湖南省汝城二中2014届高考英语一轮复习阅读训练 (23)

　　阅读专练

　　第三部分：阅读理解。本部分共两节， 满分40分。

　　阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分。

　　A

　　Packaging is a very important form of advertising. A package can sometimes motivate people to buy products. For example, a little child might ask for a breakfast food contained in a box with a picture of a TV character. The child is more interested in the picture than in breakfast food. Pictures for children to color or cut out, games printed on a package, or a small gift inside a box also motivate many children to buy products ---or to ask their parents to buy for them.

　　Some packages suggest that a buyer will get something for nothing. Food products sold in reusable containers are examples of this. Although a similar product in plain container might cost less, people often prefer to buy the product in a reusable glass or dish, because they believe the container is free. However, the cost of the container is added to the cost of the product.

　　The size of a package also motivates a buyer. Maybe the package has “Economy Size”(大包装) or “Family Size”(特大号包装)printed on it. This suggests that the larger size has the most product for the least money. But that is not always true. To find it out, a buyer has to know how the product is sold and the price of the basic unit.

　　The information on the package should provide some answers. But the important thing for any buyer to remember is that a package is often an advertisement. The words and pictures do not tell the whole story. Only the product inside can do that.

　　56.The first and the last sentences in paragraph 2 may probably mean ______.

　　A. a buyer will not get what he pays for

　　B. a buyer will get more than what he pays for

　　C. a buyer will get something useful free of charge

　　D. a buyer will get more but pay less

　　57. From the passage we know the buyer pays more attention to ______.

　　A. the size of a container

　　B. a container with attractive pictures

　　C. a well-designed container

　　D. a plain container with low cost

　　58. What suggestion does the writer give in the passage？

　　A. It‘s not good to buy the product which is sold in a glass or dish.

　　B. The quality of a container has nothing to do with the quality of the product.

　　C. The best choice for a buyer is to buy a product in a plain package.

　　D. A buyer should buy what he needs most rather than a well-designed package.

　　59. What do you think is the best title for the passage？

　　A. Packaging of Products.

　　B. How to Make an Advertisement.

　　C. How to Sell Products.

　　D. How to Attract More Buyers.

　　B

　　Internet use appears to cause a drop in psychological health, according to research at Carnegie Mellon University.

　　　Even people who spent just a few hours a week on the Internet experienced more bad feelings and loneliness than those who was online less frequently, the two-year study showed. Researchers are puzzling over the results, which were completely contrary to their expectations. They expected that the Net would prove socially healthier than television, since the Net allows users to choose their information and to communicate with others.

　　　The fact that Internet use reduces time available for family and friends may account for the drop in psychological health, researchers hypothesized (推测). Faceless, bodiless “virtual”(虚的) communication may be less psychologically satisfying than actual conversation, and the relationships formed through it may be shallower. Another possibility is that exposure to the wider world through the Net makes users less satisfied with their lives.

　　　“But it' s important to remember this is not about the technology, it' s about how it is used,” says psychologist Christine Riley of Intel, one of the study' s sponsors (发起人). "It really points to the need for considering social factors in terms of how you design applications and services for technology."

　　60. What had the researchers expected before the research?

　　A. The Net may account for the drop in psychological health.

　　B. Internet use may improve psychological health.

　　C. Internet use has nothing to do with psychological health.

　　D. Spending much time on the Internet makes people feel bad and lonely.

　　61. Which is not true according to the passage?

　　A.The Net allows users to choose their information and to communicate with others.

　　B.Internet communication may be less psychologically satisfying than actual conversation.

　　C. Undeveloped Internet technology causes the drop in psychological health.

　　D. The wider world through the Net makes users less satisfied with their lives.

　　62. What does Christine Riley, the psychologist, suggest?

　　A. It's necessary to take social factors into account in designing applications and services for technology.

　　B. It's important to tell the users how to design and apply the technology.

　　C. Compared with social factors, the technology itself has more influence on the Internet users.

　　D.No social factors should be considered in applications and services for technology.

