安徽省淮南市2014高考英语一轮单项选择及文章训练（1）及答案

　　安徽省淮南市2014高考英语一轮单项选择及文章训练（1）及答案

　　高考英语单项填空设题的方法与角度的依据是“三维模式”，即从结构、语义和语用三个方面来出题，切入的角度有7个，即：交际、情态、反述、省略与替代、特定句式、概念外延和思维定式。

　　1) 结构方面

　　NMET单项填空题的句子结构一般是完整的，即有主语和谓语。主语相当于句子的主题，指明句子讲的是什么，一般是对方已知的信息；谓语是对有关问题加以说明的部份，一般是向对方提供新的信息。考查的重点，也是在谓语部分。命题人有时故意将谓语部分的结构加以改变，“神似貌非”，迷惑考生。根据思维定势的负迁移作用，命题人往往设置干扰性很强的干扰项。这就要求考生不仅具备牢固的基础知识，更要具备灵活的临场分析应变能力。例如：

　　① —Do you know our town at all?

　　—No, this is the first time I _____ here.

　　A. was

　　B. have been

　　C. am

　　D. m corning

　　分析：B最佳。该句运用了这样一个句型“It/This＋is＋the＋序数词＋time＋that……”。在这个句型中that从句常用现在完成时态。切入角度：结构＋交际＋特定句式

　　② The film brought the hours back to me _____ I was taken good care of in that faraway village.

　　A. until

　　B. that

　　C. when

　　D. where

　　分析：C最佳。本题题干长，信息量大，句子成分多，结构复杂，选项之间相互干扰强，难度大。在空白处前，既有时间名词the hours,又有人称代词me 或副词词组back to me。这很难一下子判断出先行词究竟是“the hours”还是“me”。上句可以写成The film brought the hours（——I was taken good care of in that faraway village）back to me.根据先行词为the hours, C项应为最佳答案。设题角度：结构+替代+特定句式

　　2) 语义方面

　　每个单项填空题的考查实际上都是对语义的考查。语境、结构只是语言运用的外在形式，都是为了恰当地表达出一定的语义服务的。认真地审题，准确地把握语义，对于解答好单项填空题，提高解题能力，起着十分重要的作用。虽然近几年来NMET试题的题干越来越长，结构越来越复杂，暗示信息也难以把握，同学们解答起来有一定的难度，但是命题人所设置的题干均是表达规范得体，语义符合逻辑的语言载体。同学们解题时要认真推敲，切勿“望文生义”。

　　例如：

　　①I read about it in some book or other, does it matter _____ it was?

　　A. where

　　B. what

　　C. how

　　D. which

　　分析：D最佳。题干已经明确交待了“某一本书或另一本书”，只是还没有确定究竟是哪一本而已。而且，“or”也给考生起了提示作用，表示选择。故选择D项 , 设题角度：语义+替代 。

　　② — Have you seen _____ pen? I left it here this morning.

　　— Is it _____ black one?

　　I think I saw it somewhere.

　　A. a; the

　　B. the; the

　　C. the; a

　　D. a; a

　　分析：D最佳。本题虽说是考查冠词的用法，但也是语义+思维定式考查的具体体现。因为通常我们在冠词教学中最初都说：泛指某人或某物时用不定冠词；而表示特定的或上文已提到过的人或物用定冠词。然而此处从题干暗示可以看出，问句与答语中的pen均非特指，故前后均用不定冠词。语义+交际+思维定式

　　3) 语用方面

　　NMET单项选择试题越来越重视语用能力的考查，即：语言实用能力。具体而言；基础语法知识，词汇、习语及交际用语等都以置一语境的形式来考查，使语言更具灵活、生动和得体。题干的条件信息愈隐蔽，各选项结构十分相似而、且具有较强的干扰性，这样更能体现试题能力立意的要求。例如：

　　① --- Can you come on Monday or Tuesday?

　　--- I ’m afraid _____ day is possible. (NMET 99)

　　A. either

　　B. some

　　C. neither

　　D. any

　　分析：C为最佳。本题设置实际语境，问者期望Monday or Tuesday 选择一天，而答者有afraid之义，不能如问者的期望。依据语言的得体性，答案只能选C。设题角度：语用+概念外延+交际。

　　② — I stayed at a hotel

　　while in New York.

　　— Oh，did you? You _____ with Barbara.

