2014届高考英语一轮 Unit1 《Great scientists》课后强化作业 新人教版必修5

　　Unit 1　Great scientists

　　Ⅰ.单词拼写

　　1．In respect of this problem, we don't have to draw a________(结论)quickly.

　　2．Be________(谨慎的)as the road is frozen.

　　3．By________(分析)the parts of the sentence we learn more about English grammar.

　　4．It has been________(通知)that Mr. John and Miss Smith will get married next week.

　　5．The UN sent food aid to Haiti________(严重地)affected by the earthquake.

　　6．It is a great________(挑战)for him to govern the country well.

　　7．The river has been________(污染)seriously since the factory moved here.

　　8．What________(特征)distinguish the Americans from the Canadians?

　　9．His great________(贡献)to the development of a modern China will never be forgotten.

　　10．He is________(照顾)his mother in the hospital.

　　答案：1.conclusion　2.cautious　3.analysing/analyzing　4.announced　5.seriously/severely　6.challenge　7.polluted

　　8．characteristics　9.contribution(s)　10.attending

　　Ⅱ.完成句子

　　1．They covered the boy with a blanket，________ ________ ________ ________ ________(把他的脸露在外面)．(expose)

　　2．The doctor________ ________ ________ ________ ______ ______(治好了这个人的癌症)．(cure)

　　3．________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ______(他受到了老师的责备)because he hadn't finished his homework on time.(blame)

　　4．________ ________ ________ ________ ________(他提出了一项建议)that we should do something for the celebration of the 60th anniversary of the PRC.(put forward)

　　5．________ ________ ________ ________ ________(你只有努力工作)can you be respected by others.(only if)

　　答案：1. leaving his face exposed outside　2.cured the man of his cancer　3.He was blamed by his teacher　4.He put forward a suggestion　5.Only if you work hard

　　Ⅲ.单项填空

　　1．For the next two hours she was________the film, so she didn't notice what happened around her.

　　A．engaged in B．busy with

　　C．absorbed in

　　D．occupied with

　　答案：C　考查短语辨析。句意：在此后的两个小时里，她在专心看电影，因而没有注意到周围所发生的事情。be engaged in“从事”；be busy with“忙于”；be absorbed in“全神贯注于”；be occupied with“忙于”。C项符合语义。

　　2．(2012·枣庄模拟)It was the boy, rather than his teachers, that ________ for what the boy had done.

　　A．were to blame

　　B．were to blamed

　　C．was to blame

　　D．was to be blamed

　　答案：C　be to blame表示“应该受责备”，从结构分析主语应当为the boy，因此选C。

　　3．________to sunlight for too much time, as the doctors say, will do harm to one's skin.

　　A．Being exposed

　　B．Having exposed

　　C．Exposed

　　D．After being exposed

　　答案：A　考查非谓语动词。从题干可知，句子的谓语“will do”没有主语，而选项B、C和D均不能在句中作主语，它们可以在句中作状语，故均可排除。而选项A为动名词的被动式，符合语境。

　　4．We all feel it is Jack as well as his wife that________for their son's bad performance at school.

　　A．are to blame

　　B．is to be blamed

　　C．are to be blamed

　　D．is to blame

　　答案：D　句意：我们都感觉是杰克和他的妻子应该对他们儿子在学校的恶劣行为负责。宾语从句是强调句，强调主语，根据主谓一致原则可知，谓语动词应用单数。be to blame意为“应负责任”。

　　5．The police are searching everywhere for Mr James, who they think is________to the crime.

　　A．linked

　　B．concerned

　　C．united

　　D．mixed

　　答案：A　be linked to“与……有关”；be concerned with“与……有关”；united“联合的；团结的”；be mixed up in“与……有牵连”。

　　6．The leaders from some of the countries suggested that the problem of the nuclear weapon about Iran worth paying attention________at the international conference.

　　A．to be discussed

　　B．to being discussed

　　C．to discuss

　　D．to discussing

　　答案：A　考查动词短语pay attention to与虚拟语气在具体语境中的运用。worth paying attention to为后置定语修饰名词problem，而suggest表示“建议”的时候，从句中的谓语动词用虚拟语气(should＋)动词原形。

　　7．He is in great need of money, but he has________our help.

　　A．rejected

　　B．reputed

　　C．ignored

　　D．overlooked

　　答案：A　考查动词辨析。句意：他很需要钱，但他拒绝了我们的帮助。reject“拒绝”；repute“认为”；ignore“忽视”；overlook“忽略”。

　　8．In my opinion, what he told us just now about the affair simply doesn't make any________.

　　A．idea

　　B．meaning

　　C．sense

　　D．point

　　答案：C　make sense是习语，意为“有道理，意义清楚”。句意：在我看来，他刚才告诉我们的对于这个事件的看法没有任何意义。

　　9．Only when________possible to settle the problem.

