2017高考四川省广安市英语阅读理解一轮系列训练：22（含解析）

　　广安市2017高考英语阅读理解一轮系列训练（22）

　　阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A.B.C和D项中，选出最佳选项。

　　There are various reasons why cancers appear to be on the increase. For one thing, though their sufferers are to be found in all age groups, cancers are particularly likely to attack persons in their middle and advanced years. Naturally, since people live longer these years, there are more cancer sufferers than before. Again, with better methods of diagnosis (诊断), doctors can more easily recognize cancerous growths that would formerly have passed unnoticed or that would have been wrongly diagnosed. It is also believed that certain habits and conditions of modem living, including heavy smoking and the pollution of the air, may leave people living in more cancer-causing conditions than before.

　　We all look forward to the day when a simple medical test can find cancer while it is still small. Researchers around the world are working on such a test. Most of their work deals with the examination of the blood.

　　Researchers in Boston have found something in the blood of cancer patients that does not appear in healthy persons. The test showed which persons had cancer and which did not. It was correct more than 90 percent of the time.

　　The researchers believe the test may be able to show cancer very clearly in its development. Cancers discovered early usually can be treated successfully.

　　The test examines very small bits of fat in the blood called lipids (脂质). Cancers seem to change lipids although doctors do not know why. The test showed differences between the lipids of the persons with cancer and the lipids of those without cancer.

　　The researchers say the new test could be a step to develop a simple way to check patients for cancer before the disease shows on an X-ray.

　　1. Who will fail cancer from the study of the researchers?

　　A. The young.

　　B. The middle age and the older.

　　C. The man.

　　D. The woman.

　　2. The underlined words "such a test" refer to________.

　　A. the test that shows which persons have cancer and which don’t

　　B. the test that may be able to show cancer very early in its development,.

　　C. a simple medical test that cannot find cancer when it is -small

　　D. a new test that could be a step to develop a difficult way

　　3. Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?

　　A. Cancers have much to do with something in patients’ blood.

　　B. People living in better conditions are most likely to be attacked by cancer.

　　C.X-raying is the best way to determined whether a person has cancer or not.

　　D. Cancers have nothing to do with a person’s habits and living conditions.

　　4. What would be the best title for the passage?

　　A. A simple way to cancer

　　B. Cancers can be cured

　　C. How to find cancer

　　D. Early discovery of cancer

　　1. B 细节题。从第一段中的cancers are particularly likely to attack persons in their middle and advanced years可以知道癌症尤其容易在中年人和老年人的身体上发生。

　　2. B 词义题。第二段中的a simple medical test can find cancer while it is still small；test与后面的such a test指的是同样的一种方法，所以这里的test指的是上句的“用最简单的方法诊断早期的癌症”。

　　3. A 细节题。第三段中提到了cancer病人血液中的有些东西在健康人中没有，并且百分之九十以上的情况是这样的。B项与D项的意思与文章第一段中的certain habits and conditions of modern living including heavy smoking and pollution of the air may leave people living in more cancer-causing conditions不符；C项内容与文章最后一段的意思不符。

　　4. D 主旨题。文章在开头就交代了写作的目的，有各种不同的理由说明了为什么癌症似乎在上升，而从后面的几段我们知道科学家们正在研究一种新的早期诊断cancer的方法。

　　阅读理解(原创)People in Hong Kong speak a rich mixture of languages. Hong Kong was a British colony for more than 156 years before it was returned to Chinese control in 1997. English was the only official language until 1994.

　　Most people in Hong Kong today speak Cantonese, but Mandarin and other dialects also are heard, and English as the British used is still widely spoken and taught here. Now however, many people are choosing to learn English as it is spoken in the United States.

　　Victor Chan, for example, has children who attend school called Nature EQ on Saturday and Sunday, and they are learning to say words the American way. Mr Chan says he wants his sons to learn American English, because he plans to send them to the United States for further study.

　　Nature EQ is one of a growing number of schools in Hong Kong that offer American English classes. Frankie Ng opened the school 17 years ago, at that time, he had only 40 students. Today, the school has 350 students, and it does not have space for any more.

　　Mr Ng says American English is clear and defined. He says it is easy to teach and easily understood. That, however, is not the main concern of the children.

　　Public schools in the former British colony still teach mostly British English. But the number of private language schools teaching American English is growing.

　　In Hong Kong’s Tseung Kwan O district, for example, the American English Workshop school had 20 students a week when it opened one year ago. Today, ithas more than 180 each week.

　　Some observers say American English is becoming the language of international business. Increased contact with American culture, like movies, television programs, computer games and the Internet is spreading American expressions and accents in areas other than business.

　　But for now, people hearing English in the streets of Hong Kong are mainly hearing traditional British English.