　　63. Which of the following would be the most appropriate title for the passage?

　　A. How to Use the Internet

　　B. Disadvantages of the Internet

　　C. Social Factors and the Internet 

　　D. Internet May Cause Bad Feelings

　　C

　　As we have seen, the focus of medical care in our society has been shifting from curing disease to preventing disease—especially in terms of changing our many unhealthy behavior, such as poor eating habits, smoking, and failure to exercise. The line of thought involved in this shift can be pursued further. Imagine a person who is about the right weight, but does not eat very nutritious foods, who feels OK but exercises only occasionally, who goes to work every day, but is not an outstanding worker, who drinks a few beers at home most nights but does not drive while drunk, and who has no chest pains or abnormal blood counts(血细胞计数), but sleeps a lot and often feels tired. This person is not ill. He may not even be at risk for any particular disease. But we can imagine that this person could be a lot healthier.

　　The field of medicine has not traditionally distinguished between someone who is merely “not ill” and someone who is in excellent health and pays attention to the body’s special needs. Both types have simply been called “well.” In recent years, however, some health specialists have begun to apply the terms “well” and “wellness” only to those who are actively striving to maintain and improve their health. People who are well are concerned with nutrition and exercise, and they make a point of monitoring their body’s condition. Most important, perhaps, people who are well take active responsibility for all matters related to their health. Even people who have a physical disease or handicap (缺陷) may be “well,” in this new sense, if they make an effort to maintain the best possible health they can in the face of their physical limitations. “Wellness” may perhaps best be viewed not as a state that people can achieve, but as an ideal that people can strive for. People who are well are likely to be better able to resist disease and to fight disease when it strikes. And by focusing attention on healthy ways of living, the concept of wellness can have a beneficial impact on the ways in which people face the challenges of daily life.

　　64.Today medical care is placing more stress on ______.

　　A. keeping people in a healthy physical condition

　　B. monitoring patients’ body functions

　　C. removing people’s bad living habits

　　D. ensuring people’s psychological well-being

　　65.In the first paragraph, people are reminded that ______.

　　A. good health is more than not being ill

　　B. drinking, even if not to excess, could be harmful

　　C. regular health checks are essential to keeping fit

　　D. prevention is more difficult than cure

　　66.Traditionally, a person is considered “well” if he ______.

　　A. does not have any unhealthy living habits

　　B. does not have any physical handicaps

　　C. is able to handle his daily routines

　　D. is free from any kind of disease

　　67.According to the author, the true meaning of “wellness” is for people ______.

　　A. to best satisfy their body’s special needs

　　B. to strive to maintain the best possible health

　　C. to meet the strictest standards of bodily health

　　D. to keep a proper balance between work and leisure

　　D

　　Psychiatrists (精神病专家) who work with older parents say that maturity can be an asset in child rearing---older parents are more thoughtful, use less physical discipline and spend more time with their children. But raising kids takes money and energy. Many older parents find themselves balancing their limited financial resources, declining energy and failing health against the growing demands of an active child. Dying and leaving young children is probably the older parents’ biggest, and often unspoken, fear. Having late-life children, says an economics professor, often means parents, particularly fathers, “end up retiring much later.” For many, retirement becomes an unobtainable dream.

　　Henry Metcalf, a 54-year-old journalist, knows it takes money to raise kids. But he’s also worried that his energy will give out first. Sure, he can still ride bikes with his athletic fifth grader, but he’s learned that young at heart doesn’t mean young. Lately he’s been taking afternoon naps (午睡) to keep up his energy. “My body is aging,” says Metcalf. “You can’t get away from that.”

　　Often, older parents hear the ticking of another kind of biological clock. Therapists who work with middle-aged and older parents say fears about aging are nothing to laugh at. “They worry they’ll be mistaken for grandparents, or that they’ll need help getting up out of those little chairs in nursery school,” says Joann Galst, a New York psychologist. But at the core of those little fears there is often a much bigger one: “that they won’t be alive long enough to support and protect their child,” she says.

　　Many late-life parents, though, say their children came at just the right time. After marrying late and undergoing years of fertility (受孕) treatment, Marilyn Nolen and her husband, Randy, had twins. “We both wanted children,” says Marilyn, who was 55 when she gave birth. The twins have given the couple what they desired for years, “a sense of family.” Kids of older dads are often smarter, happier and more sociable because their fathers are more involved in their lives. “The dads are older, more mature,” says Dr. Silber, “and more ready to focus on parenting.”