　　A．does the chief editor come will it be

　　B．the chief editor comes will it be

　　C．has the chief editor come it will be

　　D．the chief editor comes it will be

　　答案：B　only修饰状语从句位于句首时，主句要部分倒装，而从句用正常语序。

　　10．I'm very________about expressing my opinions in public in case I may make mistakes.

　　A．cautious

　　B．confused

　　C．delighted

　　D．enthusiastic

　　答案：A　cautious“小心的，谨慎的”。句意：为了防止犯错误，我在公开场合下表达自己的观点时，非常谨慎。confused“困惑的”；delighted“高兴的”；enthusiastic“热情的”。

　　11．—Your name again, please？________.

　　—It's Bell Green.

　　A．I didn't quite catch you

　　B．I couldn't quite catch you

　　C．I don't hear you

　　D．It's your name

　　答案：A　让对方重复所说的话，是因为没有听清楚(表示、事实)。catch此处意为“听清”。B项是干扰项，说话人要表述的是“刚才没有听清”，而不是“不能听清”。

　　12．________you take part in physical activity________be able to keep fit and stay healthy.

　　A．Only if; you will

　　B．Only if; will you

　　C．Unless; you will

　　D．Unless; will you

　　答案：B　考查部分倒装。句意：只有参加体育锻炼，你才能保持身体健康。“only＋状语从句”放于句首时，主句要进行部分倒装。此处是“only＋if引导的条件状语从句”，故主句须用倒装形式，因而排除A、C两项，unless不符合句意，故排除D而选B。

　　13．The view he________at the sales meeting last night sounds a little reasonable.

　　A．took down

　　B．put forward

　　C．took off

　　D．made up

　　答案：B　put forward“提出”；take down“写下，记下”；take off“脱下(衣服等)”；make up“编造，组成”。

　　14．________its low cost, the appeal of iron as a building material lies in its strength, its resistance to fire, and its potential to span vast areas.

　　A．Other than

　　B．Apart from

　　C．Except for

　　D．Rather than

　　答案：B　句意：除了低成本外，对作为建筑材料的铁的需求在于其自身的强度、耐火性以及在其他广泛领域中的应用潜能。apart from在此处相当于介词besides，符合语义。other than“除了”；except for“除……以外”；rather than“而不是”，均不符合语义。

　　15．—________to the sun, the flower will become dry soon.

　　—What you said does make________.

　　A．Exposed; sense

　　B．Exposing; sense

　　C．Exposed; senses

　　D．Exposing; a sense

　　答案：A　句意：——暴露在日光下，这花儿很快就会被晒干。——你说的话的确有道理。第一空expose与flower之间是动宾关系，所以应用过去分词作状语；第二空make sense为固定用法，表示“有道理，讲得通”。

　　Ⅳ.完形填空

　　Many adults see teens as energetic. Many of us see ourselves as proud. This thinking__1__many adults and us to have the idea that if we can't handle school or__2__life well, we are just not trying hard.

　　But in my opinion that may not be__3__.

　　Earlier this school year, I was leaving my class one Friday__4__suddenly it__5__like I had pulled a muscle in my back. I knew I was ill.

　　After a few days I stopped eating. This meant I lost__6__； the clothes that I bought two weeks earlier began__7__loose. This time my parents got scared.

　　__8__， I started sleeping less. My eyelids (眼皮) were constantly__9__.

　　I refused to__10__that I was ill. I kept my job working 25 hours a week in a shop; I didn't__11__any classes. When I was hurting, I didn't mind and kept on going.__12__it kills you, it makes you stronger, right?

　　But now I find myself thinking. Is it__13__it? I'm taking the classes and working for the newspaper because it does good__14__college applications. And I'm working 25 hours a week so that, once I get into my dream school, I can__15__it.

　　Here I am, already sick from the__16__of work I'm doing in and out of school. So, what good is a(n)__17__application if I'm badly ill? What is the__18__of doing this work if I can't enjoy the results?

　　In fact, by writing my__19__I'm telling all the people who__20__ much about the future to worry about it now.

　　文章大意：成年人认为青年是精力充沛的，我们青年也以这点而自豪。这种想法就会使成年人和我们认为如果我们没有把学业和生活处理好的话，我们就是没努力。这种观点对吗？

　　1．A.makes

　　B．forces

　　C．causes

　　D．intends

　　答案：C　空处动词和后面的带to的不定式构成搭配，由此可排除A，make后要求跟不带to的不定式作宾补；cause sb.to do sth.“促使某人做某事”，符合语境；尽管force可以构成这种复合结构，但“迫使某人有某种想法”和语境不符合。

　　2．A.still

　　B．even

　　C．just

　　D．yet

　　答案：B　上文的school与下文的life之间存在递进关系，故选用even。

　　3．A.true

　　B．real

　　C．wrong D．false

　　答案：A　由下文可知，作者认为这种想法不见得是正确的、符合客观实际的。true表示“符合事实，是真的而不是假的或捏造的”，real表示“人或事物真实存在的，而不是想象的或虚构的”。

