2017高考四川省广安市英语阅读理解一轮系列训练：18（含解析）

　　广安市2017高考英语阅读理解一轮系列训练（18）

　　阅读理解。阅读下面短文，选择最佳答案填空。

　　When the seventeenth-century settlers brought the English language to America,they immediately and necessarily began to adapt(使适应)it to their new environment.These changes were clear early and criticized by some people on both sides of the Atlantic.However,after the Revolution,Americans began to be proud of their own form of English.Noah Webster was the major early supporter of American meanings and spellings over British ones and published the earliest American dictionary,An American Dictionary of the English Language.During the years since Webster,language differences have continued to develop,proving(证明)the truth of George Bernard Shaw’s often-repeated words that the two nations are divided by a common language.

　　Like the American language,the earliest American literature(文学)copied English models.However,after the Revolution and the War of 1812,writers began to create a clear American literature.However,in 1820,Sydney Smith asked the famous question “Who reads an American book?”

　　Answering to this and similar taunts(讽刺)with creative anger,American writers soon produced works that plenty of British people read.Works by Washington Irving,Walt Whitman,and Mark Twain had been acclaimed greatly in Britain by the end of the nineteenth century.

　　Even as American writers got respect in Britain,British writers continued to have great influence in America.Charles Dickens went to America twice,in 1842 and 1867—1868.Other major British writers who traveled and lived in the United States include D.H.Lawrence and Aldous Huxley.British best works continue to be widely read.The works of William Shakespeare and Jane Austen became popular films.

　　At the turn of the twenty-first century,many books and writers continue to cross the Atlantic in both directions — made possible by the proud heritage(继承)of the shared language.

　　【文章大意】美国人和英国人使用相同的语言。起初英国人看不起美国人写的书,后来美国独立后,一些美国作家写的文学作品深受英国人的欢迎,同时英国一些作家的作品也在美国人中广泛阅读。

　　1.The author of this passage seems to think 　.

　　A.British English is better than American English

　　B.American English is better than British English

　　C.the same language has divided the two nations

　　D.the same language has connected the two nations

　　解析:推理判断题。由最后一段“made possible by the proud heritage(继承)of the shared language”可知,因为语言相同使得美国人和英国人联系交流起来。

　　答案:D

　　2.From the question asked by Sydney Smith,we can infer that 　.

　　A.the British had to translate American books into English ones

　　B.the British found American books difficult to understand

　　C.the British thought highly of books written by Americans

　　D.the British looked down upon American books at first

　　解析:细节理解题。由第三段“Answering to this and similar taunts(讽刺)with creative anger...”可知,英国人起初看不起美国人编写的书。

　　答案:D

　　3.The underlined word “acclaimed” in Paragraph 3 probably means “　”.

　　A.soldB.discussed

　　C.welcomed D.refused

　　解析:词义理解题。根据“...American writers soon produced works that plenty of British people read.”可知,美国作家很快创作出英国人阅读的作品。后面列举了Washington Irving,Walt Whitman,and Mark Twain等名人的作品,很显然是受英国人欢迎的。

　　答案:C

　　阅读理解They were just grasshoppers(蚂蚱). But there were millions of them, which was why dad was so anxious to get rid of them.

　　“They’re totally destroying our beans, ”he told Mom over lunchtime one Saturday. “I’ve been trying to keep them out of the tomatoes, but I don’t know if I can make it. ”

　　“Isn’t there something you can do about them? ”Mom asked. She was mostly concerned about the tomatoes. “I think there’s a spray(喷雾)or something, ”Dad said. “I’m going down to the garden center after lunch and see if they have any suggestions. ”

　　I’m pretty sure that’s what he said. But what I heard was, “While I’m gone, why don’t you and George come up with your own plan for getting rid of the grasshoppers? ”

　　And so that’s what we did. It was the summer between fifth and sixth grade, so we were feeling pretty clever and mature. Certainly we knew how to get rid of these grasshoppers. That seemed simple enough. Finally Ron and Don joined us but then, things got a little crazy. Before we knew it we were doing terrible experiments. I won’t describe our experiments. Let’s just call it“The Adventures of the Marquis de Orkin”. Dad came home and saw these different deaths. We were laughing, but the laughter quickly turned to silence when we saw the look on my Dad’s face.

　　“What are you boys doing? ”he asked.

　　“We’re just sort of helping to get rid of the grasshoppers, ”I said.

　　“This isn’t getting rid of grasshoppers, ”Dad said. “This is killing. ”

　　I was confused. I looked at the insecticide he was carrying. “But aren’t you going to kill grasshoppers with that? ”I asked.