　　68.Why do psychiatrists regard maturity as an asset in child rearing?

　　A. Older parents are often better prepared financially.

　　B. Older parents can take better care of their children.

　　C. Older parents are usually more experienced in bringing up their children.

　　D. Older parents can better balance their resources against children’s demands.

　　69.The author gives the example of Henry Metcalf to show that ________.

　　A. older parents should exercise more to keep up with their athletic children

　　B. many people are young in spirit despite their advanced age

　　C. older parents tend to be concerned about their aging bodies

　　D. taking afternoon naps is a good way to maintain energy

　　70.What’s the biggest fear of older parents according to New York psychologist Joan Galst?

　　A. Approaching of death.

　　B. Slowing down of their pace of life.

　　C. Being laughed at by other people.

　　D. Being mistaken for grandparents.

　　71.What do we learn about Marilyn and Randy Nolen?

　　A. They thought they were an example of successful fertility treatment.

　　B. Not until they reached middle age did they think of having children.

　　C. Not until they had the twins did they feel they had formed a family.

　　D. They believed that children born of older parents would be smarter.

　　E

　　Speeding off in a stolen car, the thief thinks he has got a great catch. But he is in for(必定遭到)an unwelcome surprise. The car is fitted with a remote immobilizer (锁止器), and a radio signal from a control centre miles away will ensure that once the thief switches the engine off, he will not be able to start it again.

　　The idea goes like this. A control box fitted to the car contains a mini-cellphone, a micro-processor and memory, and a GPS satellite positioning receiver. If the car is stolen, a coded cell-phone signal will tell the control centre to block the vehicle’s engine management system and prevent the engine being restarted.

　　In the UK, a set of technical fixes(固定标准) is already making life harder for car thieves. “The pattern of vehicle crime has changed,” says Martyn Randall, a security expert. He says it would only take him a few minutes to teach a person how to steal a car, using a bare minimum of tools. But only if the car is more than 10 years old.

　　Modern cars are far tougher to steal, as their engine management computer won’t allow them to start unless they receive a unique ID code beamed out by the ignition (点火) key. In the UK, technologies like this have helped achieve a 31% drop in vehicle-related crime since 1997.

　　But determined criminals are still managing to find other ways to steal cars, often by getting hold of the owner’s keys. And key theft is responsible for 40% of the thefts of vehicles fitted with a tracking system.

　　If the car travels 100 metres without the driver confirming their ID, the system will send a signal to an operations centre that it has been stolen. The hundred meters minimum avoids false alarms due to inaccuracies in the GPS signal. Staff at the centre will then contact the owner to confirm that the car really is missing, and keep police informed of the vehicle’s movements via the car’s GPS unit.

　　72. What’s the function of the remote immobilizer fitted to a car?

　　A. To help the police make a surprise attack on the car thief.

　　B. To allow the car to lock automatically when stolen.

　　C. To prevent the car thief from restarting it once it stops.

　　D. To prevent car theft by sending a radio signal to the car owner.

　　73. What is essential in making a moderm car tougher to steal?

　　A. A coded ignition key.

　　B. A unique ID card.

　　C. A special cell-phone signal.

　　D. A GPS satellite positioning receiver.

　　74. Why does the tracking system set a 100-metre minimum before sending an alarm to the operations centre?

　　A. To leave time for the operations centre to give an alarm.

　　B. To keep police informed of the car’s movements.

　　C. To give the driver time to contact the operations centre.

　　D. To allow for possible errors in the GPS system.

　　75. What will the operations centre do first after receiving an alarm?

　　A. Start the tracking system.

　　B. Contact the car owner.

　　C. Block the car engine.

　　D. Locate the missing car.

　　56-59ACDA

　　60-63BCAD

　　64-67CADB

　　68-71CCAC

　　72-75CADB

　　56.【答案精解】A。推理题。这句话的意思是“有的购买者买一件东西，却什么也不图。”隐藏的意思是他们只看包装不看实物，是物非所值的购物方式。只有选项A是表达的这种意思，其他几个选项意思近似。

　　57．【答案精解】C。推理题。整篇文章讲的是包装就是广告。包装诱惑人进行购买，为什么人们会购买呢，主要是因为人们对好的包装感兴趣，通常认为他们是免费的。

　　58．【答案精解】D。推理题。最后一段，作者提示读者The words and pictures do not tell the whole story．Only the product inside can do that．也就是说不要太相信广告词和图，要看产品本身。

