【外研英语，七省专用】2014《走向高考》英语一轮总复习（2016春出版）第一部分 教师讲义手册：选修八8-3

　　选修八　Module 3

　　Foreign Food

　　As China's integration into the world economy accelerates, western food has grown from a small novelty into an emerging industry and an essential part of Chinese food culture. In recent years, China's food industry has maintained rapid growth in business volume, with western food contributing its fair proportion, according to the National Bureau of Statistics.

　　Over the past ten years, western food has become more diversified and has increasingly provided Chinese consumers with unconventional enjoyment, a complete turn from traditional Chinese food culture. China now has western­style cuisine of various nationalities and special characteristics. French, German and Italian restaurants are the most popular. Western­style fast food is led by McDonald's and KFC; bars, coffee shops, Japanese sushi bars, South Korean cuisine and south­east Asian delicacies are also ascendant.

　　Latest statistics from the China Cuisine Association indicate that there are more than 20,000 western catering companies in 30 provincial­level administrative regions and more than 60% of China's cities. These establishments employ a total of 140, 000 staff. The western food industry has even development in Yunnan's Lijiang, Tibet's Lhasa, Ningxia's Yinchuan and other areas with exuberant vitality.

　　1．教材原句：

　　He must_have thought I was joking.

　　真题呈现

　　(上海高考)It ________ have been Tom that parked the car here, as he is the only one with a car.

　　A．may　B．can

　　C．must

　　D．should

　　考题巧解　C　must have been表示对过去发生的行为的肯定推测，意为“一定、想必”。

　　2．教材原句：

　　But recently, we have seen a gradual trend towards healthier food.

　　真题呈现

　　(浙江高考)In the good care of the nurses, the boy is ________ recovering from his heart operation.

　　A．quietly

　　B．actually

　　C．practically

　　D．gradually

　　考题巧解　D　quietly“安静地”；actually“实际上”；practically“实际上”；gradually“逐渐地”。

　　(Ⅰ)单词速记

　　A．联想记忆法

　　1．fixed adj.固定的→________ adj.变化无常的，不稳定的

　　2．transform v．转化，转变→transform...________...把……转变成……

　　3．compliment n．赞美→compliment ________ sth.赞美……

　　4．cattle n．牛(指菜牛或奶牛)→________n．公牛→________n．母牛，奶牛

　　5．consequence n．后果→________consequence结果，因此

　　6．trend n．趋势，趋向→________a/the trend带领新潮流

　　7．artificial adj.人造的；人工的→________adj.(同义词)人工的

　　8．ripe adj.(水果或庄稼)成熟的→be ripe ________sth.准备就绪……

　　答案：1.changeable　2.into　3.on　4.ox；cow　5.in　6.set　7.man­made　8.for

　　B．构词记忆法

　　1．greedily adv.贪婪地→________ adj.贪婪的；贪心的；渴望的；贪吃的→________n．[U]贪婪；贪心；贪欲；贪食

　　2．manner n．方式；方法→________n．行为；礼貌

　　3．remark v．谈到，说起→________adj.非凡的；奇异的；显著的；引人注目的

　　4．casually adv.随意地→________adj.不在乎的；漫不经心的；随便的

　　5．consume v．(正式)吃；喝→________n．消费者

　　6．abundant adj.丰富的；充裕的→________n．丰富；充裕

　　答案：1.greedy；greed　2.manners　3.remarkable　4.casual　5.consumer　6.abundance

　　(Ⅱ)短语突破

　　1．________ the dot 准时；在指定时刻

　　be dotted ________遍布；星罗棋布于……

　　2．make ________ 看出；理解

　　make ________成功

　　3．what's ________ 而且

　　what's ________更糟糕的是

　　4．go ________违背

　　go ________熄灭

　　5．be based ________以……为基础

　　________the foundations of 打下……的基础

　　6．________ wonder 难怪

　　wonder

　　________想知道

　　7．transform... ________...把……转变为……

　　change... ________... 把……变成……

　　8．________ short 简言之，总之

　　in ________总的来说；通常

　　答案：1.on；with　2.out；it　3.more；worse　4.against；out　5.on；lay　6.no；about　7.into；into　8.in；general

　　(Ⅲ)句型总结

　　经典句型

　　1．No wonder my fellow guests had had only a few bites of each dish；they knew __________________(还有什么菜要上)．

　　2．Another aspect of “food culture” is that the Chinese seem to eat almost every part of every animal—____________________________(令很多西方人深感恐怖的)．

　　3．____________________________________(我第一次看到一个3岁小孩高兴地啃鸡头时)I had bad dreams for weeks.