　　“Yes, because it’s something we need to do for the protection of our garden, ”he said seriously. “But I’m not going to enjoy it. ”

　　【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。作者家的菜园遭到蚂蚱的破坏, 天真的作者想帮助父亲除掉蚂蚱, 不想他和同伴使用的方法让父亲很生气, 父亲告诫他们: 不能杀生取乐, 要学会仁慈。

　　1. It can be inferred from the text that　.

　　A. the tomatoes in the garden were badly damaged by grasshoppers

　　B. the father was advised to get rid of grasshoppers with insecticide

　　C. the father asked the author to help catch grasshoppers

　　D. the author’s way of treating grasshoppers was interesting

　　【解析】选B。推理判断题。由文章第三段中提到的父亲午饭后要去花卉商店寻求帮助以及倒数第二段中的I looked at the insecticide he was carrying. 可知, 花卉商店建议父亲使用杀虫剂。故选B项。

　　2. The underlined sentence“And so that’s what we did. ”means that　.

　　A. we killed the grasshoppers for fun

　　B. we carried out an experiment on the grasshoppers

　　C. we thought of a way to deal with the grasshoppers

　　D. we were clever enough to get rid of the grasshoppers

　　【解析】选C。推理判断题。在上一段中提到作者认为父亲的言外之意是让作者想办法除掉蚂蚱, 因此此句承接上文, 指“我们就是那样做了”, 即“我们自己想出了除掉蚂蚱的办法”。

　　3. How did the author’s father feel when he saw what the children were doing?

　　A. Angry. B. Confused.

　　C. Satisfied.

　　D. Fearful.

　　【解析】选A。推理判断题。由文章第五段中的最后一句We were laughing, but the laughter quickly turned to silence when we saw the look on my Dad’s face. 以及文章最后一句But I’m not going to enjoy it. 可知父亲看到孩子们残杀蚂蚱取乐很生气。

　　4. In which magazine would you most probably find this passage?

　　A. American Laboratory.

　　B. Accounts of Chemical Research.

　　C. Readers’ Digest.

　　D. Technology.

　　【解析】选C。文章出处题。本文的主题是“仁慈, 不杀生取乐”。此类题材的文章最有可能来自《读者文摘》这样的期刊。

　　阅读理解English as a Foreign Language

　　Who taught you to speak English? Your parents, while you were a young child? Your teachers at school? Perhaps even the BBC as a grown-up. Whoever it was, somehow you have developed an understanding of what is rapidly becoming a truly global language.

　　There are now about 376 million people who speak English as their first language, and about the same number who have learnt it in addition to their mother tongue. There are said to be one billion people learning English now and about 80% of the information on the Internet is in English.

　　Is this a good thing, or a bad thing? Should we celebrate the fact that more and more of us can communicate, using a common language, across countries and cultures? Or should we worry about the dangers of“mono-culturalism”, a world in which we all speak the same language, eat the same food and listen to the same music?

　　Does it matter if an increasing number of people speak the same language? On the contrary, I would have thought-although I have never accepted the argument that if only we all understood each other better, there would be fewer wars. Ask the people of India(where many of them speak at least some English)and Pakistan(the same situation with India). . .

　　If we all speak English, will we then all start eating McDonald’s burgers? Surely not. If English becomes more dominant(占主导地位的), will it kill other languages? I doubt it. When I travel in Africa or Asia, I am always surprised by how many people can speak not only their own language but often one or more other related languages, as well as English and perhaps some French or German as well.

　　When we discussed this on Talking Point a couple of years ago, we received a wonderfully poetic email from a listener in Ireland. “The English language is a beautiful language. Maybe it’s like a rose, ”he said. “But who would ever want their garden just full of rose? ”

　　Well, I love roses, and I think they make a beautiful addition to any garden. But the way I see it, just by planting a few roses, you don’t necessarily need to pull out everything else. If more and more people want to plant English roses, that’s fine by me.

　　【文章大意】作者以独特的视角分析了英语的发展前景和人们的种种顾虑。越来越多的人会讲英语是好事吗? 战乱会因此而减少吗? 将来人们会只讲一种语言, 吃同样的食物, 听同样的音乐吗? 作者借用一位爱尔兰听众的邮件说: 英语好比玫瑰花, 它很漂亮, 但是我们不能因为它漂亮就把花园全种上玫瑰花, 也不能把其他花草都拔掉。

　　1. How many people learn English as their second language?

　　A. About 80%.

　　B. About 376 million.

　　C. About one million.

　　D. We don’t know.

　　【解析】选B。细节理解题。从第二段第一句话可知, 把英语当作第二语言的人的数量是about 376 million。故选B。

　　2. What does“garden”in the last two paragraphs stand for?

　　A. Language.

　　B. Family.

　　C. The world.

　　D. The Earth.

　　【解析】选C。词义猜测题。因为这两段中rose用来指代English, 所以garden自然是指代the world。故选C。

　　3. The author would probably agree that　.

　　A. it’s very hard to plant many kinds of flowers in a garden

　　B. it’s good for people from other countries to learn English

　　C. more and more people like to plant roses in their gardens

　　D. English is easier to learn than other languages

　　【解析】选B。作者意图题。根据全文内容, 尤其最后一句If more and more people want to plant English roses, that’s fine by me. 可以了解作者的态度倾向。故选B。

　　4. This passage is mainly about　.

　　A. why English has become a global language

　　B. how many people in the world speak English

　　C. how people in the world learn English as a foreign language

　　D. whether we need to worry about English being a world language

　　【解析】选D。主旨大意题。通过理解全文内容以及作者的观点, 我们可以知道人们大可不必顾虑英语作为世界语言的前景问题。故选D。

　　We've all heard the old saying，“Sticks and stones can break my bones，but words can never hurt me.” Don't you believe it？Words are powerful，and they can hurt—a lot. In fact，if you're not careful，you can even hurt yourself，by using the wrong word in your writing.