　　59．【答案精解】A。主旨题。本文是讲包装让购物者产生购物冲动的问题，它包含了两层意思，一是对于消费者来说，要注意不要只看包装不看内容；二是对于卖家来说，就是要注意如何包装产品了。因此A更符合这篇文章的标题。

　　60．【答案精解】B。细节题。从文章中第二段最后一句They expected that the Net would prove socially healthier than television可得出B为正确答案。

　　61．【答案精解】C。判断题。对照原文，只有选项C没有被提及，其他三项在原文中都可找到。A项源自第二段最后一句，B项与第三段第二句相对应，D项源自第三段最后一句。

　　62．【答案精解】A。细节题。在文章中Christine Riley所说的话“It really points to the need for considering social factors…”可以直接得出答案。

　　63．【答案精解】D。主旨题。文章的中心思想是网络给人造成的坏心情及产生这一结果的原因，所以最佳标题是“网络可能导致坏心情”。

　　64.答案：C. 第一段“the focus of medical care …especially in terms of changing our many unhealthy behaviors”（当今社会医疗保健的重点已经从治愈疾病向预防疾病转变了，特指该表我们许多的不健康的行为。）

　　65.答案：A.细节理解题。第一段中列举了亚健康的一些具体表现，最后指出，亚健康的人并没有生病，但是却称不上是健康，因为他还可以过得更健康一点。选项C、D在文中没有明确提到，而B的意思与原文不符，原文认为这些亚健康状态不会导致人生病。

　　66. D细节理解题。根据文意，“传统医学界没有就“不生病”和“身体健康”做出明确的区分”即传统医学界认为“不生病”就是“身体健康”.

　　67..B词汇题。对于“健康”给出的新的定义，即不是一种人们可以达到的状态，而是一种努力追求的理想。

　　68. 答案：C

　　这题的原句是第一段第一句话“Psychiatrists (精神病专家) who work with older parents say that maturity can be an asset in child rearing-older parents are more thoughtful, use less physical discipline and spend more time with their children.”（与大龄父母接触的精神病专家认为，父母的成熟度对于养育子女是一种资产，因为大龄父母考虑更周到，更少会使用体罚手段，会花更多的时间与子女在一起。）

　　69. 答案: C

　　Henry Metcalf的例子即原文的第二段But he’s also worried that his energy will give out first. he’s learned that young at heart doesn’t mean young. “My body is aging,” says Metcalf. “You can’t get away from that.”（但是，他也担心他的精力会不够。他知道心态年轻不代表真正的年轻。他说，“我的身体在变老，你不能不考虑这一点。”）

　　70. 答案：A

　　第三段的最后一句话“But at the core of those little fears there is often a much bigger one: “that they won’t be alive long enough to support and protect their child,” she says.”（在这些小担忧中，还有一个更大的担心，那就是他们担心他们不能活得足够长来支持保护他们的孩子）

　　71. 答案：C 原文最后一段The twins have given the couple what they desired for years, “a sense of family.”（这对双胞胎的诞生给了夫妇俩多年来梦寐以求的“家的感觉”。）

　　72. C 第一段第二句话“The car is fitted with a remote …start it again.”（配有远程锁止器的车辆，远在数公里以外的控制中心可以通过无线电信号遥控车辆的引擎，使其无法再次启动。），这句话就明确指出了远程锁止器的作用，即锁定车辆使其无法再次启动。

　　73. A原文第四段第一句话“Modern cars are far tougher … beamed out by the ignition (点火) key.”（ 现代的车子防盗做得更好，因为它们的引擎管理电脑系统只在接收到一个独一无二的由点火器发送过来的身份密码后才允许启动汽车。）

　　74. D 倒数第二段的第二句话“The hundred metres minimum …in the GPS signal.”（这一百米的最小距离是为了防止由于GPS定位不精确而造成的误报）。

　　75. B 最后一段“Staff at the centre will… is missing”（控制中心的工作人员会和车主确认车子是否确实被偷），与题意相符。

　　重庆八中2012届高三下学期第一次月考（英语）

　　三、阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分）

　　请阅读下列短文，从每题 所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项的标号涂黑。

　　A

　　When I was growing up, I was ashamed to be seen with my father. He was severely disabled and very short, and when we would walk together, his hand on my arm for balance, people would stare. If he ever noticed or was bothered, he never let on.

