”可知，营救人员非常需要images和详细信息。

　　答案：　B

　　8．解析：　推理判断题。根据第三段第一句可知，这种服务的发明人是Chris Russo，而用他的亲身经历作为例子是为了说明他的创意的灵感来源。

　　答案：　B