　　4．I was amazed at their easy and graceful manner ____________________________(而我站在那里感到有些茫然)by the food.

　　5．It was quite hard __________________________(弄清楚他们里面是什么东西)．

　　6．.... ________________________(只是在我尝了一下后)that I knew it was actually cooked with mushrooms.

　　答案：1.what was still to come

　　2．much to the horror of many westerners

　　3．The first time I saw a three­year­old kid cheerfully chewing a chicken's head

　　4．while I stood there feeling somewhat confused

　　5．to make out what they contained

　　6．it was only after I had tasted it

　　典句仿写

　　the first time 第一次

　　仿写：他第一次到这个小镇，就开始喜欢它了。

　　_________________________________________________

　　答案：The first time he came to this small town，he began to like it.

　　(Ⅳ)教材设问

　　1．The first six or seven dishes seemed to fill the table, with plates dangerously ________ one on top of another.

　　A．balancedB．balancing

　　C．to balanced

　　D．balance

　　2．There was enough to feed a whole army. ________ my fellow guests had had only a few bites of each dish; they knew what was still to come.

　　A．This is no wonder

　　B．There's no wonder

　　C．No wonder

　　D．That's no wonder

　　3．It was quite hard to ________ what they contained.

　　A．make up

　　B．make out

　　C．make of

　　D．make for

　　4．The food here goes against the Chinese ________ of beauty and style at the dinner table.

　　A．idea

　　B．opinion

　　C．thought

　　D．sense

　　1．owe vt. & vi. 欠(债务)，感激；把……归功于……

　　搭配

　　owe sb. sth.＝owe sth. to sb.欠某人某物

　　owe a lot/a great deal to sb. 非常感谢某人

　　owe sth. to... 把……归功于

　　①He owes his success more to luck than to ability.

　　他认为他的成功是靠运气而不是因为自己有能力。

　　We owe_a_great_deal_to our parents.

　　我们深受父母之恩。

　　I owe the landlord one hundred dollars./I owe one hundred dollars_to the landlord.

　　我欠房东一百美元。

　　知识拓展

　　owing adj. 未付的，欠着的

　　owing to 因为，由于

　　辨析：because of, thanks to, owing to

　　1)because of指原因，意为“因为”，用以指出理由。

　　2)thanks to 既可表达正面意义(亏得，多亏，幸亏)，又可表达讽刺意义。

　　3)owing to意为“由于，因为”。

　　即学即用

　　I ________ you 6,800 pounds altogether then. Thanks a lot for your lending me so much.

　　A．owe　B．have　C．own　D．leave

　　答案：A　owe sb. some money意为：“欠某人钱”。

　　2．taste n. 味道；滋味；一口；爱好；趣味；情趣 vt. 品尝；尝到；感到 link­v. 尝起来

　　搭配

　　a man of taste 颇有生活鉴赏力的人；风雅的人

　　give sb. a taste of 叫某人尝尝……的滋味；叫某人领略一下……

　　in bad/poor taste 不雅致；俗气；不体面；不得体

　　to one's taste 合……口味；合……的意

　　a taste for...爱好……；有……眼力

　　①My sense of taste isn't very good; I have a cold.

　　我的味觉不是很好，我感冒了。

　　You'd better taste the soup to see if I put enough salt in it.

　　你最好尝一下汤，看看我是否放够了盐。

　　The fish you cooked for me tasted delicious.

　　你为我做的鱼尝起来很鲜美。

　　知识拓展

　　taste还可作连系动词，意为“尝起来”。另外表示感官的连系动词还有smell(闻起来)，feel(摸起来)，look (看起来)，sound (听起来)等。后面常跟形容词作表语，表示主语的性质；也可以跟like＋n.，表示“像……”的意思。

　　What does turkey taste

　　like?

　　火鸡吃起来是什么味道？

　　助记

　　He tasted the drumstick, which tasted delicious.