　　It was difficult to coordinate（协调）our steps—his slow, mine impatient—and because of that, we didn’t say much as we went along. But as we started out, he always said, “You set the pace. I will try to adjust to you.”

　　He never talked about himself as an object of , nor did he show any envy of the more fortunate or able. What he looked for in others was a “good heart”, and if he found one, the owner was good enough for him. I believe that is a proper standard by which to judge people, even though I still don’t know accurately what a “good heart” is.

　　Unable to

　　in many activities, my father still tried to participate in some way. I now know he participated in some things indirectly through me, his only son. When I played ball (poorly), he “played” too. When I joined the Navy, he “joined” too. And when I came home on leave, he saw to it that I visited his office. Introducing me, he was really saying, “This is my son, but it is also me, and I could have done this, too, if things had been different.” Those words were never said aloud.

　　He has been gone many years now, but I think of him often. I wonder if he sensed my unwillingness to be seen with him during our walks. If he did, I am sorry I never told him how sorry I was, how unworthy I was, how I regretted it. I think of him when I complain about small affairs, when I am envious of another’s good fortune, when I don’t have a “good heart”.

　　At such times I put my hand on his arm to regain my balance, and say, “You set the pace. I will try to adjust to you.”

　　56. The author felt unhappy walking with his father because ________.

　　A. he felt sympathy for his father’s physical disability

　　B. it was hard for them to walk at the same pace

　　C. he didn’t want others to know he had an ugly father

　　D. it was not easy for his father to keep balance

　　57. In the father’s view, the most important quality a good person should have is ________.

　　A. beautiful appearance

　　B. excellent health

　　C. a smart head

　　D. a good heart

　　58. It can be inferred from the text that ________.

　　A. the father was proud of his only son

　　B. the father took part in all his son’s activities

　　C. the author was upset when asked to his father’s office

　　D. the author was an outstanding player

　　59. According to the last paragraph, by saying “You set the pace. I will adjust to you.” the author means that ________.

　　A. he is now glad to help his father to walk

　　B. he regrets his unwillingness to walk with his father

　　C. he will follow Father’s standards of being a good man

　　D. he will never forget how mentally strong his father was

　　B

　　An idea that started in Seattle’s public library has spread throughout America and beyond. The concept is simple: help to build a sense of community in a city by getting everyone to read the same book at the same time.

　　In addition to encouraging reading as a pursuit to be enjoyed by all, the program allows strangers to communicate by discussing the book on the bus, as well as promoting reading as an experience to be shared in families and schools. The idea came from Seattle librarian Nancy Pearl who launched the “If All of Seattle Read the Same Book” project in 1998. Her original program used author visits, study guides and book discussion groups to bring people together with a book, but the idea has expanded to many other American cities.

　　The only problem arose in New York, where local readers could not decide on one book to represent the huge and diverse population. This may show that the idea works best in medium-sized cities or large towns, where a greater sense of unity can be achieved. Or it may show that New Yorkers rather missed the point, putting all their energy and passion into the choice of the book rather than discussion about a book itself.

　　Ultimately, as Nancy points out, the level of success is not measured by how many people read a book, but by how many people are enriched by the process, or have enjoyed speaking to someone with whom they would not otherwise have shared a word.

　　60. What is the purpose of the project launched by Nancy?

　　A. To invite authors to guide readers.

　　B. To encourage people to read and share.

　　C. To involve people in community service. D. To promote the friendship between cities.

　　61. According to the author, what should New Yorkers do in the project?

　　A. Build a sense of pride.

　　B. Not share a word with others.

　　C. Discuss about a book itself.

　　D. Put all their energy into the choice of the book.

　　62. According to the passage, where would the project be more easily carried out?

　　A. In large communities with little sense of unity.

　　B. In large cities where libraries are far from home.

　　C. In medium-sized cities with a diverse population.

　　D. In large towns where agreement can be reached.

　　63. According to Nancy, the degree of success of the project is judged by

　　A. the careful selection of a proper book

　　B. the growing popularity of the writers

　　C. the number of people who benefit from reading

　　D. the number of books that each person reads

　　C

　　After successfully serving their term for 4 years, military service men and women are given the choice to stay in the military or return to civilian life.