　　A. could have stayed B. could stay

　　C. would stay

　　D. must have stayed

　　分析：A最佳。本题属于情态动词交际情景中的运用。题干涉过去（在纽约）所发生的事；同时从“did you ”语气可以看出“你本来是能够(could have stayed)和芭芭拉住在一起的，而不是“你一定(must have stayed)和芭芭拉住在一起”，故选A，语用+情态+反述。

　　1. As he was waiting downstairs, he suddenly heard a voice calling from ____ .

　　A. over

　　B. above

　　C. up

　　D. upon

　　2. He has lived _____ for many years. That's why he can hardly speak his mother tongue now.

　　A. in abroad

　　B. exotic

　　C. foreign

　　D. abroad

　　3. --- Could I speak to Mary?

　　--- Well, she’s on holiday, _____ .

　　A. actually

　　B. indeed

　　C. truly

　　D. certainly

　　4. When Mary finally got there, Tom had left an hour _____.

　　A. before

　　B. ago

　　C. later

　　D. after

　　5. I have _____ nothing to do today, so you stay here longer.

　　A. nearly

　　B. ever

　　C. most

　　D. almost

　　6. --- Do you know your results?

　　--- No, I don’t know them ____ .

　　A. already

　　B. since

　　C. before

　　D. yet

　　7. Peter can't speak Chinese and can't write it, _____. So Chinese is Greek to him.

　　A. too

　　B. also

　　C. neither

　　D. either

　　8. He said he would come, he didn't ______.

　　A. though

　　B. although

　　C. yet

　　D. too

　　9. There is only the tree and the rock. I can see nothing _____.

　　A. among

　　B. between

　　C. in

　　D. out

　　10. ____ ! There is a train coming.

　　A. Look out

　　B. Look around

　　C. Look forward

　　D. Look on

　　11. John plays football ____, if not better than, David.

　　A. as well

　　B. as well as

　　C. so well

　　D. so well as

　　12. He will be ____ for months and he told me he wouldn’t be ____ till next Saturday.

　　A. off; off

　　B. away; away

　　C. off; away

　　D. away; off

　　13. --- How long has he been in the army?

　　--- Oh, he joined the army as far ____ as 1997.

　　A. ago

　　B. away

　　C. from

　　D. back

　　14. China has a lot of coal and oil, and it is rich in other rare minerals ______.

　　A. as well

　　B. also

　　C. either

　　D. neither

　　15. With the development of West China, many technicians are _____ needed there in recent years.

　　A. many

　　B. bad

　　C. badly

　　D. well

　　参考答案

　　1—5、BDABD

　　6—10、DDAAA

　　11—15、BDDAC

　　**************************************************结束

　　维A 完形填空(每题1.5分，满分30分)

　　选材相似度：★★★★

　　设题相似度：★★★

　　难度系数：★★★

　　When I returned from a trip abroad，I sensed that something was wrong between Bill，one of my two sons，and me.So I asked him，“Bill，have I done anything that really

　　__1__

　　your feelings？”

　　Immediately，he said，“Yes.Last Christmas you promised us a special

　　__2__

　　that we really wanted but you __3__ gave it to us.”

　　The __4__

　　was that I'd completely forgotten about it.I __5__，“Is there anything else I've done wrong，but I haven't apologized for？”

　　Again，his __6__

　　was immediate，“Remember last Christmas when Mom said you had to go to the __7__ because Kate，my little sister，was going to be born? You left us at home and __8__

　　in a hurry.Remember？”

　　“Well，you left and __9__

　　the suitcase.” I couldn't believe he __10__

　　all the details! “After you came back from the hospital，you were __11__ to see the suitcase had been opened and __12__ had been thrown all over the place，and then you __13__ me.”　

　　“And you didn't do it？”I asked.

　　“No，I didn't.I was just searching for my gift.”

　　My heart sank.I felt __14__.I hugged Bill and asked him to __15__

　　me.His honesty made me think of my other son，Kevin.Maybe I'd hurt his feelings，too.I went to ask him the __16__ question.Kevin answered as immediately as his

　　__17__，“Last Christmas you __18__ us a special toy，but you forgot about it.”

　　__19__

　　Christmas had passed，I took my two sons to the store that day and bought them what I had promised.The

　　__20__

　　thing wasn't the toy.The problem was that I had made a promise too rashly (轻率地) and didn't keep it as their father.

