【北京专用】2014届高考英语一轮复习方案课时作业：必修3 Unit 4 Astronomy：the science of the stars

　　课时作业(十四)　[必修3　Unit 4 Astronomy：the science of the stars] (限时：35分钟)Ⅰ.单项填空t is interested in ________ astronomy and he wishes he could make a trip into ________ space one day.

　　A．the; the

　　B．an; the/

　　D．/; /，the company，________，should do the constructing work.，________，rich or poor，have been trying their best to help those in need since the disaster.the team are going to tour around the city ________ by their enthusiastic supporters.

　　A．being cheered

　　B．be cheered

　　C．to be cheered

　　D．were cheered

　　5．[2012·福建卷] China recently tightened its waters controls near the Huangyan Island to prevent Chinese fishing boats from ________ in the South China Sea.l groups of words which even some native speakers and writers of English find________．

　　A．puzzling

　　B．puzzled

　　C．being puzzled

　　D．to puzzle

　　7．During job interviews, many graduates use the reputation of their schools to the full ________ themselves to the employers.

　　A．presented

　　B．being presented

　　C．to present

　　D．having presented

　　8．He didn't make ________ clear when and where the meeting would be held.

　　A．this

　　B．that

　　C．it

　　D．these

　　9．Obviously, strengthening strategic partnership is consistent with the ________ interests of the two countries and their peoples.

　　A．traditional

　　B．potential

　　C．fundamental

　　D．secure

　　10．Getting more information on how to use these tools can ________ your chances of success.

　　A．raise

　　B．multiply

　　C．add

　　D．gain

　　11．________ most children nowadays are the only children, they tend to be more self­centered.

　　A．Ever since

　　B．Now that

　　C．Only if

　　D．Even though

　　12．Mum likes this old house in downtown better than the huge one in the country, but it costs almost________．

　　A．twice as much

　　B．twice as many

　　C．twice so much

　　D．twice so many

　　13．There was a ________ quarrel between the husband and the wife；after that the wife left home and never came back.ars she had tried her best to ________ the terrible memory, but it was not an easy task.

　　A．live on

　　B．block out

　　C．bring back

　　D．call up

　　15．—Do you think living in the country has advantages?

　　—________．

　　A．Yes, perfectly

　　B．Yes, it isthat depends

　　Ⅱ.阅读理解x, I sat next to a man I'll call Clayton. Clayton kept talking about himself all through the entire conversation: he had solved problems no one else could; only his views were right; other researchers' work was inaccurate or unimportant. I could not put in a word. Extremely annoyed, I planned to avoid Clayton in that future. In fact, I decided never to have another conversation with him.

　　A few days later I was in an education class. Our professor explained how one child could become the target of the other students' ridicule(讥笑)．(放大) in that student. They don't want to admit they have the same weakness, so they ridicule and exclude the student. The behavior of both the class and the excluded student is caused by personal insecurity.”suddenly I thought of Clayton. It struck me that I have many of the same faults. How easily I rule a conversation and leave others out. I, too, sometimes feel that only my opinion is right. My concerns or work easily seems most important. As my professor had described, I reacted negatively to someone in whom I experienced my own weakness.

　　I changed my mind. Instead of avoiding Clayton, I'll try to listen patiently with the same kindness and acceptance that I need.

　　16．The writer was extremely annoyed with Clayton partly because ________．

　　A．he said not all his views were right

　　B．he wouldn't let her put in a word

　　C．he kept silent all through the dinner

　　D．he was too particular about the food

　　17．Who said the words in Paragraph 3?

　　A．Clayton.

　　B．The writer's husband.

　　C．The writer.

　　D．The writer's professor.

　　18．The fourth paragraph was written to show ________．

　　A．why the writer changed her mind

　　B．how the writer was annoyed

　　C．when the writer had her education

　　D．what weakness the writer had

　　19．We can infer from the last paragraph that ________．

　　A．the writer will see other people more positively

　　B．Clayton will not rule a conversation any longer

　　C．the writer will try to avoid talking with Clayton

　　D．Clayton will find out he has his own weakness

　　B

　　Why People Get Tattoos

　　Jack lay, quiet and unmoving, for thirty minutes while a stranger repeatedly stabbed (刺) him with sharp needles, causing blood to pour steadily out of his leg. Jack was getting a tattoo. His friend Tony had recently gotten a tattoo, and Jack was so impressed by it that he decided to get one too. Peer pressure, media influence, and personal expressions are some of the common reasons for wearing tattoos today.

　　The desire to be accepted by one's friends or peers can have a great influence on what a person does. Sometimes, wearing a tattoo can be a sign that you belong to a certain group. Gangs often use special clothes and tattoos to identify their particular group. Some of these groups wear only brand­name clothes. Others wear tattoos. When a person's friends are all doing something, that person is more likely to do the same thing.

　　The media is another big influence behind the popularity of tattoos in North America. A wide variety of media images(人物，图像) show tattoos—people appearing in commercials selling expensive cars, famous sports heroes with tattoos in magazines, fashion models wearing designer clothes that show their bodies tattooed with detailed and colourful patterns. These media images link tattoos to ideas of wealth, success, and status. As a result, many people decide to get a tattoo for its fashion and status value.

　　Many people decide to wear tattoos in order to express their artistic nature, their beliefs, or their feelings—in other words, to show their individuality(个性). A musician in a rock band may get a tattoo of a guitar on the arm. Some environmentalists may tattoo pictures of endangered animals on their shoulders. A tattoo can be a public sign to show what is important in a person's life.