　　For some, having to readjust to civilian life is one of the most challenging assignments our returning soldiers and marines will ever undertake. While people may think readjusting should be simple, they must take into consideration of all physical and mental stress our servicemen went through.

　　Post-traumatic Stress Disorder（创伤后应急障碍）, or PTSD, is a mental disorder that can occur following the experience or witnessing of life-threatening events such as military battle. Unfortunately, some will have stress reactions that do not go away on their own, or may even get worse over time. These individuals may develop PTSD.

　　Fullerton College, like most colleges, has its own Veteran’s（老兵）Office. Ray Bustos has been running the office for 3 years. Bustos acts as a liaison（联络） for the school and the veteran students. He makes sure the veterans returning to school get the right benefits. There are various types of financial aid for soldiers and marines. He strongly encourages the use of the Veteran Affairs website.

　　The website is very informative and extremely helpful for veterans as well as for friends and relatives of veterans who want to learn more.

　　64. The purpose of the writer in writing the passage is ________________.

　　A. to present a successful example of curing PTSD

　　B. to instruct PTSD patients to return to school

　　C. to recommend a website to veterans and people concerned

　　D. to show veterans steps to readjust to civilian life

　　65. Which of the following is true about Ray Bustos?

　　A. He’s a veteran who has just come back from a military battle.

　　B. He runs Fullerton College with a veteran office.

　　C. He’s in charge of an office dealing with veteran affairs.

　　D. He provides a lot of financial aid for soldiers and marines.

　　66. What might be discussed following the last paragraph?

　　A. Comments on PTSD.

　　B. More details about the website.

　　C. A way to enter Fullerton College. D. Happy civilian life of returning soldiers.

　　67. The best title for the passage is __________

　　A. PTSD: Killer of A Civilian Life

　　B. Ready for a Civilian Life?

　　C. How to Overcome PTSD

　　D. The Last Assignment For All Military Persons

　　D

　　Why should mankind explore space? Why should money, time and effort be spent exploring and researching something with so few apparent benefits? Why should resources be spent on space rather than on conditions and people on Earth? These are questions that, understandably, are very often asked.

　　Perhaps the best answer lies in our genetic makeup as human beings. What drove our ancestors to move from the trees into the plains, and on into all possible areas and environments? The wider the spread of a species, the better its chance of survival. Perhaps the best reason for exploring space is this genetic tendency to expand wherever possible..

　　Exploration also allows minerals and other potential resources to be found. Even if we have no immediate need of them, they will perhaps be useful later. Resources may be more than physical possessions. Knowledge or techniques have been acquired through exploration. The techniques may have medical applications which can improve the length or quality of our lives. We have already got other spin-offs including improvements in earthquake prediction, in satellites for weather forecasting and in communications systems. Even non-stick pans and mirrored sunglasses are by-products of technological developments in the space.

　　While many resources are spent on what seems a small return, the exploration of space allows creative, brave and intelligent members of our species to focus on what may serve to save us. While space may hold many wonders and explanations of how the universe was formed or how it works, it also holds dangers. The danger exists, but knowledge can help human being to survive. Without the ability to reach out across space, the chance to save ourselves might not exist.

　　68. Why does the author mention the questions in Paragraph 1?

　　A. To express his doubts.

　　B. To compare different ideas.

　　C. To introduce points for discussion.

　　D. To describe the conditions on Earth.

　　69. What is the reason for exploring space based on Paragraph 2?

　　A. Humans are nature-born to do so.

　　B. Humans have the tendency to fight.

　　C. Humans may find new sources of food.

　　D. Humans don’t like to stay in the same place.

　　70. The underlined word “spin-offs” in Paragraph 4 refers to______.

　　A. survival chances

　　B. unexpected benefits

　　C. immediate need

　　D. physical possessions

　　71. Which of the statements can best conclude the passage?

　　A. Space exploration has created many wonders.

　　B. Space exploration provides the best value for money.

　　C. Space exploration can benefit knowledge and techniques.

　　D. Space exploration may help us survive on Earth.