　　【语篇解读】 这是篇夹叙夹议的记叙文。作者答应圣诞节给儿子买玩具，可是并没有遵守诺言，这让儿子非常不满。文章通过作者和儿子不经意间的交流，使人们认识到在家庭教育中“言出必行”的重要性。

　　1．A.showed

　　B．hurt

　　C．attended

　　D．expressed

　　答案　B　[由上文的“I sensed that something was wrong between Bill ...and me”可知，此处表示“我”想知道自己做了什么事情“伤害”了儿子。文章倒数第二段的“I'd hurt his feelings，too”也是提示。]

　　2．A.candy

　　B．book

　　C．picture

　　D．toy

　　答案　D　[由下文倒数第二段中的“Last Christmas you __18__us a special toy，but you forgot about it.”可知，“我”曾经许诺给儿子买“玩具”。]

　　3．A.never

　　B．often

　　C．always

　　D．ever

　　答案　A　[由下文的“I'd completely forgotten about it”以及Kevin的话“...but you forgot about it.”可知，“我从没有”给儿子买曾经许诺过的玩具。]

　　4．A.challenge

　　B．message

　　C．idea

　　D．fact

　　答案　D　[该句的意思是：“事实”是“我”完全忘记了这件事情，所以用fact。]

　　5．A.complained

　　B．apologizedC．continued

　　D．explained

　　答案　C　[根据空格后面的内容可知，“我接着”问问题，所以C正确。]

　　6．A.suggestion

　　B．answer

　　C．action

　　D．blame

　　答案　B　[本段中的again是关键词，与上文的“Immediately，he said”呼应。此处要表示的是Bill 立即“回答”了“我”的第二个问题。]

　　7．A.hospital

　　B．church

　　C．school

　　D．garden

　　答案　A　[根据“凯特要出生”的事实，再联系第五段中的“Afer you came back from the hospital”可知此处表示要去“医院”。]

　　8．A.settled down

　　B．went onC．set off

　　D．got up

　　答案　C　[由in a hurry以及下一段的left可知，“我”应该是“出发，动身 (set off)”。]

　　9．A.replaced

　　B．forgot

　　C．brought

　　D．opened

　　答案　B　[“我”急匆匆地离开家， “忘了”带手提箱。]

　　10．A.knew

　　B．imaginedC．discovered

　　D．remembered

　　答案　D　[Bill能如此清晰地“记得”这些细节，这使“我”大为惊讶。]

　　11．A.angry

　　B．worried

　　C．happy

　　D．satisfied

　　答案　A　[根据下文内容可推知这里应该是“生气，恼火”。]

　　12．A.nothing

　　B．somebody

　　C．everything

　　D．nobody

　　答案　C　[根据下文“thrown all over the place”可推知，应该是“所有的东西”都被翻了出来。]

　　13．A.praised

　　B．punished

　　C．helped

　　D．educated

　　答案　B　[“我”回到家，发现手提箱被打开了，东西扔得满地都是，大为恼火，于是“惩罚”了Bill。]

　　14．A.terrible

　　B．hopeless

　　C．inspired

　　D．encouraged

　　答案　A　[根据上文的“My heart sank”可知，后面是“I felt terrible”；hopeless表示“绝望”，不符合语境。]

　　15．A.support

　　B．criticize

　　C．suspect

　　D．forgive

　　答案　D　 [由儿子的回答可知，“我”错怪了儿子，所以请他“原谅我”。]

　　16．A.easy

　　B．direct

　　C．same

　　D．funny

　　答案　C　[由下文Kevin的回答“Last Christmas you __18__ us a special toy，but you forgot about it.”可知，“我”问了他“同样的”问题。]

　　17．A.mother

　　B．brother

　　C．sister

　　D．father

　　答案　B　[Kevin回答得和他哥哥一样迅速。]

　　18．A.bought

　　B．borrowed

　　C．left

　　D．promised

　　答案　D　[由第二段中的“Last Christmas you promised us a special __2__that...”可知，去年圣诞节，“我”曾经“许诺”给儿子买玩具。]

　　19．A.Though

　　B．Because

　　C．Since

　　D．Until

　　答案　A　[“尽管”圣诞节过去了，但是“我”还是带着两个儿子去商店买了“我”许诺过的东西。]

　　20．A.strange

　　B．interesting

　　C．important

　　D．difficult

　　答案　C　[重要的不是玩具，而是作为一个父亲，应该遵守诺言。]