　　“We can understand both, but for what we speak, we speak with the British accent, ”said one local woman.

　　“The British is better I think, ”commented a local man.

　　【文章大意】多元化的大都市香港现在正兴起一股学习美式英语的热潮。

　　1. Which of the following is TRUE about the language spoken in Hong Kong?

　　A. English is still the only official language now.

　　B. British English is still widely spoken and taught at present.

　　C. Most people are learning American English now.

　　D. All people in Hong Kong can speak Cantonese.

　　【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第二段English as the British used is still widely spoken and taught here一句可知英式英语在香港广泛使用和用于教学之中。

　　2. What can we learn from the examples shown in this passage?

　　A. Views are different on American English.

　　B. Not all people like American English.

　　C. American English is becoming more popular.

　　D. American English is better than British English.

　　【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据文章提供的例子可知人们越来越喜欢学习美式英语。

　　3. What does the underlined word“it”refer to?

　　A. British English

　　B. American English

　　C. American English Workshop school

　　D. Hong Kong

　　【解析】选C。细节理解题。it代指上句中的American English Workshop school“美式英语培训学校”。

　　4. What can we infer from the passage?

　　A. American English and British English will go hand in hand in the future.

　　B. American English will be more popular than British English.

　　C. British accent is clear and easy to study.

　　D. Local people can’t understand both of the two kinds of English.

　　【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据文章可知尽管美式英语的学习不断升温, 英式英语仍在广泛使用和在教学中应用, 故推断美式英语和英式英语将会在香港并存下去。

　　阅读理解。阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。

　　Success doesn’t begin until you begin the walk down the way towards your goals. And your walk down the way always begins first with a baby step. Why do we call them baby steps? Are they really anything more than our next step down life’s way?

　　Baby steps are the first steps we take as an act of faith. We see others stepping out and we want to show our ability to walk by following them. As we grow, we continue our development by taking extra baby steps. Sometimes we fall; sometimes we fail. After that, all steps become an act of faith; we just become more practiced. If you say to yourself“I don’t want to make a fool of myself”or“I’d better be good at this”, you’ll probably never take the baby steps towards your goals and end up lying in your own self-pity.

　　As a culture, we focus on results. We think about every risk that must be taken to reach our goals. There are few people who are excellent performers of any tasks the first time they try them. They fail and succeed. Then, they build upon their abilities learned each time. They practice their skills and use their talents through baby steps before they are ready to prove them to the whole world.

　　So, learn to take those baby steps to reach the goals before you. Know that you can depend on God to show you the way. As you become more experienced, your baby steps become a walk, then a jump, and finally a sprint. That’s how our baby steps lead us through the marathon of life.

　　【文章大意】千里之行, 始于足下。即使是最优秀的运动员, 在其通往辉煌顶峰的人生起跑线上, 其步履也一定是蹒跚如婴儿般孱弱。本文向我们讲述了baby steps在我们人生及成功道路上的重要意义。

　　5. What does the writer mainly discuss in the text?

　　A. The power of faith in our life.

　　B. The importance of baby steps.

　　C. The abilities to achieve success.

　　D. The cause of cultural differences.

　　【解析】选B。主旨大意题。本文主要论述了baby steps在人们走向成功的道路上所起的重要作用。

　　1. Which of the following is thought most important in taking baby steps?

　　A. Faith. B. Practice. 　C. Skill. 　D. Examples.

　　【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据第二段中Baby steps are the first steps we take as an act of faith和After that, all steps become an act of faith可知, 在我们迈出走向目标的第一步时, 坚定的信念是最重要的, 而不是技能、练习或榜样。

　　. In the third paragraph, the writer expresses the view that　.

　　A. we can’t expect to succeed without working hard at first

　　B. adults should learn from babies in dealing with hard tasks

　　C. we must make full use of our skills in order to get rewards

　　D. baby steps play the key role in leading us towards success

　　【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据该段内容可知, baby steps是成功的第一步, 它让我们在失败中提升能力, 获得成功所需要的各种才能, 因此baby steps在我们迈向成功的道路上起着关键作用。

　　. The underlined word“sprint”in the last paragraph probably means“　”.

　　A. slow rush　B. sudden stop

　　C. hard climb D. fast run

　　【解析】选D。词义猜测题。根据语境, 随着你的经验越多, 蹒跚学步变成走, 然后跳, 最后冲刺。

　　. What’s the writer’s tone in the text?

