2017高考四川省广安市英语阅读理解一轮系列训练：13（含解析）

　　广安市2017高考英语阅读理解一轮系列训练（13）

　　阅读理解。阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。

　　Are you preparing for a big test? If so, you may want to go play some basketball in between hitting the books. Doctors are starting to find more and more information that suggests a connection between exercise and brain development. Judy Cameron, a scientist at Oregon Health and Science University, studies brain development. According to her research, it seems that exercise can make blood vessels(血管), including those in the brain, stronger and more fully developed. Doctor Cameron is sure that this allows people who exercise to think better. As she says, “ while we already know that exercise is good for the heart, exercise can actually cause physical changes in the brain.”

　　The effects of exercise on brain development can even be seen in babies. Babies who do activities that requires a lot of movement and physical activity show greater brain development than babies who are less physically active. Even a little movement can show big results. Margaret Barnes, a scientist, also believes in the importance of exercise. She thinks that many learning disabilities that children have in primary school or high school can result from a lack of movement as babies. “Babies need movement that encourages and excites their five senses. They need to set up a connection between motion and memory. In this way, as they get older, children will begin to connect physical activity with higher learning,” says Margaret.

　　Older people can develop their brains as well. Cornell University studied a group of seniors who have a short—term memory increase of up to 40 percent after exercising just three hours a week. The exercise does not have to be very difficult, but it does have to increase the heart rate. Also, just like the motion for babies, exercise for older people should not be too simple. Learning some new skills or actions, such as with yoga or tai-chi helps to open up memory paths in the brain that may not have been used for a long time. For most people, any type of physical activity that increases the heart rate is helpful. The main aim is to increase the brain’s flow of blood. And your brain can benefit from as little as two to three hours of exercise a week.

　　1. What is the main idea of this passage?

　　A. How exercise makes people strong. B. How to get good scores on a test.

　　C. How exercise helps the brain. D. How the brain can change.

　　2. According to the passage, what is the connection between exercise and brain development?

　　A. Exercise helps make our blood vessels.

　　B. Physical exercise helps us think better.

　　C. The brain needs special mental exercise.

　　D. The more exercise, the bigger the brain.

　　3. The smallest amount of exercise required to gain any benefit is

　　A. three hours per week

　　B. 40 hours per week

　　C. three hours per day

　　D. 40 hours per month

　　4. Why is yoga suggested for seniors?

　　A. It does good to the joints of old people.

　　B. It does not increase the heart rate.

　　C. It includes learning new actions

　　D. It can be done in groups.

　　1、答案解析：答案为C。本题为主旨大意题。第一段就点出了全文的中心 “According to her research, it seems that exercise can make blood vessels, including those in the brain, stronger and more fully developed.”，锻炼可以使血管，包括大脑里的血管更结实、发育更好，后面的段落分别对中心进行阐述证明。故答案为C。

　　2、答案解析：答案为B。本题为细节推理题。由第一段 “According to her research, it seems that exercise can make blood vessels, including those in the brain, stronger and more fully developed. Doctor Cameron is sure that this allows people who exercise to think better.” 可知，答案为B。

　　3、答案解析：答案为A。本题为细节题。由最后一段最后一句话 “And your brain can benefit from as little as two to three hours of exercise a week.”可知，答案为A。

　　4、答案解析：答案为C。本题为推理题。由最后一段 “Learning some new skills or actions, such as with yoga or tai-chi helps to open up memory paths in the brain that may not have been used for a long time. For most people, any type of physical activity that increases the heart rate is helpful.”，可知C选项正确。A、D选项未提及；B选项与文意相反。故答案为C。

　　阅读理解训练

　　(2015·长春市质量检测二)

　　Scientists in Argentina have created the world's first cow with two human genes that will enable it to produce human­like milk.

　　Genetic engineering was used to introduce the “mothers' milk” genes into the animal before birth, according to the National Institute of Agribusiness Technology in Buenos Aires.

　　As an adult the cloned cow “will produce milk that is similar to humans” in what will prove “a development of great importance for the nutrition of infants(婴儿)”， said the institute.“The cloned cow, named Rosita ISA, is the first in the world that incorporates two human genes that contain the proteins present in human milk，” said the statement.

　　The Argentine team said the Chinese only introduced one human gene, while their research involved two，meaning the milk will more_closely_resemble that of humans.

　　“Our goal was to raise the nutrition value of cows' milk by adding two human genes, which do good to the immune system of the infants.” said Adrian Mutto, from the National University of San Martin which worked with the institute.

　　Cristina Kirchner, President of Argentina, said that the scientific institute “makes all Argentines proud.”She also rejected that she had rejected the “honour” of having the cow named after her. “They came to tell me that the name is Cristina, but what woman would like to have a cow named after her? It appeared to me to be more proper to call it Rosita.”

　　文章大意：这是一篇资讯报道，属记叙文体裁，介绍了阿根廷通过添加人类基因的方式培育出了“类人乳”牛。

　　5．What's the passage mainly about?

　　A．The importance of genetic engineering.