　　他尝了尝那个美味的鸡腿。

　　即学即用

　　________this cake and tell me whether you like it.

　　A．TastingB．To taste

　　C．Taste

　　D．To have tasted

　　答案：C　本题考查“祈使句＋and＋陈述句”结构。

　　3．manner n. 方式，方法；态度

　　搭配

　　manner of (doing) sth. ……的方式

　　in a/the...manner 以……的方式

　　I don't object what she says, but I strongly disapprove of her manner_of saying it.

　　我不反对她说的话，但她说这话的方式我很反感。

　　②We walked in_a_leisurely_manner,_looking in all the windows.

　　我们慢悠悠地走着，看遍所有的橱窗。

　　知识拓展

　　manners n. 礼貌，礼仪；风俗

　　good/bad manners 有礼貌/没礼貌

　　It's good/bad manners to do sth. 做某事是有/没礼貌的

　　即学即用

　　完成句子

　　____________________ (不礼貌) to stare at people.

　　Customers should be treated ____________________ (以礼貌、友好的方式)．

　　答案：It's bad manners　in a polite and friendly manner

　　4．remark v．谈到，说起；注意到；评论

　　n. 意见；评论，评语

　　搭配

　　remark on/upon 就……发表意见；评论

　　as remarked above 综上所述

　　remark that 评论；说起，谈到

　　make a remark on/about 就……发表意见；对……评头论足

　　①Prof. Smith remarked_on the difference between the two dictionaries.

　　史密斯教授谈到了这两本词典的不同之处。

　　A local newspaper remarked_that crime was on the decrease.

　　一家地方报纸评论说犯罪案件在减少。

　　They made_rude_remarks_about her appearance.

　　他们对她的外表横加粗暴的评论。

　　知识拓展

　　remarkable adj. 值得注意的，显著的；非凡的

　　remarkably adv. 引人注目地；明显地；非常地

　　即学即用

　　完成句子

　　He ________ ________ ________ /________ ________ on the death of Muammar Gaddafi.

　　他没对穆阿迈尔·卡扎菲的死亡作出任何评论。

　　答案：made no remark/didn't remark

　　5．consequence n. 后果；结果，重大；重要

　　知识拓展

　　1)consequent adj. 结局的，跟着发生的

　　consequently adv. 因而；所以

　　2)answer for the consequences 对后果负责

　　as a consequence＝in consequence 因而；结果

　　of consequence 有势力的；重要的

　　immediate consequence 直接后果

　　in consequence of＝as a consequence of 由于；因为……的缘故

　　take the consequences of 承担……责任

　　be consequent upon 因……而引起的；随……而发生的

　　①I'm quite willing to accept the consequences.

　　我完全愿意承担后果。

　　As_a_consequence_of being in hospital, Shelly decided that she wanted to become a nurse.

　　由于住过院的缘故，谢莉决定当一名护士。

　　Is it of any consequence to you?

　　这对你重要吗？

　　④In_consequence_of your bad work I am forced to dismiss you.

　　你工作不好，我只能解雇你。

　　即学即用

　　完成句子

　　________ ________ ________ ________ a lack of funds，the project will have to be delayed.

　　由于缺少资金，这项工程将不得不延迟。

　　②He is very careless；________ ________ ________，he always makes some mistakes.

　　他很粗心；所以老是犯错误。

　　答案：As a consequence of　as a consequence

　　6．abundant adj. 丰富的；充足的

　　知识拓展

　　an abundant year 丰年

　　be abundant in 富于……；在……方面很丰富

　　abundance n. 丰富；充足；富裕

　　in abundance 大量；丰盛；充裕

　　an abundance of 丰富的

　　abundance of the heart 热情洋溢；感情充沛

　　①The plants of this area are very abundant.

　　这个地域的植物很丰富。

　　The Changjiang valley is_abundant_in resources.

　　长江流域的资源丰富。

　　Wild flowers grow in_abundance on the hillside.

　　山坡上长满了野花。

　　即学即用

　　We are happy that the tree yields an/(a)________of fruit.

　　A．abundant

　　B．response

　　C．abundance

　　D．attendance

　　答案：C　句意为“这棵结了很多果实，我们很高兴。”由句意可知选C。

　　7．no wonder 难怪

　　知识拓展

　　1)It's no wonder (that)．../No wonder (that)．.. 难怪……

　　It's a wonder that... 令人吃惊的是……

　　2)wonder＋if/whether＋clause 不知道能否……

　　wonder about 考虑关于……

　　wonder at 对……好奇

　　①No_wonder he is not hungry, he has been eating sweets all day.