　　Recently a friend sent me a copy of an e­mail she received from the customer service department of her credit card company，after she contacted them with a question about her account. She was happy with their positive response. But as I read the e­mail，one line jumped out at me：“In lieu of good customer service...”

　　Did they really mean they were offering her a few extra reward points instead of good customer service？I doubt it. More likely，what the customer service department meant to say was，“Because good customer service is important to us...” followed by the details of what they were doing to make sure she remained a happy customer.

　　So why didn't the writer say that？I can only guess that perhaps the writer liked the phrase “in lieu of”，thought it sounded more interesting than saying “because”，and so used it—without bothering to check the true meaning.

　　Have you ever done that？Try to impress others with a big word，only to find out you've used the word incorrectly？It's just the opposite effect，isn't it？You may impress people all right，but it's not the impression you were going for.

　　When you write，remember to choose your words carefully. People may still disagree with what you say，but they won't be able to dismiss you because you made careless mistakes in how you said it.

　　1．What's the writer's purpose in giving the saying?

　　A．To amuse the reader.

　　B．To persuade the reader.

　　C．To support a conclusion.

　　D．To lead to the topic.

　　．It can be inferred that the writer's friend ______.

　　A．was the manager of the customer service department

　　B．was the customer of the credit card company

　　C．emailed a company to complain

　　D．used a phrase incorrectly

　　．What does the phrase “in lieu of” most probably mean?

　　A．Because of.

　　B．In honour of.

　　C．Instead of.

　　D．In favour of.

　　．According to the writer，the customer service department ______.

　　A．didn't express what they really meant

　　B．didn't prefer to use familiar words to attract customers

　　C．didn't need to offer their customers extra reward points

　　D．succeeded in impressing their customers

　　参考答案1-4 DDBCA

　　（2016高考英语阅读理解精练）阅读下面短文，选择最佳答案。

　　Children spend more time messaging each other on phones and websites than talking in Person ,a survey has revealed. Text messages and social networking sites have become the common mode of youngsters aged 8 to 14.

　　A survey of modem childhood found that many youngsters are conscious that they are spending too much time on their computers and enjoy themselves the most 'when playing outside.

　　But the lure of electronic products proves too strong for a quarter, while a fifth say their parents don't like them playing outside because they are worried about strangers and injuries.

　　The "iGeneration report" suggested that youngsters are increasingly health-conscious and skeptical(特怀疑态度的)

　　of commercialization,

　　including gender-based labelling on toys and pop videos released by singers. More than half of those questioned care about eating healthily and one in 10 lectures their own parents about the food they are eating or buying. 42 percent of those questioned own a smartphone , with 36 percent admitting to spending more time communicating with friends via instant messaging, such as texts or networking websites, than talking in person

　　Only one child in 100 said that being happy, having a loving family and being clever were taken as the most crucial(决定性的)

　　elements in their lives.

　　Cary

　　Cooper, the professor of organizational psychology and health at Lancaster University , said social media were contributing to youngsters becoming more independent. They had a sense of individuality due to exposure to a range of media.

　　The survey follows major statebacked research which found that youngsters are turning their back on drink, drugs and smoking. It found a dramatic drop in the number of secondary school students trying and regularly using drugs, alcohol and tobacco.

　　Some analysts said that thanks to the rise of social media, millions of teenagers are spending their time at home in their rooms rather than out on the streets.

　　1. Why can't 25 percent of the children get away from electronic products?

　　A. They are not allowed to hang out long.

　　B. They are protected from strangers and injuries.

　　C. They enjoy themselves most when playing outside.

　　D. They can't resist the temptation of the products.

　　2. The survey of modem childhood found that many youngsters _____.

　　A. are fans of the pop videos released by singers

　　B. message each other more rather than chat in person

　　C. are doubtful about possessing the latest smartphones

　　D.

　　pay no attention to their lifestyle nowadays

　　.

　　3. The attitude of Cary Cooper towards social metlia is______.

　　A. objective

　　B. negative

　　C. supportive

　　D. unclear

　　4. The last paragraph is written to show_______.

　　A. the benefits of social media

　　B. the drop of taking

　　drugs in youngsters

　　C. the exposure to a range of media

　　D. youngsters are becoming more conscious

　　【参考答案】1-4DBCA