　　4．A.while

　　B．when

　　C．then

　　D．how

　　答案：B　语境“我正要离开教室，恰在此时突然感觉像是背部抽筋了。”考查“...be doing sth....when...”这一典型句式，其中when是并列连词，意为“就在此时(突然)”，故选B。

　　5．A.looked

　　B．sounded

　　C．appeared

　　D．felt

　　答案：D　“我”突然感觉背上好像抽筋了，feel like固定词组“感觉像，觉得好像是……，想要”。

　　6．A.face

　　B．hope

　　C．weight

　　D．direction

　　答案：C　由上文可知，几天不吃饭“体重”当然下降。

　　7．A.hanging

　　B．holding

　　C．changing

　　D．dressing

　　答案：A　前两周刚买的衣服开始变得宽松。hang loose固定词组，“保持镇静、松弛、放松”，在此表示衣服宽大、松弛的样子。

　　8．A.In fact

　　B．In addition

　　C．In disorder

　　D．In general

　　答案：B　更糟糕的是，作者开始失眠。根据篇章结构，此处应为表递进关系的短语。in addition“另外”符合行文逻辑；in fact“事实上”；in disorder“混乱”；in general“通常，一般而言”。

　　9．A.light

　　B．shut

　　C．open

　　D．heavy

　　答案：D　由常识可知，睡得少会感觉眼皮很重，故用heavy。

　　10．A.insist

　　B．determine

　　C．accept

　　D．consider

　　答案：C　“我”拒绝接受生病的事实，继续长时间地工作和学习。accept“接受”；insist“坚持”；determine“决定”；consider“考虑”。

　　11．A.lose

　　B．drop

　　C．give

　　D．take

　　答案：B　“我”没有旷过任何课。drop class“旷课”，符合语境。

　　12．A.Unless

　　B．If

　　C．Though

　　D．Before

　　答案：A　“我”固执地认为：生活中的磨难除非能置人于死地，否则它能使人更坚强。

　　13．A.paid

　　B．similar to

　　C．equal to

　　D．worth

　　答案：D　但现在“我”在思考，这样做“值得”吗？

　　14．A.at

　　B．to

　　C．on

　　D．with

　　答案：B　“我”如此努力地学习和工作是因为为了让大学申请表看起来更吸引人。do good to“对……有利”。

　　15．A.control

　　B．manage

　　C．support

　　D．afford

　　答案：D　这样拼命工作，一旦作者上了理想的大学，就能支付得起所需费用。afford“付得起(……费用)”。

　　16．A.amount B．set

　　C．kind

　　D．number

　　答案：A　我现在因病早已不能做校内外的大量的工作。the amount of...意为“……的数量”，这里指“工作的量(大)”，不可数，因此不能用number。

　　17．A.suitable

　　B．impressive

　　C．believable

　　D．usual

　　答案：B　我病得这么重，申请表再吸引人又有什么用呢？impressive“有吸引力的”，与上文does good前后相照应。

　　18．A.reason

　　B．idea

　　C．point

　　D．tip

　　答案：C　如果不能享受结果，“我”做这些工作又有什么意义呢？point“意义，道理”；reason“原因”；idea“想法”；tip“末端，建议”。

　　19．A.time

　　B．work

　　C．newspaper

　　D．story

　　答案：D　my story在此处意为“我的亲身经历”。

　　20．A.think

　　B．care

　　C．miss

　　D．realize

　　答案：B　事实上，通过写“我”的经历，“我”想告诉所有关注未来的人，更应关注现在。

　　Ⅴ.书面表达

　　全世界的环境问题变得越来越严重。根据所给开头，写一篇120～150词的关于环境保护的文章。要点应包括：

　　(1)环境恶化的现状及原因(汽车、工厂、生活垃圾)。

　　(2)我们该怎么做及你的倡议。

　　Environmental problems are becoming more and more serious all over the world.___________________________________________

　　___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

　　[范文借鉴]

　　Environmental_problems_are_becoming_more_and_more_serious_all_over_the_world. For example, poisonous gas given off by factories

　　and

　　cars

　　has

　　made

　　the

　　air unhealthy for people to breathe. Trees on the hills have been cut down and waste water is being poured continuously into rivers. Furthermore, wherever we go today, we can find rubbish carelessly thrown. Pollution

　　is,

　　in

　　fact,

　　threatening

　　our existence.

　　The earth is our home and we have the duty to take care of it for ourselves and for our later generations. As students we can also do something for our environment. For example, turn the lights off when no one is in the classroom.

　　We believe that doing these

　　small things will improve our environment and help make our world a better place to live in. (We hope the problem will be solved in the near future and our home will become better and better)．