　　B．Ways to improve “mothers' milk”．

　　C．A cloned cow to produce human­like milk.

　　D．Advanced agricultural technology in Argentina.

　　答案：C　主旨大意题。根据科技资讯报道的特点，在文章第一段就会出现文章主题句，即 Scientists in Argentina have created the world's first cow with two human genes that will enable it to produce human­like milk.即可得出正确结论，故选C。

　　6．Which of the following can be best replace “more closely resemble” in Paragraph 4?

　　A．have more varieties than

　　B．be more similar to

　　C．have more nutrition than

　　D．be more different from

　　答案：B　词义猜测题。第四段内容介绍了中国培育了加入一个人类基因的牛可以被认为 “human­like”，那么阿根廷加入两个，足见是“更接近人乳”了，故选B。

　　7．What can be inferred from Cristina Kirchner's statements?

　　A．She was quite satisfied with the research done by the institute.

　　B．She considered it an honor to name the special cow.

　　C．She felt it improper to be named after the cow.

　　D．She refused to give a name to the cow out of self­respect.

　　答案：A　推理判断题。女总统的话the scientific institute “makes all Argentines proud” 说明A 正确。B中说她认为给牛命名是一种荣耀，并未提及。最后一段，只要明确name和name after区别即可。be named after her 是以她的名字命名，而be named after the cow是以牛的名字命名；显然C是错误的，而D中give a name to the cow是给牛起名的意思，故D不对。

　　阅读理解训练

　　(2015·山东省威海市二模)

　　British planning experts are heading to China to advise on building cities that do not damage the environment. They will address mayors on the need to avoid U．S. Model by building dense(稠密的) cities with low­carbon buildings and good public transport. Their visit follows a report warning that the road­based U．S. Model could make climate change impossible to control.

　　Europe's densely­populated cities, with strong public transport links, are held up as an example for China to follow. By good planning and spending a little more, livable new cities could be built with low­carbon infrastructure(基础设施). In China many institutions are taking the climate more seriously than before and the traveling group from Britain's Town and Country Planning Association will meet officials from the Chinese government's economic research agency in a workshop on low­carbon buildings.

　　They will also meet officers in fast­growing Shenyang, which has more than six million inhabitants(居民). On another day they will present their ideas at the National Academy. Several of China's major cities suffer heavy traffic jams. Some of their leaders are now looking for new ideas to make cities more densely­populated, while the mayors of some fast­growing cities are hoping to build in a less energy­consuming way.

　　China also suffers a crisis of agricultural land, so high­density planning has many benefits. Kate Henderson said “As more and more people across the world move from rural to urban areas we must guarantee our cities grow stably.” This means delivering schools, parks and public transport alongside employment areas and housing. “We look forward to sharing our thinking on how Garden City principles can be applied—both to creating new cities and to renewing existing ones.”

　　文章大意：英国设计专家将来中国为我们建设环保而密集型的城市提供建议。

　　8．Why does the writer mention U．S. Model in the passage?

　　A．To show the advantages of Europe's Model.

　　B．To enrich our knowledge about City Model.

　　C．To tell us its disadvantages and give us a warning.

　　D．To convey American experts' views on city planning.

　　答案：C　细节理解题。由第一段最后一句话“...warning that the road­based U．S. Model could make climate change impossible to control.”可知。

　　9．What is unique for Europe's densely­populated cities?

　　A．The road­based Model is good for the environment.

　　B．It can speed up the growth of the newly­built cities.

　　C．Its inhabitants enjoy the convenience of the wide roads.

　　D．Its designs focus on low­carbon buildings and public transport.

　　答案：D　推理判断题。由第二段前两句话“Europe's densely­populated cities, with strong public transport links, are held up as an example for China to follow. By good planning and spending a little more, livable new cities could be built with low­carbon infrastructure(基础设施)．”可知。

　　10．What does the underlined word “they” in Para 3 refer to?

　　A．British planning experts.

　　B．Mayors from China's major cities.

　　C．Officers from Shenyang.

　　D．Leaders from Chinese institutions.

　　答案：A　猜测词义题。由所在句后动作“will present their ideas at the National Academy(将会在国家研究院展示他们的理念)可知，他们指的是英国设计专家。该题因为看不懂画线句后的动作，所以易误选B、C项。

　　11．What is the best way to make Chinese cities grow stably?

　　A．By saving more agricultural lands.

　　B．By building apartments near working areas.

　　C．By persuading people to move to rural parts.

　　D．By building environment­friendly dense cities.

　　答案：D　推理判断题。由文章大意可知。

　　【2016高考训练题】阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出最佳选项。    Some say college is wasted on the young. So many of us look back at our own college years and realize what we could have done differently to make the most of them. While we can't go back, we certainly can offer our sons and daughters our best advice to help them make the right choices in college. Hopefully, they will have fewer regrets than we do. Following are five guidelines parents can share with their college-bound kids to put the whole experience in perspective.

　　EDUCATION IS YOUR FIRST PRIORITY

　　    As soon as you arrive on campus, there will be competing interests. Feel free to check them out but always remember that you are there first and foremost for your education. Go to class prepared and on time. Be engaged during class. Make sure your professor knows you and realizes that you care.