　　As you can see, there are many reasons why young North Americans get tattoos. A tattoo can be part of a group's uniform, a sign of fashion, or an expression of individuality. The decision to get a tattoo is most often a result of the influence of friends or media or the desire to express oneself. For Jack, it was a mixture of all three.

　　20．Jack has got tattoos in order to ________．

　　A．show his great bravery

　　B．gain a special experience

　　C．make himself more healthy

　　D．be different from others

　　21．According to the passage, media images are linked to ________．

　　A．traditional lifestyle

　　B．social position

　　C．cultural background

　　D．public interest

　　22．We can infer from the passage that ________．

　　A．some people get tattoos out of pressure

　　B．tattoo is related to religious belief

　　C．getting tattoos costs a lot of money

　　D．most people with tattoos are artists

　　23．Which of the following shows the structure of the passage?

　　CP: Central Point　P: Point　Sp: Sub­point (次要点)Conclusion

　　课时作业(十四)　考查冠词。astronomy指学科，学科前不用冠词；space指“太空”，一般不与冠词连用，但有形容词修饰时，应使用定冠词。　句意：我们完成in one's turn固定搭配，意思是“轮到某人，接着”。　句意：自这次灾难以来，所有的人，不管是年老的还是年轻的，富有的还是贫穷的，都在尽自己最大的努力去帮助那些需要帮助的人。whether…or…是固定搭配，意为“无论是……还是……，不管是……还是……”。　考查非谓语动词。句意：如果他们赢了今晚的决赛，队员们将会巡游全城，接受热心支持者的A项being cheered正在进行；B项be cheered是谓语原形；D项were cheered也是谓语，但句中已有谓语are going to；C项to be cheered表示将来，同时也表示被动。根据语境，选C。　考查固定词组搭配。prevent sb from doing sth“阻止某人做某事”，本句中的fishing boats和attack是被动关系，所以选择C项，且此处不用完成时态。句意：中国最近加紧黄岩岛的水域控制来阻止中国渔船　考查非谓语动词。find small groups of words puzzling，puzzling作宾语补足语，表示“让人迷惑的”。　考查非谓语动词。to present themselves to the employers为动词不定式短语作目的状语。　考查代词it的用法。此处 it作形式宾语，when and where the meeting would be held是真正的宾语。当复合宾语中的宾语是宾语从句时，往往把宾语放在它的补语的后面，而把代词it放在全句谓语动词和宾语补语的中间。宾语补语后面的宾语是真正的宾语，谓语动词和宾语补语中间的it是形式宾语。　考查形容词辨析。句意：很明显，加强两国的战略伙伴关系与两国以及两国人民的根本利益是一致的。traditional传统的，惯例的；potential潜在的，可能的；fundamental基础的，根本的，十分重要的；secure安全的，牢固　考查动词辨析。句意：获取更多有关如何使用这些工具的信息可以增加你的成功机会。raise举起，提高，筹集，养育；multiply乘，增加；add将……相加，增加(＋to)；gain获得。　考查状语从句的连接词。此处now that意为：既然。句意：因为当今大多数孩子是独生子，所以他们更加自我。　考查倍数的表达法。此处结构为：倍数＋as＋。　考查形容词辨析。句意：丈夫和妻子之间发生了一次激烈的争吵，之后，妻子离家出走，再也没回来。violent激烈的，暴力的。sensitive敏感的；serious严重的，严肃的；strict严格的。　考查动词短语辨析。句意：多年来她一直想要封闭那段可怕的回忆，但这一点儿都不容易。live on意为“靠……过活，以……为主食，继续存在”； block out意为“挡住，遮住(光线或声音)；忘掉，抹去(不愉快的事)bring back意为“带回来，使记起，使恢复”； call up意为“给……打电话，使想起”。根据句意可知B项正确。D　考查情景交际。that depends那依情况而定。古语说，“以人为鉴，可以知得失”。教授的话使作者在Clayton身上看到了自己的一些缺点，于是她改变了以前的想法，不回避Clayton，而是耐心地听他说话。Clayton一直谈论着自己，作者插不上话，所以对他非常厌烦。　细节理解题。根据第二段的“Our professor explained how one child…”可知，第三段的话是出自那个教授之口。　推理判断题。第四段讲述了作者在听教授的课时发现自己与Clayton有很多共有的毛病，这就是她决定改变自己想法的原因。　推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，为了改正自己的缺点，作者决定不回避Clayton，而是耐心去倾听他说话，由此可推知作者会用更积极的眼光去看待他人。B

　　20．D　细节理解题。根据第一段描述和第四段结论，人们文身的目的是“Many people decide to wear tattoos in order to express their artistic nature, their beliefs, or their feelings—in other words, to show their individuality.”故选D。　细节理解题。目标段为第三段“These media images link tattoos to ideas of wealth, success, and status.”，文身和财富、成就、地位相关，这些都指社会地位。故选B。　推理判断题。本文谈到文身与同伴压力、媒体影响和个人表达B、D选项有失偏颇，不仅与宗教信仰、艺术相关，还与其他方面有关；C选项文中没有相关信息； 故选A。第一段谈到。　篇章结构题。本文采用的是“总—分—总”式排列方法，前后照应。第一段说明本文观点，即“Peer pressure, media influence, and personal expressions are some of the common reasons for wearing tattoos today.” 第二、三、四段分别从这三个方D。