　　难怪他不饿，他整天都在吃糖果。

　　②It's_a_wonder_that you recognized me after so many years.

　　过了这么多年你还能认出我真让人吃惊。

　　③I was wondering_whether you would like to have dinner with me.

　　不知道你能否和我共进晚餐。

　　提示：was wondering并不表示过去，而是一种语气委婉的表达方式。

　　即学即用

　　完成句子

　　It is ________ (一个奇迹) that she has taken part in the Marathon and finished it.

　　8．make out 设法应付；过活；了解；理解；辨认出；写出；填写；声称；断言

　　知识拓展

　　make for 朝……行进；对……有好处

　　make into 改变或转变成……

　　make up 组成；编造；化妆

　　make a difference 有关系；有影响

　　make believe 假装

　　make fun of 取笑

　　make it 规定时间(后接时间点)；做到；赶到

　　make sense 讲得通，有意义

　　make sense of 弄懂……的意义

　　make the most/best of 充分利用

　　make use of 利用

　　①—Shall we meet next week?

　　—Yes, let's make_it next Saturday.

　　——下星期我们见一次面好吗？

　　——好的，让我们约定下星期六吧。

　　②I guess I can make_it.

　　我想我赶得上。

　　③You can't make_it to the other shore in this bad weather.

　　天气这么恶劣，你可到不了对岸。

　　即学即用

　　When he realized the police had spotted him, the man________the exit as quickly as possible.

　　A．made off

　　B．made for

　　C．made out

　　D．made up

　　答案：B　短语辨析。make for“朝……行进”。

　　9．The first time I ate British food I was in the canteen of a London publisher.

　　我是在伦敦的一个出版商的餐厅里第一次吃的英国饭。

　　the first time为名词词组，引导了一个时间状语从句。

　　the first time在此处相当于一个连词，下列词组都可以这样用：the first/second...time/the day/minute/second/year...

　　知识拓展

　　还有几个副词如：instantly, immediately，directly。都可以直接引导一个句子。

　　①The_first_time I went abroad I could hardly understand what the foreigners said.

　　我第一次出国时几乎听不懂老外说些什么。

　　②We held a meeting to sum up our experience immediately we finished the work.

　　工作一结束，我们立即开会总结经验。

　　注意：for the first time表示有生以来第一次做某事，在句子中作状语。the first time相当于一个连词，常引导一个时间状语从句，其重点是叙述某一动作或情况，不是强调第一次做了什么事。另外，它还可以作表语，后接定语从句，定语从句常用完成时态。

　　It's the first time he has been invited to a dinner.

　　这是他第一次被邀请出席晚宴。

　　即学即用

　　He was struck by her beauty________he saw her.

　　A．for the first time

　　B．the first time

　　C．for the first

　　D．the first

　　答案：B　the first time在此作连词，相当于“when...for the first time”。

　　单元语法精讲精练

　　定语和定语从句

　　1．定语

　　定语可以由形容词、代词、数词、名词或名词所有格、分词(短语)、不定式(短语)、介词短语、副词、词组或合成词、从句来充当。

　　①All the people present were for the plan.

　　在场的所有人都同意这项计划。

　　②We belong to the Third World.

　　我们属于第三世界。

　　③He broke a coffee cup.

　　他打碎了一个咖啡杯。

　　④This is a map of China.

　　这是一幅中国地图。

　　2．非限制性定语从句

　　非限制性定语从句与先行词的关系松散，对主句的某一内容作补充说明。在朗读时稍有停顿，书写时常用逗号与主句隔开。引导词常用关系代词which, who, whom, whose, as和关系副词where, when。

　　即学即用

　　We all Chinese people are called on to learn from Lei Feng，________ we think has set a good example to all of us.

　　A．whose

　　B．who

　　C．whom

　　D．that

　　答案：B　分析整个句子结构以及根据题干中的逗号可知该句是非限制性定语从句，首先排除D项。从句中的we think是插入语，可将其忽略，分析从句结构可知，此处缺少主语，所以要用可以作主语的关系代词who。故选B。