　　BE RESPONSIBLE

　　    There are many layers of responsibility. Do what you say you will do and, if you can't, own up to it early and communicate clearly. But being responsible isn't just about meeting your commitments; it is also about taking care of you, your body, and your friends. For example, more than 1800 college students die annually from alcohol-related injuries. Look out for yourself and other people. Make moderate(适度的), sensible decisions so you aren't affected by the consequences later.

　　TAKE THE OPPORTUNITY

　　    Incredible opportunities will present themselves: studying abroad, interning at a unique place, trying new things. Don't let fear prevent you from taking advantage of them. There may never be so much time or as many resources devoted to your betterment again in your life. Say yes to opportunities that will help you grow.

　　FIND AND BE A MENTOR（良师益友）

　　    Some of the best lessons available to us can come outside of the classroom in the form of a mentor. One of the most powerful growth opportunities is being a mentor. Early on, find someone on campus who you feel can help you grow and develop a relationship with him or her. Also find someone for you to mentor. You will reinforce and enrich your own learning experience by teaching someone else.

　　GET THE JOB DONE

　　    It is natural to occasionally feel you want to quit, when it makes more sense to you to go find a full-time job. Resist that urge. As Jocelyn Negron-Rios, a mother of two, who is currently completing her degree, advises, "No matter how difficult it seems, keep at it because however insurmountable（难以对付的）it feels now multiply that by 10,000 and that is how it feels when you are in your thirties with a full-time job and a family and are trying to pursue a degree."

　　1. According to the passage, the most important thing for college students is ______.

　　   A. taking part in different activities

　　   B. working hard to get a degree

　　   C. seizing every chance to try new things

　　   D. improving themselves by learning from the others

　　2. Which of the following about college life is true?

　　   A. Passing on what you've learned in college can help you enrich your learning experience.

　　   B. Make sure that you are responsible for yourself rather than others.

　　   C. Professors will not assess your performances in class but the grades you get in exams.

　　   D. You can make full use of the opportunity whenever you want.

　　3. What can we infer from the words said by Jocelyn in the last paragraph?

　　   A. Persistence is the key to success when you meet with difficulties in your learning

　　process.

　　   B. It is better if you gain more working experience before you finish your education.

　　   C. As long as you work hard, you can gain a degree even when you are in your thirties.

　　   D. Youth is the best time to learn since you have less burden.

　　4. What is the main purpose of the passage?

　　   A. To give some rules for the college students.

　　   B. To call on the students to make full use of college years.

　　   C. To summarize some tips for parents to share with their children.

　　   D. To analyze the benefits and difficulties of college life.

　　参考答案、BADC

　　【2016高考训练题】阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出最佳选项。    At the beginning of every year we promise ourselves we will live a healthier life, and exercise more. The year tarts with the best of intentions, but many times we are unable to keep up with very high goals. Good news is that a healthy lifestyle is achievable and it's all about making small changes that make a difference.

　　    News on healthy lifestyles says that the key is moderation and consistency. There are so many health and well-being products out there in the market promising many things. And although many may be true, select carefully.

　　    The basics of a healthy lifestyle is maintaining a balanced diet and doing regular exercise. By eating well, it means really to make sure you include plenty of vegetables and fruit preferably in season in your diet, avoid fried and junk foods and foods high in sugar as well as processed foods. Eating fresh homemade meals rather than ready-made meals, which are high in salt and sugar, is always the better option. Reducing alcohol intake, drinking plenty of water and supplementing your diet with healthy snacks like nuts and seeds.

　　    For external care choose natural skin care products and hair care oil. Natural beauty care involves using natural moisturizers（保湿剂）like Argan oil, Coconut oil and Sweet Almond oil. These nourish（滋养） the skin far more than counter creams full of chemicals. Skin reflects what we put inside of us, so a healthy diet with plenty of greens and healthy protein will make your skin brighter.

　　    Of course exercise is essential but the key is regular and consistent exercise. So walking three times a week for 45 minutes is much more beneficial than a binge workout once a week.

　　1. Why can't we keep up with our goals according to the passage?

　　   A. The goals are too high to achieve.

　　   B. We have a large amount of work to do.

　　   C. We are naturally lazy and never do exercise.

　　   D. The reason isn't given in the passage.

　　2. It can be inferred from the passage that _______.

　　   A. we should think twice before choosing heath products

　　   B. the key to a healthy lifestyle is getting enough sleep

　　   C. food high in salt and sugar is the best choice for us

　　   D. we should walk once a day for a healthy lifestyle

　　3. What can we learn from the passage?

　　   A. We cannot form a healthy lifestyle if we are busy.

　　   B. We can eat some junk food in order to save money.

　　   C. Our skin shows whether we have a healthy diet.

　　   D. Health products are not good for our health.

　　4. What does the passage mainly talk about?

　　   A. How to achieve our goals.

　　   B. The best way to take exercise.

　　   C. How to make a difference in life.

　　   D. Suggestions for a healthy lifestyle.

　　参考答案、DA CD