　　A. Light-hearted.

　　B. Regretful.

　　C. Encouraging.

　　D. Concerned.

　　【解析】选C。推理判断题。作者劝说人们不要惧怕失败, 要勇敢地迈出通向自己成功目标的baby

　　steps, 由此可知, 作者在叙述中是一种“鼓励、激励”的语气。

　　Teachers say the digital age has had a good influence----- and a not-so-good influence----on this generation of American teenagers. More than 2000 teachers took an online survey. Three-quarters of the teachers said the Internet and digital search tools have had a “ mostly positive” effect on their students’ research habits and skills. But 64 percent said the technologies “ do more to distract (使分心) students than to help them academically.” And 87 percent agreed that these technologies are creating an “ easily distracted generation with short attention spans.”

　　The Pew Internet Project did the survey with the National Writing Project. Judy Buchanan is the vice director of the National Writing Project and a co-author of the report. Ms. Buchanan says digital research tools are helping students learn more and faster. “ Teachers really favor these tools because they are ways to make some of the learning exciting and engaging. Young people favor these tools. The goal is to really help them become creators of meaningful content, and not just sort of consumers.”

　　But one problem the survey found is that many students lack digital literacy. They trust too much of the information they find on the Internet. Judy says these students haven’t developed the skills to determine the quality of online information. “ It’s something that really has to be taught and paid attention to, because in a world in which things happen quickly, you do need to step back, reflect and analyze the information you have.”

　　Another problem is blamed on something that might not seem like a problem at all: being able to quickly find information online. Teachers say the result is a reduction in the desire and ability of their students to work hard to find answers. They say students are overly dependent on search engines and do not make enough use of printed books or research libraries.

　　Many teachers are also concerned that the Internet makes it easy for students to copy work done by others instead of using their own abilities.

　　1. The text mainly tells us ____________.

　　A. digital tools bring about benefits and problems

　　B. the Internet is playing a key role

　　C. teachers encourage using digital tools D. all the students use digital tools

　　3. The underlined sentence in the third paragraph probably means _________.

　　A. students do not have the right digital tools

　　B. students do not always have access to the Internet

　　C. students can’t judge online information properly

　　D. students haven’t the ability to adjust themselves

　　4. Some students don’t tend to work hard because ___________.

　　A. they can copy others’ work without being punished

　　B. printed books and libraries around aren’t enough

　　C. the Internet can’t make students concentrate

　　D. they can get answer on the Internet quickly

　　参考答案1—4

　　ACCD

　　【2016高考英语阅读理解训练】阅读下面短文，选择最佳答案。

　　People have wondered for a long time how their personalities and behaviour are formed. It is not easy to explain why one person is intelligent and another is not, or why one is cooperative and another is competitive.

　　Social scientists are of course extremely interested in these types of questions. They want to explain why we possess certain characteristics and exhibit certain behaviour. There are no clear answers yet, but two distinct schools of thought on the matter have developed. As one might expect, the two approaches are very different from each other, and there is a great deal of debate between proponents of each theory. The controversy(争论) is often conveniently referred to as “nature and nurture”.

　　Those who support the “nature” side of the conflict believe that our personalities and behaviour patterns are largely determined by biological factors. That our environment has little, if anything, to do with our abilities, characteristics and behaviour is central to this theory. Taken to an extreme, this theory states that our behaviour is predetermined to such a great degree that we are almost completely governed by our instincts (本能).

　　Proponents of the “nurture” theory, or, as they are often called, behaviourists, claim that our environment is more important than our biologically based instincts in determining how we will act. A behaviourist, B.F. Skinner, sees humans as beings whose behaviour is almost completely shaped by their surroundings. The behaviourists’ view of the human being is quite mechanistic. They state that, like machines, humans respond to environmental stimuli (刺激) as the basis of their behaviour.

　　Socially and politically, the consequences of these two theories are far-reaching. In the US, for example, blacks often score below whites on standardized intelligence tests. This leads some “nature” proponents to conclude that blacks are genetically lower in status than whites. Behaviourists, on the contrary, say that the differences in scores are due to the fact that blacks are often robbed of many of the educational and other environmental advantages that whites enjoy, and that, as a result, they do not develop the same responses that whites do.

　　Neither of these theories can yet fully explain human behaviour. In fact, it is quite likely that the key to our behaviour lies somewhere between these two extremes and that the controversy will continue for a long time is certain.

　　1. This passage is mainly concerned with ___________.

　　A. relation between personality and behaviour

　　B. relation between behaviour and environment

　　C. different accounts of patterns of human behaviour

　　D. different theories of the formation of human personality and behaviour.

　　2. The underlined word “proponents” in Paragraph 2 means __________.

　　A. teachers

　　B. advisors

　　C. advocates

　　D. judges

　　3. What’s the author’s purpose in writing the passage?

　　A. To call our attention to the changes of human behaviour.

　　B. To urge scientists to do more research in social science.

　　C. To give us a detailed explanation of human behaviour.

　　D. To present an argument in the field of social science.

　　参考答案1—3

　　DCD